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AN HISTOYIGAL SKETGH
Twenty-Seeond Regime TMDIANA POLUNTXERS
rI1031 ITS ORGSI TIOX TO 11115 ClJ0S1~ 01 TIIlS R
ITS BATTLBS ITS JIZRCIIlltS AN11 JTS IIATltI)SIIIJS
ITS l3It Vlc Ol FIClilltS IXD ITS
HONORED DEAD
R E d n AT T H E IbE-1 IUS OF THE R E G I l l E X T IIETAI)hT C O I A ~ P R I S ISl)
M d I l C H 7 187i
BY LTEUT R V IITARSIiZlI O J ~ I I L I ~ I S ~ V I I I I J A I)
[Extract from mintitcs of 22nd Ind Rcgirncnt 1
ampIIDI~ONIwn Sept 19 1884
On motion of comrade Davis a committee of three was
appointed to ascertain the cost of publishiag in pamphlet
form the address delivered by Lieut R V M~rshtllat
Columbus on March 7th 1877 and the chair appoiated
Messrs Davis Hendricks and Gavitt as said committee
The committee reported that 1000 copirs in paniplllet
form could be printed for a reasonable amou~lt
After discussion Sec~etary Hclldriclrs was empo~vercd to
have 1000 copies of said address prepared by the next an-
nual meeting PAULHFSDIZICIISSecy
HISTOf(1GAL SKETGH
TWENTY-SEBOND REGIMENT INDIANA BIOLUNTEIltRS
Brothers and Conzrades Friends and Fc7llcu1-Citzze~~s
Follolving close upon the peaceril solntio~i of tliose exciting iind n i o ~ n c n t l ~ ~ l s c-cnts which have ~gtoliticni con7ulsed ant1 1)erilctl the I)eace arid liarmony of our cornmoll country from one eslremitv to the o i l l ~ rtor the ~a four months co~mc i n fitting time and mail- l1er this re union of the 2Stl I i ~ d i a ~ l ~ Volunteers -one of the early rcriine~-~ts of the State two compa- nies of which came from this gootlly cif y of Colum- blls ar~t l Harl~~ololnev co~inty Iicl meet to clasp liands to look into elc 11 f i ~ ~ e s others to rcrlerv the friendsk~ipsof n four ycknrs servicac ill the cariie of t h e country of our Inirth or a d o p t ~ o ~ ~ n~icl ce- s~~~ctificd mented bv the terrible cgto~itlcts ol hat tle the cIange15 of the sk~lmibll tllc iiiflt~rings of t l ~ c i n ~ r c l ~ inti
the unccr ta~ut ies of ill(gt lciit(tl field The elements oa t of 1vllic11 (lie Twenty Seco~ltl
R r g i n ~ c ~ i t Intl i ~il ~ wrxre Sor~licil coil- ol ol~1ilirc~r5 sistei of ~ h o ~ ~ t 1 N O nlc11 m~o r~rldcr comp~tny ofii-cers of their ovn election relltlez-o~~se~l ~ t(2 11111) Soblcl Sort11 1lldiio11 fronl tlic 1011 to flir 15tl-i oi
1 Accoiclin to designatio~ ol the Gorer- 1
ilor of the State niost of the companies ant1 rlearly all the men came from tile territory a t that time coalpriiing tlie l1iiltl Congressional district The commandant of the camp was a Golone1 IVartllen who probably expected to he comn~issioned Colonei of the new regiment when organized but being dis- appointed in this committed suicide by shooting himself about the 5th of August Om the 27th day of July the United States mustering ofEcer Lirut Col Wood came into cxinp ir~spectecl the men hy companie accepted such as seeined to possess the requisite qualifications for active service in the field ancl rejecting ail who from personal appearance or who Srom iriformation were n~lfit for thc life or du-ties of a soldier Of the latter there were lxany who were manifestly physical1~- and inentally inciipacita- ted others mentally sound zealous and patriotic anxious to enter the service oftheir country yet were too old or too young Many of these shecl tears of regret when directed to stand aside A few were acccptecl by t l ~ e rrlustering officer declined to take the oath and be mustered into the service These were a t once clramrned out of the camp amid the jeer- and insults of their quondam comrades Tlle non-commissioned officers and privates were duly sworn the muster rolls ~naclc out the inen uniform- ed equipped with haversacks canteens and 1inal1- saclis In a few days thereafter we mere visited by Governor Morton who delivered a patriotic address closing with a powerful appeal to the sons of Indi- ana to hasten to the field and rescue our common country from Ihe terrible danger that tllreatened the life of the nation H e told us nzarcliing orders were awaiting us Before leaving Camp Noble the laclies
5 O F TIIE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIEXT
of 8Iadison prepared and tendered a magnificent and sumptuous dinner to the inen composing the regi-ment On the 15th of Angust orders came to march i~nmedialely to Missouri by way of Indiani~polis 0 1 1
reaching the State Capitol we were withs~~ppllecl tents nrhicli vex pitcl~ed in the western part of the city The roll1 were iinally completed by mustering in the comnlissioried officers of the colnpanies and regiment the latter as fhlloms Colonel Jeff C Davis Lieut Col John A Hendriclcs Major Gor- don 1tnner Atlj~ttarit Oharles L IIolsteinjr Quar- tc~rmaster Elllory Bradley Surgeon Beiij F N e w lalid Assistant Surgeon Joseph A StillveIl
The followirlg were the compai~y officers a t tlie or- ganization of tlie regiment
J E S N I N G S COITKTY-CO A
Captain Blichael (iooding 1st Lieut Leonard Ennis 2nd Lieut David Ennis
JACICSOX COUNTY-CO B
C~ptainThos H Tanner 1st Lieut Jas M Lewis 2nd Lieut Jno F C Tanner
IltOVN COUNTY-CO C
Ctptaia Jas S 1-lester w l ~ o afterit-ards became Lieut Col 1st Lieut W W Browning 2nd Lieut Will A Adams
CLARIlt COTTSTY-CO D
Captain David W Dailey 1st Lieut Wm H 1Zatts 2nd Lieut I N lIaymalier
Bi~ILTIIOLO3IE~VCOUNTY-CO E
Captain Josiali Wilson 1st Lieut Wm 13 Snod- grass 211d Lieut San~ue l 11McBriJe
SVITZEI1IASD COUNTY-CO F
Captain E A Stepleton 1st Lieut Jno 8 Rob-erls 2nd Lieut S S Marquis
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
- --- -- -- -
afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
- - - - PA - -A - -- - - --
tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
-- --
thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
-
skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
-
Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
[Extract from mintitcs of 22nd Ind Rcgirncnt 1
ampIIDI~ONIwn Sept 19 1884
On motion of comrade Davis a committee of three was
appointed to ascertain the cost of publishiag in pamphlet
form the address delivered by Lieut R V M~rshtllat
Columbus on March 7th 1877 and the chair appoiated
Messrs Davis Hendricks and Gavitt as said committee
The committee reported that 1000 copirs in paniplllet
form could be printed for a reasonable amou~lt
After discussion Sec~etary Hclldriclrs was empo~vercd to
have 1000 copies of said address prepared by the next an-
nual meeting PAULHFSDIZICIISSecy
HISTOf(1GAL SKETGH
TWENTY-SEBOND REGIMENT INDIANA BIOLUNTEIltRS
Brothers and Conzrades Friends and Fc7llcu1-Citzze~~s
Follolving close upon the peaceril solntio~i of tliose exciting iind n i o ~ n c n t l ~ ~ l s c-cnts which have ~gtoliticni con7ulsed ant1 1)erilctl the I)eace arid liarmony of our cornmoll country from one eslremitv to the o i l l ~ rtor the ~a four months co~mc i n fitting time and mail- l1er this re union of the 2Stl I i ~ d i a ~ l ~ Volunteers -one of the early rcriine~-~ts of the State two compa- nies of which came from this gootlly cif y of Colum- blls ar~t l Harl~~ololnev co~inty Iicl meet to clasp liands to look into elc 11 f i ~ ~ e s others to rcrlerv the friendsk~ipsof n four ycknrs servicac ill the cariie of t h e country of our Inirth or a d o p t ~ o ~ ~ n~icl ce- s~~~ctificd mented bv the terrible cgto~itlcts ol hat tle the cIange15 of the sk~lmibll tllc iiiflt~rings of t l ~ c i n ~ r c l ~ inti
the unccr ta~ut ies of ill(gt lciit(tl field The elements oa t of 1vllic11 (lie Twenty Seco~ltl
R r g i n ~ c ~ i t Intl i ~il ~ wrxre Sor~licil coil- ol ol~1ilirc~r5 sistei of ~ h o ~ ~ t 1 N O nlc11 m~o r~rldcr comp~tny ofii-cers of their ovn election relltlez-o~~se~l ~ t(2 11111) Soblcl Sort11 1lldiio11 fronl tlic 1011 to flir 15tl-i oi
1 Accoiclin to designatio~ ol the Gorer- 1
ilor of the State niost of the companies ant1 rlearly all the men came from tile territory a t that time coalpriiing tlie l1iiltl Congressional district The commandant of the camp was a Golone1 IVartllen who probably expected to he comn~issioned Colonei of the new regiment when organized but being dis- appointed in this committed suicide by shooting himself about the 5th of August Om the 27th day of July the United States mustering ofEcer Lirut Col Wood came into cxinp ir~spectecl the men hy companie accepted such as seeined to possess the requisite qualifications for active service in the field ancl rejecting ail who from personal appearance or who Srom iriformation were n~lfit for thc life or du-ties of a soldier Of the latter there were lxany who were manifestly physical1~- and inentally inciipacita- ted others mentally sound zealous and patriotic anxious to enter the service oftheir country yet were too old or too young Many of these shecl tears of regret when directed to stand aside A few were acccptecl by t l ~ e rrlustering officer declined to take the oath and be mustered into the service These were a t once clramrned out of the camp amid the jeer- and insults of their quondam comrades Tlle non-commissioned officers and privates were duly sworn the muster rolls ~naclc out the inen uniform- ed equipped with haversacks canteens and 1inal1- saclis In a few days thereafter we mere visited by Governor Morton who delivered a patriotic address closing with a powerful appeal to the sons of Indi- ana to hasten to the field and rescue our common country from Ihe terrible danger that tllreatened the life of the nation H e told us nzarcliing orders were awaiting us Before leaving Camp Noble the laclies
