JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Graham C. Walker, Editor in Chief (1996)Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

Cambridge, Mass.

Terrance J. Beveridge, Editor (1997)University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada

James G. Ferry, Editor (1996)Virginia Polytechnic Institute and

State University, Blacksburg, Va.

Dan Fraenkel, Editor (1996)Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

VOLUME 175 DECEMBER 1993 * NUMBER 24

Susan Gottesman, Editor (1994)National Cancer Institute,

Bethesda, Md.E. Peter Greenberg, Editor (1996)University of Iowa, Iowa

City, IowaCarol A. Gross, Editor (1995)University of Wisconsin,Madison, Ws.

Dale Kaiser, Minireview Editor (1994)Stanford University School of

Medicine, Stanford, Calif.

A. L. Sonenshein, Editor (1995)Tufts University, Boston, Mass.

Kenneth N. Timmis, Editor (1997)GBF, Braunschweig, Germany

Robert A. Weisberg, Editor (1995)National Institute of ChildHealth and HumanDevelopment, Bethesda, Md.

EDITORIAL BOARDSankar Adhya (1993)Michael Apicella (1995)Stuart J. Austin (1993)Barbara J. Bachmann (1993)Douglas E. Berg (1994)Robert W. Bernlohr (1994)Volkmar Braun (1995)Richard Calendar (1994)George M. Carman (1994)Sherwood Casjens (1994)Trinad Chakraborty (1994)Wendy C. Champness (1994)Mick Chandler (1993)Nyles Charon (1995)Keith F. Chater (1994)Terrance G. Cooper (1993)David L. Coplin (1995)Donald Court (1994)R. L. Crawford (1993)John E. Cronan, Jr. (1995)Jorge H. Crosa (1994)Stanley J. Cryz, Jr. (1994)Richard D'Ari (1994)Dennis Dean (1995)Victor de Lorenzo (1994)Bruce Demple (1994)Patrick P. Dennis (1993)Miguel A. de Pedro (1993)William D. Donachie (1994)Timothy Donohue (1993)Ron J. Doyle (1994)Daniel Dykhuizen (1994)S. Dusko Ehrlich (1994)Rudolf Eichenlaub (1994)Lindsay D. Eltis (1994)Bert Ely (1994)Wolfgang Epstein (1993)Jeff Errington (1994)Jorge Escalante-Semerena (1994)David H. Figurski (1993)Susan H. Fisher (1994)

Patricia L. Foster (1993)Michael G. Fried (1994)David I. Friedman (1995)Barbel Friedrich (1993)Clement Furlong (1993)Robert Gennis (1994)Costa P. Georgopoulos (1993)Jane Gibson (1994)Larry Gold (1994)Susan Golden (1994)Richard L. Gourse (1994)Nigel Grindley (1993)Alan Grossman (1994)Robert P. Gunsalus (1993)William Haldenwang (1994)Richard S. Hanson (1994)Shigeaki Harayama (1993)Caroline Harwood (1995)Robert Haselkorn (1993)Gerald L. Hazelbauer (1993)George D. Hegeman (1994)Roger Hendrix (1995)Hauke Hennecke (1995)C. F. Higgins (1993)Joachim-Volker Holtje (1993)Karin Ippen-Ihler (1993)Edward E. Ishiguro (1994)Klaus Jann (1995)Gerald Johnston (1993)Robert J. Kadner (1995)Clarence I. Kado (1994)Noel Keen (1994)Patricia Kiley (1994)H.-J. Knackmuss (1993)Roberto Kolter (1994)Wil N. Konings (1993)Dennis J. Kopecko (1993)Susan F. Koval (1994)Terry Ann Krulwich (1993)Carol Kumamoto (1993)Harald Labischinski (1995)

Joseph Lam (1994)Roger C. Levesque (1994)Mary E. Lidstrom (1993)Lasse Lindahl (1993)John W. Little (1995)Jack London (1993)Sharon Long (1995)Stephen Lory (1995)Paul S. Lovett (1993)Paul W. Ludden (1993)Robert Macnab (1994)Peter Maloney (1995)Martin Marinus (1995)Millicent Masters (1995)Abdul Matin (1993)Philip Matsumura (1995)Russell Maurer (1993)John Mekalanos (1994)Paul Messner (1993)Charles G. Miller (1994)Virginia Miller (1994)Shoji Mizushima (1994)Charles P. Moran, Jr. (1994)Edward A. Morgan (1993)Gisela Mosig (1994)Francis E. Nano (1994)Dale Noel (1994)Staffan Normark (1994)Dennis Ohman (1994)Gary Olsen (1994)John S. Parkinson (1993)Thomas R. Parr (1994)Anthony Pugsley (1994)Juan L. Ramos (1993)Linda Randall (1993)William Reznikoff (1995)Gary P. Roberts (1993)Jeffrey Roberts (1995)Charles 0. Rock (1993)Lucia B. Rothman-Denes (1995)

Kenneth E. Rudd (1994)H. Steven Seifert (1994)Peter Setlow (1993)Hideo Shinagawa (1994)Howard A. Shuman (1994)Michael Silverman (1995)Gerald Smith (1994)Issar Smith (1993)G. Dennis Sprott (1995)Catherine Squires (1993)Gary Stacey (1994)David Stahl (1993)Brian Staskawicz (1993)Robert Steffan (1993)Michel Steinmetz (1994)Valley Stewart (1994)Susan C. Straley (1994)Anne 0. Summers (1993)Robert Switzer (1993)Andrew Taylor (1994)Nancy Trun (1994)Trevor R. Trust (1994)Charles L. Turnbough, Jr.

(1993)

Ronald Unterman (1994)Mark Walker (1993)Judy D. Wall (1993)Barry Wanner (1993)Chris M. Whitfield (1995)William B. Whitman (1994)David Wilson (1995)Stephen C. Winans (1994)Malcolm Winkler (1994)C. L. Woldringh (1993)Richard E. Wolf, Jr. (1995)Hans Wolf-Watz (1994)John L. Woolford (1994)Henry C. Wu (1993)Ryland Young (1993)Takashi Yura (1994)Howard Zalkin (1994)

Barbara H. Iglewski, Chairman, Publications Board Linda M. Illig, Director, JournalsPatrick N. Lacey, Production Editor Catherine E. Blickendorfer, Assistant Production Editor

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AMERIcAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGYAND

NATIONAL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES

1994 POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHASSOCIATES PROGRAM

Up to ten associate positions will be awarded by the American Society for Microbiologyfor full-time research on infectious diseases which cause significant public health problems.Associates will perform research in residence at the National Center for Infectious Diseases(NCID) which is headquartered at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)in Atlanta, GA. In addition to Atlanta, NCID operates laboratories in Ft. Collins, CO,Anchorage, AK, and San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Eligible fields of study include: Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Viral and RickettsialInfections, Nosocomial Infections, HIV/AIDS, Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, SexuallyTransmitted Diseases, and Parasitic Diseases.

The program is intended for individuals who have held a doctorate degree (Ph.D., Sc.D.,or M.D.) since, but not earlier than, May 1, 1991. Exceptions may be made for thosewith more experience. The programn is open to both U.S. and foreign citizens. Qualifiedapplicants will receive consideration without regard to race, creed, color, age, sex, ornational origin. Diversity among associates is encouraged. The program provides anannual stipend ranging fromn $28,000 to $33,000 and up to $2,000 for professionaldevelopment.

The application deadline is February 1, 1994. The Postdoctoral Research Program isadministered by the American Society for Microbiology. All inquiries regarding thisprogram should be addressed to: Coordinator, Postdoctoral Research Program, AmericanSociety for Microbiology, 1325 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005;(202) 942-9299.

A

AMERICAN SOCIETY CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROUNATIONAL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS [ISEASESFOR MICROBIOLOGY AND PREVENTION

I

U

m I.

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Author Index

Abeles, Ann, 7801Adamec, Jifi, 8049Akiyama, Yoshinori, 7771Alifano, Pietro, 8030Allardet-Servent, Annick,

7869Aramaki, Hironori, 7828Austin, Stuart, 7801

Baba, Tadashi, 7771Barth, Mechthild, 7910Beer, Steven V., 7958Billings, Diane E., 7842Bisercic, Marina, 7863Bjork, Glenn R., 7776Blanco, Gloria, 8043Bott, Kenneth F., 7918Boylan, Sharon A., 7931Brendler, Therese, 7801Brian, Paul, 8043Brody, Margaret S., 7931Brown, Kit L., 7951Bruni, Carmelo B., 8030

Cashel, Michael, 7982Cavaignac, Sonia, 7968Chaloupka, Jiri, 8049Chang, Ming, 7880Chater, Keith F., 8043Chu, Shijian, 7968Cieslewicz, Michael J., 8018Cohen, Seth P., 7856Cohen, Stanley N., 7834

Daniel, Steven L., 8008de Haan, Louise A. M., 7976Doty, Sharon Lafferty, 7880Downard, John, 7762Drake, Harold L., 8008Dubreuil, Daniel, 8000Dumas, France, 8000

Emerson, David, 7808, 7819

Feutrier, Josiane, 7968Foulds, John, 7856Fuchs, James A., 7990

Gaastra, Wim, 7976Gandhi, Ami J., 8014Gentry, Daniel R., 7982Ghiorse, William C., 7808,7819

Ghosh, Sudhamoy, 8024Goguen, Jon D., 7901Goldfine, Howard, 8014GoBner, Anita, 8008Gulletta, Elio, 8030Gustafson, Corinne E., 7968

Hagg&rd-Ljungquist,Elisabeth, 7848

Hancock, Robert E. W., 7793Hart, Mark E., 7875Hengge-Aronis, Regine, 7910Hernandez, V. James, 7982Hidaka, Makoto, 7945Hoe, Nancy P., 7901Horak, Rita, 8038Horiuchi, Tadao, 7828Hosoi, Masaharu, 7828Hotte, Barbara, 7786Hu, Ping-Chuan, 7918Huang, Hongjin, 7793Hutchison, Clyde A., III, 7918

Iandolo, John J., 7875Ingmer, Hanne, 7834Ito, Koreaki, 7771

Jacques, Mario, 8000Jarvill-Taylor, Karalee J.,

7842

Jensen, Debra B., 7982Jordi, Bart J. A. M., 7976Jumas-Bilak, Estelle, 7869

Karayan, Lucie, 7869Kasak, Lagle, 8038Kil, Ki-Soo, 7762Kivisaar, Maia, 8038Koplin, Reinhard, 7786Kozaki, Michio, 7945

Lamblin, Anne-Francoise J.,7990

Lange, Roland, 7910Lavitola, Alfredo, 8030Levy, Stuart B., 7856Li, Zusheng, 8000Limauro, Danila, 8030

Mandal, Asim Kumar, 8024Masaki, Haruhiko, 7945M6ndez, Carmen, 8043Michaux-Charachon, Sylvie,

7869Milosc, Mariarosaria, 8030Minion, F. Chris, 7842

Nealson, Kenneth H., 7938Nester, Eugene W., 7880Nguyen, Lam H., 7982Niimura, Youichi, 7945Nurk, Allan, 8038

Ochman, Howard, 7863Ohnishi, Kenji, 7945op den Camp, Ingrid E. L.,

7976

Pereda, Ana, 8043Persson, Britt C., 7776Perussia, Bice, 8014

Peterson, Scott N., 7918Price, Chester W., 7931Priefer, Ursula B., 7786Puhler, Alfred, 7786

Ramaswamy, Srinivas V.,7762

Ramuz, Michel, 7869Redfield, Ann R., 7931Rivellini, Flavia, 8030Rosner, Judah L., 7856

Saffarini, Daad A., 7938Sagara, Yasuhiro, 7828Salas, Jose A., 8043Sedlak, Miroslav, 8049Seifritz, Corinna, 8008Smeltzer, Mark S., 7875Spudich, John L., 7755Steenbergen, Susan M., 8018Stewart, Charles R., 7887Suzuki, Hideo, 7945

Talvik, Kersti, 8038Taura, Tetsuya, 7771Tigges, Eli, 7842Trust, Trevor J., 7968

Uchimura, Tai, 7945Uozumi, Takeshi, 7945

van der Zeijst, Bernard A.M., 7976

Vimr, Eric R., 8018Vinter, Vladimir, 8049Voburka, Zdenek, 8049Vohradsky, Jifi, 8049

Wang, Ge, 7786Wei, Ping, 7887Wei, Zhong-Min, 7958

Yarita, Yasutaka, 7945Yu, Anna, 7848

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The following have served as invited special reviewers for the Journal during the period from September 1992 to September1993, and their help is greatly appreciated.

Ann AbelesJulius AdlerNina AgabianShin Ichi AizawaPeter A. AlbersheimH. AldrichR. AllmansbergerGiovanna F.-L. AmesOrna Amster-ChoderBob AndersonRobert AnkenbauerWerner ArberKim ArndtArthur I. AronsonAlan G. AtherlyFrederick AusubelHubert BahlHenry V. BakerTania BakerThomas BaldwinD. BalkwillRichard BaltzAlan G. BarbourMartin BardJames BardwellDouglas BartlettDeepak BastiaSir Alan BattersbyJohn BattistaCarl BauerJ. A. BaumEdward A. BayerManfred E. BayerMargret BayerKenneth BaylesSamuel BealeDavid H. BechhofferAndrew BeckerJonathan BeckwithSteven BeerP. BeguinM. Robert BelasJoel G. BelascoBoris BelitskyAndrew BellGuy BellemareSpencer BensonRoland BenzClaire BergHoward BergSven BergstromMaurice BessmanMary BetlachMarsha J. BetleyMervyn J. BibbTom BickleM. BirnbaumLinda F. BissonLindsay BlackDavid BlairF. BlancheMartin J. BlaserFrederick BlattnerIan BlomfieldBarry BloomAugust BockUlla Bonas

Winfried BoosJames L. BotsfordKenneth BottH. BoucherieJ. M. BoveH. BradeBianca BrahamshaMarjorie C. BrandrissMary BrawnerHans BremerPatrick J. BrennanDavid E. BrilesJ. Broome-SmithGene BrownMary BrownStanley BrownWilliam S. BrusilowDonald A. BryantHenri BucChristine E. BuchananJ. T. BuckleyBernd BukauRichard BurgessStephen BusbyRichard BushmanRonald A. ButowMark ButtnerF. CabelloEnrico CabibStephen B. CalderwoodH. D. CaldwellJoseph M. CalvoAllan CampbellJanne CannonMichael CaparonRussell CarlsonBruce CarltonLucien CaroMalcolm J. CasadabanMichael CashelF. CastilloRobert CedergrenAl ChakrabartyAnanda ChakrabartyMichael J. ChamberlinHenry F. ChambersGlenn ChamblissBruce ChassyArun ChatterjeeDhruba ChattorajS. ChhatwalChris ChoquetGail ChristieGordon ChurchwardJohn ClarkJosephine Clark-CurtissJ. P. ClaverysP. Patrick ClearySteven CleggDonald B. ClewellAmikam CohenSeymour CohenStanley CohenJeffrey A. ColeJ. CollinsAlan CollmerTyrrel Conway

A. CookDonald CookseyStephen CooperGuy CornelisS. D. CosloyJames W. CoultonPatrice CouvalinCharles D. CoxMichael CoxNicholas R. CozzarelliAlain J. CozzoneMarolaine CrabeelElizabeth CraigNancy CraigJ. CreuzetRobert CrouchLaszlo CsonkaEric CundliffeRichard CunninghamStephanie E. CurtisRoy Curtiss IIISimon CuttingAlan DahlbergAlbert E. DahlbergJames DahlbergM. Fevzi DaldalWalter S. DallasAntoine DanchinGeoffrey DanielLacy DanielsAsis DasBarrie E. DavidsonJulian DaviesMatthew DavisRowland H. DavisFrans J. de BruijnValerie de CrecyPieter de HasethArnold L. DemainJohn A. DeMossJean DenarieTimothy DennyRichard DeonierVojo DereticAlan DermaMurray P. DeutscherJoseph DeutscherRaymond DevoretW. M. de VosJ. R. DickinsonBorge DiderichsenGary DittaN. E. DixonBernhard DobersteinRoy DoiJohn DonelsonJacob A. DonkerslootW. Ford DoolittleLaszlo DorgaiThomas J. DoughertyJohn DownardGerhart L. DrewsAdam DriksKarl DrlicaDavid DubnauJames L. DuncanPaul Dunlap

Gary DunnyMartin DworkinKevin DybvigAnitol EberhardRichard H. EbrightBarry EganDavid S. EisenbergEric EisenstadtAbraham EisenstarkDavid J. EllarRichard P. EllenThomas ElliottClaudine ElmerichScott EmrJoanne N. EngelHannah Engelberg-Kulka

D. R. EngelkeKarl H. EngesserDon G. EnnisJerald C. EnsignB. EnsleyK.-D. EntianJohn EssigmannJoseph 0. Falkinham IIStephan K. FarrandJ. FaustMichael FeissEigemop FerraroJoseph J. FerrettiGrant FerrisRobert H. FillingameMarcin FilutowiczTurlough FinanLloyd R. FinchGerald FinkB. Brett FinlayW. FinnertyRobert FisherCecil ForsbergSimon J. FosterD. Fothergill-GilmoreAgnes FouetJohn FouldsGeorge E. FoxMaurice S. FoxCarl E. FraschDavid FreedmanM. FreundlichJoachim FreyIrwin FridovichJim FriesenLaura FrostG. FuchsJames A. FuchsG. F. FuhrmannW. Claiborne FuquaMasamitsu FutaiRichard F. GaberAlessandro GalizziDarrell R. GallowayCarlos GancedoJuana M. GancedoSerge GangloffJeffrey GardnerSusan GargesCynthia Gawron-Burke

E. Peter GeiduschekMartin GellertStanton GelvinPhilipp GerhardtWilliam C. GhiorseJean Marie GhuysenSarah P. GibbsDavid T. GibsonPeter GiesbrechtPeter GilbertSteve GiovannoniAlex GlaserGad GlaserW. GoebelJon GoguenAlfred L. GoldbergJames GoldenHoward GoldfineR. GoldmanPaul GollnickJuan GonzalezSteve GoodmanJessica A. GormanEmil GotschlichF. GotzStephen GouldLori L. GrahamEdith B. GrallaJay D. GrallaGuido GrandiChristopher GreenJack N. GreenblattMarcelle GrensonJack GriffithP. GrimontLeo GriniusLeonard GuarentePatricia Guerry-Ko-pecko

J. R. GuestDonald GuineyRadhey GuptaGary N. GussinRobin GutellDavid GutnickC. GuzmanCarlton GylesDieter HaasR. HaasTed HackstadtL. HagerRegine HakenbeckBarry HallRuth M. HallRobert E. W. HancockPauline S. HandleyJ. Norman HansonGeorge HarauzWilliam HarderRasika M. HarsheyThomas P. HatchWesley G. HatfieldGraham F. HatfullStanley M. HattmanMargo HaygoodKevin C. HazenJohn Hearst

Brent HeathMichael HeckerLars HederstedtFred HeffronJ. A. HeinemannJ. HeinonenDonald R. HelinskiJohn HelmannCharles HelmstetterRegine Hengge-AronisSteven HenikoffTina HenkinDennis HennerU. H. HenningSusan A. HenryJ. B. HicksMichael L. HigginsN. Patrick HigginsPatricia HigginsJ. HillmanAlan HinnebuschDebra HintonAnn HirschJames HochAnn HochscheldH. Hoffmann-BerlingM. HofleMaurice HofnungHerman HofteI. Barry HollandMichael HollandRawle I. HollingsworthWilliam HollomanBruce HollowayStanley C. HoltA. HoltelM. HommaJenshiang HongDenis HookAlan HooperT. HooverDavid A. HopwoodSueharu HorinouchiMartha HoweMichael C. HudsonColin HughesDiarmaid HughesKelly T. HughesF. Marion HulettScott HultgrenC. Richard HutchinsonMichael J. HynesMaurizio IaccarinoJohn J. IandoloAsao IchigeLuis IelpiBarbara IglewskiJohn IngrahamLonnie 0. IngramMasayori K. InouyeSerban lordanescoRalph IsbergAkira IshihamaKiyoshi IsonoMitsuhiro ItayaJunetsu ItoWilliam R. JacobsGary JacobsonGeorge JacobyJudith A. JaehningLionel F. JaffeHolger JannaschD. Janssen

Ken F. JarrellJann JaworskiHarry J. JenningsKaj Frank JensenDing JinByron F. JohnsonErik JohnsonReid C. JohnsonL. H. JohnstonMark JohnstonElizabeth W. JonesC. M. JoyceH. Ronald KabackJagath KadurugamuwaJon KaguniRegine KahmannHeidi B. KaplanSamuel KaplanEva KashketLeonard KatzJohn KeenerEduard KellenbergerDavid J. KellyKatherine KendrickChristina KennedyEugene P. KennedyMichael J. KennedyDavid E. KennellM. KerteszMartin KesselG. KeuschSaleem A. KhanShahid KhanTobias KieserRoy KisliukT. R. KlaenhammerNancy KlecknerPer KlemmAndre KlierBruce KlineChristophe J. KnowlesArthur KochTohru KodamaTerry KoehlerTokio KogomaPaul E. KolenbranderRichard D. KolodnerA. KonopkeMichael KoomeyArnost KotykSteve KowalczkowskiRobert KranzDuncan KrauseNicholas M. KredichMatthias KretschmerHenry KrischLee KroosJoseph KrzyckiPeter L. KuempelFrank KunstM. B. KurtzSidney KushnerSydney G. KustuK. J. Kwon-ChungAgnes LabigneR. LagunasRobert LahueRichard LamontRobert C. LandickArthur LandyG. J.-M. LanguinErich LankaJacques Lapointe