5 O F TIIE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIEXT
of 8Iadison prepared and tendered a magnificent and sumptuous dinner to the inen composing the regi-ment On the 15th of Angust orders came to march i~nmedialely to Missouri by way of Indiani~polis 0 1 1
reaching the State Capitol we were withs~~ppllecl tents nrhicli vex pitcl~ed in the western part of the city The roll1 were iinally completed by mustering in the comnlissioried officers of the colnpanies and regiment the latter as fhlloms Colonel Jeff C Davis Lieut Col John A Hendriclcs Major Gor- don 1tnner Atlj~ttarit Oharles L IIolsteinjr Quar- tc~rmaster Elllory Bradley Surgeon Beiij F N e w lalid Assistant Surgeon Joseph A StillveIl
The followirlg were the compai~y officers a t tlie or- ganization of tlie regiment
J E S N I N G S COITKTY-CO A
Captain Blichael (iooding 1st Lieut Leonard Ennis 2nd Lieut David Ennis
JACICSOX COUNTY-CO B
C~ptainThos H Tanner 1st Lieut Jas M Lewis 2nd Lieut Jno F C Tanner
IltOVN COUNTY-CO C
Ctptaia Jas S 1-lester w l ~ o afterit-ards became Lieut Col 1st Lieut W W Browning 2nd Lieut Will A Adams
CLARIlt COTTSTY-CO D
Captain David W Dailey 1st Lieut Wm H 1Zatts 2nd Lieut I N lIaymalier
Bi~ILTIIOLO3IE~VCOUNTY-CO E
Captain Josiali Wilson 1st Lieut Wm 13 Snod- grass 211d Lieut San~ue l 11McBriJe
SVITZEI1IASD COUNTY-CO F
Captain E A Stepleton 1st Lieut Jno 8 Rob-erls 2nd Lieut S S Marquis
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
HISTOf(1GAL SKETGH
TWENTY-SEBOND REGIMENT INDIANA BIOLUNTEIltRS
Brothers and Conzrades Friends and Fc7llcu1-Citzze~~s
Follolving close upon the peaceril solntio~i of tliose exciting iind n i o ~ n c n t l ~ ~ l s c-cnts which have ~gtoliticni con7ulsed ant1 1)erilctl the I)eace arid liarmony of our cornmoll country from one eslremitv to the o i l l ~ rtor the ~a four months co~mc i n fitting time and mail- l1er this re union of the 2Stl I i ~ d i a ~ l ~ Volunteers -one of the early rcriine~-~ts of the State two compa- nies of which came from this gootlly cif y of Colum- blls ar~t l Harl~~ololnev co~inty Iicl meet to clasp liands to look into elc 11 f i ~ ~ e s others to rcrlerv the friendsk~ipsof n four ycknrs servicac ill the cariie of t h e country of our Inirth or a d o p t ~ o ~ ~ n~icl ce- s~~~ctificd mented bv the terrible cgto~itlcts ol hat tle the cIange15 of the sk~lmibll tllc iiiflt~rings of t l ~ c i n ~ r c l ~ inti
the unccr ta~ut ies of ill(gt lciit(tl field The elements oa t of 1vllic11 (lie Twenty Seco~ltl
R r g i n ~ c ~ i t Intl i ~il ~ wrxre Sor~licil coil- ol ol~1ilirc~r5 sistei of ~ h o ~ ~ t 1 N O nlc11 m~o r~rldcr comp~tny ofii-cers of their ovn election relltlez-o~~se~l ~ t(2 11111) Soblcl Sort11 1lldiio11 fronl tlic 1011 to flir 15tl-i oi
1 Accoiclin to designatio~ ol the Gorer- 1
ilor of the State niost of the companies ant1 rlearly all the men came from tile territory a t that time coalpriiing tlie l1iiltl Congressional district The commandant of the camp was a Golone1 IVartllen who probably expected to he comn~issioned Colonei of the new regiment when organized but being dis- appointed in this committed suicide by shooting himself about the 5th of August Om the 27th day of July the United States mustering ofEcer Lirut Col Wood came into cxinp ir~spectecl the men hy companie accepted such as seeined to possess the requisite qualifications for active service in the field ancl rejecting ail who from personal appearance or who Srom iriformation were n~lfit for thc life or du-ties of a soldier Of the latter there were lxany who were manifestly physical1~- and inentally inciipacita- ted others mentally sound zealous and patriotic anxious to enter the service oftheir country yet were too old or too young Many of these shecl tears of regret when directed to stand aside A few were acccptecl by t l ~ e rrlustering officer declined to take the oath and be mustered into the service These were a t once clramrned out of the camp amid the jeer- and insults of their quondam comrades Tlle non-commissioned officers and privates were duly sworn the muster rolls ~naclc out the inen uniform- ed equipped with haversacks canteens and 1inal1- saclis In a few days thereafter we mere visited by Governor Morton who delivered a patriotic address closing with a powerful appeal to the sons of Indi- ana to hasten to the field and rescue our common country from Ihe terrible danger that tllreatened the life of the nation H e told us nzarcliing orders were awaiting us Before leaving Camp Noble the laclies
5 O F TIIE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIEXT
of 8Iadison prepared and tendered a magnificent and sumptuous dinner to the inen composing the regi-ment On the 15th of Angust orders came to march i~nmedialely to Missouri by way of Indiani~polis 0 1 1
reaching the State Capitol we were withs~~ppllecl tents nrhicli vex pitcl~ed in the western part of the city The roll1 were iinally completed by mustering in the comnlissioried officers of the colnpanies and regiment the latter as fhlloms Colonel Jeff C Davis Lieut Col John A Hendriclcs Major Gor- don 1tnner Atlj~ttarit Oharles L IIolsteinjr Quar- tc~rmaster Elllory Bradley Surgeon Beiij F N e w lalid Assistant Surgeon Joseph A StillveIl
The followirlg were the compai~y officers a t tlie or- ganization of tlie regiment
J E S N I N G S COITKTY-CO A
Captain Blichael (iooding 1st Lieut Leonard Ennis 2nd Lieut David Ennis
JACICSOX COUNTY-CO B
C~ptainThos H Tanner 1st Lieut Jas M Lewis 2nd Lieut Jno F C Tanner
IltOVN COUNTY-CO C
Ctptaia Jas S 1-lester w l ~ o afterit-ards became Lieut Col 1st Lieut W W Browning 2nd Lieut Will A Adams
CLARIlt COTTSTY-CO D
Captain David W Dailey 1st Lieut Wm H 1Zatts 2nd Lieut I N lIaymalier
Bi~ILTIIOLO3IE~VCOUNTY-CO E
Captain Josiali Wilson 1st Lieut Wm 13 Snod- grass 211d Lieut San~ue l 11McBriJe
SVITZEI1IASD COUNTY-CO F
Captain E A Stepleton 1st Lieut Jno 8 Rob-erls 2nd Lieut S S Marquis
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
- --- -- -- -
afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
- - - - PA - -A - -- - - --
tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
-- --
thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
-
skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
-
Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
--
changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
ilor of the State niost of the companies ant1 rlearly all the men came from tile territory a t that time coalpriiing tlie l1iiltl Congressional district The commandant of the camp was a Golone1 IVartllen who probably expected to he comn~issioned Colonei of the new regiment when organized but being dis- appointed in this committed suicide by shooting himself about the 5th of August Om the 27th day of July the United States mustering ofEcer Lirut Col Wood came into cxinp ir~spectecl the men hy companie accepted such as seeined to possess the requisite qualifications for active service in the field ancl rejecting ail who from personal appearance or who Srom iriformation were n~lfit for thc life or du-ties of a soldier Of the latter there were lxany who were manifestly physical1~- and inentally inciipacita- ted others mentally sound zealous and patriotic anxious to enter the service oftheir country yet were too old or too young Many of these shecl tears of regret when directed to stand aside A few were acccptecl by t l ~ e rrlustering officer declined to take the oath and be mustered into the service These were a t once clramrned out of the camp amid the jeer- and insults of their quondam comrades Tlle non-commissioned officers and privates were duly sworn the muster rolls ~naclc out the inen uniform- ed equipped with haversacks canteens and 1inal1- saclis In a few days thereafter we mere visited by Governor Morton who delivered a patriotic address closing with a powerful appeal to the sons of Indi- ana to hasten to the field and rescue our common country from Ihe terrible danger that tllreatened the life of the nation H e told us nzarcliing orders were awaiting us Before leaving Camp Noble the laclies
5 O F TIIE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIEXT
of 8Iadison prepared and tendered a magnificent and sumptuous dinner to the inen composing the regi-ment On the 15th of Angust orders came to march i~nmedialely to Missouri by way of Indiani~polis 0 1 1
reaching the State Capitol we were withs~~ppllecl tents nrhicli vex pitcl~ed in the western part of the city The roll1 were iinally completed by mustering in the comnlissioried officers of the colnpanies and regiment the latter as fhlloms Colonel Jeff C Davis Lieut Col John A Hendriclcs Major Gor- don 1tnner Atlj~ttarit Oharles L IIolsteinjr Quar- tc~rmaster Elllory Bradley Surgeon Beiij F N e w lalid Assistant Surgeon Joseph A StillveIl
The followirlg were the compai~y officers a t tlie or- ganization of tlie regiment
J E S N I N G S COITKTY-CO A
Captain Blichael (iooding 1st Lieut Leonard Ennis 2nd Lieut David Ennis
JACICSOX COUNTY-CO B
C~ptainThos H Tanner 1st Lieut Jas M Lewis 2nd Lieut Jno F C Tanner
IltOVN COUNTY-CO C
Ctptaia Jas S 1-lester w l ~ o afterit-ards became Lieut Col 1st Lieut W W Browning 2nd Lieut Will A Adams
CLARIlt COTTSTY-CO D
Captain David W Dailey 1st Lieut Wm H 1Zatts 2nd Lieut I N lIaymalier
Bi~ILTIIOLO3IE~VCOUNTY-CO E
Captain Josiali Wilson 1st Lieut Wm 13 Snod- grass 211d Lieut San~ue l 11McBriJe
SVITZEI1IASD COUNTY-CO F
Captain E A Stepleton 1st Lieut Jno 8 Rob-erls 2nd Lieut S S Marquis
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
- --- -- -- -
afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
- - - - PA - -A - -- - - --
tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
-- --
thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
-
skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
-
Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
--
changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
5 O F TIIE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIEXT
of 8Iadison prepared and tendered a magnificent and sumptuous dinner to the inen composing the regi-ment On the 15th of Angust orders came to march i~nmedialely to Missouri by way of Indiani~polis 0 1 1
reaching the State Capitol we were withs~~ppllecl tents nrhicli vex pitcl~ed in the western part of the city The roll1 were iinally completed by mustering in the comnlissioried officers of the colnpanies and regiment the latter as fhlloms Colonel Jeff C Davis Lieut Col John A Hendriclcs Major Gor- don 1tnner Atlj~ttarit Oharles L IIolsteinjr Quar- tc~rmaster Elllory Bradley Surgeon Beiij F N e w lalid Assistant Surgeon Joseph A StillveIl
The followirlg were the compai~y officers a t tlie or- ganization of tlie regiment
J E S N I N G S COITKTY-CO A
Captain Blichael (iooding 1st Lieut Leonard Ennis 2nd Lieut David Ennis
JACICSOX COUNTY-CO B
C~ptainThos H Tanner 1st Lieut Jas M Lewis 2nd Lieut Jno F C Tanner
IltOVN COUNTY-CO C
Ctptaia Jas S 1-lester w l ~ o afterit-ards became Lieut Col 1st Lieut W W Browning 2nd Lieut Will A Adams
CLARIlt COTTSTY-CO D
Captain David W Dailey 1st Lieut Wm H 1Zatts 2nd Lieut I N lIaymalier
Bi~ILTIIOLO3IE~VCOUNTY-CO E
Captain Josiali Wilson 1st Lieut Wm 13 Snod- grass 211d Lieut San~ue l 11McBriJe
SVITZEI1IASD COUNTY-CO F
Captain E A Stepleton 1st Lieut Jno 8 Rob-erls 2nd Lieut S S Marquis
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
- - - - PA - -A - -- - - --
tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
-- --
thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
-
skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
-
Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
6 AN HISTORICAL SKETCH
BARTIIOLOMEW COUNTY-CO G
Captain Squire Isham Keith 1st Lieut Wm M Wiles 2nd Lieut James McGrayel
SCOTT COUBTY-CO 11
Captain P H Je~ve t t 1st Lieut Thos Shea 2nd Lieut Wm Powers
MOBROE COUNTY-CO I
Captain Dttniel Lunderman 1st Lieut J 0 Mc-Collough 2nd Lieut A K Iiavenscrofl
JEFFERSON COUKTP-CO Ilt
Captain Ricliarcl H Lition 1st L i e ~ ~ t I e r r ~ Watts 2nd Lieut Kobert K Smith
On the 17th day of Anxust the 22nd Indiana num- bering 1040 men ranlr and iilt iacladinp a silver cornet bnlicl oi choice musicians marched by rail from Indianapolis and arrived at St Louis the clay followine Onr regiment was so011 to heconle a 130r- tion of the anny of the south-west and destined to take an active part in the exciting events transpiring in that department While crossing the Mississippi upon a nlagniiicent steamer an artist belonging lo one 05 the companies sketched the boat crowded as i t was by the entire regiment and sent the drawing to Harper amp Bros New York where i t was repro duced and published in their weekly Journal of Civ- iliza tion Disembarking froin the steamer the regi- ment marched through the streets ol St Louis arid encamped in the vicinity of the city for tell days during which tinie we drew arms from Jefterson Bar- racks and were joined by the Eighth Indiana under Col 13enton) and the Twenty-Fiftli Indiana under Col Veatch
The south-west part of Missottri 3 few weeks pre- vious to this time liad been the theater of stxife and
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
7 O F TIIK 2 2 ~ 1 )IKD REGIJIENT
inany skirniishes and some severe ei~gagemeiits be- tween the Federal arid Confederate forces bad al- ready take11 place Carthage Booneville ancl Wil- sons creek llacl become historic The latter conse- crated by the blood of the hrave General Lyon and scores of his gallant troops as also the fhrmer were in the possession of the corifederates who flus2iecl -v i th temporary succebs were concentrating a pocv-erful army a t Springfield fkorn wliellce they inadc frequent deinonstratio~is against IZolla ant1 Jefferson City their real oGective poir~t as subsecynently ap- peared being Lexington 125 iniles above the capttal on the Missouri river
Marching by rail from St Louis Aug 26 we soon arrived a t JeKerson City where an attack from the enemy was expected The 18th Indiana Uol Pat- tison which had preceded us the 8th 2211d and 26t11 were organized illto a brigade Uol Davis com- marlding the post as well as the brigade rlecessarily detaclled hinl from his own regiment leaving the 22ncl in coli~rnatid of Col IIendriclrs For tiiree weeks the troops remained here constantly engaged in fielcl nnaneuvres and receiving niilitary inslruc- tion General Freniont cotnniaittler oi the del~ijrt- ment receiving information that Col Mulligan then a t Lexington wit11 300 men was closely besieged by the forces under General Price ordered the troops at Jelrelso~l City to laarch without delay to his relief As i t cvas reported to be a case of emergency the troops packred their baggage and hastily embarked on board of transports arid steamed off up the Mis- souri river leaving JefCcrsoii City on the night of the 18th of September Five cornpallies of [he 22nd had marched by land to Booneville The remaining f i re companies with as maiiy of the 18th Indiana all
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
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till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
under commancl of Col I-Iendricks shipped on the large tranhport War Eagle The remaining compa- nies of the 18th joined the 26th Indiana on board of the Iatan under c o ~ n ~ n a n d of Gol Wheatlpp
Tlle 19th of September was a beautiful clear clay the trarlsports inane fair headway up the rapid cu l rent of the grett Bfissonri Espectdtion and specu-lation were rife among both oficers and nien as they sat in crowclcd groups with arms i n hand in the cabins or upon the decks IVould me be able to reach Lexington in time to relieve the besieged pir- rison If so mas it not probable that the struggle would be desperate and the loss of life in a corres ponding degree Such were the thoughts and reflec- tions that forced themselves upon the mind Tlle novelty of the situation the constant variation of tlie steamers as they steamed the shifting currents thc grand and beautiful scenery ot this far-famed river- all these passed as objects of secondary importance or of trifliug intercst compared with the momentous enterprise in which we were engaged
Passing Boonelrille in the fo~enoon and receiving on board the five companies of our regiment who had marclied thither by land from rumors and the reports of scouts our conlmanding office1s became apprehensive that the boats might be fired upon froin the bluffs of the river or the dense thickets and woocls which in places lined the shores affording excellent opportunities and favorable c o ~ e r t s of the attack of guerrilla bands or larger detacllments of the enemy ordered a heavy guard to stand a t arms upon the hurricane decks and the gunners to be in readiness to man the single howitzer which stood charged upon the lower deck of each steamer The
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
9 O F TIII 2 2 ~ ~I N D REGIJIEXT
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afternoon passed night came on and no hostile dem- orlstration mas made A t GIasgow on the nortli side of the river a small Confederate force was said to be stationed Toward 9 oclock in the evening we had approached within two miles of the place I t was deellleti l~azarclous to proceed Suit l ~ e r ill the night as the near approach to Lexiugton and close pros- imity to the lines of the eneiliy rendered us liable to be ambushed at any nioment Orders were given to lalid the boats and await the conling ol morning The 26th Indiana was half a nlile ill advance Each boat tied up on the north side or the river and threw out a strong picltef ancl reserve the line 01 each be ing that of a seuiiicircle tile right a r ~ d left resting upoil tlir river above and below coveling ancl pro- tecting the approach to each looat which occupied the center of tlie semicircle The fatal disaster that followed was the result of a military blunder in not connecting these picket lines hen established by the proper officers Satisfied as he professed to be that Glasgow was held only by a small force guard- ing a considerable quantity of Confederate itores and munitions of war and tliat there was a sum of $75000 in tlie vaults of the banlr at that place Maj Tanller requested permission of Uol Iiendriclis to be allowed to take a detachment of 500 men proceed by land up the river in the night surprise and cap- ture the town Uol Hentlriclrs who was a cautious prudent man at first relused Tanner who was brave ambitious arid longed for an opportunity to distinguish liiunself urged Itis request till a t length Colonel Hendriclcs reluctailtly yielded his better judgment told Maj Tanner to select five companies and march a t once Clloosing three from the 2211d