R. A. LarossaDavid LaudenbachC. LawrenceRobert LawtherA. LazdunskiC. LazdunskiP. F. LeadleyJohn LeighT. LeisingerJoseph W. LengelerK. LerchDidier LereclusThomas LessieB. R. LevinStuart B. LevyMargaret LiebDavid LilleyEdmond C. C. LinSteven E. LindowLars G. LjungdahlD. LloydRobert LloydReggie LoPeter C. LoewenGeorge LorimerSylvie LortalStephen LoryRichard LosickR. LottenbergDavid LowK. Brooks LowWerner LubitzBenjamin LugtenbergMichael LundriganH. LunsdorfDwayne LunsfordJames LupskiJoseph LutkenhausGeorge MackieBoris MagasanikRobert MaierMichael MalamyStanley MaloyJack ManiloffP. ManningMichael MansonNicholas MantisMohammed MarahielPaul E. MarchRobert E. MarquisJuan F. MartinRowena MatthewsAnn MatthysseAnthony MaurelliMichael MauriziFrank MayerLee McAlister-HennLinda McCarterMichael McClellandWilliam R. McClureCharles McHenryMark A. McIntoshL. L. McKayRoger McMackenLaura McMurrayJack MeeksEdward MeighenMichael J. MerrickRichard J. MeyerCorinne A. MichelsRoger MilkmanJeffrey MillerKaren Miller

Robert V. MillerSamuel MillerS. R. MiloyL. MindichF. Chris MinionNigel P. MintonAaron P. MitchellKiyoshi MizobuchiT. MizunoKiyoshi MizuuchiHarry L. T. MobleyPaul L. ModrichAnne MoirJudy MongoldM. MonodThomas J. MontvillePeter MooreDonald MorrisonLeonard MortensonRichard MoxonTarek MsadekJohn MuellerHelios MurialdoA. W. MurrayNoreen MurrayR. G. E. MurrayJames MusserRichard MussoVasanatha NagarajanTaiji NakaeYoshi NakamuraMichiko NakanoNanne NaningaHoward NashKenneth NealsonNorma NeffFrederick C. NeidhardtDouglas NelsonEugene W. NesterJan NeuhardFrancis C. NeuhausAustin NewtonAlexander NeyfakhJ. B. NielandsSandra Nierzwicki-Bauer

Hiroshi NikaidoAlexander J. NinfaB. Tracy NixonHarry F. NollerC. NombelaKurt NordstromSteven J. NorrisNancy NossalRichard P. NovickPer NygaardHoward OchmanGerald O'DonovanTomoko OgawaWilliam L. OgrenDonald B. OliverMaynard V. OlsonRonald H. OlsonSatoshi OmuraAmos OppenheimGeorge OrdalM. OrlowskiPaul OrndorfL. Nicholas OrnstonC. OrserMary J. OsbornMarcia OsburneDeiter Osterhelt

Osman OzesMartin L. PallThomas PanWilliam ParanchychJames T. ParkLeo W. ParksDavid ParmaRonald J. ParryPeter A. PatteeTerry PaulHenry P. PaulusWilliam J. PayneHarry Peck, Jr.Antonio PenaJanice PeroMalcolm PerryRobert PerryAlan PeterkofskyKent PetersDavid PettijohnPaul V. Phibbs, Jr.D. A. PhilipsBarry PhippsD. PieperPatrick PiggotJacqueline PiretBarry A. PoliskyDennis PollackKeith PooleRaymond C. PortalierKathleen PostlePieter W. PostmaAnthony PoteeteChester W. PriceJohn R. PringleAlfred PuhlerStephen QueenerRichard RachubinskiCharles RaddingChristian R. H. RaetzUttam RajBhandaryGeorges RapoportRosemary RedfieldJohn ReeveHenry C. ReevesPeter ReevesHans ReichenbachJonathan ReitzerT. Lynne ReuberRosetta ReuschJohn P. RichardsonPaul D. RickErnst T. RietschelMonica RileyPhillip W. RobbinsDenise RobertsRichard RobertsPalmer RogersM. RohdeAntonio H. RomanoSaul RosemanBarry P. RosenC. RosenbergEugene RosenbergJ. Lee RosnerIvan L. RothJohn RothLawrence I. RothfieldDavid RothsteinRodney J. RothsteinPierre RouvierePaulette W. RoytCharles Rudding

Rivka RudnerFrederick RudolphMarjorie RusselThomas RussoMilton H. Saier, Jr.Isabelle Saint GironsMargarita SalasLeona SamsonAziz SancarJeremy K. M. SandersKenneth E. SandersonG. SandmanPhilippe J. SansonettiR. A. SaylerG. ScarboroughRoel SchaaperMoselio SchaechterW. A. ScheffersStuart SchererNeil SchillerPaul SchimmelRobert SchleifRudiger SchmittCarl SchnaitmanThomas SchneiderHarold J. SchreierHildgund SchrempfSuzanne Schultz-LamWolfgang SchumannTom SchwanMartin E. Schwein-

gruberEckhart SchweizerJohn ScoccaA. I. ScottJune ScottSteven G. SedgwickAnca SegallTatsuji SekiJunichi SekiguchiRobert K. SelanderRam6n SerranoLucille ShapiroJames A. ShapiroPaul SharpFred Sherman

Louis A. ShermanLawrence J. Shimkets,

Jr.Jessup M. ShivelyRobert G. ShulmanDeborah SiegeleEthan R. SignerThomas J. SilhavyMelvin SilverRichard P. SilverSimon D. SilverPhilip SilvermanMelvin I. SimonR. W. SimonsMitchell SingerSamuel SingerP. SkatrudFrank SlackDarren SledjeskiRalph SlepeckyUwe SleytrSteven SligarJoan SlonczewskiJohn K. SmitJ. A. SmithMaggie SmithLawrence SnyderMitchell SoginJohn R. SokatchDavid R. SoilDieter SollRonald SomervilleGordon SouthamP. Frederick SparlingBrian G. SprattGeorg A. SprengerJohn SpudichEarl R. StadtmanThressa StadtmanSharon StanfieldGeorge V. StaufferHoward SteinmanJoan SteitzRichard S. StephensNat StemnbergScott Stibitz

Ann St. JohnJeffrey StockB. A. D. StockerWilliam R. StohlGary StormoGisela StorzValerie StoutStanley StriecherArne R. StromWilliam F. StudierPaul StumpfColin StuttardJohan StuyManfred SumperMelvin SunshineMiriam M. SusskindAugustin SvobodaMichael SyvanenHarry TaberRobert F. TabitaPhang-Cheng TaiS. TalayKatsuyuki TanizawaU. A. TempestM. TesarIrwin TessmanCharles J. ThompsonJeremy W. ThornerJ. J. ThwaitesAlexander TomaszJean Francois TombJ. TommasenDaniele TouatiAresa ToukdarianPatrick Trieu-CuotEric TriplettFrederic A. Troy IIJ. G. TullyB. TummlerG. TurnerBonnie TylerAlexander A. TzagoloffHiroshi UemuraRobert UffenBernt Eric Uhlin

H. Edwin UmbargerChristen D. UpperBarbara ValentJoan ValentineMiguel A. ValvanoJ. P. vanDijkenJ. Van DuinJean van HeijenoortE. van SchaftingenD. van SinderenJames VaryMichael L. VasilGerard VenemaMalabi VenkatesanJacqueline VerdiereAlejandro VialeAnn VidaverMerna VillarejoEric R. VimrM. VincenteEladio D. VinuelaBarbara VoldA. VojtekAlexander von GabainG. von HeijneWilfried WackernagelLarry WackettB. Mosley WaiteJames WalkerPeter WalterC. WandersmanR. A. J. WarrenWerner WashburneDavid WassarmanJohn WaterburyRobert E. WebsterGeorge WeinstockWilliam WeisbergBernard WeisblumBernard WeissRodney A. WelchNeal WelkerStephen WesselsJanet WestphelingR. Weusthuis

Reed WicknerSue WicknerWilliam WicknerAndres WiemkenB. WilkinsSteve G. WilkinsonG. WilkoxNeil S. WillettsJoanne WilleyP. A. WilliamsDavid K. WillisDavid B. WilsonT. H. WilsonHerbert WinklerReinhard WirthK. S. WiseB. WitholtEvelyn WitkinCarl R. WoeseRalph S. WolfeC. Peter WolkDavid WombleSui-Lam WongJanet M. WoodRoger WoodgateDavid R. WoodsDonald E. WoodsDan WulffPriscilla WyrickM. YakimowCharles YanofskyMichael YarmolinskyRonald YasbinDuane YochM. YoshikawaDouglas YoungMichael YoungRichard A. YoungPhilip J. YoungmanAlexander J. ZehnderJill ZeilstraRichard S. ZitomerRichard ZuernerDavid ZusmanJudith Zyskind

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AUTHOR INDEX

VOLUME 175

Abaibou, Hafid, 214Abdelal, Ahmed T., 3897Abee, Tjakko, 200Abeles, Ann, 7801Abell, Chris, 2125Abhayawardhane, Yamuna,

3139Abo, Tatsuhiko, 4466Abshire, Kelly Zaiger, 3734,

3744Adamec, Jiri, 8049Adams, Michael W. W., 1823Adhya, Sankar, 251Adler, Julius, 1235, 2229,

2236, 2564, 5785Adler, Lennart, 2205Aebersold, Ruedi, 3812, 5604Agabian, Nina, 6126Agoropoulou, Catherine, 4096Agterberg, Cleem, 141Aguilar, Juan, 5585Aharonowitz, Yair, 623, 2734,

5159Ailion, Michael, 7200Airaksinen, Ulla, 1392Akanuma, Hiroshi, 7138Akasaka, Kazuhito, 1032Akerley, Brian J., 3468Akhmanova, A. S., 1081Akiyama, Yoshinori, 7771Alazard, Robert, 3798Alberghina, Lilia, 1879Alberti, Marie, 2407, 2414,

6299Albracht, Simon P. J., 1629Aldovini, Anna, 7282Aldrich, Henry, 4729Alegre, Carlos, 6721Alfano, James R., 4186Ali, Abdulfatah, 358Alifano, Pietro, 8030Alix, Jean-Herve, 7178Al-Jaufy, Ahmed Y., 4970Alkema, Harmen, 5438Allard, John D., 4554Allardet-Servent, Annick, 701,

7869Allen, Charles M., 3784Allen, S. H. George, 7348Allendorf, Dorothee, 4045Alley, M. R. K., 7125Allmaier, Gunter, 1250Allmeier, Gunter, 4515Alm, Richard A., 3051, 4448Almaula, Niva, 1176Altamirano, M. M., 4951Altenschmidt, Uwe, 4851Altman, Elliot, 3992Amemura, Akinori, 1069, 6953Amemura, Mitsuko, 1316Amsler, Charles D., 6238An, Florence, 1900An, Florence Y., 5260Anderson, Dwight L., 2357Anderson, Paul M., 1443Andrup, Lars, 6530Angermuller, Sieglinde, 3031Ankenbauer, Robert G., 583Apelian, David, 3335Apicella, Michael A., 2702Arakere, G., 3664

Aramaki, Hironori, 6953, 7828Archer, Gordon L., 4436Arciero, David, 2445Arfman, Nico, 1814Argaman, Anat, 5159Arias, F. Javier, 6721Arico, Beatrice, 4764Armitage, Judith P., 291, 952,

3096, 6041Armstrong, Sandra K., 1144Aronson, Arthur I., 3757Arora, Naveen, 572Arp, Daniel J., 1971, 3414Arps, Peggy J., 3776Arraiano, Cecilia M., 1043Arthur, Michel, 117Asami, Yasuo, 6260Asaoka, Shinta, 568Asha, H., 4528Asther, M., 5135Asther, Marcel, 3672Asturias, Juan A., 4631Atkinson, Mariette R., 4282,

7016, 7024Atlung, Tove, 6537Aubert, Jean-Paul, 1891Auffenberg, Troy, 5754Austin, John W., 557Austin, Stuart, 7801Austin, Stuart J., 3443Avelange-Macherel,

Marie-Helene, 6056Averhoff, Beate, 4499Av-Gay, Yossef, 623, 5159Ayalew, Sahlu, 2713Azakami, Hiroyuki, 6287Azevedo, Vasco, 4290

Baba, Kiyoshi, 3844Baba, Tadashi, 7771Babitzke, Paul, 229Bacher, Adelbert, 4045Backman, Valgerdur M., 1452Backstrom, Allyson D., 982Badet, B., 4951Badger, Murray R., 2871Bahrani, Farah K., 457Baird, Lisa, 1134, 5009Baker, K. E., 4137Bakker, Evert P., 6925Balestrini, Raffaella, 1879Balik6, Gabriella, 6571Balmelli, Tiziano, 5548Balzer, Dietmar, 6415Bamford, Dennis H., 3089Bamford, Jaana K. H., 3089Banerjee, Swapan K., 2607Bannan, Jason D., 7228Barak, Ze'ev, 5339Baranton, Guy, 973Barbier, Claire S., 4625Barbieri, Luigi, 6721Barbour, Alan G., 2516Barcak, Gerard J., 7269Bardowski, Jacek, 4383Barki, Mira, 5683Baron, Stephen F., 3002Baross, John A., 2839Barrera, Adrian V., 2516Barrett, Ericka L., 6368Barry, Clifton E., III, 4274

Barth, Mechthild, 7910Barth, Peter T., 3269Bartilson, Magdalena, 1596Bartlett, Douglas H., 7170,

7533Barzu, Octavian, 2189Baseman, Joel B., 2783Bashyam, Murali D., 5186Bassford, Philip J., Jr., 6988Batley, Michael, 750Batut, Jacques, 6867Bauer, Bettina, 3730Bauer, Carl E., 3919Bauer, P. D., 819Bauer, Wolfgang D., 2284Baumann, Paul, 6426Baumgartner, James W., 133Bavoil, Patrik M., 4817Bayer, Manfred E., 3607Bayles, Kenneth W., 5907Beall, Bernard, 1705Beattie, David T., 519Becker, Susanne, 7290Beck von Bodman, Susanne,

5575Beckwith, Jon, 553Bedi, Anil, 6695Beecher, Douglas J., 6760Beer, Steven V., 7958Beerthuyzen, Marke M., 2578Begley, Tadhg P., 982Beguin, Pierre, 1891, 3353Behlau, Irmgard, 4475Behnke, Detlev, 4052Bejarano, Idit, 7720Belaich, Jean-Pierre, 3388Bellon-Fontaine, M.-N., 5135Belogurov, Anatol A., 4843Bender, Robert A., 2107, 2116Benhar, Itai, 3204Bennett, George N., 1182,

1221Bensing, Barbara A., 7421Benson, A. K., 1929Benson, Andrew K., 2347Benson, David R., 3679Bent, Andrew F., 4859Benton, Daniel, 4538Beppu, Teruhiko, 2006, 2652,

4307, 6857Berche, Patrick, 5717Berg, Douglas E., 909Berg, Howard C., 3236Berger, Barbara R., 1723Berger, Irit, 7673Berger-Bachi, Brigitte, 2779,

1612Bergquist, P. L., 103, 4016Bermpohl, Andreas, 2131Bernadac, Alain, 2754Berry, Colin, 510, 2314Bertrand, Kevin P., 4554Best, Elaine A., 6881Betermier, Mireille, 3798Beveridge, Terrance J., 1936Beveridge, Terry J., 3115,

5798, 7550Beveridge, T. J., 1191, 1946,

5690Bhana, N., 4016Bhowmik, Tarun, 6341

Bi, Erfei, 1118Bianchi, Vera, 1590Bibb, Maureen J., 2197Bidnenko, Vladimir E., 5611Bieber, Jeff, 4250Billings, Diane E., 7842Bingham, H., 7468Binns, Andrew N., 887Birch, Ashley, 3511Birch-Hirschfeld, Eckhard,4052

Birkeland, Nils-Kare, 1745Birkelund, Svend, 1785Bisercic, Marina, 7863Bisgrove, Sherryl R., 4859Bisson, Linda F., 7689Biswas, Gour D., 2448Biswas, Indranil, 3628Bjork, Glenn R., 7776Bjornsson, J6n M., 1452Black, Michael T., 4957Blackford, B. L., 1946Blake, Milan S., 4979Blanchard, A., 5281Blanche, Francis, 7430Blanco, Carlos, 214Blanco, David R., 4129, 4225Blanco, Gloria, 8043Blanquet, Sylvain, 993, 4507,

7737Blaschek, Hans P., 3838Blaser, Martin J., 4979Blasi, Udo, 1038Blatch, Gregory L., 3058Blattner, Frederick R., 2026,5242

Blaut, Michael, 3043Blinkova, Alexandra, 6018Blomfield, Ian C., 27, 4335,

6186Blomqvist, Kristina, 1392Blonski, Casimir, 6867Blum, Paul, 6433Blumenthal, Robert M., 7160Bobik, Thomas A., 7200Bock, August, 630Bogan, Jacqueline A., 6186Bogdanov, Mikhail, 7711Bognar, Andrew L., 2475Bohin, Jean-Pierre, 2970Boistard, Pierre, 6867Bolin, Jeffrey T., 6737Bollivar, David W., 3919Bonfante, Paola, 1879Bonnefoy, Serge, 5488Bonner, Cynthia A., 561Boos, Winfried, 1087, 1682,

5655Boot, Hein J., 6089Boquet, Patrice, 7260Borchardt, Lynne, 1264Borges, K. M., 103Borgford, Thor J., 4834Bosch, Rafael, 2926Bosscher, Jaap S., 2864Bott, Kenneth F., 7918Boucias, D. G., 5962Boulnois, Graham J., 5978,

5984Bouloc, Philippe, 1352, 6704Bourg, Gisele, 701

i

ii AUTHOR INDEX

Bourret, Robert B., 2097Bove, Joseph M., 2783Bowien, Botho, 4719, 7329Bowman, William C., 7702Boyd, Carol M., 4780Boyd, Dana, 553Boye, Erik, 5505Boylan, Sharon A., 3957,

3964, 7931Brabetz, Werner, 7488Bradbeer, Clive, 3146Bramanti, Thomas E., 7413Brand, Bettina, 5655Brand, John M., 4561Branny, Pavel, 5344Brantl, Sabine, 4052Brasch, Michael A., 3067,

3075Braun, Volkmar, 826, 4485Braus, Gerhard H., 1061, 5548Brawner, Mary E., 1213Bray, Kelvin, 3121Breedveld, Michael W., 750Breil, Brenda T., 3693Bremer, Erhard, 2809Brendler, Therese, 7801Brenowitz, Stephan, 7673Bressollier, P., 3232Brian, Paul, 8043Brickman, Timothy J., 4274Brito, Nelida, 6755Brizzio, Valeria, 7581Brockbank, Sarah M. V., 3269Brody, E. N., 85Brody, Margaret S., 7931Broer, Angelika, 3480Broer, Stefan, 3480Bronner, Dorothea, 5978,

5984, 6725Brooker, Robert J., 6269Brooks, Judith M., 2125Brown, Jeffrey L., 6908Brown, Kit L., 7951Brown, Peter K., 7115Browne, Sarah L., 1173Brown-Peterson, Nancy J.,4197

Bruckner, Reinhold, 851Brumbley, Stevens M., 5477Bruni, Carmelo B., 8030Brun-Zinkernagel,Anne-Marie, 4744

Bruske, Anja K., 6158Bryant, Donald A., 3343Bubert, Andreas, 3491Buchanan, Christine E., 7604Buchholz, Steffen R., 503Buck, David, 2125Buckley, Helen R., 2632Buist, Girbe, 7523Bunz, Patricia V., 6467Bupp, Keith, 1841Burchhardt, Gerhard, 2327Burdett, Vickers, 7209Burgess, Barbara K., 7707Burgess, J. Grant, 6689Burke, Donald H., 2407, 2414Burnis, Robert H., 6781Bussey, Howard, 6908Bussey, Lee B., 6348Butler, Yun X., 3139Byers, David M., 1865Bylund, James E., 1886

Bystrykh, Leonid V., 1814

Cai, Jin, 5725Cain, Brian D., 1337, 3784Calcagno, M. L., 4951Calderwood, Stephen B., 706Calhoun, Melissa W., 3013,3020

Calie, Patrick J., 27Callahan, Sean M., 4615Calvo, Joseph M., 1110, 7581Camakaris, H., 6372Cameron, Beatrice, 7430Cammarano, Piero, 2961Campagnari, Anthony A.,

2702Campanhfi, Rosangela B.,5022

Cannistraro, Vincent J., 6717Cannon, Janne G., 6988Canter Cremers, Hayo C. J.,

750Canters, Gerard W., 6254Cao, Jie-Gang, 3856Cao, Xianjun, 4824Cao, Yang, 7247, 7254Caparon, Michael G., 7561Caparr6s, Marta, 1537Carbonetti, Nicholas H., 6679Carles-Nurit, Marie-Josee, 701Carlson, John H., 3327Carlson, Noel G., 7541Carlson, Russell W., 3570Carney, Brian F., 5477Carniel, Elisabeth, 5488Caro, Lucien, 4165Caroff, M., 2988Carraway, Margaretha, 3972Carrillo-Martinez, Yarery,

6337Carter, David R., 5286Carter, Jeffrey R., 3812, 5604Casadesus, Josep, 288Cases, Ildefonso, 6902Cashel, Michael, 7982Castellanos, Miguel, 6314Cavaignac, Sonia, 7968Cayrol, Caroline, 642Cenatiempo, Y., 3232Cerquetti, M. Cristina, 5294Chace, Donald H., 5324Chakrabarty, A. M., 417, 5452Challoner-Courtney, lain J.,5636

Chaloupka, Jifi, 8049Chambliss, Glenn H., 6321Champion, Cheryl I., 4129,4225

Chan, V. L., 7468Chan, Wai Chi, 858Chan, Yiu-Kwok, 19Chandler, Michael, 3798Chang, Ban-Yang, 2470Chang, Chun-Huey, 2423,5078

Chang, Ming, 7880Chang, Yoon-Seok, 2779Chao, Yun-Peng, 6939Chapalmadugu, Satya, 6711Charles, Trevor C., 6614Charters, Yvonne, 4405Chater, Keith F., 933, 8043Chater, K. F., 1995

Chattopadhyay, Sudip, 3240Chattoraj, Dhruba K., 3546Chaudhry, G. Rasul, 6711Chauhan, Sarita, 7222Chen, Carton W., 1847Chen, Jiann-Shin, 5097Chen, Ken-Shiung, 6663Chen, Lei, 5428Chen, Lishi, 2534Chen, Mario W., 5697Chen, Po, 190Chen, Shuzi, 7732Chen, Wei, 5677Chen, Xiangning, 5106Cheo, David L., 5907Cherest, Helene, 5366Chevalier, G., 266Chevrestt, Angel, 503Chi, Ellen, 7533Chiang, Gisela G., 575, 5701Chilton, W. Scott, 401Chin, K., 7471Chiou, C.-S., 732Chipman, David M., 5339Chistoserdova, Ludmila V.,3767