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
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tnd t ~ ~ o from the lbth Tanner hi~nself a t Lheir Iicatl disembarked from the boat proccecled through a large field of corn the detachmerlt entercvl tile mroods arid by order of tlie Major halted a f e n nio~llents in order to closc ranls and just as the order to right face and move forward had been given a l~eavy vol- ley of murlietry apparently not ovcr histy ynrtls dii tant was fired into the aclvancing colu~nn Major Tanner fell irom liis horse mortally wouriclecl Or-ders were given to return tlie fire wliich was imnie- d i ~ t e l y done A desi~ltory 2nd rambling fire mas kept up as nearly as I c-onltl estii l~atelor five or ten niinntcs before it was discovered tilat the firli~gcame from tlie picliet aliil reserve of the Xt l i Incliaila and tiat our detlchrncilt was returning the same Tlie general inpression among oliiclrs and men at tlie time was that we ]lac1 lallc~ri illto a11 ambuscade of the enemy nor was tliis impresio~l entirely removed from the minds c ~ f many till late in the afternoon of the sncceediris day Sltocked tnd horrified at the cpectacle preientetl a n order was given to collect our dead ancl wourided arid return to the boat tlie e~ped i t i on being abandoned Mjor Tanner 1nd W A Conrnan mortally and Hugli RButler severely ~voul~( ied were by (letails and ol the 22ntl carried placed upon cots o r 1 board tlie boat 11s we conn-termarclied we passed the two companies of tlie 18th where by the diiri light of the moon we saw two (lead arid three wounded I3y niidnipht order arid quiet were restored Tlie picket lines had been con- nected A lcsson tEmngli a costly one llad heen learned The 22nd lost five lrilled and eight wound- ed So~netinie before clay lliformation came that Dl~~ll igaae ~ t h c r llad surrcndered or was surrounded
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
O F TIIE 2 3 ~ ~IXU REGIMENT 11 -
by sucll an o i -e r~~hcln~ing all efforts force as to re~ider to relieve hiin fruitless A t 3 oclocli I m tile TTar Eagle dropped down six 111ileq to Arrow 12oclr alld a t day light proceetled still lu r t l~er aiitl a t iioon rounded to at Boolierille xv11eie vc heart1 authentic iiitelligence vi the cai)itulalioli of Rlrllligan and tllcl fall of Lcxingtoii I l i e dead bociy 01 CoiGnan lab carried fro111 the boat and hurried a t Booileville Maj T~uner Butler and others wounded were serit forward to tlie I~ospital a t Jeiicrso~l Uity mliere five days afterward tllc Alajor died Gortlon Taiiner Tvas a lawyer by professioii CL m ~ ~ nof liigll order of talent and had bee11 Ideporler of the 811prenle Court of In- diana H e was oi nlediuin 3ize ant1 height of good personal al~pearance bilio~ih telnpernlnent precise in all his moveillei~ts and mariner5 and had lie livclcl woultl doubtless llave beconle a disl~ngnislied oiiicer His reiliair~r mere taliell to the capitol of his State where they were buried nitii tile higiest civic aucl military ho~~orh
The urrender of Mulligan with 3000 men and all the ~r~i l i t a ry stores was it llcavy i)ov to tile Federal cause ill Jlissouri For sl)nie days succeeding Bobne ville JetEerso~i City and ever1 St Louii felt tile alarm Ceer~l Jlrice I~oweci corilented l~iniseli with maliillg a Sew denioi~strations u u l y on our ad vanced posis hy way of coveriilp his retreat to Springfield whither Ite rnovetl his troops and captnr- ed booly Gcrlcral liremont a t once conlmenced to o rgan i e~a pccrrui i i rn~y to attack the enemy x-here- ever found d e t e r ~ ~ i n c d to drive him from if poss~ble the State and to re-establish the Federtf authority throughout Missouri The corn~i~and nlarcheilsoon from Boone~~i l le 10 Otterville on 11163 Pacific railroad
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
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thence to Seclalia near which place tlie regiment re- mained encampment till tlie 20th of October when i t joined the forces of General lh-emoiit then on tlieir illarc11 to Springfield Davis division includ- ing tlie 22nc1 crossecl the Osagc at Warsaw Hard marching over the dusty roads brought 11s to Spring- field on tlie l ~ t of November Greatly out~lumber- ed by the forces of General Freinont Irice withdrew retreating towards Arlransas While either medi- tatin a rapid pilrsuit or some other coulse an order reached General Iremont a t head quarters relieving him from coinnlancl and placing General Hunter in his stead In a Sew days orders were given for the entire army to countermarch and return to our form- er positioas on and along the Pacific railroad the base of sui)plies whit her we arrived before the 20th of November Very Sew members of the 2211d will ever lorget tlie Blackwater expeditiou in Missouri in December 1861 For several days in s~lccession the marching was hard and the excitemeilt intense General Pope cominantlecl but all the honor nntl success of the ailair really belonged to General Davis With a few companies of cavalry a little in advance of the infantry lie intercepted arid captured 1600 Confederate recruits who were erica~~ipecl near Mil- forcl on tlie Blacli~vater and en ro~l te to j o i ~ i Price a t Springfield The next day we marched tliem to the railroad near Georgetown ancl from thence sent tliern by rail to the i~iilitary prison a t St Louis This secured for General Davis the conlmission of a Brig-adier-General The brizvery and fbrtitude exhibited by Itev E i- Wells a private in the ranks se- I cured for hiin the appointment of Cllaplaill by U I I -
animnus recon~mendation of the commissioned oiG- cers of the regiment
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
13 O F TIIE 22271) IND REGIJIIWi
I t was tlieil understood that active operations would be suspended uritil spring and that the army would go into winter quarters General I-lalleck came on as department commander and General Cur t~sas con~mander of the army of the south-west with illstructions to reorganize the troolxi and talre the field at once Our tents atiOttcrville were struck January 26 1862 and the second time me took up the line of marcll for Springfield crossing the Osage a t Linn creek I n four days a junction was formed with General Curtis at Lebanon The army was now 12000 strong in fbur divisions coinmanded respec-tively by Gens Davis Seigel Osterhaus and Carr including flve batteries of six guls each and a few sectious of flying artillery The Confeclerates reported at about the same numbers held the city of Spring- field and it was understood that the final struggle which ~vould determine either the Federal or Con-federate supremacy in south-west Blissouri was about to talre place O n the evening of Feb 11th our ad- vance encountered and drove in the outposts ( ~ f the en- emy within seven miles of Springfield Early next morning our columns were put in motion Deploy-ing to the right and left of the main road our forces moved ca re f~~ l ly and cautiously through the prairies and fields Two miles this side of Springfield the main road passes through a slrirt of timber and un- derbrush of considerable extent shutting off the view from the open ground and the town beyond In this timber we expected to encounter the enemy Ar-riving within half a mile of this our line of battle was formed artillery placed in position and strong
skirmish line of riflemen advanced to draw their fire and thus develop the position of the enemy ASthe
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
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till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
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skirmisl~ers moved forwalJ all eyes were engerl) turned toward the woods On went the skirmisherq till they reilched the edge of the timber when n shout of triumph rezounded along the entire line No en- emy was there Springfield was evacuated Not deeming it safe to risk a batf le Gen Price withtlrew and in two honrs thereafter the flag of the 2211d 111
diana was floating f10112 the dome of the court h o 1 1 ~ in rhe plaza of Springfield Price will1 his army re- treated rapidly toward Arlcansa Curtis army con- menced a vigolor-ks pursuit While ($en Davis di- vision followetl close in pnrquii of the enemy ~vllo had taken the main road to Fol-1 Smith b y way of Fayettevjlle ~21lransa~ Gen Seigelb clivision moved to the left talting a sl~orter route Iioping to inler- cept the enemy and if possible bring on an engape ment Every clay there wzs a sharp sltirin~sli bc- tween our advance ancl the rear guard of the elleiily till reaching Sugar cret~li in ilrkansas our advance pressed hiin so closely that Gen P ~ i c e formed a line of battle seeming deterlnirled to fight While onr forces were forming and ilioving into order Price again withdrew IIacl lbavis not bee11 delayed two hours waiting for Seigelb division to come u p and forin a junction with the other forces there ~vould doubtless have been a battle i ~ t this place Seicel learning too late that he had been betrayed by hii guide hung liim to a tree ancl made haste to conie up Price continued his retrcut to Boston rnoun tains where he was soon reinfbrced by hlcCulloch and Trail Dorn Rains ar~cl Steele McIntoich and Al-bert Pike with 2000 Clierolcee Iltdians nialting 3
force in the aggregate of 30000 men all under coin- mand of Van Dorn T l~ is conibii~ed army con~niei~ced moving northwarcl for the ljurpoie of attacking Gen
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
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Curtis w11ose force I encampet1 on S a p - creek
on the Sprinplelil anti Fort Q~ilitll road irnn~etliately $oath of iea Ridge near Elkl~orri Iavern A citizen ofark an^^^ ~ ttile ljeril of liis life came f hrongh the Confederate lines alltl brouglit infornlation of the sirengtll ant1 approach of the enemy This marl re- niaiiied 11-itlt t lie hinioil nrrny for protectioll till it left the State of hlissouri the iollo~vi~rg sutlanlcr Tile mail line of Gen Curtis army was advantageously posted on tllc nortllern heights of Sugar creek her Aowing westward toward tile Indian Nstlon over- loolring the valley on the sout l~up mliicll the road ran till i t turned northward leaving the valley of the creek allnost at a right angle This angle was occu- pied by a farm liouse ancl outbuilclings which were torn down and a six gull battery planted there de- signed to sweep l he road and valley below Cen C7arrs division was 17laced in reserve on the Spring- field roacl beyond Xllrl~orn Tavern Seigels division was throw11 forward to Bentonville nine miles south- vest to 11ieet tlie advance of t11~ enemy engage hi~ii retard his progress falling back by degrees and if possible draw him within range of our favorable po- sition Early on tlie i ~ ~ o r n i n q lEie 6th of llarcli of the advance of the t ~ v o armies met near Benton-rille arid sliirrnishing began Tlie canno~iadillk could be distinctly heard -onnding nearer and nearer as their heavy c o ~ u n i ~ ~ s l7reiser1 Iorwartl nncl Seigel Sell back Toward the middle of the alternoo~l the firing seeliied to slacken o u r Iorces did nobly Scores of the enemy fell a t every turn of the road Seigels rear nearly joir1cd the lines of our choseri position hen the Confederates t lo~~bt less apprised of the sit- uation ceased to Sollow turned to the left and early
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
16 AS IIISTORICAL SRETCII
on the morning of the 7th made a vigorous attack upon Col Can in the rear at Ellihorli Tavern At the same moment information came from our picliets that IilcCulloch with the Texas Rangers and Louisi- ana troops lilre and McIntosh with their Indians were iiloving on our right rear Uriibcr ortlcrs leav- ing a few companies of the 8th Indiana to hold our worl~s Davis and Osterhans divisions changed front and advanced rapidly through the villige of Lee-town and i11 twenty minutes founcl ourselves ea-gaged with the advance cavalry of the enemy who recoiled under our well cllrected fire and finding themselves in the presence of illfantry iniliiediately turned and retreated One of 0sterliaus7 batteries immediately wheeled into position the 2211d sup-porting and opened fire In a few minutes the bat- teries of tlie enemy opened in reply The cannon-ading now resounded like heavy anti continued peals of awful thunder Shot and shells screamed through the air bursting a11c1 scattering their fragn~ents in every direction Grape and canister rattled through the trees seemingly thicli as hail stones Support-ing a battery which for a time drew the concentra- ted fire of the enemys right wing our position mas one of terrific exposure A ten pound shell from tlie enemys battery took off the head of Corporal dlfrey in the front rank passed through the neck and shoul-ders of his cousin a private in the rear rnnli and without exploding buried itself in the breast of Lt Watts of company K lrilling all three instantly This terrible artillery duel more demora l iz i~~g tliuil de- structive only presaged the more desperate conflict just a t hand The opposing forces of the two arm at last confronted each other in deadly strife d few
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
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till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
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changes in the lines an advance liere a cloeillg up there O n ~ ~ a r dcame Ihe Confederate colurnns toll-
fident in sriperiority 01 their ~ ~ u i n b e r s Tlieir rigllt strucli the left of the 22ncl Volley after volley of muslietry follovecl in rapid succeisiotl The engage-
r 1~ n e n t became general I l ie deaSc)~~ing crash of mus- ketry and rtllly was indescribable Choct nlen ant] true n ere betng lrillecl and wounclec on all sides Tlle left of the rcgirneilt W ~ L Sbeing presscd l)acllt by s u -
periority of numl)ers i lctinq a i aid to (201 He11 dricks lie directed ine to proceed to the right go to Col Pattison of the ISth coinmandinq the brigade report tlie situation request support a l~ t l rctlrrn wit11 orders TIiis was tlie last t ime I ever s aw Col Ileli- dricks alive I I e was on Soot in his pngtper pllce closely observing every rnoveinent lookille well I n
his lines and delivering his ortiers in person ex11)rt- ing his men to be deliberate and courageous I I i i orderly stoocl near 11olding his horse Atljutant l ov-ers had already gone to the relief of tllc left wing and waF still absent I fhuncl Col Iattison 1~1th the 18th Indiana two hundred yards to the riglit the right of the 2211~1 and the left oi the 18th being close- ly engaged with the enemy a t s l ~ o i t range-in htct a sheet of fire volunes of s~nolre ind t l ~ e incessan roar of musketry alnloil stifled our ietlses ant1 shut out tho liglit of the sun Col Patti ion mas dis-mounted looking througli the sampoke and bnrsh Tell Col Hendriclrs said he L - t ~ )Iiolcl liis ~)osit ioi~- to move only a i the 18th moves and to act in con junction with it Iteturning townrtl the poitit at which I had left Col Re~lilriclii after procecdirig halfviay I met his orderly wllo gtatcd that Colonel Hendriclis was Billed the left wing outflanked and
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
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if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
in confusion I soon met Gaptailis Shea Litson and Tdggart who confirmed the statement and were ac- tively engaged in endeavoring to restore order and re-establish the 11ne Major Daily who had been with Col Pattison here came up assumerl com-mand of the regiment and aided by the brave and heroic eKorts of the company comxnanders and en- listed men and prompt support of the ISth the lines were soon restored a battery on our left that had been captured and t i~rned down our lines retalren the enemy driven back and in a short tirne coniplete- ly routed leaving the field with their dead and dying in our possession Generals McCullocli and 3Icln- tosli were both killed in front of our brigade The artillery conlpletely demoralized the Indians wtto proved alnlost useless in the close fighting and who with thousnrlds of others upor1 the loss of their lead- ers stampeded turned about and started back in tlie direction whence they came Our front was cleared -4t bundo~ii Seigels division held in reserve passed through our columns over the bloody field and tool position on Col Carrs lest The fighting in Carrs front had been obstinate all day Tlle Confederates hail driven his division below Ellrhorn 2nd across a field one-third of a mile in width when night put 811
end to the stnfe only to be renewed on the lollow- ing day Tired and weary we lay down to rest Night seemed to set in at once A t midnight Dayis clivision moved one and a half miles and was posted on Carrs right A t daylight our whole army was ill line frontillg the Confederate hosts who elated with their partial success in driving Carr back the pre- vious clap and gaining pos5ession of Elkhorn corrrlt ed upon the certain defeat and capture of rlie army
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
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O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
O F TBE 2 2 ~ ~IND REGIJIKNT 18
of the south-west As soon as dawn tppearc d on the morning of tlie 8th their artillery cornlne~lccd shellirig our baggage camp and tlie froms p r i ~ ~ g s whence our supply of water was obtained Their sharpshooters began yicliirig off our gunners and shooting tiowll the battery horses Hundrecls of our men arid many officers became dizcouraged and thought the clay would soon be lost Our commnt~i- c a t i o ~ ~with Springfield and the north was cut off I t was whispered that Qen Curtis himself consideretl the situation desperate The general officers resolr- ed to risk all arid break their llnes or to perish in tlie attempt Beige1 and Davis were particularly a c t i ~ e r Ihe fornler assumetl coni~nand of all tlie artillery and arranged battery after battery in line t ~ l l thirty pieces six ancl twelve pound guns were in position bearing on the enelnys lines Our infantry support- ed these-in some cases lying down a few paces in advance The position of the Confederate artillerv and line had already been developed Their extreme right battery firing into our camp aiid springs had had been particularly annoying By eight oclocllt everything along our lines wele in reaclinrss Or-derlies passed down and up rncourageing the men Runlors were circulated that Lane anrl ITnnter from Fort Scott xverr llnstening t o our relief with 7000 men A t a given signal our batteriec one after another opened 011 the ruemy concentrating tlle fire of the mliole park on their right Theirs repli ed but ranged along our whole line The cart11 trembled the trees sklaoli and all nature seemctl con ~ulsed 111 tllirty minutes their riglit battery wa i silenced No l ~ u w a n courage could stautl tlie fire which belchecl forth frorr~ Seigels cannon The