Cho, Kerry C., 6842Cho, Kyungyun, 7715Cho, Myungsun, 6238Choder, Mordechai, 6358Choe, MuHyeon, 1165Choi, Kang Yell, 3598Chopin, Marie-Christine, 4383Choquet, C. G., 1191Chou, Joseph H., 1026Chow, C. Ming, 3703Christian, Rudolf, 1250Christiansen, Gunna, 1785Christie, Gail E., 7724Christie, Peter J., 1723Chu, Charles C., 7673Chu, Shijian, 3105, 7968Chu, Wen-Shen, 6637Chuang, Shuang-En, 2026,5242

Chun, Jong-Yoon, 4250Chung, Taeowan, 4572Church, George M., 3303Cieslewicz, Michael J., 8018Cimmino, Carmen, 6659Ciriacy, Michael, 5520Claeyssens, Marc, 7056Clark, Alvin J., 7673Clark, David P., 870Clark, Elizabeth A., 7732Clark, Robert L., 5145Clarke, Anthony J., 4550,5798

Clements, Mark O., 1144Clewell, D. B., 6354Clewell, Don B., 1008, 1900,5260

Click, Eva Marie, 222Clifton, Drago, 3289Clouthier, Sharon, 12Clouthier, Sharon C., 2523Cobley, John G., 5701Cochet, O., 4951Cocito, Carlo, 4930Coco, Wayne M., 417Coene, Marc, 4930Cohen, Amikam, 7673

Cohen, Gerald, 623, 2734,5159

Cohen, Myron S., 7658Cohen, Seth P., 1484, 7856Cohen, Stanley N., 3067,

3075, 4245, 6046, 6767,6996, 7834

Cohen-Kupiec, Rachel, 7727Colandene, James D., 2379Colbeau, Annette, 7404Colby, Gary D., 5097Cole, S. P., 4911Cole, Stewart T., 1, 4255Coleman, William G., Jr.,2534

Collard, Jean-Marc, 779Collier, Jackie L., 575Collins, Carleen M., 1860,

3459Collinson, S. Karen, 12, 2523Colloms, Michael D., 4405Colombo, Anna L., 3900Colwell, Rita R., 1838Compan, Ines, 1687Concaugh, Elizabeth A., 465Conway de Macario, Everly,

3115Cook, Alasdair M., 1075,

1187, 6467Cook, David N., 2037, 6299Cooksey, Donald A., 1656,4492

Cooley, Michael B., 3486Cooper, R. M., 6082Cooper, Stephen, 3121Cooper, Terrance G., 64, 941,

4688, 5851Corbell, Nathan, 3502Comelissen, Cynthia Nau,2448

Correa, Jaime, 3823Courvalin, Patrice, 117Couso, Roberto O., 2490Couturier, Martine, 7697Cowan, John M., 5862Cox, Charles D., 2589Coyette, Jacques, 2844Craig, Elizabeth A., 6484Crawford, Ronald L., 4414Crielaard, Wim, 1629Critch, Jeff, 6695Croen, Kenneth D., 6314Cronan, John E., Jr., 332,

1325Crosa, Jorge H., 3563Crouzet, Joel, 7430Cruden, Diana L., 4561Cubellis, M. V., 299Cui, Jisong, 303, 1777Cullum, John, 3422Cunningham, Philip R., 870Cunningham, Thomas S.,

4688, 5851Cupples, Claire G., 4985Curran, Timothy M., 7189Cuypers, Heinrich, 7236

Daas, Piet J. H., 1278da Costa Maia, Jos6 Carlos,5022

Dai, Kang, 3790Daido, Hiromi, 6459Dailey, Frank E., 3236

J. BACTERIOL.

AUTHOR INDEX iii

Dale, Elizabeth M., 887Dallo, Shatha F., 2783Daly, Charles, 6002Damerau, Keith, 53Damgaard, Jesper, 6530Dana, James R., 3636Danbara, Hirofumi, 5953D'Andrea, Richard J., 4800Daneo-Moore, Lolita, 3213Daniel, Anne S., 2943Daniel, Richard A., 7604Daniel, Steven L., 8008Daniels, Donna L., 2026Dankert, Marcelo A., 2490D'Ari, Richard, 6704Danf, Sylvia C., 5043Darzins, A., 5934Das Gupta, Sujoy K., 5186DasSarma, Shiladitya, 684,

4584Daugherty, Jon R., 64Daum, Gunther, 2853Davagnino, Juan, 2097David, Laurent, 6499David, Michel, 6867Davidson, Barrie E., 2541Davidson, Elizabeth W., 510Davis, Michael A., 3443Dazzo, Frank B., 2826, 4922Dean, Charles R., 317Dean, Dennis R., 6737Death, Alison, 1475De Bruijn, Frans J., 5193Debussche, Laurent, 7430Decker, Heinrich, 3876, 3887Decker, Katja, 5655Defais, Martine, 642Dege, Jay E., 4414de Haan, Louise A. M., 7976de Jonge, Boudewijn L. M.,

2779De Kesel, Myriam, 4930Dekker, Eugene E., 6505de la Cruz, Norberto B., 6932Delaney, John M., 166De La Tonfe, Frangoise, 5344Delic-Attree, Ina, 6499Delley, Michele, 4315de Lorenzo, V., 6902Delorme, Christine, 4383,

4391del Rey, Francisco, 3823Delver, Eugene P., 4843de Mattos, M. Joost Teixeira,

3020DeMoll, Edward, 5754, 7702Demple, Bruce, 1026, 7492Deng, Wan-Yin, 6830Denninger, John W., 7160Dennis, Patrick P., 1561, 1572Denny, Timothy P., 5477,

6169Denome, Sylvia A., 6890Depardieu, Florence, 117de Pedro, Miguel A., 1537Deprun, C., 2988Deretic, V., 1153Dermoun, Zorah, 3388Deshpande, Mukund V., 6052Desiraju, Varalakshmi, 541de Souza, Inguelore, 510de Souza, Marlene Teixeira,2952

Dessaux, Yves, 401Dessen, Andrea, 479De Sury D'Aspremont, Regis,

6499Deutscher, Josef, 3730Deutscher, Munfay P., 4577Devine, Kevin M., 1988de Vos, Willem M., 1637,

2578, 5168Dewar, Susan J., 7097de Zamaroczy, Miklos, 2507Diedrich, Dana L., 2157Diehl, Paul, 2263Dijkhuizen, L., 6097Dijkhuizen, Lubbert, 1814Dijkstra, Arnoud, 6599DiMarco, Anthony A., 4499Dinman, Jonathan D., 3192Dion, Patrice, 4790DiSpirito, Alan D., 3767Ditta, Gary S., 1103Dodgson, Christine, 5384,

7515Doi, Roy H., 2470, 3656,

5762, 7119Doig, Peter, 557Doig, Peter C., 12Dolganov, Nadia, 7644Donachie, William D., 2788,

7097Donadio, Stefano, 182Donahue, John P., 2363Dong, J. M., 6671Donini, Pierluigi, 6659Donnenberg, Michael S., 4670Donohue, Timothy J., 358,

7629Doran, James L., 12, 2523D'Orazio, Sarah E. F., 1860,

3459Dorgai, Laszlo, 693Dorocicz, Irene R., 7142Doty, Sharon Lafferty, 7880Doublet, Patricia, 2970Dougherty, Thomas J., 111Dowds, Barbara C. A., 1665Dowhan, William, 7711Downard, John, 7762Doyle, R. J., 819, 5690Drake, D., 819Drake, Harold L., 8008Drechsel, Hartmut, 2727Dreier, Jens, 2131Dreyfus, Georges, 3131Driessen, Arnold J. M., 2864,

5438Driks, Adam, 528, 1705Dryden, Sylvia C., 6392D'Souza, Cletus, 3502D'Souza-Ault, Marian R.,

3486Dubnau, David, 3182Dubreuil, Daniel, 8000Duclohier, H., 266Dufrene, Y., 5135Duggan, Mary Fran, 3749Duine, Johannis A., 1814,

6254Dumas, France, 8000Dunkley, Eugene A., Jr., 647Dunlap, Paul V., 4615Dunn, John J., 716

Dunny, Gary M., 5216, 5253,6229, 7421

Duque, Estrella, 2278Durack, David T., 1405Durre, Peter, 3394, 6959Duschl, Jutta, 2720Dutton, James, 2640Dwyer, D. F., 1467Dymock, D., 6082

Eaton, Denise M., 4436Eberhardt, Kelly J., 27, 4335Ebert-Khosla, Susanne, 2197Ebisuya, Hiroaki, 4307Egan, J. Barry, 5286Egan, Susan M., 5585Eggeling, Lothar, 5595Eggertsson, Gudmundur, 1452Egli, Christoph M., 5548Ehrhardt, Anton F., 510Ehrlich, S. Dusko, 3628, 4383,4391,5611,5806

Eichenlaub, Rudolf, 2131Eikmanns, Bernhard J., 3905Eisen, Jonathan A., 6518Eisenstein, Barry I., 27, 4335,

6186Eisenstein, Edward, 6605Eklund, Melvin W., 7260El Berry, Hassan M., 64, 4688Elford, Roberta M., 1309Eliasson, Rolf, 1590El Kharroubi, Aboubaker,

2844Ellestad, Sarah, 6203Elliott, Thomas, 325, 4990Elmerich, Claudine, 2507Elsen, Sylvie, 7404Elthon, Thomas, 6433Eltis, L. D., 1467Eltis, Lindsay D., 7313Emerson, David, 7808, 7819Engel, Joanne, 7150Engelberg-Kulka, Hanna,

3204, 7720Engels, Pieter W., 1629Englebert, Serge, 2844Ennis, Don G., 7373Enomoto, Masatoshi, 758Ensign, Scott A., 1971Ephrati-Elizur, Erela, 207Eriani, Gilbert, 7356Erlandsen, Stanley L., 6229Ernsting, Brian R., 7160Errington, Jeffery, 7604Erwin, Alice L., 6382Esaki, Nobuyoshi, 4213Escalante-Semerena, Jorge C.,

3317, 6328Escarmis, Cristina, 6721Esther, Charles R., 4154Etchebehere, Lilian C., 5022Eubanks, Willis, 3784Evans, Dolores G., 674Evans, Doyle J., Jr., 674Exley, Ginger E., 2379Ezaki, Takayuki, 4456

Fahey, Robert C., 2734Fairhead, Heather, 1367Fajardo-Cavazos, Patricia,

1735Falcone, Deane L., 866, 3372,5066

Falk, P., 966Fall, Ray, 4062, 7216Fan, Cheng-Kuo, 6113Fan, Huizhou, 4662Farewell, Anne, 7170Farez-Vidal, Esther, 4756Farias, Ricardo N., 7741Faff, Spencer B., 2321Farrand, Stephen K., 401,

5575Faundez, Gustavo, 561Favre, Didier, 3710Fayat, Guy, 4507Fayet, Olivier, 1134Federici, Brian A., 5276Federspiel, Nancy A., 1806Feiss, Michael, 2393Feldweg, Anna, 1173Ferenci, Thomas, 858, 1475Fernandez, Leonides, 6341Fernandez-Lopez, Manuel,

5403Ferreras, Miguel, 6721Ferretti, Joseph J., 1853Ferreyra, Raul G., 1514Ferris, S., 5281Ferry, James G., 669, 6822Feulner, Gregory, 2799Feutrier, Josiane, 7968Feys, Bart, 438Fice, Debra, 1865Fidai, Shafique, 4834Fiers, Walter, 7639Figurski, David H., 2423, 5078Finan, Turlough M., 2662,

2674Finkel, Steven E., 1580Firtel, M., 1946Firtel, Max, 7550Fischer, Daniela, 259Fischer, Ralf J., 6959Fisher, Kathryn Erdelsky,

6605Fisher, Susan H., 4282Fitzgerald, Gerald, 6002Fitz-James, Phillip C., 3757Flint, Harry J., 2943Flores, Enrique, 5710Flores-Samaniego, Beatriz,

7705Flynn, JoAnne L., 1303Follettie, Maximillian T., 4096Fong, Chin-Lin W., 6368Fong, Raymond S.-C., 5648Fong, S. T., 448Fontana, Roberta, 2046Forsberg, Cecil W., 6810Forsberg, C. W., 7666Fortin, Christine, 4790Foster, John W., 1981Foulds, John, 7856Fourel, Didier, 2754Fournier, Pascal, 3151Fox, Maurice S., 7732Foxall, Paul A., 465Fraenkel, Dan G., 3289Fraley, C. D., 2143Francetic, Olivera, 2184, 2255,

4036Franden, Mary Ann, 3812,

5604Franklin, Michael J., 5057Franklund, Clifton V., 3002

VOL. 175, 1993

iv AUTHOR INDEX

Frasch, C. E., 3664Frazee, Richard W., 6194Frazier, B. A., 966Freidel, Kerstin, 5520Freundlich, Martin, 5769Frias, Jose E., 5710Fridovich, I., 5324Friedberg, Andrew S., 6345Friedberg, Errol C., 6345Friedebold, Jorg, 4719Friedman, Richard L., 7228Friedman, Stanley, 6293Friedmann, Annick, 5529Friedrich, Barbel, 5867Frost, Laura S., 1375Frothingham, Richard, 2818Frustaci, Jana M., 2154Fsihi, Hafida, 2809Fu, Changlin, 295Fu, Rongdian, 4699Fuchs, Georg, 4851Fuchs, James A., 1443, 2436,

2445, 7990Fuchs, Pinhas, 3581Fuge, Edwina K., 2321Fujimoto, Kazuhiro, 176Fujino, Tsuchiyoshi, 1891Fujisaki, Shingo, 4800Fujita, Masaya, 1069, 6953Fujiwara, Shinsuke, 5452Fukada, Takashi, 2750Fukaya, Masahiro, 4307Fukuda, Masao, 6403Fukumori, Fumiyasu, 2083Fukumori, Yoshihiro, 4400Fukumura, Takashi, 655Fukunaga, Noriyuki, 6873Fuller, John H., 5617Fulmer, Stephanie B., 7581Fulton, Gail F., 3776Funayama, Noriko, 5035Furukawa, Hideki, 3723Furukawa, Kensuke, 5224Futaesaku, Yutaka, 5953

Gaal, Tamas, 661Gaastra, Wim, 7976Gabant, Philippe, 7697Gabel, Christian, 128Gabriel, Dean W., 5839Gage, Daniel J., 1961, 7105Gage, Douglas A., 2779Gaggero, Carina, 5420Gaily, David, 3121Gally, David L., 6186Gambino, Laura, 2888Gamian, Andrzej, 1508Gammie, Alison E., 3563Gandhi, Ami J., 8014Ganem, Don, 7150Ganesan, S., 1767Ganeshkumar, N., 572Garcia, Fernando, 5403Garcia, Jose L., 2162Garcia, Manuel M., 4979Garel, Jean-Renaud, 5344Garon, Claude F., 926Garrett, Reginald H., 2379Garrity, D. B., 6512Garz6n, Andr6s, 288Gatti, Evelina, 1879Gaudin, Helen M., 921Gay, R., 3452

Gealt, Michael A., 6982Gebhardt, Kirsti, 7724Geist, Robert T., 7561Gelhaye, E., 3452Geiler, Bruce L., 5510Gennaro, Giuseppa, 6775Gennis, Robert B., 3013, 3020Gentry, Daniel R., 7982Georgopoulos, Costa, 166,

1134, 2613, 5009Gerami-Nejad, Maryam, 1443Gerbaud, Claude, 5529Gerike, Ursula, 3491Gerin, P. A., 5135Gerngross, Tillman U., 5289Gerrits, Kasper A. A., 1278Gewain, Keith M., 2552Ghigo, Jean-Marc, 7321Ghiorse, William C., 7808,7819

Ghosh, Sudhamoy, 3240, 8024Ghuysen, Jean-Marie, 2844Gibbs, Peter E. M., 2607Gibert, Maryse, 7260Gibson, Bradford W., 2702Gibson, David T., 395, 4561,5877

Gibson, Janet L., 5778Giffard, Philip M., 4520Giladi, Michael, 4129Gilbert, Alicia A., 3224Gilkes, N. R., 1910Gill, Ronald E., 4538Gillen, Karen L., 7006Gilot, Philippe, 4930Girbes, Tomas, 6721Gir6n, Jorge A., 7391Gish, Kurt, 3380Glucksmann, M. Alexandra,

7033, 7045Gober, James, 6970Godon, Jean-Jacques, 4383,

4391Godoy, Francisca, 2278Goebel, Werner, 3491Goguen, Jon D., 7901Goh, Tor Kheng, 3556Goldberg, Joanna B., 1303,

1605, 5117Goldberg, Marcia B., 2189Golden, James W., 4025Goldfine, Howard, 4298, 8014Goldman, Barry S., 1457,

2370Goldman, Emanuel, 716, 5469Goldman, William E., 636Goldstein, Marc A., 5762,

7119Go6ner, Anita, 8008Gong, Jianhua, 6810Gong, Min, 4744Gonzalez, Alicia, 7705Gonzalez, Celedonio, 6755Gonzalez, Daniel, 6321Goodman, Myron F., 561Gordon, Milton P., 6830Gordon, Rodger F., 2157Gorkovenko, Alexander, 4087Gorman, Jessica A., 2632Gorman, Wendy L., 1303Gornicki, Piotr, 5268Gosink, Khoosheh K., 1580Gotschlich, Emil C., 6382

Gottesman, M. E., 7471Gottfert, Michael, 613Gotz, F., 4218Gotz, Friedrich, 851, 7495Gouesbet, Gwenola, 214Gourse, Richard L., 661, 1580Govindaswami, Meera, 6062Govorukhina, Natalya I., 1814Gowrishankar, J., 4528Gracheck, Stephen J., 2888Graf, Roney, 1061Graham, David Y., 674Graham, James E., 2400Grahn, A. Marika, 3089Grandoni, Jerry A., 7581Granger, Laurie, 229Grant, Richard, 7150Gray, James P., 479Gray, Jane Antal, 2799Green, Christopher J., 5091Greenberg, E. P., 7307Greenberg, Jean T., 1026Greene, Kristen M., 6269Griffiss, J. M., 4565Griffiss, J. McLeod, 2702Grogan, Dennis W., 1500Gross, Carol A., 3992Gross, Roy, 6679Grossman, Alan D., 6789Grossman, Arthur R., 575,

5701, 7644Grossman, Trudy H., 6203Grounds, Tamara, 510Grubmeyer, Charles, 479Grunberg-Manago, Marianne,

2880Grundy, Frank J., 7348Gruss, Alexandra, 3628, 5611,5806

Grzemski, Wojciech, 5193Gu, Zhiping, 5309Guay, Gordon G., 4927Gu6rineau, Michel, 5529Guerry, Patricia, 3051, 4448Guespin-Michel, J. F., 4239Guijarro, Jose, 3220Guillon, Jean-Michel, 993,4507

Guilloton, Michel B., 1443Guilvout, Ingrid, 5488Guiney, D. G., 4911Guiso, Nicole, 6679Gulletta, Elio, 8030Gunsalus, Irwin C., 6028Gunsalus, Robert P., 1500Gunter, Karolin, 3295Gurevitz, Michael, 7727Gussin, Gary N., 5648Gustafson, Corinne E., 1203,

7968Gustafsson, Lena, 2205, 4809Gutierrez-Martin, Cesar B.,5717

Gutman, Pablo D., 3581Guyonvarch, Armel, 1001

Haake, David A., 4129, 4225Haandrikman, Alfred, 7523Haandrikman, Alfred J., 2087Haas, Elizabeth S., 5043Haase, Antje, 1412Haase, Antje M., 3408, 4877Haase, F. Carl, 5301

Habib, Nadia F., 597Hachler, Herbert, 1484Hackstadt, Ted, 4274Haddad, Judette E., 4970,

7652Haddock, John D., 395, 669,

4561Hagege, Juliette, 5529Hagg&rd-Ljungquist,

Elisabeth, 1239, 1590, 7848Haggerty, Timothy J., 6118Hagting, Anja, 5438Haidour, Ali, 2278Haines, Michael A., 1886Hakura, Atsushi, 5539Haldenwang, W. G., 1929Haldenwang, William G., 2347Hall, Barry G., 6411Hall, Sharynn D., 277Halladay, John T., 684Hallenbeck, Patrick C., 6775Hamada, Shigeyuki, 4345Hamilton, Charleen M., 1375Hammar, M., 966Hanawalt, Philip C., 6518Hancock, Robert E. W., 7793Hani, E., 7468Hansen, Flemming G., 6537Hansen, Theo A., 2859Hanson, Mark P., 4036Hantke, Klaus, 6212Happe, Birgitta, 7313Harauz, George, 7550Hare, Roberta, 6492Hargis, Mike, 2640Harlocker, Susan L., 1956Harrington, Dean J., 5925Harris, Carolyn J., 2541Harris, Robin, 921Harris, Sandra L., 2770Harrison, Karin, 2871Hart, Mark E., 7875Hartmann, Evamarie, 4515Hartzog, Phillip E., 1337Harwood, Caroline S., 5829Haselkom, Robert, 1697, 5268Hashida, Seiichi, 5762, 7119Hashimoto, Wataru, 6038Hashimoto, Yasuhiro, 4456Haskell, J. Benjamin, 1284Hassett, Daniel J., 7658Hastir, Daniele, 2844Hatano, Kazue, 1605, 5117Hatch, Thomas P., 2936Hatfull, Graham F., 6836Hauser, Daniel, 7260Hausinger, Robert P., 2083Hayashi, Kenshi, 6010Hayashida, Shinsaku, 5224Hayes, Finbarr, 3443Hayman, G. Thomas, 5575Hays, Sharon, 561Hazelbauer, Gerald L., 133He, Bin, 3598He, Lin, 4405Hearst, John E., 2037, 2407,

2414, 6299Heath, D. G., 6354Heath, J. Don, 5216Heath, Lucie S., 2363H6chard, Y., 3232Hecht, Brigitte, 1206Hedderich, Reiner, 7313

J. BAc-MRIOL.

AUTHOR INDEX v

Heidelbach, Michael, 905,7479

Heinemann, Jack A., 583Heinrich, J., 2833Heinrichs, David E., 4597,

5882Heinrichs, Jon H., 6760Heinz, Ernst, 544Heinzinger, Nina K., 6368Hekstra, Doeke, 6546Helinski, Donald R., 1103Heller, Knut J., 6158Hellingwerf, Klaas J., 1629,

3096Helmann, John D., 5428Helms, Jan, 6959Hengge-Aronis, Regine, 259,

7910Hengsberger, Anja, 5867Henikoff, Steven, 417Henkin, Tina M., 7348Henneberg, Nicola, 259Hennecke, Hauke, 613Henrich, Bernhard, 7290Henrissat, B., 5890Henry, Susan A., 4235Hensgens, Charles M. H.,

2859Henze, Uta, 1612Hernandez, Rachel G., 4245Hernandez, V. James, 7982Herrero, Antonia, 5710Herrero, Marta, 6902Herring, Chris, 2758Herrmann, Heidrun, 4851Herrmann, Jean-Louis, 5445Hervas, Christine, 6018Hessel, Andrew, 4104, 7624Hettinger-Smith, Barbara,

5510Heym, Beate, 4255Hidaka, Makoto, 7945Hidalgo, Elena, 5585, 7492Higgins, Michael L., 1886Hill, Charles W., 2799Hillen, Wolfgang, 1206Hillier, Alan J., 2541Hindley, John, 510, 2314Hiraga, Sota, 1344, 1352Hiramatsu, Keiichi, 7483Hirata, Aiko, 3656Hirose, Jun, 5224Hirsch, Jeannie P., 4235Ho, Alice Suk Yue, 7391Ho, Chao, 5411Hoch, James A., 3749, 7594Hodl, C., 2762Hoe, Nancy P., 7901Hoff, Wouter D., 3096Hohn, Barbara, 723Hoischen, Christian, 2758,

6599Holden, James F., 2839Holloway, B. W., 1153Holmes, W. Michael, 1309Holt, Stanley C., 840, 7413Homer, Mary J., 4907Honda, Kiyofumi, 4885Honeycutt, Rhonda J., 6945Hong, Seung-Beom, 401Hong, Xiankang, 6731Hooke, Anne Morris, 5294Hooper, Alan B., 2436, 2445

Hooper, S. W., 1467Hooykaas, Paul J. J., 5706Hopwood, David A., 2197H6rak, Rita, 8038Horinouchi, Sueharu, 2006,

2652, 4307, 6857Horiuchi, Tadao, 6953, 7828Home, Diane S., 1717Hornemann, Ulfert, 1126Hornung, Jan M., 5329Horwitz, Marcus A., 5666Hosoi, Masaharu, 7828Hosted, Thomas J., 3679Hotte, Barbara, 7786Hove-Jensen, Bjarne, 5628Howard, S. Peter, 6695Howe, Martha M., 5314Howitt, Susan M., 2871Hsia, Ru-Ching, 4817Hu, Ping-Chuan, 7918Hu, Wei-Shou, 6916Huang, Hongjin, 7793Huang, Jianzhong, 6169Hudspeth, M. E. S., 4917Hughes, Diarmaid, 240Hughes, Kelly T., 479, 7006Hui, Francis M., 6364Huitema, Fienke, 6254Hulett, F. Marion, 3749Huls, Peter G., 3174Hung, S.-Y., 5962Hurek, Thomas, 7056Husson, Robert N., 7282Hutchinson, C. R., 7571Hutchinson, C. Richard, 3876,

3887, 3900, 4176Hutchison, Clyde A., III, 7918Hutton, M. Elizabeth, 5145Hylemon, Phillip B., 3002Hyman, Michael R., 1971

Iandolo, John J., 7875Ichihara, Shigeyuki, 1032lelpi, Luis, 2490Igarashi, Kazuhiko, 2455Iglesias, Rosario, 6721Igo, Michele M., 5460lida, Akihiro, 5375Iismaa, Siiri E., 7707Ikeda, Haruo, 2077Imada, Chiaki, 176Imai, Yuji, 785Imanaka, Tadayuki, 6459Imperial, Juan, 2926Inamori, Yoshihiko, 176Inatomi, Ken-Ichi, 80Ingledew, W. J., 3253Ingmer, Hanne, 6046, 7834Ingram, L. O., 2327, 3926,

6441Innes, Roger W., 4859Inouye, Masayori, 1176, 1956,

4756, 5824Inouye, Sumiko, 1176, 2271,

3335, 4545, 4756Iordanescu, Serban, 3916Ippen-Ihler, Karin, 1375,

1384, 1528Irastorza, Ana, 879Ireton, Keith, 6789Irikura, Vera M., 802Isaji, Motomi, 4800Ishiguro, Edward E., 1203

Ishihama, Akira, 2455, 2479,2483

Ishihara, Hiroshi, 1257Ishii, Atsushi, 6873Island, Michael D., 465, 5028Ismaiel, Adnan A., 5097Itaya, Mitsuhiro, 741Ito, Koreaki, 7771Iuchi, S., 6671Ivey, Richard G., 5510Iwata, Nobuhide, 6287

Jablonski, Peter, 2640Jackowski, Suzanne, 3723Jackson, Matthew P., 597,

4970, 7652Jacobi, Alexander, 630Jacobson, Eric S., 7102Jacques, Mario, 8000Jacques, Nicholas A., 4520Jakubowski, Hieronim, 5469James, Leonard P., 5428Jann, Barbara, 5984, 6725Jann, Klaus, 5978, 5984, 6725Jarvill-Taylor, Karalee J.,

7842Jarvis, Erich D., 503Jasalavich, Claudia A., 1656Jayaratne, Padman, 5384Jayaswal, Radheshyam K.,

1493Jenal, Urs, 5945Jensen, Debra B., 7982Jensen, Kaj Frank, 3401Jensen, Karren A., 3749Jensen, Neil S., 2980Jensen, Roy A., 4729Jeong, Sang Min, 3656Jericho, M. H., 1946Jewell, Ronnie D., 386Ji, Guangyong, 3480Jiang, Ping, 5575Jiang, Tao, 5350Jiang, Weining, 5824Jilk, Ross A., 1264Jimenez, Antonio, 7474Jin, Ding Jun, 7629Jin, Shouguang, 6830Johnson, Reid C., 1580Johnston, J. Linda, 4436Johnston, Norah C., 4298Johnston, Stephen A., 1405Jones, A. L., 732Jones, Carol E., 2125Jones, Jeffrey G., 684Jones, Pamela, 5824Jones-Meehan, Joanne M.,

1838Jordi, Bart J. A. M., 7976Jornvall, Hans, 1590Joseleau-Petit, Daniele, 6704Josenhans, Christine, 3278Joshi, Phalgun, 1561, 1572Jovanovic, Oliver S., 2423Joys, Terence M., 5359Juarez-Garcia, Carlos H.,

4414Julien, R., 3232Jumas-Bilak, Estelle, 7869Jung, Gunther, 2727

Kadner, Robert J., 5028Kado, Clarence I., 2017, 3486

Kadurugamuwa, Jagath L.,5798

Kaenjak, Anisa, 2400Kageyama, Makoto, 2907,

6179Kagramanova, V. K., 1081Kahn, Michael L., 4186Kaiser, Dale, 7450Kaiser, Peter, 642Kaiser-Rogers, Kathleen, 4641Kajimoto, Goro, 916Kalmar, Gabriel B., 4834Kaltenboeck, Bernhard, 487Kamagata, Yoichi, 80Kamberov, Emmanuel S.,

7024Kamdar, Haresh V., 2017Kamlage, Beate, 3043Kammler, Meike, 6212Kamoun, Sophien, 2017Kampfenkel, Karlheinz, 4485Kane, Michael F., 277Kang, Hi Wan, 3208Kaper, James B., 4670Kaplan, Samuel, 2292, 2304,

6392Karayan, Lucie, 7869Karibian, D., 2988Karjalainen, Tuomo K., 674Karlok, Mark, 4538Karls, Russell K., 7629Karlson, U., 1467Kasak, Lagle, 8038Kaschabek, Stefan R., 6075Kato, Atsushi, 1352Kato, Chie, 1032Katz, Leonard, 182Katzenmeier, Gerd, 4045Kaufman, R. Ilene, 604Kaul, Sonu, 1203Kaur, Parjit, 351Kawagishi, Ikuro, 3131Kawaguchi, Ryuji, 6689Kawamura, Yoshiya, 4307Kawasaki, Yuko, 5153Kay, William W., 12, 2523Kaimierczak, Barbara, 3998Keen, Noel T., 4780Keen, N. T., 5916Keenan, Roy W., 4263Keenleyside, Wendy J., 5384,

6725, 7515Keilhauer, Carmen, 5595Kelln, R. A., 4137Kellner, Ellen M., 892Kelly, Robert M., 1823Kelly-Wintenberg, Kimberly,

2458Keltjens, Jan T., 1278Kemp, Robert G., 5723Kemper, M. A., 5690Kenne, Lennart, 1508Kennell, David, 6717Keon, Richard G., 4699Kertesz, Michael A., 1187Keshav, Kylie F., 2327Kessel, M., 3664Kessler, Annette C., 1412Khale-Kumar, Ameeta, 6052Khan, Shahid, 2169Khelef, Nadia, 6679Khorana, H. Gobind, 1555Khosla, Chaitan, 2197

VOL. 175, 1993

vi AUTHOR INDEX

Kieffer-Higgins, Stephen, 3303Kihara, May, 802Kiino, Diane R., 7074, 7081Kil, Ki-Soo, 7762Kilbey, Brian J., 2607Kilburn, D. G., 1910Kim, Augustine Y., 3838Kim, Heenam, 5575Kim, John S., 3570Kim, N. W., 7468Kim, Soo-Ki, 1316Kim, Su-Ryang, 5035Kimura, Norio, 4427Kinder, Susan A., 840King, Rodney A., 7724Kingsley, Mark T., 5839Kitamura, Yoshihiro, 5176Kitten, Todd, 2516Kivisaar, Maia, 8038Klebl, Franz, 2102Klein, Russell, 7150Klein, Wolfgang, 1682Klemes, Yoel, 7720Klena, John D., 1524Klimpel, Kurt R., 5329Klipp, Werner, 3031Klose, Karl E., 4267Knackmuss, Hans-Joachim,2994

Knauf, Vic C., 6881Knob, Christopher, 4298Knol, Jan, 4315Knowles, Jonathan K. C.,

1392Kobayashi, Ichizo, 5176Kobayashi, Mieko, 2907, 6179Kobayashi, Yasuo, 4071, 4081Koch, A. L., 5690Koebnik, Ralf, 826Koehler, Jane E., 1785Kogoma, Tokio, 6731, 7247,

7254Kohler, Hans-Peter E., 1621Kohler, Stephan, 3491Kohnle, Angelika, 4045Koide, Akiko, 3749Kojima, Mineo, 3208Kok, Jan, 2087, 7523Kolen, Carin P. A. M., 6089Kolenbrander, Paul E., 572,3247

Kolibachuk, Dana, 7307Kolman, Connie, 1433Kolodner, Richard D., 277Kolst0, Anne-Brit, 1053Kolter, Roberto, 5642Koltin, Yigal, 5683Komano, Teruya, 2271, 4545,

5035Komano, Tohru, 2750Komatsu, Keiko, 2334Komatsubara, Saburo, 785,959

Kondo, Koichi, 6857Kondo, Satoru, 1532Konig, Helmut, 4515Konings, Wil N., 200, 1075,

2052, 2060, 2087, 2864, 5438Konisky, Jordan, 5677Koplin, Reinhard, 7786Kornacki, Jon A., 5078Kortstee, Gerard J. J., 200Kosic, Neven, 6113

Kossmann, Marina, 5655Kostka, Susanne, 5867Kotilainen, Mika M., 3089Kottwitz, Brunhilde, 2809Koukoli'koval-Nicola, Zdena,

723Kousoulas, Konstantin G.,487

Kovacic, R., 5281Kovacs, S. A., 1871Kovari, Iulia, 941Kovari, Ladislau Z., 941Kow, Yoke Wah, 561Kozaki, Michio, 7945Kozliak, Evguenii I., 1443Krebes, Kathleen, 4597, 7363Krebs, Mark P., 1555, 6932Krell, P. J., 7666Kremer, John, 4824Kreps, Sabine, 1674Krishnan, B. Rajendra, 909Krook, Maria, 1590Krska, Julie, 6433Krulwich, Terry A., 647Kruus, Kristiina, 1293Krzycki, Joseph, 4824Kuenzler, Markus, 5548Kuhner, Carla H., 3195Kuipers, Oscar P., 2578Kulaeva, Olga I., 5411Kuldau, Gretchen A., 5233Kulthanan, Kanokvalai, 7483Kumagai, Hidehiko, 6038Kumagai, Keiko, 3844Kumamoto, Carol A., 2184,

2255, 4036Kumar, Ganesh K., 5301Kumar, Sushil, 5009Kundig, Christoph, 613Kunji, Edmund, 7523Kunji, Edmund R. S., 2052Kunkel, Barbara N., 4859Kuramitsu, H. K., 6220Kuroda, Akio, 6260Kurosawa, Shin-Ichi, 2750Kusano, Kohji, 5176Kusano, Tomonobu, 1019Kushner, Sidney R., 229, 341,

1043Kusian, Bernhard, 7329Kustu, Sydney, 2479, 4267,

7683

Labarre, Jean, 1001Labes, Monika, 2662, 2674Labigne, Agnes, 3278Labischinski, Harald, 1612,

2779Lacalle, Rosa A., 7474Lacks, Sanford A., 2214LaDuca, Richard, 4062Lagoni, Ole R., 5791LaGrandeur, Thomas E., 5043Lahue, Elaine E., 2221Lai, Xiaokuang, 6441Lamblin, Anne F., 1443Lamblin, Anne-Francoise J.,7990

Lamont, Iain, 5286Lampson, Bert C., 4250Lange, Cleston, 2640Lange, Cleston C., 411Lange, Roland, 259, 7910

Langella, Philippe, 5806Langford, Paul R., 2462Lanka, E., 4911Lanka, Erich, 6415LaPorte, David C., 4572, 6194LaQuier, Frank, 2445Lara, J. Cano, 4962Larsson, Christer, 4809Larsson, Katrin, 2205Latimer, Matthew T., 6822Latour, D. J., 6671Lavinia, Magela, 5420Lavitola, Alfredo, 8030Lawlor, E. J., 1995Lawrence, Christopher W.,2607

Lawrence, Jeffrey G., 3303Lazzaroni, Jean-Claude, 6059Le, Oscar, 7707Leahy, Joseph G., 1838Leblon, Gerard, 1001Leblond, Pierre, 3422Lecadet, Marguerite M., 2952Le Caer, J.-P., 85Lee, Chao-Hung, 674Lee, Chia Y., 1095Lee, Heung-Shick, 2479, 7683Lee, Mong Hong, 6836Lee, Paul, 647Lee, Stephen C., 3067Lee, Yong-Eok, 5890Leenhouts, Kees J., 2087Leguijt, Tina, 1629Lehtovaara, Paivi, 1392Leighton, Terrance, 2880Leirmo, Sigrid, 1580Leiser, Andreas, 3511Leisinger, Thomas, 1187, 5945Le Loir, Yves, 5806Lemaire, Marc, 3353Lemke, Karen, 767Lentz, Michael J., 5785Leonard, Jessica, 1173Leonardo, Michael R., 870Leppla, Stephen H., 5329Lereclus, Didier, 2952Lesca, Claire, 642Leskiw, B. K., 1995Lessl, Monika, 6415Letoffe, Sylvie, 7321Letourneau, Sylvain, 4985Leuker, Andreas, 5520Levengood-Freyermuth,Sharyn K., 222

Levine, Arthur S., 5411Levy, Stuart B., 1484, 7856Lewis, Laura J., 1756U, Congyi, 2229, 2236, 2564Li, Lhing-Yew, 6134, 6588Li, Na, 4456Li, Sheng-Feng, 3648Li, Shyr-Jiann, 332Li, Ziyi, 7492Li, Zusheng, 8000Liang, Jihong, 1697Liao, James C., 6939Licudine, Rachel, 7074Lidstrom, Mary E., 3767,

3776Liebi, Wolfgang, 7488Liesegang, Heiko, 767Ligozzi, Marco, 2046Lillehaug, Dag, 1745

Lim, Chun-Keun, 4492Lim, Young-Hee, 4213Limauro, Danila, 8030Lin, E. C. C., 6671Lin, Feng, 684Lin, H. C., 7383Lin, Janine T.- 2370Lin, Zaw, 3844Lin-Chao, Sue, 4245Lindberg, Alf A., 3408Lindenbach, Brett D., 3195Lindquist, Susan, 6484Lindqvist, Bj0m H., 7724Lindqvist, Lennart, 3408Lindsey, George G., 6105Lipscomb, John D., 4414,6194

Little, John W., 4943, 7373,7541

Litwin, Christine M., 706Liu, Chongguang, 2363Liu, Dan, 3408Liu, Ju, 7441Liu, Mu Ya, 4744Liu, Shi-Kau, 6518Liu, Shu-Lin, 4104, 7624Liu, Wei, 5350Livingston, Dennis M., 6194Llanos, Roxana M., 2541Lloyd, Robert G., 4325Locher, Hans H., 1075Loewen, Peter C., 2150Logan, Myke, 2445Lois, Augusto F., 1103Lombardi, R., 7468London, Jack, 3247Long, Sharon R., 6553Loper, John C., 6062Lopes, John M., 4235Lopez, Paloma, 2214Lopez-Lara, Isabel M., 2826Lorenz, David, 3934Lory, Stephen, 4375, 4962,

7463Losick, Richard, 528, 1705,

7341Lottspeich, Friedrich, 4045Louie, H., 7468Louise, Charles J., 2229, 2236Lovett, Charles M., Jr., 6842Lovett, Michael A., 4129,4225

Lovett, Paul S., 5309Lovett, Susan T., 6118Lowe, S. E., 5890Lu, A-Lien, 541Lu, Chung-Dar, 3897Lu, Hong-Mei, 7463Lubitz, Werner, 1038Lucey, Mary, 6002Ludden, Paul W., 1358, 3693,

6781Luirink, Joen, 1543Lundemose, Anker G., 1785,3669

Lutkenhaus, Joe, 1118, 3790Lynch, A. Simon, 1645

Ma, Dzwokai, 2037, 6299Ma, Kesen, 1823Macario, Alberto J. L., 3115MacDonald, A. Bruce, 684Machtelinckx, Lieve, 4930

J. BACTEkRIOL.

AUTHOR INDEX vii

Maclnnes, Janet I., 7228MacLachlan, P. Ronald, 5384,

7515Macmillan, James D., 6760Macnab, Robert M., 802, 3131Macnaughton, Edward J.,

4405MacNeil, Douglas J., 2552MacNeil, Tanya, 2552Madan, Anuradha P., 7301Maddock, Janine R., 7125Madduri, Krishnamurthy,

3900Madhusudhan, K. T., 3934Madigan, Michael T., 474Maftah, A., 3232Magasanik, Boris, 7441Magee, B. B., 6637Magee, P. T., 386, 6637Magner, William J., 5301Maguin, Emmanuelle, 3628Mah, R., 1995Mahan, Michael J., 288, 519,

7086Mahdi, Akeel A., 4325Maher, Declan, 2175Maier, Robert J., 128, 295Maier, Thomas, 630Maigaard, Marianne, 5628Majumdar, Mona L., 4688Makino, Kozo, 1316Makris, John C., 1264Malamy, Michael H., 5814Malmberg, Li-Hong, 6916Maloy, Stanley, 307Malumbres, Marcos, 2743,

7356Mandal, Asim Kumar, 8024Mandal, Tikshna N., 4325Mandrand-Berthelot,

Marie-Andree, 214Mandrell, R. E., 4565Maneewannakul, Kesmanee,

1375, 1384, 1528Maneewannakul, Sumit, 1384Manen, Danielle, 4165Mani, Nagraj, 1493Manias, Dawn A., 5253Mankin, A. S., 1081Mantis, Nicholas J., 6626Marais, Armelle, 2783Marciset, Olivier, 4315Marconi, Richard T., 926Marcus, John P., 6505Margolin, William, 6553Margolis, Peter S., 528Marino, G., 299Marinus, M. G., 3972Marison, Ian, 4809Marlow, Gary C., 5839Marolda, Cristina L., 148Marquis, Claude, 4790Marsic, Natasa, 4738Martin, D. W., 1153Martin, Franck, 7356Martin, Jennifer, 2943Martin, Juan F., 2743, 7356Martin, Larry E., 4154Martinez-Canamero,

Magdalena, 4756Martinez de Tejada, G., 5273Martinich, Carleen, 4225Martin-Nieto, Jos6, 5710

Marzluf, George A., 6755Masaki, Haruhiko, 7945Mason, A. Brett, 2632Masten, Barbara J., 5359Masters, Millicent, 2788, 4405Masuda, Yuji, 6850Mateos, Luis M., 2743, 7356Mathee, Kalai, 5314Mathews, Christopher K., 6377Mathur, Shashank, 6717Matin, A., 2143Matson, Steven W., 2221,

2599, 4641Matsubara, Yukari, 1032Matsui, Hidenori, 1257, 2907Matsumura, Philip, 6238Matsunaga, Tadashi, 6689Matsuo, Shinji, 758Mattern, Sibylle G., 1213Matthews, Rowena G., 7160Maurer, Russell, 4260Mayo, B., 2087, 3918McBride, Mark J., 4936McCann, M. P., 2143McCarter, Linda L., 3361McClain, Mark S., 27, 4335McClarty, Grant, 4652, 4662McCleary, William R., 2793McClelland, Michael, 973,

3913, 6945McCorkle, George M., 7066McDaniel, Robert, 2197McDowall, Kenneth J., 4245McFadden, Bruce A., 2263,