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
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01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
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O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
(roydetl ranlis of the enemy were decimated and the battery horses hhot a t their guns but the Con- f ede ra t e~ stflod bravely a t their posts Tlie next I)attcry of the cnerliy now receivrd the undjvided attention of Seigel till i t ceased to re111v Another 2nd another was silenced in close succession and our guns turned upoil the last wlien tlie order was given for both ai tillery cnd infantry to advance i~cross the Gelds tile infiantry to fix bayonets and charge the -oods I~eyond Moving cautiously forward some- t i n~es before and again behind our batteries which itill poured tlieir niurclerous lire into tlie enemys ranks facing and meetirig their st]-aggling fire in re- turn on nearing tlie woods our whole infantry line fired a volley and raising a inigi-ity yell floln one end of the co~nrnand to the other rushed forward met with little further resistance and in twenty minutes and by twelve ocloclc on the Stli the great strucgle that settled the debtilly of affairs in South west llis- sotin and broke the Confederate power in all the ~djacent country was endetl t11 enemy hucl Aed the battle of Pea Ridge was fouglit a ~ i d won and the Union forces triuriiphant
X o pen or tongue can adecluately describe the qcene that followetl iZs tlie venerable Curtis the brave and intrepid Dayis Seigel arid Carr rode down the lines with tlieir hats waiving aloft congratula- t i i ~ g the officers ~ n d men upon their well earned vic- tory they were greeted wit11 entl~usiaqtic clieers and manifest~tions of gratitude And notritIrstanding the Confeclerate dead and dying lay thicli 11poi1 tlie field our luen could not restrain their feelings of ex-ultation and joy a t this great delivera1lcc Tiley boated shook hands embllc~ed each other hu~zi lh rd for tlie lJnio11 and the glorioi~sold flag till the wellcin iang I could compare the scene to nothing Illore fitting tlian a yowerlal camp meeting revival of the days of yore
The Confederates ahantloneti several of their heav iest pieces of artillery threw down tl~ousaiids of their s~na l l arills a great deal of their baggage and
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
OF TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 21ISD ILEGI3IEST
fled in great confusion in tlie direction of Huntsville Arliansns Tlie l~nioli forces went illto camp to rest and attend to the melancholy c111ty of burying our dead This wa dorie by detail The Federal ioss in this battle mas liilled 21 ~vonndrtl972 prison-ers and missing 176 total 1360 The 22nd lost 9 killed and 32 voundecl Tlie Colifederate loss was reported at 1900 ilicludillg 382 prisoi~ers that Sell ~ n t oour hands Of the m a ~ i y brave and gallant dead of our reginlent I may now individually speak Of Col John A EIenclricks who was a faithful and es- teemed personal friend I cannot spealr too highly Be was a nian of good natural arid acquired abilities a classical scholar n graduate of our State Univer- sity ancl a lawyer by profession As a soldier and citizen lie was true hearted generous ancl kiiltl I-lis maaly natnre scorned dece1)tion FranB aiid just no breath of suspicion ever rested on his good naine He possessed the nlodesty of real merit beautifully atid harmoniously united with true manliness of character He never faltered in duty and was ever ready to do good H e possessed escel le~l t social qualities a11 a rde l~ t teniperainent aiicl a genial ]la- tnre Hih perceptive faculties were keen and dis- criminating slow to decide but of firmness of corn-illalldirlg periolial al)pearaiice ant1 agreeable pres- ence EIe possessed the respect and conficlence of the officers tilid of his regimelit IIis body was sent to 1nditna and l~ur ied with the civic anct mili- tary honors due the rank of a colonel of illfantry I Ie rests now ii tlie cenletery of 11Zaclison his native city
AS this is the alirlirersary of ii l ~battle of Pea Ridge 2nd as it mas the first conflict In wliich the 2211d participated I have entered somewhat 11110 the details deeniing i t a ~na l t e r of interest to recount i n some degree the incidents p r cced in~ and connect- ed with the melnorial battle Reinai~l ing011 and in possession of the iield for a few days our sick and wounded were removed twenty-five miles north to Cassville and tile army fire iniles to Cross Timbers
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
near the south line of Ilfissouri The enenly with- drew into the mountains an(3 left the Federal arnly nlasters of Sorth-west Arkansas and South-vest Mis- souri On tlie 6th of April the army left Cross Tim-bers ancl started ou the march across tIic Ozark mountains A t Bulls lfills Capt Gooding joitled the regiment having been promoted to the rank of l1ajor Major Daily was conlmissioned Lieutenant- Colonel At Sulphur IZock near Batesville Gen Davis received llis colnmission as Brigadier General A t this place on the 4th of May we received the news of the battle of Shiloh and In a few days orders for Gen Davis to marc11 his brigade to the nfississip- pi river and thence by transports to Hamburgh Land- ipg near Corinth Reaching the Mississippi it Cape Girarcleau No on tlie 20th the reginlent embarked on the stearner War Eagle moved down entered the Ohio and up) the Tennessee tile fleet arriretl at Hamburgh on the 25th The brigade disernbarlced and under orders marched directly to the front and took position behind the entrenchme~lts of Corinth This place was evacuated on the night of the 29th of May Beauregards retreating army n7a~ pursued south to Boo~leville in the neighborhood of which place we remained one week and then returned to Clear creek near Corinth A t this place by n gel1 era1 order our silver regimental cornet band was discharged from the service arid returned to their homes in Indiana The perils of battle the hard- ships of the march and camp life the common feel- ings of patriotism and close association and friend- ship had endeared them to the entire regiment We parted with them with regret
I pass over the expeditions to Ripley and Bay Springs the four weelis encampment near Jacinto during which time Major Gooding was commiisioned Colonel and assumed con~mandof the regiment General Bragg with a large force had deterrniiied to invade the State of Kentucky and if poss~ble take and sack the city of Louisville This made i t lieces sary for Gen Buell our commander to pursue and
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
--- U P TIIE 2 2 ~ ~ 23IKD REGlJILXT
-
if deemed prudent to bring him to battle Our army crossed the Tennessee at Eastport in North-east Rfis- sissippi marched to Florence in Norther11 Alabai~ia thence by the rriilitary road 110 miles to Nashville reaching there the 10th of September The Confed- erates marclled in neirly parallel colunlns only a few miles distant but both annies seemed more anxious to reach the Ohio river than to risk a battle And thus it vas for nearly 200 rniles to Iouisrille
Near the Manlmoth Cave in IZentncli-y it was Illought the two ariilies would engage So hard pressed was Bragg that he gave up the design of capturing Louisville and t rlrried southward into the blue grass regions ant1 cornn~eilced to pluncler and pillage the country Befhre reaching (ireen river Brapg had out-marched us laid siege to the Federal garrison at Mnmfordsville arid captured the entire force of 4000 men These 111e1l were disarmed pa- roled and the next ~norning marched into our lines as prisoners of war The Confederates being now out of the may Gen Buell hurried or1 to Louisville where the Ullion arniy was reinforcecl by 20000 new troops Here Gen Davis who had left on leave of absence in Mississippi rejoined the army and j~st as he was about to assunle comnand of his division the unfortunate personal clificulty took place be- tween him and Gen Nelson resulting in tlie death of tlie latter Every man in the 2211tl deeply sym pathized with Qen Davis R I I ~believed him fully justifled in tlle course he pursuetl Vliile liere Uapt Iieith nrho had been iwornoted to tho posilion of Major Kas cornmissio~ieil Lieut-Colonel Ilundreds of the boys toollt -fence [urloughs and visitecl their hon~es in the neigliboring counties of Indiana Starting fro~ll Louis~i l le in pursuit of Brafig Oct 1st on the 6th ou r advance attaclietl his forcegt at Ierry- ville in BoyJe county where mas fought one of the most bloody battles of the war Ihe 22nd marched Into line of battle untfer fire at three ocloclr 1) In
forifillt till night wllicli put an enil to the co~i - flict 0 1 1 calling tile roll a t b ocloc1 tllat ~i ight to
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
llearly every other nanie in tlie regiment there was no answer Fifty-two were killed one Ii~~ntlretl and thirty-seven wounded aiicl forty-one taken prisonels Colonel Glboding co~iimandirig the brigade Bas wounded and captured I saw tile brare Licnt -Col Keith who conirnaridcd the regiment Sail from his horse shot through the chest H e requested to be carried to tlie rear ~vliere lie died in a Sew minutes Capt Smith Lieuts Sibbits and 12itllert were I-i led a t the head of their coml~anies Lieut lIcEride dangerously wo~ulded afterlvards died Upoti tie fall of Col Keith Capt Tanner acting as Major took command of tlie regiment Dr~ring the night the Confederates retreated Upon visiting tlie hat- tle field next day a sac1 sight was presented to view The dead of the 22ni1 with llundrecls from other reg- iments lay just as they had fallen Some villi fea- tures calm aud serene others ghastly and cliktorted some mangled and torn others pierced by t single ball Details were ordered and by evening oar brare comrades were consigried to their graves and we who survived were again on tlie mardl in pursuit of the still retreating enemy who had left their dead on the field to be buried by the Uniorl army Ye could not overtake them they escaped froiii Ken- tucky and the Federalarmy marched south to Nash- ville where it was put in comn~and of Gen Iiose crans w11o reorganized i t pieparatory to advancing on the Confederates who still under Bragg had taker1 positioti a t Stone river near Murfreesborough 30 miles south-east of Nashville
I rernernber when at Louisville in September 1862 tlie honored father of Col Iceit11 came to see his son a t the headquarters oi the 22nd LZ true pa-triot himself he felt proud of his son tvho had just been pronioted to the rank of Lieut-Colonel With words of encouragement and involiing the blessing of l ~eaven upon Isliam he bacle hiin a lbr1cl adieu and returned to his llonle in Indiana little thinlring that he waspressing for the last time i n life tlie hand of his affectionate on But so i t mas I n a Sew days
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
--- - - - -- -- --
01 THE 2 2 ISD~ REGIJIEST~ 25 -
thereafter that son fell in a battle at Chapl~in I-lill Col Keith IVJS a patriot not only from sentimeut br l i so fro111 sense of clnty I 1iivc often heard l ~ i r i lsay that he considered i t the duty of every ~iiaiito be loyal and to defeild his country aguillst all foes whether Iortlign or d me4ic IIc died young bat l iwd long enor~gh to clevelop thetl11t ~ ) r l n c i l ) l ~ s of manliood ancl tlie liighest capacity fbr uhcgtiul~less
The great battle that opcned lt Stone river Ilec 31 1862 was of silch maznitatltl Ind iliaport~nce as to interest and c o ~ n ~ n a l ~ d the tho~iglitllll ~ o ~ ~ s i ( l e r a tion of the people Srom one extremity ol the country to the other This qranclest and n~os t s ~ ~ b l i n ~ e sprc tacle in human nature the migllty sll~(ali of two op-posing armies was mitnessetl and pa~ticipatetl 111 t ) ~ the 22nd Jridiana Thaw of us ~ h o were there nil1 [lever forget t h ~ m ~ g h t y evetits that crowcletl the111 selves into the ipace of a Ie~v Ilo~iri on tlie 111or1iillg of the la i t day of the year 1862 liorlr companies mere deployed as sliirtnishers The other six iillctl the space of the regiment hefore tlie atlvnncing col unins of the enemy Col lanner rode forward fifty paces in advance to observe more clowly the move- ments of the foe Dismouatiug for a nlorrie~lt lie was wounded and Sell to the ground ant1 in thirty minutes was made a prisoner by the c o l n a i n ~ of Bragg who with treble force ~ ~ r s l ~ e d our forwir(l bearing everything herore them IVe ob~t inn te ly opposed their advance till C O ~ U I I I I I Swere seen in pla i l~ view marching by the Ilank to our rear Afarty of our men were already killed and xvoniided Cipt S n ~ d ~ r a s s who afterward became Major tnd Calorie1 of the regiment Clpt Iowers Aclqjl~ Xdamstant myselt and others seeinq the folly of a t t e ~ ~ i p t i n g longer to remaill ill front of sucli an orerwllellning force held a brief consnltatioa ancl determined to yield tlie ground fallin kbacli in as gootl order as possible Snodgrass carrylnz tlie colors and bg corn-rnon consent colnmanding the fragme~it of the regi ment remainill (301 Goodin harillg I ~ e c o ~ u ede-tached from tile regiment in tlie confnsion that eve]-y-
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
where prevailed throughoi~t the entire right wing of the army Fighting and fhlling blcli as we did until the last round of ammunition was exhausted just then the hrave arid gallant Gen Rousseau who was striving to restore order and checl the aclvance of the enemy rode up in our front with his hat off sword drawn and bold as a lion conlnlanded and ex- horted the fugitives and retreating colun~ns to re-forln their lines and d r ~ r e back tlie exultant foe U1)ori telling 11im t1iit our am~nunitiori was exhaust- ed lie told us to fall into the rear of his and Negleys tlivisions and t hey would protect us I n a short time our colapanies collected together under Col Good- ing Major Slira brought in the Sour skirmish compa- nies and in the tfkernoo~~ the 22nd resunled poiition in tlie front of tlie right winc Col Wm 11 Wiles Provost 31arqhll of the Army of t l ~ e (umberlclnd and aid to Gen Rospcrilns mas of great service to 11s as well as to thousands of oth(1rs on that day Few men on the fie d were more acti re and niort exposed to shot and shell than he
On Tliursclay 1st ofJanuary 1863 the battle raged fiercely on the center our forces liolding their posi- tion and repelling charge aiter charge of the enemy On Friclay their rnain So ces under Breclienridge was massed against our IefC A t 3 oclock they cime on lilie an avixlanclie Davis division including tlie 22nd was tlirown forward across Stone river to snp- port the left wi)g The Confederates were repulsed arid driven back in coiifniion losing 2000 men in 40 minutes Phis virtually decided the great con-flict The consti~tit and heavy rain of Saturday pre- vented aggressive ~norements on cither side [lie enemy had cletermined to abandon the contest To cover their retreat 011Saturday evening at 8 oclock they mqde a demonstration on our center in which they were repulsed with little loss to us It cozt the enemy the loss of Geii Hansoii and 500 men At daylight Sunday morning Rragg was gone the hat- tle field of Stone river and the city of Murfreesbor- ough were in possession of the Union army In this
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
- - -- ---
O F IBB 2 2 ~ ~ 27I N D RECIATENT
great battle the loss in liilled and wounded was great er on 110th sides t l~ai l in any other battle ill whicil the 22ncl participatcd dnring the war According to the official report of Gen Iltosecrans ille lTedera1 army lost in killetl oifificers 92 elllisted meti 1441 total 1533 in wonndetl officers 38-1 enlisted me11 6861 total 7245 Total killed nntl ~vouiidetl S77h This was over 20 per cent of the entire forre ill kc- tion his entire artily i t ici~~cling infaiitry cavalry ilnd artillery consisting of 46940 men (en Bragz i n his report of the same action states his 105s I over 10000 9000 of ~vliom n ere liilletl ant1 ~ v o ~ ~ n t l e d The losses and esliaustion occasior~eii I)p sucll awful slioclcs as this recjaire time tl) reoraa~iize aiitl ~ ~ ~ c n perate Tlie army ol tlie Cnnibe11and remlinc~tl en- camped near Stone river till the 24th o f June 11 I low-in when (ell Rosecrat~q orcicretl a ibrwnrd move ment on Tul laho~na a~ i i l Cllattanooga Making sonic stubborn resist~nceat 1ibcrtv and Hoovcrs Gaps Bragg was flanliecl o ~ ~ t andof Shelbyville T~~l lahorna Chattanooga Reinforced hy Longstreets corps from Virginia he attacked Rosecrans a t Chicamauga Sept 19 and 20 arid nncler great disadvantages the latter was obliged to retire to Chattanooga and fortify him- self in that place Forming a part of the rear bri-gade the 22nd toctkbut little part in this inernorablc engagement A t the great battle of Aljssionarv Ridge in the la t ter part of November folloving the 22nd tool a p~olllinerit part contributed a lih-era1 share of sacrjfices upon the common altar of our country for the salration of the IJnion Brapg was driven from every position Loolrout bfonntain was carried and tlie entire front cleared of 11l oh stacles for 25 miles southvard This i n a ~ t e r troke of generalship was plantled and esec+ntecl hy (ieli Grant who h ~dlately beell placed at the head of the Unlon army SIlertl~ali coniirig u p wit11 the army of the Tennessee and acting in conjunction with tlie army of the Cumberlanil then nuder tlie comlnand of Gen Thomas Scarcely liad the sho~ts of victory ceased to rirlg ~]olg the Frcleral line when Slier
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
28 AN IIISTORTCAL SKETCH
man with a strong force including the 22d pushed forward to the relief of Burnside then closelybe-sieged by an overwhelming force of the enemy a t Knoxville in East Tennessee The siege mas raised the enemy driven eastward Hnrnsicle relieved and the State of Tennessee occupied by the Union army A t Blaines UIOSS IZoads Col Gooding resigned the reginlent veteranized and returned o n f~lrlough to Indiaila to receive the thanks of the State authori- ties the hearty congratulations of kindred and Sriends t o enjoy the endearments of homes and fan]- illes and a season of respite from the dangers and asperities of the tented field Active operatioris in tlle field were for a time suspended Grant and Shern~anmet a t Cincinnati and planned the Atlanta and Virginia campaiqus