3981McFarland, Lisa, 2255McHenry, Charles S., 3812,

5604McIntire, William S., 5617McIver, Kevin S., 4008McNally, Catherine, 7363McNicholas, Paul, 4927McPherson, Carol A., 2943McTavish, Hugh, 2436, 2445Mechulam, Yves, 993, 4507Mecsas, Joan, 661Meganathan, R., 4917Mehmann, Brigitta, 1061Meighen, Edward A., 3856Meijer, W. G., 6097Meinke, A., 1910Meinnel, Thierry, 993, 7737Mekalanos, John J., 519,

3844, 7086Melaugh, William, 2702Meletzus, Dietmar, 2131Menard, Robert, 5899Mendelson, Neil H., 5000Mendez, Carmen, 8043Mendonca, Veera M., 4641Mengaud, Jerome M., 5666Mengin-Lecreulx, Dominique,

2970, 6150Merah, M., 4239Mercado-Blanco, Jesus, 5403Mercereau-Puijalon, Odile,

5488Mergeay, Max, 779, 1674Merida, Angel, 5710Messner, Paul, 1250, 4515Metcalf, William W., 3430Meyers, Paul R., 6105Michaux, Sylvie, 701

Michaux-Charachon, Sylvie,7869

Michel, Gerard P. F., 3228-Michelsen, Ole, 5791Mierau, Igor, 2087Miller, Chaya, 3204Miller, George, 6492Miller, James N., 4129, 4225Miller, Jeff F., 3468, 4129Miller, Paul F., 2888Miller, R. C., Jr., 1910Miller, Samuel I., 4475Mills, Scott D., 1656Milner, J. S., 6082Miloso, Mariarosaria, 8030Min, JingJuan, 6245Min, You-Nong, 5350Minion, F. Chris, 7842Minnich, Elizabeth C., 3776Minton, Kenneth W., 3581Mintz, Yael, 1375Mislovati, Margarita, 5159Misra, Rajeev, 5049Missiakas, Dominique, 2613,5009

Mitchell, Wilfrid J., 2137,2758

Mito, Seiji, 2645Miyakawa, Kazuko, 6850Miyake, Katsuhide, 2006Miyamoto, Katsushiro, 176Miyao, Akio, 4071, 4081Miyasaki, Shelley H., 6126Miyata, Makoto, 655Mizobuchi, Kiyoshi, 5375Mizuno, Hideaki, 7138Mizuno, Takeshi, 6142Mizushima, Shoji, 1032, 2754,

7463Mobley, Harry L. T., 457, 465Modak, Hemalata V., 7109Moe-Kirvan, C., 1871Mok, Theresa, 3115Mol, Olaf, 1543Molenaar, Douwe, 2864, 5438Molero, G., 6562Molinas, Catherine, 117Mollet, Beat, 4315Monday, Steven R., 4780Monk, Brian C., 5566Monnier, C., 4239Montagnier, L., 5281Montesi, A., 6562Montie, Thomas C., 2458Mooi, Frits R., 141Moore, Deanna, 1375Moore, E. R. B., 1467Moore, John B., 2692Moore, Terry, 1596Moralejo, Pilar, 5585Moran, Charles P., Jr., 1705Moran, Michael J., 7228Moreno, Felipe, 5420Morett, Enrique, 6067Morgan, David Gene, 133Morgan, Hugh W., 4772Mori, Hirotada, 1344Morikawa, Masaaki, 6459Morimura, Shigeru, 1344Morita, Naoki, 916Moriy6n, I., 5273Morohoshi, Fumiko, 6010Morrison, Donald A., 6364

Morton, Bradley S., 2221Morton, Brad S., 2599Morton, Teresa M., 4436Motamedi, Haideh, 3876, 7571Moukha, Serge M., 3672Mount, David W., 7373, 7505Moxon, E. Richard, 2462Mrsa, Vladimir, 2102Mueller, John P., 4605Mukherjee, Amit, 3240Mulder, Egbert, 2241Mulhern, P. J., 1946Muller, Gerhard, 1206Muller, Karl-Heinz, 2523Muller, M. Michelle, 6059Mullin, Ann H., 367Mullin, David A., 367, 2067Mulvey, Michael R., 2150Munakata, Nobuo, 6010Munck, Eckard, 4414Mundfrom, Gary, 2445Munoz-Dorado, Jose, 4756,

1176Munson, Mark A., 6426Munson, Robert S., Jr., 4569Murata, Kazuyoshi, 1352Murata, Norio, 544, 6056Murata, Satoru, 6459Murooka, Yoshikatsu, 6287Murphy, Cynthia G., 5814Murphy, Kenan C., 1756Murphy, Peter J., 5193, 5205Murphy, Phillip J., 5205Murray, Barbara E., 5216Murray, Jeffrey S., 6314Muthukumar, Ganapathy, 386Mygind, Bende, 2809Mylius, Eric-Jan, 3672

Nadim, Louise M., 395Nagarajan, Vasantha, 5697Nagata, Yuji, 6403Nagy, Peter L., 7066Najimudin, Nazalan, 3863Nakamura, Katsuhito, 4800Nakamura, Kazunori, 80Nakamura, Kouji, 4203, 4885Nakano, Michiko M., 3188,

3502Nakata, Atsuo, 1316Narberhaus, Franz, 7683Nariya, Tomoki, 6403Neal, Brian L., 7115Nealson, Kenneth H., 7938Neidhardt, Frederick C.,

1961, 3734, 3744, 3949,5145, 7105, 7170

Neidle, Ellen L., 2292, 2304Neijssel, Oense M., 3020Nelson, William C., 2221,

2599Nemecek-Marshall, Michele,

4062, 7216Neshat, Shadi, 4597, 7363Nester, Eugene W., 723, 4790,

6614, 6830, 7880Neuhard, J., 4137Newlands, Janet T., 661Newnham, Peter, 7697Newton, Austin, 367, 2067Newton, Gerald L., 2734Ng, D., 7468Ng, Wai-Lap, 4584

VOL. 175, 1993

viii AUTHOR INDEX

Ngai, Ka-Leung, 2994Ngai, Philip K., 3710Nguyen, Lam H., 7982Nguyen, N., 3664Nicholson, Eric B., 465Nicholson, Wayne L., 1735Nick, Harry S., 3784Nierzwicki-Bauer, Sandra A.,

7301Niimi, Masakazu, 5566Niimura, Youichi, 7945Nijhuis, Monique, 5168Nikaido, Hiroshi, 6299Niki, Hironori, 1344, 1352Nikkola, Matti, 1392Ninfa, Alexander J., 2793,

7016, 7024Ninfa, Elizabeth G., 7024Nishibuchi, Mitsuaki, 3844Nishiguchi, Mitsuru, 4885Nishimura, Yukinobu, 6850Nixon, B. Tracy, 604Nohmi, Takehiko, 5539Noller, Harry F., 5297Nombela, C., 6562Nomoto, Tsuyoshi, 4400Normark, S. J., 966Norrod, E. Pinina, 1173North, Anne K., 4267North, Stan, 6908Norton, Peter J., 3784Notley, Lucinda, 1475Nunn, David N., 4375, 4962Nunoshiba, Tatsuo, 7492Nurk, Allan, 8038Nygaard, P., 3591Nystrom, Thomas, 3949

Obaya, Alvaro J., 3220Oberto, Jacques, 693O'Brian, Mark R., 2154, 7222O'Brien, David A., 2037Ochman, Howard, 7863O'Connell, Michael, 94O'Connor, Lawrence T., 4681Oden, Kristine L., 3020O'Donnell, Michael E., 6018Oesterhelt, Dieter, 2720O'Gara, Thomas M., 6842Oguiza, Jose A., 2743, 7356Ogura, Teru, 1344, 1352Ohkubo, Shuichi, 5993Ohman, Dennis E., 1303,

4008, 4145, 4780, 5057, 7658Ohnishi, Kenji, 7945Ohsumi, Mariko, 5714Ohsumi, Yoshinori, 5714Ohta, Hisako, 7483Ohtomo, Ryo, 6403Ohtsubo, Eiichi, 4466, 6850Okada, Nobuhiko, 7561Okahashi, Nobuo, 4345Okami, Yoshiro, 176Okamoto, Kathleen, 3964,

4290Okazaki, Noriko, 758Oke, Valerie, 7341Okumura, Hajime, 4307Okuyama, Hidetoshi, 916Olivares, Jose, 2826, 5403Oliver, Ian R., 4405Olivera, Baldomero M., 1235Olivera, Hiram, 7705

Olmsted, Stephen B., 6229Olsen, A. N., 966Olsen, Mary K., 7092Olsen, Scott G., 6269Olson, Edwin S., 6890Olson, Joan C., 898, 4008Olson, Lyn D., 3224Olszewski, Julie, 229Olz, Regine, 2205Omori, Kenji, 785, 959Omura, Satoshi, 2077O'Neil, J., 1871Onrust, Rene, 6018op den Camp, Ingrid E. L.,

7976Orgambide, Guy, 2826Orgambide, Guy G., 4922Orikoshi, Hideyuki, 176Orndorff, Paul E., 2770Ornston, L. Nicholas, 2994,4499

Orosz, Elizabeth, 6492Orser, Cindy S., 411, 2640Orsini, G., 85Osburne, Marcia S., 6203Oshima, Tairo, 1532Osuna, Robert, 1580Oswald, Brigitte, 4851O'Toole, George A., 3317,

6328Otten, Leon, 3151Otto, Christopher J., 1126Ottolenghi, Abramo C., 1537Oudega, Bauke, 1543Ouhammouch, M., 85Ouyang, Ling, 3581Ozcan, Sabire, 5520

Pace, Norman R., 5043Packer, Helen L., 6041Pages, Jean-Marie, 2754Paillisson, Jocelyne, 701Paltauf, Fritz, 2853Pang, Chang-Hong, 2077Pang, Huiling, 3893Paquelin, Annick, 2507Paradis, F. W., 7666Parales, Rebecca E., 5829Paravicini, Gerhard, 5548Park, James T., 7Park, Vicki M., 5301Parke, Donna, 3529Parker, Anita C., 2682Parsell, Dawn A., 6484Parsot, Claude, 2189, 5899Patel, G. B., 1191Patil, Suresh S., 6451Patnaik, Ranjan, 6939Paulus, Francois, 3151Paustian, Timothy D., 4907Pazzani, Carlo, 5978, 5984Pearce, John H., 3669Pedersen, Lotte Bang, 1785Peeters, Marcel, 141Pei, Zhiheng, 4979Peist, Ralf, 5655Pendland, J. C., 5962Penn, Charles W., 3669Penttila, Merja E., 1392Peoples, Oliver P., 4096, 5289Pereda, Ana, 8043Perez-Aranda, Agustin, 2162Perfect, John R., 1405

Perkins-Olson, Patricia E.,4414

Pernodet, Jean-Luc, 5529Perolat, Phillipe, 973Persson, Britt C., 7776Perussia, Bice, 8014Peterson, Kenneth R., 7505Peterson, Scott N., 7918Petit, Claude, 642Petit, F., 4239Petitdemange, HI., 3452Petter, Jean G., 4354Pettis, Gregg S., 3067Pfeifer, J. D., 966Phillips, J. P., 7666Phillips, Nancy J., 2702Phillips, Nelson F. B., 5301Pi, Jing, 7500Pier, Gerald B., 1605, 5117Pierrard, Jerome, 1358Piggot, Patrick J., 1886Piras, Graziella, 2844Pisabarro, Agustin, 2743, 7356Pittaluga, Fabrizia, 2046Pittard, A. J., 1767, 2895,

6372, 6476, 7500Plano, Gregory V., 3536Plapp, Roland, 2052, 7290Platko, Jill V., 1110Plumbridge, J. A., 4951Plumbridge, Jacqueline A.,

7178Pohlman, Robert F., 2423Polisky, Barry, 428Pollock, W. Brent R., 4699Polman, Joyce, 2578Pon, Ning G., 6299Pontis, Elisabeth, 1590Poole, Keith, 317, 4597, 5882,

7363Poole, Philip S., 291Poolman, Bert, 1075, 2052,

2060, 4315, 7523Popham, David L., 2767,

2917, 4870Popoff, Michel R., 7260Popolo, Laura, 1879Poquet, Isabelle, 3798Porello, Silvia, 1879Portalier, Raymond, 6059Posthumus, Maarten A., 750Poteete, Anthony R., 4712Poth, Harald, 7313Poulet, Sylvie, 4255Pouwels, Peter H., 6089Powlowski, Justin, 377Pradel, Elizabeth, 1524Prakash-Cheng, Ainu, 4905Praszkier, J., 2895, 6476Price, Chester W., 3957, 3964,

7931Price, G. Dean, 2871Priefer, Ursula B., 7786Priest, Fergus G., 2137Prieto, Maria A., 2162Primerano, Donald A., 386Prince, Robert W., 2589Provoost, Ann, 779Pu, Frances, 4025Pucci, Michael J., 111Pugsley, Anthony P., 5488Puhler, Alfred, 7786Pullias, Elizabeth L., 1838

Pum, D., 2762

Qi, Ying, 3749Qin, Bin, 4652Que, Quideng, 3913Quinn, K. P., 4565Quirk, Philip G., 647

Rabin, Ross S., 3259Rabinowitch, Haim D., 5324Rabinowitz, Jesse C., 2880Radding, Charles M., 1844Radicella, J. Pablo, 7732Raetz, Christian R. H., 5745Rai, Rajendra, 64Raina, Satish, 2613, 5009Raineri, Deanna, 723Rainey, Frederick A., 4772Rajagopal, Basavapatna S.,2357

RajBhandary, Uttam L., 3703Raksin, Patricia, 6049Ralph, David, 973, 3913Ramasubramanian, T. S., 4025Ramaswamy, Srinivas V.,

7762Ramos, Cynthia, 723Ramos, Juan L., 2278Rampersaud, Arfaan, 1956Ramuz, Michel, 701, 7869Ranade, Koustubh, 4712Rao, Narayana N., 74Raoult, D., 4895Rapoza, Maria P., 1856Rapp-Giles, Barbara J., 4121Rappuoli, Rino, 4764Rastogi, Vipin, 2662Rastogi, Vipin K., 1919Rather, Philip N., 6492Rathsam, Catherine, 4520Ratinaud, M. H., 3232Rawlings, Douglas E., 6105Raze, Dominique, 2844Reddy, K. J., 1284Redenbach, Matthias, 3422Redfield, Ann R., 3957, 7931Redfield, Rosemary J., 7142Reed, Kelynne E., 1325Reeves, Peter R., 1412, 3408,

4877, 7115Reichard, Peter, 1590Reidl, Joachim, 5655Reigh, Geraldine, 94Reij, Martine W., 4699Reilly, Bernard E., 2357Reilly, Pat, 5289Rein Carlson, Cathrine, 1053Reineke, Walter, 6075Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara,7056

Reissbrodt, Rolf, 2727Reitzer, Lawrence J., 190,2692

Reizer, Jonathan, 2758, 6599Remaut, Erik, 7639Renaudin, Joel, 2783Renault, D., 3232Renault, Pierre, 4383, 4391Renna, Maria C., 3863Resnik, Ernesto, 4572Reuber, T. Lynne, 3653, 7033,

7045Reuhs, Bradley L., 3570Reusch, Rosetta N., 4922

J. BACTlEfRIOL.

AUTHOR INDEX ix

Reyes, Oscar, 1001Reyrat, Jean-Marc, 6867Reznikoff, William S., 1165,

1264, 6932Rice, Scott A., 4250Richards, William R., 4834Richardson, Helena, 5286Richaud, Pierre, 7404Richter, Gerald, 4045Riedel, H.-D., 2833Ritz, Harald, 4045Rivellini, Flavia, 8030Rizzo, Marguerite F., 6970Roberts, Gary P., 1358, 4907,

6781Roberts, Ian S., 5978, 5984Roberts, Irving, 1309Roberts, I. S., 6082Roberts, Mary F., 74, 4087Roberts, Pamela D., 5839Robinson, Jayne B., 2284Robinson, John A., 3511Rochefort, Deborah A., 3679Rock, Charles O., 3723Rodriguez-Barbosa, Ignacio,5717

Rodriguez-Ferri, Elias F.,5717

Rodrfguez-Quinmones,Francisco, 2926

Rodzevich, Olga V., 4843Rogers, Elizabeth J., 5309Roggiani, Manuela, 3182Roje, Sanja, 4738Rojo, M. Angeles, 6721Roland, Kenneth L., 4154Romeo, Tony, 4744Ron, Eliora Z., 3026, 3083Roncal, Tomas, 879Rondon, Michelle R., 3317Roof, William D., 3909, 6939Ropp, J. Dezz, 6028Rosen, Barry P., 351Rosenberg, Alan H., 716Rosenberg, Mel, 5683Rosenow, Carsten, 5978Rosey, Everett L., 7092Rosner, Judah L., 7856Ross, R. Paul, 5216Ross, Wilma, 1580Rossi, Maddalena, 4699Rostkowski, Christine A., 892Roth, John R., 1457, 3303,

7200Rothman-Denes, Lucia B.,

7074, 7081Rothmel, Randi K., 417Rothstein, David M., 4927Rott, Marc A., 358Rottem, Shlomo, 6599, 6652Rouch, Duncan A., 3669Rousset, Marc, 3388, 4121Roux, V., 4895Rouxhet, P. G., 5135Rowland, Raymond R. R.,

7247Rowley, Karla B., 1309, 6451Rownd, Robert H., 3161, 5350Roy, Kenneth L., 37Rubenfield, Marc, 3303Rude, Thomas H., 1405Rudner, Rivka, 503Ruggles, James A., 7216

Ruhfel, Robert E., 5253Ruiz, Sonia M., 4985Russel, Marjorie, 3998Russell, D. G., 966Russell, Perry W., 2770Russell, Roy R. B., 1853, 5925Russell, W. C., 3253Russo, Thomas A., 7617Rustchenko, Elena P., 7189Ryu, Junichi, 4905

Saffarini, Daad A., 7938Sagara, Yasuhiro, 7828Sahara, Takehiko, 6873Sahlman, Lena, 377Sahm, Hermann, 3905, 5595Saier, Milton H., Jr., 568,

2758, 6599Saint, Christopher P., 5205Saint Girons, Isabelle, 5445Saito, Kenji, 758Sakaguchi, Toshifumi, 6689Sakai, Hiroshi, 2750Sakai, Yasuyoshi, 3556Sakakibara, Yoshikiyo, 4203Sakakibara, Yoshimasa, 5559Sakumi, Kunihiko, 2455Salaj-gmic, Erika, 4738Salas, Jos6 A., 8043Salazar, Crescencio, 1735Salhi, Bachira, 5000Salin, Marvin L., 4197Salman, Michael, 6652Salom6n, Rau'l A., 7741Salyers, Abigail A., 6134,

6578, 6588Samols, David, 5301Samuels, D. Scott, 926Samyn, Bart, 1814Sanangelantoni, Anna Maria,

2961Sancar, Aziz, 7509Sanchez, M., 6562Sanchez, Yolanda, 6484Sanchez-Salas, Jose-Luis,2568

Sanderson, Kenneth E., 4104,7624

Sandler, Steven, 7673Sandt, Carol H., 2799San Francisco, Michael J. D.,4263

Sankar, Pushpam, 5145Sannia, G., 299Sano, Yumiko, 912, 1257,

2451, 2907, 6179San Segundo, Pedro, 3823Sansonetti, Philippe J., 2189,5899

Santos, Helena, 3941Sara, Margit, 2248Sarsero, J., 1767Sasakawa, Chihiro, 2334, 6142Sasaki, Ken, 4569Sasaki, Shoji, 6873Satin, Leslie, 7673Sato, Tsutomu, 4071Satoh, Ryohei, 5953Sauer, Uwe, 3394Sauerwald, Helga, 3730Sauter, Martin, 630Savage, Dwayne C., 4681Sawers, Gary, 5769

Saxena, Pratibha, 6663Sayavedra-Soto, Luis A., 3414Scappino, Lori, 1697Scappino, Lori A., 5268Scarano, G., 299Scarlato, Vincenzo, 4764Schaefer, Michael R., 575,5701

Schaferjohann, Jens, 7329Schairer, Hans Ulrich, 905,7479

Schell, Jeff, 5193Schell, Mark A., 6169Schicho, Richard N., 1823Schilke, Brenda A., 358Schiller, Neal L., 4780Schlegel, Hans-Gunter, 767Schleifer, Karl-Heinz, 7488Schleyer, Manfred, 6925Schlomann, Michael, 2994,

6745Schluchter, Wendy M., 3343Schmid, Andreas, 1621Schmid, Erich R., 1250Schmidt, Hermann, 544Schmidt, Thomas M., 6062Schmidt-Goff, Cheryl M.,

1806Schnaitman, Carl A., 1524Schneider, Beate, 5867Schneider, B. John, 411Schneider, Henriette, 2809Schoenhals, Gary, 5395Schon, Claudia, 6212Schon, Ulrike, 2465Schoolnik, Gary K., 7391Schoulaker-Schwarz, Rachel,7720

Schreiber, Rachel, 623, 5159Schreier, Harold J., 892Schroeder, Ulrich, 7290Schulz, Gerhard, 1250Schulze, Karen L., 4235Schumann, Wolfgang, 2465Schupp, Thomas, 3295Schuster, H., 2833Schuster-Kolbe, Judith, 1250Schwacha, Anthony, 2107,2116

Schwinde, J6rg W., 3905Sciore, Paul, 7624Scoarughi, Gian Luca, 6659Scopes, Robert K., 3926Sechi, Leonardo A., 3213Sedlak, Miroslav, 8049Seery, Liam, 1988Segal, Gil, 3026, 3083Segel, Irwin H., 5762Segovia, Lorenzo, 6067Seibert, Volker, 6745Seifritz, Corinna, 8008Sekiguchi, Akio Kuroda

Junichi, 795Sekiguchi, Junichi, 6260Sekiguchi, Mutsuo, 2455Sekiya, Kachiko, 5953Selby, Christopher P., 7509Sella, Carmen, 5339Selvaratnam, Shivi, 6982Sen, Kikuo, 2750Seol, Wongi, 565Serror, Pascale, 4290Setlow, Barbara, 1367

Setlow, Peter, 1367, 1423,2501, 2568, 2767, 2917,4870, 6337

Sezonov, Guennadi, 5529Shah, Vinod K., 4907Shanabruch, William G., 541Shang, Ellen S., 4225Shapiro, James A., 2625Shapiro, Lucille, 6970, 7125Sharif, Taraneh R., 5460Sharkova, Elena, 3749Sharma, V., 4917Sharma, Vineet, 7673Sharples, Gary J., 4325Shatkin, Aaron J., 565Shaw, Karen J., 6492Shazand, Kamran, 2880Shean, C. S., 7471Shechter, E., 266Shen, Binghui, 7707Shen, Hao, 5916Shen, Zhiwei, 1865Shenoy, Bhami C., 5301Shepherd, Maxwell G., 5566Sherburne, Richard, 2175Sherman, David H., 2197,

6916Sherman, Debra M., 1284Sherman, Fred, 7189Sherman, Louis A., 1284Shi, Wenyuan, 2229, 2236,

5785, 7711Shi, Xiaolu, 1182Shiau, Sheng-Ping, 190, 2692Shibahara, Akira, 916Shiffman, Dov, 6767Shiga, Yasuhiro, 7130Shiga, Yoko, 7138Shimkets, Lawrence J., 3636,

3648Shimonishi, Yasutsugu, 6459Shinagawa, Hideo, 1316Shingler, Victoria, 377, 1596Shinkai, Kaori, 916Shinomiya, Tomoyuki, 1257Shirazi, Idit, 6652Shoemaker, Nadja B., 6134,

6578, 6588Short, Steven A., 4625Shoseyov, Oded, 5762Shrader, Thomas E., 4364Siddiqui, Roman A., 767, 5867Sidow, Thomas, 1612, 2779Sieberth, Veit, 5984Siede, Wolfram, 6345Siemering, K. R., 2895Siezen, Roland J., 2578Silhavy, Thomas J., 3327Silva, V., 1871Silver, Simon, 3480Silverman, David, 1443Silverman, Philip M., 921Simon, Marie-Noelle, 5022Simon, Melvin I., 2097Simons, Annet, 1637Simons, Guus, 1637, 5168Singer, Miriam S., 7081Singh, Gagan, 7617Singh, Kavindra V., 5216Sinskey, Anthony J., 4096,5289

Siranosian, Kathryn Jaacks,6789

VOL. 175, 1993

x AUTHOR INDEX

Sirko, Agnieszka, 5769Sit, Tim L., 2475Skarstad, Kirsten, 5505Skladny, Heyko, 905, 7479Sklan, D., 5324Skold, Ola, 1796Skrzypek, Elzbieta, 3520Slack, Frank J., 4605Slater, Steven, 4260Slauch, James M., 7086Sleytr, U. B., 2762Sleytr, Uwe B., 1250, 2248Sligar, Stephen G., 6028Small, Pam L. C., 4817Smeltzer, Mark S., 7875Smid, Eddy J., 2052Smith, Alison G., 2125Smith, C. Jeffrey, 2682Smith, D. G. E., 3253Smith, J. M., 3591Smith, Kerry, 3607, 3618Smith, Michael J., 291Smith, Michael P., 2393Smith, Richard W. P., 2788Sobral, Bruno W. S., 6945Socha, Douglas, 589Sockett, Hilary, 802Soda, Kenji, 4213Sofuni, Toshio, 5539Sokatch, John R., 3934Soll, Dieter, 1433, 1452Solomon, Marie J., 159Soltes, Glenn A., 7228Som, Subhendu, 6293Somerville, Ronald L., 303,

1777Soncini, Fernando C., 1514Sonenshein, Abraham L.,

4605Song, Jian, 4729Song, Yan-Nong, 6830Sonneveld, Edwin, 5706Soppa, Jorg, 2720Soranno, Mary, 358S0rensen, K. I., 4137South, Suzanne L., 2458Southam, G., 1946Southam, Gordon, 7550Souza, J. M., 4951Sozhamannan, S., 3546Spain, Jim C., 1831Sparling, P. Frederick, 811,2448

Speed, Robert R., 159Speelmans, Gea, 2060Spiers, A. J., 4016Spitznagel, John K., 4154Sprenger, Wander W., 3096Springael, Dirk, 1674Sprott, G. D., 1191Spudich, John L., 7755Stacey, Gary, 4250Stackebrandt, Erko, 4772Stadler-Fritzsche, Karin, 6745Stanisich, Vilma A., 448Stanley, Daniel C., 6890Stanton, Thad B., 2980Staskawicz, Brian J., 4859Stassi, Diane, 182Stauffer, George V., 5129,5862

Stauffer, G. V., 902Stauffer, Lorraine T., 5129

Staver, Michael J., 182Stedman, Kenneth M., 4267Steed, Paul M., 6797Steele, James L., 6341Steenbergen, Susan M., 8018Stegehuis, Freek, 1543Steidler, Lothar, 7639Steiert, P. S., 902Stein, Murry A., 2157Steiner, Erdmute, 4851Steiner, Martin, 1038Steinman, Howard M., 1198Stephens, Kathryn, 723Stevens, Ann M., 6134, 6578Stevens, Robert D., 5324Stevens, S. Edward, Jr., 604Stewart, Charles R., 7887Stewart, George C., 3139Stewart, Valley, 307, 982,

2370, 3259Stim, Kathleen P., 1221Stirpe, Fiorenzo, 6721St. John, Ann C., 53Stock, Jeffry B., 2793Stojiljkovi6, Igor, 4738Storz, Johannes, 487Straby, Kerstin B., 1392Straley, Susan C., 3520, 3536Strobel, Sharon M., 6988Stubbe, Joanne, 5289Studamire, Barbara, 503Studier, F. William, 716Stueland, Constance, 4572Stukenberg, P. Todd, 6018Stuy, Johan H., 5265Suen, Wen-Chen, 1831, 5877Suerbaum, Sebastian, 3278Sugai, Motoyuki, 6113Sugawara, Kazuyuki, 1019Sugino, Hiroyuki, 6287Sugiura, Shigeki, 5993Suhng, Sheau-Huey, 386Suihko, Maija-Liisa, 1392Summers, Richard G., 7571Summers, William C., 6049Sumrada, Roberta A., 4688Sun, Dongxu, 1423, 2501Sundstrom, Lars, 1796Surdin-Kerjan, Yolande, 5366Sutcliffe, Iain C., 1853Suyama, Akiko, 5224Suzaki, Toshinobu, 1352Suzuki, Hideo, 7945Suzuki, Hideyuki, 6038Suzuki, Jon Y., 3919Suzuki, Masahiro, 6873Suzuki, Shin-Ichi, 785Suzuki, Toshihiko, 2334Swedberg, Gote, 1796Sweet, Gaye D., 1087Switala, Jacek, 2150Switzer, Robert L., 6348

Tabita, F. Robert, 866, 3372,5066, 5778, 7109

Taghavi, Safieh, 779Tai, Julie Tsu-Ning, 6996Takada, Yasuhiro, 6873Takada, Yoshio, 2077Takagi, Masahiro, 5762, 7119Takagi, Masamichi, 6403Takahashi, Hideo, 1069, 3656Takahashi, Ichiro, 4345

Takahashi, Noriko K., 5176Takamura, Yoshichika, 3723Takao, Toshifumi, 6459Takehara, T., 6220Takemura, Hiroshi, 6857Takeuchi, Michio, 4081Talmi, Michal, 5862Talvik, Kersti, 8038Tamaki, Toshimi, 4307Tamarkin, Aviva, 5683Tan, Huarong, 933Tan, Ming, 7150Tan, Paris S. T., 2087Tanaka, Haruo, 2077Tanaka, Kan, 1069Tang, Li, 4176Tangney, Martin, 2137Tani, Yoshiki, 3556Tanimoto, Koichi, 1008, 5260Tanner, Widmar, 2102Tanno, Hiromi, 176Tao, Lin, 1853Tarshis, Mark, 6652Tascon, Ruben I., 5717Tate, Max E., 5205Taulien, John, 6484Taura, Tetsuya, 7771Tayama, Kenji, 4307Taylor, Brian V., 2475Taylor, Diane, 7697Taylor, Diane E., 2175Taylor, J. S., 6671Taylor, K. G., 819Tebo, Bradley M., 7594Tempe, Jacques, 5205Templin, Ann, 7673ten Brink, Bart, 2864Tercero, Jose A., 7474Tercero, Juan Carlos, 3192Teshiba, Sadao, 5375Tessman, Irwin, 6518Teufel, P., 4218Tham, T. N., 5281Thanabalu, Thirumaran, 2314Thanassi, Jane A., 111Thariath, Abraham, 589Theeragool, Gunjana, 4071,

4081Thevenet, Danielle, 6704Thibaut, Denis, 7430Thieken, Andrea, 2727Thiel, Teresa, 6276Thirkell, D., 3253Thomas, D., 266Thomas, Dominique, 5366Thomas, John A., 548Thomas, Selwin P., 604Thompson, Charles, 642Thompson, Stuart A., 811Thomson, Valeri J., 2423Thony-Meyer, Linda, 7450Thorne, Curtis B., 5329Thornhill, Richard H., 6689Thornton, Charles G., 5301Thorstenson, Yvonne R., 5233Thum-Schmitz, Natalie, 3905Thurner, Claudia, 5945Tiboni, Orsola, 2961Tigges, Eli, 7842Timmis, Kenneth N., 3710,

4631, 6902, 7313Timmis, K. N., 1467Tinland, Bruno, 723

Tinnell, Sheri B., 7102Tisa, Louis S., 1235Toalster, Rosemary, 4772Tobe, Toru, 2334, 6142Tobias, John W., 4364Tobin, Philip, 1493Toffaletti, Dena L., 1405Tojo, Nobuki, 2271, 4545Tolmasky, Marcelo E., 3563Tomasz, Alexander, 1717,2779

Tomich, Che-Shen C., 7092Tominaga, Akira, 758Tommassen, Jan, 6546Tomoyasu, Toshifumi, 1344,

1352Tongklan, Sommanudtida,

6368Toro, Nicolas, 2826Torres, Richard, 2197Torriani, Annamaria, 74Torti, Francesca, 3900Touati, Daniele, 1687Toupet, Christiane, 3295Toussaint, Bertrand, 6499Toy, Jeffrey, 2475Tran, Lien, 921Trapp, C., 819Traxler, Beth, 553Trempy, Janine E., 5510Trenz, Stephan P., 5193Trgov6evid, 2eljko, 4738Tripathi, Rakesh L., 5723Triplett, Eric W., 3693Trust, Trevor J., 12, 557,

3051, 3105, 4448, 7968Tsay, Jiu-Tsair, 3723Tsuge, Takashi, 4427Tsujibo, Hiroshi, 176Tsutsumi, Kiyofumi, 4203Tu, Chingkuang, 1443Tubulekas, Ioannis, 240Tucker, Jeff, 2880Tuckman, Margareta, 4927,

6203Turk, Stefan C. H. J., 5706Turnbough, Charles L., Jr.,

2363Turner, Leah R., 4962Tutino, M. L., 299Tyagi, Anil K., 5186Tynkkynen, Soile, 7523

Uchida, Ikuo, 5329Uchimura, Tai, 7945Uchiyama, Keiko, 5714Udaka, Shigezo, 7130Ueda, Kenji, 2006Ugalde, Unai O., 879Uozumi, Takeshi, 7945Urbanowski, Mark L., 5862Urrutia, M. M., 5690Urrutia Mera, Matilde, 1936

Vai, Marina, 1879Valvano, Miguel A., 148, 548,589

van Agterveld, Miranda, 141van Asseldonk, Martien, 1637Van Beeumen, Jozef, 1814,

2859, 6254VanBogelen, Ruth A., 5145van Bruggen, Ernst F. J.,

1814, 2859

J. BACTERIOL.

AUTHOR INDEX xi

van den Bergh, E. R. E., 6097van der Drift, Chris, 1278Vander Horn, Peter B., 982Vanderleyden, Jos, 438van der Maarel, Marc, 1621van der Meer, Jan Roelof,

2578van der Wal, Fimme-Jan, 1543van der Zee, Anneke, 141van der Zeijst, Bernard A.

M., 7976Van Driessche, Gonzalez,

6254Vanet, Anne, 7178Van Etten, James L., 3913van Heijenoort, Jean, 1841,

2970, 6150van Lange, Richard P., 5706van Montagu, Marc, 7056van Noort, Johannes M., 6089van Rhijn, Pieternel J. S., 438Van Schaftingen, Emile, 3941van Ulsen, Peter, 1543Van Veen, Hendrik W., 200van Waasbergen, Lorraine G.,

7594Van Way, Susan M., 367Vara, Jesus, 7474Var6n, Debora, 3964Varshavsky, Alexander, 4364Vasil, Michael L., 2589, 7658Vazquez, A., 6562Vazquez-Boland, Jose A.,

5717Vazquez de Aldana, Carlos

R., 3823Veiga-da-Cunha, Maria, 3941Venema, Gerard, 2087, 7523Venetianer, Pal, 6571Venkatesh, T. V., 1844Verkamp, Elizabeth, 1452Veron, Michel, 5022Verreth, Christel, 438Viale, Alejandro M., 1514Vianney, Anne, 6059Vickerman, M. M., 6354Vignais, Paulette M., 6499,

7404Vignoles, C., 3232Vijay, S., 1871Vijayakumar, Moses N., 2713Vimr, Eric R., 4354, 8018Vincon, Mathilde, 6499Vinella, Daniel, 6704Vinter, Vladimir, 8049Vischer, Norbert 0. E., 3174Visser, Hans, 1637Viswanatha, Thammaiah, 589Vlazny, Donald A., 2799Voburka, Zdenek, 8049Voegele, Ralf T., 1087Vogel, Jodi L., 6484Vogels, Godfried D., 1278Vohradsky, Jiff, 8049Vold, Barbara, 4290Vold, Barbara S., 5091Volk, Rainer, 4045Vonck, Janet, 1814, 2859von Meyenburg, Kasper, 5791von Ossowski, Ingemar, 2150von Stockar, Urs, 4809Voordouw, Gerrit, 4699Vujaklija, Dusica, 2652

Waasdorp, Bernardina C.,1182

Wada, Akihito, 7483Wada, Hajime, 544, 6056Waechter-Brulla, Daryle, 3767Wagner, Elke, 851Wagner, Stephen J., 604Wahlund, Thomas M., 474Waldburger, Carey, 6321Walker, Graham C., 3653,

7033, 7045Walker, James R., 6018, 6663Wall, Daniel, 166Wall, Judy D., 3388, 4121Wallace, Susan S., 561Walsh, R. Brian, 3289Walter, Ronald B., 5265Walter, William A., 3992Wandersman, Cecile, 7321Wang, Enze, 4979Wang, Ge, 3031, 7786Wang, Gui-Rong, 6578Wang, Huayan, 1665Wang, James C., 1645Wang, Lisa L., 811W4ng, Lu, 655Wang, William K., 1293Wang, Xing, 3372, 7109Wang, Xuesong, 3161Wanner, Barry L., 3430, 6797Ward, John E., Jr., 887Ward, Naomi L., 4772Warnecke-Eberz, Ute, 5867Warren, R. A. J., 1910Washburn, Brian K., 341Wasserfallen, Alain, 5970Wassermann, Karsten, 6530Watcharapijarn, J., 1871Waters, Debra A., 7348Watson, Robert, 2662Watson, Robert J., 1919Weaver, Keith E., 1900Webster, Robert E., 222,

1856, 6059Wecke, Jorg, 1612Wei, Ping, 7887Wei, Tai-Fen, 4025Wei, Zhong-Min, 7958Weickert, Michael J., 251Weinhandl, M., 2762Weinreich, Michael D., 6932Weinstock, George M., 5216Weinstock, Orna, 5339Weisberg, Robert A., 693Welch, Timothy J., 7170Wells, Carol L., 6229Welsh, John, 973Wendell, Douglas L., 7689Wendt-Pienkowski, Evelyn,

7571Wessels, Joseph G. H., 3672West, Ande, 811Westblom, T. U., 966Westpheling, Janet, 1213Wexler, Margaret, 5205Weyrauch, Kerstin, 6415Wheatcroft, Roger, 19White, Ann-Marie, 503White, David C., 6062White, Robert H., 3661White, Theodore C., 6126Whitfield, Chris, 5384, 5395,

6725, 7515

Wichlan, David G., 2936Wickner, Reed B., 3192Widger, William R., 5106Wiegand, Torsten W., 6932Wijffelman, Carel A., 750Wild, Jadwiga, 3992Wilkinson, Brian J., 2400Williams, Andrew W., 3131Williams, Pascale M., 7142Wilson, I. W., 6476Wilson, Kenneth H., 2818Wilson, Rebecca L., 5129Wilson, R. L., 902Wilt, Karl, 7074Winans, Stephen C., 6626,

7715Winik, Leslie R., 3863Winkelmann, Gunther, 2727Winkler, Herbert H., 3893,

5725Wirawan, I Gede Putu, 3208Witke, Claudia, 7495Witthuhn, Vernon C., 358Wittman, Vaughan, 7383Woldringh, Conrad L., 2241,

3174Wolfe, Ralph S., 3195, 5970Wolgel, Sanford A., 4414Womble, David D., 3161, 5350Wong, Brian, 6314Wong, H. C., 7383Woo, Gun-Jo, 5970Woo, Sang B., 5301Wood, David O., 159Wood, Harland G., 5301Woodall, Laura D., 2770Woodgate, Roger, 5411Woodruff, Wendy A., 7658Woods, David R., 3058, 6105Woods, Jon P., 636Woody, Scott T., 5648Wookey, Peter J., 7500Wosten, Han A. B., 3672Wozniak, Daniel J., 4145,

7658Wray, Lewis V., Jr., 4282Wright, Miriam E., 3361Wr6blewski, H., 266Wu, Dong, 5276Wu, Henry C., 6113Wu, J. H. David, 1293Wu, Long Fei, 214Wu, Ruping, 3161Wu, Xiaoning, 37Wuenscher, Michael D., 3491

Xia, Guixian, 4165Xia, Tianhui, 4729Xiang, Shi-Hua, 4877Xu, Kaiping, 4990Xu, W., 1946Xu, Yifan, 3790Xun, Luying, 411, 2640

Yakunin, Alexander F., 6775Yamada, Kazunori, 4071Yamada, Mamoru, 568Yamada, Masami, 5539Yamada, Yasue, 568Yamagata, Hideo, 7130Yamagata, Shuzo, 4800Yamagishi, Akihiko, 1532Yamaguchi, Kazuo, 5993Yamaguchi, Shigeru, 802

Yamamoto, Kohei, 916Yamanaka, Kunitoshi, 1344,

1352Yamanaka, Tateo, 4400Yamane, Kunio, 4203, 4885Yamasaki, R., 4565Yamashita, Y., 6220Yancey, Stephanie D., 1043Yang, Dorise H. C., 7074Yang, Ji, 1767, 6372Yang, Wen-Pin, 1956Yang, Xiaoyu, 3981Yang, Yun-Liang, 428Yanko, Michaela, 5159, 5683Yano, Keiji, 6403Yanofsky, Charles, 3380Yanouri, Ahmed, 7604Yarita, Yasutaka, 7945Yasbin, Ronald E., 5907Yashphe, Jacob, 74Yates, Jonathan W., 4235Ye, Zhi-Hai, 1095Yin, John, 1272Yokochi, Tomoki, 5176Yokoigawa, Kumio, 4213Yokoro, Natsuko, 6287Yokoyama, Hideaki, 4456Yomano, Lorraine, 2327Yomano, Lorraine P., 3926Yonei, Shuji, 2645Yoo, Je-Geun, 7329Yoshida, Ken-Ichi, 2750Yoshikawa, Hirofumi, 3656Yoshikawa, Masanosuke,

2334, 6142Yoshikura, Hiroshi, 5176Yoshisue, Hajime, 2750Young, Douglas, 4255Young, Douglas B., 1Young, Kevin D., 6890Young, Richard A., 7282Young, Ry, 3909Young, Ryland F., 6939Youngman, Philip, 3607, 3618Yu, Anna, 1239, 7848Yu, Jun, 4670Yu, Tin-Wein, 1847Yu, Yiyi, 4165Yudkin, Michael D., 5636Yuki, Toshio, 1344Yuste-Rojas, M., 6562

Zahler, S. A., 6512Zahler, Stanley A., 3863, 7581Zahrt, Tom C., 411Zaiki, Tomoko, 5224Zalkin, Howard, 3598, 7066Zambrano, Maria Mercedes,

5642Zambryski, Patricia C., 5233Zapella, Pio D. A., 5022Zassenhaus, Hans Peter,

6245Zehelein, Eva, 5769Zehnder, Alexander J. B.,

200, 750Zeikus, J. Gregory, 5890Zeilstra-Ryalls, Jill, 1134Zevenhuizen, Ludovicus

P. T. M., 750Zhang, Jianke, 3757Zhang, Jun-Xian, 2943Zhang, Qiu-Mei, 2645

VOL. 175, 1993

xii AUTHOR INDEX

Zhang, Xiao Yu, 1126Zhang, Xiaoping, 5617Zhang, Yaoping, 6781Zhang, Ying, 4255Zhang, Yuanxin, 6451Zhao, Genshi, 4729

Zhao, Jindong, 3343Zhao, Sheng, 2799Zheng, Limin, 6737Zhu, Chang-Xi, 5097Zhu, H., 7666Zhulin, Igor B., 952

Zielinski, Nicolette A., 5452Zilberstein, Aviah, 7727Zilinskas, Barbara A., 6760Zinser, Erwin, 2853Zubay, Geoffrey, 716Zuber, Peter, 3188, 3502

Zuber, Ulrich, 1552Zuerner, Richard L., 5445Zulty, James J., 7269Zumft, Walter G., 7236Zusman, David R., 4936, 7711Zylstra, Gerben J., 4561

J. BACrERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX

VOLUME 175

2,2',3-Trihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenaseSphingomonas sp. strain RW1, 7313