Early in April 1864 the army of Cien Sherman begm to concentrate a t Chattanooga and In the vi- cinity itreparatory to an atlvance on Atlanta Tlie 22nd still in Davis division lalrners corps army of the Camberland Gen Thomas commanding en- camped below the field of Chickamnnga near Lee and Gordons mills The veterans and non-veter-ails and about 100 recruits formed a regirnent fit for any duty to which they might be assigned Col Win M Wiles was in command with Major Shea W111 A Adams Adjutant E B Jones Quarterlnlus ter Joseph A Stillwell surgeon J P Siddall and Nathaniel Beachlev assistant surgeons
About the 5th of May the magnificent army of Gen Sherman started forward on the memorable Atlanta campaign There were not far fiorn 90000 men most of them veteriins under experienced of-cers and with all the necessary appointments and equipme~lts requisite to success The principal hat- tles and engagements wncl eve11 the details of this ca~lpaign are so famillar to the mind znd ilitervoven with the experience of those who participated in it that however disposed to do so time will not mar rant a recapitulation oS these grand and stirring events on the present occasion Gen Joe Johnson
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
--
O F THE 2 2 INl) ~~ KEGIlfJCNT 29 -
with 60000 men disputed our advance night and day for Sour ~nonths A t Tunnel Hill May 7t j l Rocky Face May 9h battle of Resaca May 15th and at Rome May 17th
The city of Rome Ga was not on the direct route to a t lan ta but was situated 15 miles to the riglit at the junction of tile Ousteriaula an I-liphtower rivers Here the Confederates had a divisictn under Gen French protected by strong forts and earthworks Gen Davis divisiolr was fletaclied and ordered to take Rome This was done on the afternoon of the 17th after a spirited engagement of half an hour While leading the charge Go] Wiles received a wound in the left arm from a musket ball About the same time Major Shea was wonnded in the throat These officers both remained in their places till the action termiiiatecl in the flight of the enemy Sheas wound proved hut slight Wiles however na s se-
rious and severe disabling him from further service during the war and resulting in permanent (1iiak)il- ity for life Five Inen in tlie 22nd were killed and 14 wounded IZejoining the main army participated in the battle of Dallas May 27th 13 Shanty Jui~e 13th charge on the enemys worlis at Iltensiesav Mountain Jurie 27th 111 this actioli the regirllent mas cominarlded by Col Snoclgrass Though the 22nd lost less in Billed and wounded 011 tllis occasioll than in other less inll)ortant battles t h i i was un doubtedly the most fatal battle to the command (McCooBs brigade) that i i anywhere recorded or impressed upon the memory of your speaker Out of 2100 ra~l l i and file the brigade lost nearly 700 i n killed wourlded and missing Captain Fesler and Lient Afayfield were severely wountled The brave Capt Moss of Co G 1va7 killed with twelve of the non-commissionecl officers and privates Though we did not break their lines we took their rifle pits and by the night of the 3rd of Ju ly would ha re mirled and blow11 up their worlis when the enemy again fell back to the Chalachoochie and after a slight skjrmisll here on the 7th retired behind their works
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
30 AN IIISTORICBL SKETCII
in fronl of Atlanta On the 19th of July oclaurred tlie bat tle of Peach Tree creek This will be remem- bered as a desperate engagement Hood attempted to loreali our lines and drive Sherman back across the Chatalioochie In this lie failed tliough inflict- ing considerable dan~age on our troops Col Shea received a severe wound resulting in the loss oi his fhro-arni disabling him for life
The battle of Jonesboro Scpt Ist in which the brave Lient Lindson was killed ended this celebra- ted campaign broke the lines of the enemy and re- sulted in the fall arid cauitulatio~i of Atlanta and the occupation of the city iythe Federal army Sept 2 1862
Thongh pages were not enough in wliich to re-count the suflerings and heroic deeds tlie love of country and patient entlnrancr i t must be left t o other at future reunions of the 22nd to clironicle the incidents ~Birmislles and battles in wliich tlie regirnent was engaged on its famous march with Sherman to the cea-the siege of Savannah battle at Averysboro and at Bentonville arid alter the final surrender of Johnsons army tlie triumphant march of the 14th corps under Davis now a Rfajor General through Virginia to Washington where early in the month of June 1865 it was m~xsterecl out of the service tnd returning to Indiana wa5 publicly received by the citizens of Indianapolis on the 16th of June addressed by Gov tIorton and Gen Hovey and others after which i t wits finally discharged from the qervice
OF all the reqiments leaving Indiana and partici- ptting in the strugqle of the great rcbdllion the re- poi-ts of Ailjutant-General Terrell show that the loss es in kille 1 rind wounlle 1 in action among thtl Geld and line officers of the 221id exceeded those of any other Indiana regiment In the ranlss the proportion is equally large
And now comradesand brothers having sketched I mere outline only of the regiment from its organ- ization through its marches sliirmishes and battles
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
31 OF TIIK 2 9 ~ ~IND REGIJIENT
_C_--
till the close of the war ancl final discliarpe of its members noted the officers who were Billed or wounclecl allow me to mention the names of the non- comn~issionecl officers and privates of the companies who fell a sacrifice upon the altar of their country and who sleep many of t h e m in nnmarliecl and un- known graves
Company A Gibbs and Henry Uo B Applegat(gt Allen Brown Burge Rlitcheli Blay Wlrhite Rf(8Con- nell Wooclall ancl blalr Co C Dagpp Acla~ns Brn- ner Dnbois I I i t ~ ~ i l t o n Iieynold Wecldell and White- horn Co D Sergt IVatkins Kandain T)ison Nit- chell Phifer Stevens and Cansley Co IltKicely Madden Drisland nforrison M111in Nerrimon Schmiclt IIarrison flays ancl Love Co F Davii Longfellow Cole Cook Ellis (lrahain Locke 14nr raj7 Iadgett Ilummer Iiorers Silnmondq Spraguc Wilcox Taylor and Womsley Co ( All~ert Ilom- ler Cuinmings Henry Iceck Kelley Magl~old Blik- el Rowen Rucker Se1ick arid Ward Go 11 Iinox Holmes Somerville John Clark F RI Clarli I lar lorn Hooker Itnde Sitlehottoni Tallus and Baldwin Co I Qardner Miller Coffey Gray Fulton Iettuq Mayfield Taylor Clark ant1 Lyon Co Ilt I-lenly Alfrey i lbram 17 Jf Alfi-ey Adan~s Wni Bi~nta John Hanta W A Banta three brntliers Coon IIall MaGee Record Sutton Whitta and Iickett
Besides those who dic~d in battle sc80reb of others were wourlded and afterwartl diecl in 21ospitals Illany fell by the hand of diselse dying ill c3anlp or hospit- al far away from home and loved oneq Tlieir names are fan~iliar to IIS and in memory we call u p their features and long as we live will we cherish tlie recollection of their hrave deeds anti heroic devo-tion 10 the priv~te soldier the fairest meed of pl-aise is due I n tlie absenceof inst1 rlction and dis- ciplitle of old armies and of the confidence whicl~ lorig association produces between vetcrani we have in a great measure to trust to the individuality and self-reliance of the private soldier Without the in- centive or lnotive which controls tlie officer who
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
hopes to live in history M itliout the hope of reward and actuated only by a sense of duty and atri riot ism he has in the great contest which i- past justly judged that tlie cause was his own and went into it with a determination to suppress the Great Rebel- lion or to die t o save his courltry or not to k~e at all No ericomiiim is too high no lroilor too great fhr such a soldiery However much of credit and glory mag be given and probably justly given to our leaders in this great struggle llistory will yet award the main honor where i t is due-to the private soldier who without hope of reward and with no other in- centive than a consciousness of rectitude has en-countered all tile hardships and sulrered all ihc pri- vatioiis of a four years war that his country might still live and hold its high position among the na- tions of the earth Those of us men and officers who survive greet each other on tlis occasion with the feelings of a coinmon brotherhood We strBe hands and greet each other as brothers We talk of the field the march the bivouac and the battle When first we met there were no scarred faces empty sleeves and shattered linlbs For a lollg time these mementoes of our sacrifices mill meet our sight Much as we have suffered and endured there is not one here to-day who would ha re suKered less or who does not look back with feelings of pride uad patriotism when he thililrs of what he has done for his country I tell you my comracles ant1 blothers that hard and dangerous as were the fatigues aritl difficulties of tlie long years of service in t lie war I regard them as the rnost honorable and glorious of my life While we who have returned and who for years have eaten of the delicacies prepared by the harids of love arid gratitude as we meet at our re- unions we mill call to mind the name and virtues of the unreturning We will remember then with uncovered heads We will cherish them in our inem- ories and p e r p e t ~ a t ~ e their deeds upon the pages of history