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenasegenes

R. globerulusthree different genes, 4631

16S-23S rRNA gene complexesS. aureus

molecular cloning and mapping, 748316S rDNA sequencesMagnetospinillum strains

evolutionary relationships inferredfrom phylogenetic analysis, 6689

16S rRNA geneR. prowazekiicopy number, 3893

186, temperate coliphagelysogeny, genes for establishment and

maintenance of, 5286

aat geneE. coli

leucyl, phenylalanyl-tRNA-proteintransferase, 4364

N-end rule, 4364Abequose pathway genesY pseudotuberculosis, 1412

Acacia nodulesRhizobium sp. strain GRH2

acidic extracellular polysaccharides,symbiotic importance of, 2826

Acetate kinaseE. coli

flagellar rotation, mediation of changein direction of, 3236

Acetate kinase geneB. subtilisCcpA, regulation by, 7348

M. thermophilacloning, sequence analysis, and hyper-

expression, 6822Acetobacter aceti

cytochrome a,ubiquinol oxidase function, 4307

Acetobacterpasteuianusalcohol dehydrogenase activity

ethanol, induction by, 6857Acetogen

C. thermoaceticumnitrate as preferred electron sink, 8008

Acetohydroxy acid synthaseisozyme III

subunit association, 5339Acetoin

B. subtilis genes alsS, alsD, and alsRgenes

post-exponential-phase production,3863

Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylaseE. coli, 332growth rate regulation, 332P. aeruginosa

biotin carboxyl carrier protein and bi-otin carboxylase protein genes,6881

Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, genes fortwo subunits of

Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120biotin carboxyl carrier protein, 5268biotin carboxylase, 5268

Acetyl phosphateE. coli, global regulator in

minireview, 2793N-Acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyl-

transferaseE. coliglmU gene, 6150

N-Acetylpuromycin-N-acetylhydrolasegene

S. albonigerpuromycin biosynthetic gene cluster,

74742'-N-Acetyltransferase gene

P. stuartiicharacterization and transcriptional

regulation, 6492Acholeplasma laidlawii

phosphotransferase regulatory systemprotein constituents, presence of, 6599

Acid tolerance responseS. typhimurium, 1981

Acidic extracellular polysaccharidesRhizobium sp. strain GRH2

acacia nodules, 2826symbiotic importance, 2826

Acinetobacter calcoaceticusp-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylasepobA, 4499

pobAp-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase struc-

tural gene, 4499pobR, 4499

transposon mutagenesis, 1838Acinetobacterjohnsonii

phosphate transport systems, 200Aconitase

L. pneumophilahomology with human iron-responsive

element-binding protein, 5666major iron-containing protein, 5666

acrA and acrE genesE. coli

molecular cloning and characteriza-tion, 6299

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeTnlO derivative

transposon mutagenesis, 5717Acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase

V. harveyi, 1865ada operon

B. subtilisalkA gene, adjacent to, 6010

Ada proteinE. coli

class I transcription factor, 2455ada-deletion derivative

S. typhimurium TA1535gene disruption, new method for, 5539

Adenylate cyclase geneH. influenzae

cloning, sequence, and essential rolein competence, 7142

Adenylate cyclase toxin expressionB. pertussis

phase variant with mutation in newlocus involved in regulation, 6679

adhE geneanaerobic regulation, 870E. coli, 870

xiii

Adhesin activationF. nucleatum, 840localization, 840

Adhesin subunit protein geneH. pylon, 674

adi geneE. coli, 1221

Adjacent deletionsTnS associated, 1264

ADP-ribosylation activitydiphtheria toxin sequence, 898

aeg-46.5E. coli, 1165regulatory sequence, 1165

Aerobic degrader of azo dyesphylogenetic analysis, 6062

Aerobic respiratory chainE. coli

effects of mutations in components,3020

Aeromonas hydrophilaexe genes

extracellular protein secretion andouter membrane assembly, 6695

extracellular protein secretion and outermembrane assembly

exe genes, 6695periplasmic, broad-specificity ribonucle-

aseE. coli ribonuclease I, relatedness to,

3710eukaryotic ribonucleases, relatedness

to family of, 3710Aeromonas salmonicida

A-protein expression, gene influencingprotein containing ATP-binding cas-

sette, 3105surface array protein gene, beside,

3105S-layer protein genevapA, 7968

vapAS-layer protein gene, 7968

AGG codons, consecutiveE. coli, 716effect on translation, 716

Agmenellum quadruplicatumammonium assimilation, 604ginA gene, 604

Agrobacterium tumefacienschromosomal virulence gene, new

isolation and characterization, 3208chvE chromosomal virulence geneLysR family member, regulation by,

7880chvIchromosomal response regulatory

gene, 6626E. coli phoB mutation, complementa-

tion of, 6626virulence, requirement for, 6626

groESL operonhairpin-loop structure, 3083heat shock transcription, 3083

mannityl opine catabolism genes, 401OccR protein and OccR-regulated pro-

moteraltered-function mutations, 7715

pcaQ genepositive regulation of phenolic catabo-

lism in response to 3-carboxy-

xiv SUBJECT INDEX

cis,cis-muconate, 3529T-DNA transport structureVirB proteins, 5233

Ti plasmid pTiC58agrocinopine catabolic region, 5575opine and agrocin 84 transport, 5575

Ti plasmidsdynamic structure, 4790

translation systemribosome-inactivating proteins, effects

of, 6721two-component sensory transduction

system, chromosomally encodedvirulence, requirement for, 6614

vegetative sigma factor genecloning, sequencing, and transcrip-

tional analysis, 3026VirA protein

elevated temperatures, lack of func-tion at, 6830

VirA-Tar chimeric receptor proteinhighly responsive state, 5706

virB4 productnucleoside triphosphate binding, 1723

virB8 definitionTnSvirB, 887

VirB proteinssubcellular localization, 5233T-DNA transport structure, 5233

virC and virD operonsmolecular intercommunication be-

tween plasmid and chromosomalgenes, 3486

Ros repressor, 3486virD operon, 723

Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58chromosomesone linear and one circular, 7869

Agrobacterium vitisoctopine/cucumopine Ti plasmids

IS870, 3151Agrocinopine catabolic regionA. tumefaciens Ti plasmid pTiC58, 5575

Alanine dehydrogenaseB. subtilis

normal sporulation, requirement for,6789

Alcaligenes eutrophuscbb operons

phosphoglycolate phosphatase, 7329cnr determinant, 767, 779"2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate monooxy-

genase,", 2083formate dehydrogenase, solublemolybdoenzyme, 4719

molybdoenzymeformate dehydrogenase, soluble, 4719

phosphoglycolate phosphatasecbb operons, 7329

Tn4371biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl degra-

dation genes, 1674zinc resistance, 779

Alcaligenes eutrophus H16nitrate reductase, periplasmic, 5867periplasmic nitrate reductase, 5867poly-p-hydroxybutyrate synthaseimmunocytochemical analysis, 5289localization, 5289

Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134(pJP4)maleylacetate reductase

purification and characterization, 6745

Alcohol dehydrogenaseD. gigas

oxygen labile NAD-dependent, 2859Alcohol dehydrogenase activityA. pasteurianus

ethanol, induction by, 6857Alcohol dehydrogenase, primary-second-

aryC. beijerinckii, 5097

aldB. subtilis

normal sporulation, requirement for,6789

Alfalfa nodule invasionR. meliloti RmlO21

succinoglycan acetyl substituent, lackof need for, 3653

algB geneP. aeruginosa

alginate algT gene and integration hostfactor roles in regulation, 4145

algFP. aeruginosa

alginate biosynthetic gene cluster, lo-cation within, 5057

Alginate biosynthetic gene clusterP. aeruginosa

algF, 5057alginate acetylation, 5057

Alginate conversionPseudomonas spp., 1303

Alginate gene activationP. aeruginosa

AlgRl-binding site, enhancer-like ac-tivity of, 5452

Alginate lyaseP. aeruginosa

algL gene expression in E. coli, 4780algL gene

P. aeruginosaalginate lyase, 4780E. coli, expression in, 4780

AlgRl-binding siteP. aeruginosa

alginate gene activation, 5452AlgU

P. aeruginosa, 1153relationship to muc and e', 1153

alkA geneB. subtilisada operon, adjacent to, 6010inducible 3-methyladenine DNA glyco-

sylase, 6010a-Keto acidsProteus, Providencia, and Morganella

spp.amino acid deaminases, production

by, 2727novel siderophores, 2727

alsS, alsD, and alsR genesB. subtilis

acetoin, post-exponential-phase pro-duction of, 3863

Alternaria altematamelanin biosynthesis, gene cluster in-

volved in, 4427Alteromonas sp. strain 0-7

chitinase gene, 176Amino acid racemase

P. putidaa-epimerase activity, 4213

Amino acid racemase, apparentB. subtilispbpE operon, 2917

Amino acid transportC. fervidus, 2060

Amino sugar synthesizing and. -degradingenzymes

E. coli K-12coordinate regulation, 4951

5-Aminolevulinic acid availabilityR. sphaeroidesHemA and HemT mutants, 2304

B-Aminolevulinic acid dehydrataseB. japonicum

metal-binding domain, novel, 7222symbiosis with soybean, essentiality

for, 72225-Aminolevulinic acid synthase isozymes

R. sphaeroideshemA and hemT genes, 2292

5-Aminolevulinic acid transportdipeptide permease, 325E. coli, 1452S. typhimurium, 325

Aminotransferase genesR. meliloti, 1919

Ammonia monooxygenasecopper activation in vitro, 1971N. europaea, 1971

Ammonia monooxygenase geneN. europaea, 2436

Ammonium assimilationA. quadruplicatum, 604glnA gene, 604

Amphibaeillus xylanus EpOlNADH oxidase, flavoprotein functional

as, 7945ams-1 and rne-3071 temperature-sensitive

mutationsE. colimre locus, substitutions in, 4245

Amycolatopsis methanolicamethanol:N,N'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline

oxidoreductase, 1814a-Amylase signal peptide

B. subtilisstructural requirements for efficient

processing, 4203Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120

acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, genesfor two subunits of

biotin carboxyl carrier protein, 5268biotin carboxylase, 5268

bifA geneDNA-binding protein, sequence-spe-

cific, 4025in vivo transcriptional interference

selection, cloning by, 4025biotin carboxyl carrier protein, 5268biotin carboxylase gene, 5268patB product

ferredoxin, 1697helix-turn-helix domains, 1697

Anabaena variabilisnitrogenase, alternative

characterization of genes, 6276Anaerobic metabolism

E. coliosmotic repression, 214

Anaerobic thermophilic bacteriaphylogenetic analysis

reclassification, 4772

J. BACUEFRIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX XV

AngRV. anguillarumY enterocolitica high-molecular-weight

protein 2, homology to, 54881,5-Anhydroglucitol

E. coliconditional synthesis and utilization,

7138ans operon

B. subtilisL-asparaginase and L-aspartase, 2501repressor encoded by ansR, 2501

ansR geneB. subtilis

ans operon repressor, 2501Anthranilate synthase

S. cerevisiae, 1061Anthrax toxin synthesisaixA gene

trans-activator, 5329Antibiotic peptide

trifolitoxingenes involved in production and re-

sistance, 3693Antigenic 34-kilodalton protein geneM. paratuberculosis, 4930

Antigenic variationC. fetus

S-layer protein expression, shift in,4979

Antioxidantsstreptomycetes

thiols, low molecular weight, 2734Antirestriction proteins, two nonhomolo-

gouspKM101ArdA and ArdB, 4843

Antisense RNA-mediated transcription at-tenuation mechanism

pIP501RepR protein expression, control of,

4052AppppA-binding protein E89

E. coliheat shock protein ClpB, 2321

A-protein expressionE. coliA. salmonicida gene, 3105protein containing ATP-binding cas-

sette, 3105surface array protein gene, beside,

3105D-Arabitol metabolism

C. albicansbiosynthetic pathway, 6314NAD-dependent D-arabitol dehydroge-

nase, 6314Archaea

color sensingeukaryotic-like receptor coupled to a

prokaryotic transducer, 7755minireview, 7755

Archaebacterium, extremely thermophilicT. litoralis

modified folates, structures of, 3661ArdA and ArdBpKM101

antirestriction proteins, two nonho-mologous, 4843

Arginine decarboxylase gene adiE. coli, 1221

Arginyl-tRNA synthetase geneB. lactofermentum

IysA gene upstream region, 7356argS-lysA cluster

B. lactofermentumarginine, regulation of expression by,

7356argU

S. typhimuriumuse uracil-sensitive mutation, 3897

Aromatic acid degradationP. putidapcaIJ genes, 5829

Aromatic hydroxylaseE. coli

broad substrate range, 2162aroQ-encoded monofunctional chorismate

mutase (CM-F)E. herbicola

periplasmic enzyme, 4729ArsA protein

E. coli, 352nucleotide binding sites, 352

Arsenic effluxS. aureus

pI258, 3480Arthrobacter sp. strain MIS38

lipopeptide biosurfactant, new, 6459Arthrobacter strain P1

methylamine oxidase, copper/topa qui-none-containing

structural gene for, 5617artPIQMJ genes

E. coliperiplasmic arginine transport system,

3687physical map, 3687

asiA geneT4, 85

ask-asd operonC. flavum N13gene structure and expression, 4096

L-Asparaginase and L-aspartaseB. subtilis

ans operon, 2501repressor of ans operon encoded by

ansR, 2501Aspartate aminotransferase, novel

R. meliloti, 4186Aspartokinase 1-homoserine dehydroge-

nase Iallosteric response, 959S. marcescens, 959

Aspartyl proteinasesC. albicans

three distinct, 6126atp (unc) operon

E. colilimited differential mRNA activation,

5791ATP synthesis

U. urealyticumurea, hydrolysis of, 3253

ATPaseM. thermophila, 80

ATP-dependent proteaseM. xanthus

developmental gene transcription andintracellular signaling, 4538

atxA geneB. anthracis

anthrax toxin synthesis, trans-activa-tor of, 5329

Autogenous regulationminireview, 307

Autolysin operonB. subtilis, 795sigD gene, 795

Autolysis-defective mutantsS. aureus, 1493

Autotrophic CO2 fixation enzymesX. flavusCbbR LysR-type transcriptional acti-

vator, 6097Avermectin biosynthetic genes

S. avermitilisdeletion analysis by gene cluster dis-

placement, 2552Avirulence gene D

P. syringae pv. tomatopromoter, 5916

avrRpt2P. syringae

avirulence gene, 4859putative regulatory sequence common

to all known avirulence genes,4859

Axenic growthB. bacteriovorus

heat shock induced, 2157Axial filament formation

B. subtilis, 1886Azo dyes

aerobic degraderphylogenetic analysis, 6062

Azoarcus sp.cellulolytic enzymes

E. coli, expression in, 7056Azospirillum brasilense

chemotaxis, 952glnB-glnA cluster

functional organization, 2507glutamate synthase (GOGAT)-negative,

pleiotropically N utilization-defec-tive mutant

GOGAT structural gene, 8024GOGAT structural gene, 8024nitrogenase activity, posttranslational

regulation ofanaerobiosis and ammonium, 6781

phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phospho-transferase system locus

carbohydrate metabolism, global regu-lation of, 3240

Azotobacter vinelandiihydrogenaseH2 oxidation, 3414substitution of serine for cysteine resi-

dues in small (HoxK) subunit, 3414mutS

nucleotide sequence and mutant analy-sis, 7707

ni4BfdxNnifOQ regionnitrogenase activity, role in, 2926

B group plasmidspseudoknot control of replication

mutations, 6476bacA gene

E. colibacitracin resistance, 3784

Bacillus alveiS-layer glycoprotein

biosynthesis, proposed pathway for,4515

VOL. 174, 1992

xvi SUBJECT INDEX

Bacillus anthracisabxA gene

anthrax toxin synthesis, trans-activa-tor of, 5329

Bacillus cereushblA geneB component of hemolysin BL, 6760

hemolysin BL, B component ofhblA gene, 6760

Bacillus coagulansS-layer

large-scale recrystallization at the air/water interface and on lipid films,2762

Bacillus coagulans E38-66S-layer

charged groups, relevance for integrityand molecular interactions of,2248

Bacillus licheniformisglucose transport systems, two, 2137penicillinase repressor

functional domains, 7383Bacillus macerans

protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenasenew extradiol catecholic dioxygenase,

4414Bacillus megaterium

spore cortex peptidoglycannot highly cross-linked, 2767

sporesminor small, acid-soluble protein, 6337

spores, heat resistance ofheat shock applied early in sporula-

tion, effect of, 8049Bacillus pumilus Cl

cyanide dihydrataseisolation and characterization, 6105

Bacillus sp. strain SG-1manganese oxidationchromosomal loci, 7594

marine manganese-oxidizing bacteriumprotoplast transformation, Tn917 mu-

tagenesis, and identification ofchromosomal loci involved inmanganese oxidation, 7594

Bacillus sphaericusmosquitocidal toxins

host range determinants, 510Bacillus sphaericus SSII-1

mosquitocidal toxin27- and 70-kilodalton polypeptides,

possible roles of, 2314cytotoxicity and ADP-ribosylating ac-

tivity, 2314Bacillus spp.DNA damage prevention

small acid-soluble proteins, 1367pBAA1

single-stranded origin, 1988Bacillus stearothermophilusgroESL operon

cloning, sequencing, and transcrip-tional analysis, 2465

Bacillus stearothermophilus XL-65-6cellobiose phosphotransferase system

operoncloning, sequencing, and functional

expression in E. coli, 6441Bacillus subtilis

acetate kinase geneCcpA, regulation by, 7348

alanine dehydrogenase

normal sporulation, requirement for,6784

aldnormal sporulation, requirement for,

6789alkA geneada operon, adjacent to, 6010inducible 3-methyladenine DNA glyco-

sylase, 6010alsS, alsD, and alsR genes

acetoin, post-exponential-phase pro-duction of, 3863

a-amylase signal peptidestructural requirements for efficient

processing, 4203ans operon

L-asparaginase and L-aspartase, 2501repressor encoded by ansR, 2501

ansR geneans operon repressor, 2501

autolysin operonsigD gene, 795

axial filament formation, 1886bacteriophage 429 head assembly

mutants defective in, 2357bacteriophage SPOl

cytotoxic early gene, 7887CcpA

acetate kinase gene regulation, 7348cell wall hydrolase gene

sporulation specific, 6260cell wall-associated enzymes

proton motive force, regulation by,5690

chloramphenicol acetyltransferasecytoplasmic protein incompatible for

export, 5697chromosome

asymmetric replication, 741stability, 741

ComA phosphorylated response regula-tor protein

srfA promoter region, binding to, 3182degA gene product

phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amido-transferase degradation in E. coli,acceleration of, 6348

dipeptide permease operonmutations that relieve nutritional re-

pression, 4605endoribonuclease

intracellular pyrimidine-specific, 6717glnRA operon

altered regulation, 892gtaB

stationary-phase transcription factoreB, control by, 3964

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, 3964heat shock

er, 1929homolog of 54-kDa subunit of mamma-

lian signal recognition particle andE. coli Ffh, 4885

hut operonstationary growth phase, activation at

onset of, 4282ilv-leu operon

regions involved in regulation by leu-cine, 7581

intracellular proteinase inhibitor genemajor intracellular proteinase, role in

regulation of, 7130maf gene

amplification resulting in arrested sep-tum formation, 3139

metalloregulationtwo genes differentially repressed by

metal ions, 5428NAD biosynthesis genes, 1423nusA-infB operon

E. coli, similar organization in, 2880patterns of gene expression in colonies,

5000pbpB cell division gene

penicillin-binding protein 2B, 7604pbpE operon

apparent amino acid racemase, 2917penicillin-binding protein 4*, 2917

pbpF geneputative class A high-molecular-weight

penicillin-binding protein, 4870penicillin-binding protein 2BpbpB cell division gene, 7604

,029gene 14, 1038

phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amido-transferase

degA gene product, acceleration ofdegradation by, 6348

E. coli, degradation in, 6348proton motive force

cell wall-associated enzymes, regula-tion of, 5690

rho gene, 647rRNA operonstRNA gene clusters, 503

secY genetemperature-sensitive sporulation

caused by mutation, 3656septum formation

arrest resulting from maf gene amplifi-cation, 3139

sfp0E. coli entD gene, relationship with,

6203siderophore biosynthesis, genes involved

insfpo and E. coli entD genes, relation-

ship between, 62030A factorpromoter -10 binding region, effect

on growth of amino acid substitu-tions in, 2470

heat shock, 1929&B levels and activity, regulation of,

2347&B transcription factor

large stationary-phase regulon, controlof, 3957

stress-induced activation, 7931oK sporulation transcription factor

multilevel regulation, 7341silicate binding to cell walls, 1936SOS repressor

purification, 6842SOS system

regulatory elements that control dam-age induction and competenceinduction, 5907

SpoOAalkaline phosphatase levels induced by

phosphate starvation, decrease in,3749

SPO bacteriophagecytotoxic early gene, 7887

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xvii

spoILU locuspromoter-proximal mutations, 5636

spoIIB gene, 528spoIIM gene

physical and functional characteriza-tion, 3607

RNA polymerase associated with a,transcription by, 3618

spore coat assembly gene spoVID, 1705spore coat, insoluble fraction of

cluster of genes encoding polypep-tides, 3757

spore cortex peptidoglycannot highly cross-linked, 2767

spore germinationGPR processing, 2568protease initiating degradation of

small, acid-soluble proteins, 2568spore photoproduct lyase gene spl, 1735sporulation factor, new, 6321sporulation transcription factor aK'

multilevel regulation, 7341spoVE gene

in vivo expression, 4071&e-associated RNA polymerase, tran-

scription by, 4081srfA operon

regulatory region, mutational analysisof, 3188

srfA promoter regionComA phosphorylated response regu-

lator protein, binding of, 3182stable RNA genes

physical mapping using polymerasechain reaction amplification froma yeast artificial chromosome li-brary, 4290

sup-3 ochre suppressoroperon of seven tRNA genes, location

in, 6512surfactin synthetase

amino-acylation site mutations inamino acid-activating domains,3502

surfactin production and competencedevelopment, 3502

tRNA gene clustersrRNA operons, 503

Bacillus thuringiensiscryIIIA toxin gene

distant upstream DNA sequence re-quired for full expression, 2952

CytA crystal formation20-kilodalton protein, promotion by,

5276sporulation, 5276

physical map, 1053sporulationCytA crystal formation, 5276

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensiscryIVA

mosquito larvicidal crystal proteingene, 2750

mosquito larvicidal crystal protein genecryIVA, 2750

small plasmids, mobilization ofspecific aggregation, 6530

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thompsonicrystal protein gene operon

transcriptional regulation, 7951Bacitracin resistance

E. colibacA gene amplification, 3784

Bacteriochlorophyll synthesis genesR capsulatus bchFNBH, 2414

Bacteriocinmesentericin Y105membrane permeabilization of mito-

chondria and L. monocytogenes,3232

Bacteriocin release proteinE. coli, 1543Sec proteins, 1543

BacterioopsinHalobacterium sp. strain SG1, 2720

Bacteriophage HK022novel antivirulence element, 7541

Bacteriophage AOR region, cryptic promoter in, 5648sieB (superinfection exclusion) gene,

4712Bacteriophage Mu

E. coli FIS proteinmaintenance of lysogeny by the re-

pressor, 3798Mor proteinor'( required to activate Mu middle

promoter, 5314a70Mor protein requirement to activate

Mu middle promoter, 5314Bacteriophage N4

adsorption, cytoplasmic protein requiredfor

NfrC, 7074adsorption, membrane proteins required

fortwo overlapping genes, 7081

NfrCadsorption, cytoplasmic protein re-

quired for, 7074Bacteriophage P1

icd geneimmI operon, 2833

immI operonicd gene, 2833

Bacteriophage P2Ogr proteincarboxy terminus, truncation of, 7724

Bacteriophage P7plasmid partition site, 3443

Bacteriophage P22sieB (superinfection exclusion) gene,

4712Bacteriophage 4)29 head assembly

B. subtilismutants defective in, 2357

Bacteriophage receptor areaE. coliTax protein segment, 2809

Bacteriophage SPOlB. subtilis

cytotoxic early gene, 7887Bacteriophages

assembly proteinsmembrane localization, 1856SecA, 1856

B. subtilis 029gene 14, 1038

HK022site-specific DNA inversion, 693

x,B protein complexes, 1844

P2site-specific integration, 1239

P22

anti-RecBCD proteins, 1756P22 erf

host RecJ, 2884)11

int expression activation, 1095rinA and ninB, 1095

4)29gene 14, 1038

4oLC3site-specific integration, 1745

T4asiA gene, 85

T7evolution in a plaque, 1272

Bacteroides fragilisTn4399 transposon

"mobilization cassette," 5814Bacteroides fragilis BF-1

fructanasemolecular characterization, 3058

Bacteroides spp.conjugative transposons

tetracycline regulation of genes, 6134NBU1

mobilizable site-selective insertion ele-ment, 6578

NBU1 insertion elementmobilization region, 6588

Tn4555 mobilizable transposonidentification of circular intermediate,

2682baiH geneEubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708NADH:flavin oxidoreductase, bile

acid inducible, 3002bch operon, oxygen regulated

R. capsulatus, 2026bchA chlorin reductase-encoding locus

R. capsulatusbchX, bchY, and bchZ, 2407

bchFNBH bacteriochlorophyll synthesisgenes

R. capsulatus, 2414Bdellovibnio bacteriovorus

axenic growthheat shock induced, 2157

Beauveria bassianainsect mycopathogen

evasion of host defense, 5962in vivo-produced protoplast-like cells,

5962Benjaminiella poitrasii

cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphateNADP-/NAD-glutamate dehydroge-

nase ratio, 6052yeast/mycelium transition, 6052

NADP-/NAD-glutamate dehydrogenaseratio

cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate,6052

yeast-mycelium transitioncyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate,

6052Benzoate oxidation pathway, new aerobicPseudomonas sp., denitrifying

benzoyl-coenzyme A and 3-hydroxy-benzoyl-coenzyme A, 4851

1 proteincomplexes, 1844X, 1844

13(1,3-1,4)-Glucanase domainR. flavefaciens xynD gene

bifunctional enzyme with separate xy-

VOL. 174, 1992

xviii SUBJECT INDEX

lanase domain, 29433-Glucanase, sporulation specificS. cerevisiae, 386

P-Lactamase inductionE. cloacae, 1537peptidoglycan tripeptides, 1537

BGL2 gene productS. cerevisiae

cell wall endo-3-1,2-glucanase, 2102bifA geneAnabaena sp. strain PCC 7120

DNA-binding protein, sequence-spe-cific, 4025

in vivo transcriptional interferenceselection, cloning by, 4025

Biotin auxotrophL. plantarum

biotin biosynthesis, 7702Biotin biosynthesis

L. plantarum, 7702Biotin carboxyl carrier proteinAnabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 5268

Biotin carboxyl carrier protein geneP. aeruginosa, 6881

Biotin carboxylase geneAnabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 5268P. aeruginosa, 6881

Biphenyl degradation genesA. eutrophus Tn4371, 1674

Biphenyl dioxygenasePseudomonas sp. strain LB400, 395

Biphenyl metabolismPseudomonas spp.bph operon, 5224

bkdR geneP. putidabkd operon, requirement for expres-

sion of, 3934E. coli Lrp, protein related to, 3934

Blastocladiella emersoniihexosamine biosynthesis, developmental

regulation ofprotein phosphatases 2A and 2C, 5022

protein phosphatases 2A and 2Chexosamine biosynthesis, developmen-

tal regulation of, 5022bldA-specified tRNA

S. coelicolor, 1995temporal regulation, 1995

"Blue halo" assayB. burgdorfen

exported proteins with cleavable sig-nal peptides, identification ofgenes encoding, 4129

Bordetella bronchisepticaBvgAS virulence control systemflaA gene transcription, regulation of,

3468flaA geneBvgAS virulence control system, regu-

lation by, 3468flagellin gene transcriptionBvgAS virulence control system, regu-

lation by, 3468siderophore mutants, 1144

Bordetella parapertussisIS1001, 141

Bordetella pertussisadenylate cyclase toxin expressionphase variant with mutation in new

locus involved in regulation, 6679btr

FNR-like transcriptional regulator,

7228pertussis toxin expression

phase variant with mutation in newlocus involved in regulation, 6679

pertussis toxin geneDNA topology effects on transcrip-

tional regulation, 4764vir-repressed genes

regulation, 519Borrelia burgdorferi

"blue halo" assayidentification of genes encoding ex-

ported proteins with cleavablesignal peptides, 4129

exported proteins with cleavable signalpeptides, identification of genes en-coding, 4129

Borrelia hennsiichimeric outer membrane protein, 2516intragenic recombination, 2516

Borrelia spp.ospC gene, 926

Bradyrhizobium japonicumb-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase

metal-binding domain, novel, 7222symbiosis with soybean, essentiality

for, 7222chromosome map, 613CO2 fixation genes

expression in R. sphaeroides, 866cytochrome aa3oxygen-dependent transcriptional reg-

ulation, 128hydrogenase processing, 295symbiosis with soybean

8-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,need for, 7222

Branched-chain amino acid biosynthesisL. lactis

gene inactivation, 4383Brevibacterium lactofermentum

argS-lysA clusterarginine, regulation of expression by,

7356dapA, orf2, and dapB gene cluster

dihydrodipicolinate synthase, dihy-dropicolinate reductase, and thirdpolypeptide of unknown function,2743

lysA genearginyl-tRNA synthetase gene in up-

stream region, 7356Brucella melitensistwo chromosomes, 701

Brucella spp.outer membranes

not barriers to hydrophobic per-meants, 5273

btr geneB. pertussis

FNR-like transcriptional regulator,7228

Buchnera aphidicolaendosymbiont of aphid S. graminumtrpDC(F)BA operon, putative, 6426

trpDC(F)BA operon, putative, 6426Budding site selection

S. cerevisiaecdc-like autolytic mutant, alteration

in, 65622,3-Butanediol operon

E. aerogenes, 1392K terrigena, 1392

BvgAS virulence control systemB. bronchisepticaflaA gene transcription, regulation of,

3468

Cl metabolismE. coli, 1961heat shock, 1961

C3 and botulinal neurotoxin genesC. botulinumcomparative analysis in types C and

D, 7260C4 dicarboxylic acid transportR. meliloti

chemotaxis, relationship with, 2284CAK1 viruslike particle

C. acetobutylicum NCIB 6444pCAK1 phagemid, 3838

Calcium-induced conidiationP. cyclopium, 879

Calvin cycle operonsR. sphaeroidesCbbR positive regulator, 5778

cam operonP. putida PpG1

transcription, 6953CAM plasmid

P. putidacamR, 7828cytochrome P-450cam hydroxylase

operon repressor, 7828cAMP receptor protein-cAMP complex

E. colistationary-phase response, 7910

Campylobacter coliflagellin genes

distribution and polymorphism, 3051r54 flaB flagellin promoterenvironmental regulation, 4448

Campylobacter fetusantigenic variation

S-layer protein expression, shift in,4979

S-layer protein expression, shift inantigenic variation, 4979

Campylobacter jejuniflagellin genes

distribution and polymorphism, 3051Campylobacterjejuni TGH9011genomic map, updated

three rRNA operons, fine mapping of,7468

camRP. putida CAM plasmid

cytochrome P-450cam hydroxylaseoperon repressor, 7828

camR genesP. putida PpG1

transcription, 6953Candida albicans

D-arabitol metabolismbiosynthetic pathway, 6314NAD-dependent D-arabitol dehydroge-

nase, 6314aspartyl proteinases

three distinct, 6126DNA sequence conferring adhesion and

aggregation on S. cerevisiae, 5683enolase gene, 2632H+-ATPase

yeast growth and germ tube forma-tion, 5566

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xix

morphological mutantsribosomal DNA units, 7189

plasma membrane ATPaseyeast growth and germ tube forma-

tion, 5566ribosomal DNA units

S. cerevisiae, 7189variations in number in morphological

mutants and normal strains, 7189S. cerevisiae

ribosomal DNA units, 7189SfiI macrorestriction map of genome,

6637Candida boidinii

methylotrophic yeastautonomously replicating plasmids

which are also functional in S.cerevisiae, 3556

high-frequency transformation, 3556Capsular K5 polysaccharide

E. coliK5 gene cluster, mutants with defects

in region 1 of, 5984Capsular polysaccharide

E. coliK5 antigen gene cluster region 1, 5978

Capsular polysaccharides, group 1E. coli 09:K30:H12

rcs regulatory system role in expres-sion, 5384

Capsular polysaccharides, serotype spe-cific

E. coligroup II K antigens, strains with, 6725

CARI expressionRAP1 protein, 941S. cerevisiae, 941

Carbaryl hydrolysisP. aeruginosa

constitutively expressed enzyme, 6711Carbohydrate metabolism, global regula-

tion ofA. brasilense

phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phos-photransferase system locus, 3240

Carbon starvationClp protease subunits, 53E. coli, 53

Carbonic anhydrase, cyanate inducedE. coli, 1443

Carboxysome structure and functionSynechococcus sp. strain PCC7942genomic DNA region, 2871

Carminomycin 4-O-methyltransferase geneS. peucetis

E. coli, expression in, 3900cat gene

nascent leader peptidepeptidyl transferase, inhibition of,

5309Catabolite controlStreptomyces spp., 1213

Catalase-peroxidaseH. halobium

unique properties, 4197M. tuberculosiskatG gene, 4255

Catechol 1,2-dioxygenaseP. putida PaW85pheBA operon, 8038

Caulobacter crescentuscopper-zinc superoxide dismutase, peri-

plasmic, 1198

flaN, 2067flbG, 2067fliF operon

cell cycle regulation, 367ftr4 element, 367gyrase B gene

asymmetric expression from replica-tion-competent chromosome inpredivisional cell, 6970

cbb operonsA. eutrophus

phosphoglycolate phosphatase, 7329CbbRR. sphaeroides

Calvin cycle operons, positive regula-tor of, 5778

X. flavusautotrophic CO2 fixation enzymes,

requirement for expression of,6097

LysR-type transcriptional activator,6097

CbpA cellulose-binding proteinC. cellulovorans

specific interactions of hydrophobicrepeated domain with endogluca-nases, 7119

CcpAB. subtilis

acetate kinase gene regulation, 7348cdc-like autolytic mutant

S. cerevisiaebudding site selection, alteration in,

6562SP012, complementation by, 6562

celG geneC. thermocellum

nucleotide sequence and characteriza-tion of its product, endoglucanaseCelG, 3353

Cell cycleS. cerevisiae

a/a, 3174volume growth of daughter and parent

cells, 3174Cell division

E. coliftsZ, 2788

Cell envelopecombined microscopy techniques, 1946E. coliTolR protein, 6059

M. hungatei, 1946Cell wall antigens

S. mutansisogenic mutants, multiple changes in,

5925Cell wall endo-P-1,2-glucanase

S. cerevisiaeBGL2 gene product, 2102

Cell wall hydrolase geneB. subtilis

sporulation specific, 6260Cell wall-associated enzymes

B. subtilisproton motive force, regulation by,

5690Cell-cell signalingM. xanthus

esg, 7762Cellobiase and glycanase, locations of

F. succinogenesmembrane and glycogen granule, 6810

Cellobiose phosphotransferase system op-eron

B. stearothermophilus XL-65-6cloning, sequencing, and functional

expression in E. coli, 6441Cellulolytic enzymesAzoarcus sp.

E. coli, expression in, 7056Cellulomonas fimi

cellulose-binding polypeptides, 1910Cellulose-binding polypeptides

C. fimi, 1910Cellulose-binding protein A

C. cellulovoranscellulose-binding domain, 5762

Cellulosome gene clusterC. thermocellum, 1891

celS geneC. thermocellum, 1293

Cephamycin C biosynthesisS. clavuligenrs

precursor flux control through targetedchromosomal insertion of thelysine e-aminotransferase (lat)gene, 6916

"2Cf plasma desorption mass spectrometrycomparison of lipids A in several Esche-

nchia and Salmonella strains, 2988CFA/I fimbrial operon

E. colidifferential decay of RNA, 7976

Chaperone proteinE. coli

nascent polypeptides, highly selectivebinding of, 2184

Chaperonin genesC. vinosum, 1514

CheAE. coli, 2097kinase regulation, 2097

ChemotaxisA. brasilense, 952E. coli, 1235inhibition by w-conotoxin, 1235methyl-accepting proteinswide distribution among species, 133

R. melilotiC4 dicarboxylic acid transport, rela-

tionship with, 2284R. sphaeroides

attractant metabolism, 291CheY

P. aeruginosa pilG, homology to, 5934ChitinaseAlteromonas sp. strain 0-7, 176

Chlamydia psittaciintracellular

purine metabolism, 4662pyrimidine metabolism, 4652

Chlamydia psittaci 6BCearly-stage gene, identification of, 2936

Chlamydia spp.ompA gene

allelic diversity, 487Chlamydia trachomatishctB

variant histone-like protein with DNA-binding activity, 4274

histone Hi-like proteinDNA interaction, 1785

Mip-like proteinlipoprotein, 3669

RNA polymerase c-subunit operon

VOL. 174, 1992

xx SUBJECT INDEX

cloning and characterization, 7150Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

B. subtiliscytoplasmic protein incompatible for

export, 5697Chlorin reductase-encoding locusR. capsulatusbchA, 2407bchX, behY, and bchZ, 2407

Chloroaromatics, degradation ofPseudomonas sp. strain B13

maleylacetate reductase, 6075Chlorobium tepidum

nitrogen fixation, 474Choline deprivation

S. oralis, 1717Choline transport activity

S. aureusosmotic stress and low phosphate con-

centrations, 2400chpA and chpB

E. colipem locus, chromosomal homologs of,

6850plasmid R100, stable maintenance of,

6850Chromatium vinosum

chaperonin genes, 1514Chromosomal segments, cloned

E. colireplication, 5145

Chromosomal virulence gene, newA. tumefaciens

isolation and characterization, 3208Chromosome

B. melitensis, 701B. subtilis, 741

Chromosome mapB. japonicum, 613

Chromosome replication initiationE. coli

cooperation of prs and dnaA geneproducts, 5559

Chromosome replication sitesE. coliDnaA protein, induction by, 6537

chvE chromosomal virulence geneA. tumefaciensLysR family member, regulation by,

7880chvIA. tumefaciens

chromosomal response regulatorygenes, 6626

E. coliphoB mutation, complementa-tion of, 6626

virulence, requirement for, 6626Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiga-

nensis NCPPB382phytopathogenic bacterium

virulence factors, plasmid encoded,2131

clcR geneP. putida, 417

Cloacin DF13 susceptibilityE. coli, 548tol genes, 548

Clostidium acetobutylicumsmall heat shock proteinDNA region encoding, 3394

sol operonsolventogenesis, chromosomal operon

involved in, 6959

Clostridium acetobutylicum NCIB 6444pCAK1 phagemidCAK1 viruslike particle, 3838

Clostridium beijerinckiiprimary-secondary alcohol dehydroge-

nase, 5097Clostridium botulinumC3 and botulinal neurotoxin genes

comparative analysis in types C andD, 7260

types C and DC3 and botulinal neurotoxin genes,

comparative analysis of, 7260Clostridium cellulolyticum ATCC 35319

crystalline cellulose, adhesion andgrowth rate on, 3452

Clostridium cellulovoransCbpA cellulose-binding protein

specific interactions of hydrophobic-repeated domain with endogluca-nases, 7119

cellulose-binding protein Acellulose-binding domain, 5762

Clostridium fervidusamino acid transport, 2060

Clostridium thermoaceticumnitrate as preferred electron sink, 8008

Clostridium thermocellumcelG gene

nucleotide sequence and characteriza-tion of its product, endoglucanaseCelG, 3353

cellulosome gene cluster, 1891celS gene, 1293

Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricumglycoprotein structure, 1250

Clp proteaseE. coli

Mu-mediated DNA rearrangements,role in, 2625

Clp protease subunitscarbon starvation, 53E. coli, 53

cnr determinantA. eutrophus, 767, 779zinc resistance, 779

CO2 fixationR. sphaeroides

reductive pentose phosphate indepen-dent, 3372

CO2 fixation, control ofR. sphaeroides

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, absence of, 7109

CO2 fixation genesB. japonicum, 866expression in R. sphaeroides, 866X. flavus, 866

cobA mutantsS. typhimuriumcobU-dependent assimilation of nona-

denosylated cobinamide, 6328Cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthetic

genesS. typhimurium

characterization, 3303Cobalamin nucleotide loop

S. typhimuriummutants defective in synthesis, 3317

Cobalamin, outer membrane transport ofE. coli

proton motive force driven, 3146

Cobalamin/propanediol regulonS. typhimurium

control by two global regulatory sys-tems (Crp and Arc), 7200

codA geneE. coli

physical mapping, 3685Coenzyme B12

P. denitrificanscorrin macrocycle biosynthesis, 7430

Cohesion-dependent cell interactionsM. xanthus, regulation in, 3636

ColElE. colicopy number maintenance, 4405pcnB gene, 4405

ColElAp plasmidE. colimbeC transcription, 6982

Color sensing in the Archaeaeukaryotic-like receptor coupled to a

prokaryotic transducer, 7755minireview, 7755

ColV-K30 virulence plasmidE. coli

replication initiator protein, 3563ComA

B. subtilissrfA promoter, binding to, 3182

Comomonas testosteroni4-toluene sulfonate transport, 1075

Conidiation, calcium inducedP. cyclopium, 879

ConidiosporesP. chrysosporium

pellet formation, 5135surface properties, 5135

ConjugationE. coli

retrotransfer, 583Conjugative transposonsBacteroides spp.

tetracycline regulation of genes, 6134Copper resistance operon

P. syringae, 1656two-component regulatory system, 1656

Copper resistance operon, plasmid-borneP. syringaechromosomal homologs, 4492

Copper-zinc superoxide dismutaseC. crescentus, 1198

Coproporphyrinogen oxidase, oxygen de-pendent

S. typhimuriumhemF gene, 4990

Corrinoid proteins, two novelM. barkeri

acetate-grown cells, 4824Corynebacterium flavum N13ask-asd operon

gene structure and expression, 4096Corynebacterium glutamicumgap-pgk-tpi-ppc gene cluster, 3905gene amplification, 1001ilvB-ilvN-ilvC operon

isoleucine synthesis, 5595isoleucine synthesis

ilvB-ilvN-ilvC operon, 5595Cox proteinP2

site-specific recombination, modulatorof directionality in, 7848

J. BA=-1RIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX

cpdPV. fischeri

periplasmic 3':5'-cyclic dinucleotidephosphodiesterase gene, 4615

cpx mutantsE. coli, 921F plasmid TraJ protein, 921

cryIIIA toxin geneB. thuringiensis

distant upstream DNA sequence re-quired for full expression, 2952

cryIVAB. thuingiensis subsp. israelensis

mosquito larvicidal crystal proteingene, 2750

Cryptococcus neoformansmelanin

antioxidant function, 7102transformation, 1405

Crystal protein gene operonB. thuringiensis subsp. thompsoni

transcriptional regulation, 7951Crystalline cellulose

C. cellulolyticumadhesion and growth rate on, 3452

CsgAM. xanthus

dsp mutations, effect on cell-to-celltransmission of, 3648

cspAE. coli

chloramphenicol, induction of tran-scription by, 5824

major cold shock gene, 5824csrA

E. colipleiotropic gene affecting glycogen

biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis,cell size, and surface properties,4744

csrA regulatory geneE. coli

physical map, 5740C-to-T mutations

E. coil5-methycytosines, high frequency at,

4985Cyanate-induced carbonic anhydrase

E. coli, 1443Cyanide dihydratase

B. pumilus Clisolation and characterization, 6105

Cyanobacterialight-harvesting complex, environmental

effectsminireview, 575

ntcA nitrogen control genegeneral distribution, 5710

unicellular aerobic nitrogen fixingCyanothece strains, 1284

Cyanobacterial heterocystsribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase,

7301Cyanobacterial strains

plasmids sharing novel replication origin,5701

Cyanobacterial thylakoid membranesfatty acid desaturation, 544

CyanobacteriumSynechococcus sp. strain PCC7942carboxysome structure and function,

2871

Cyanothece strainsunicellular, aerobic nitrogen-fixing cya-

nobacteria, 1284Cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerateM. thermoautotrophicum AH

gluconeogenesis, component of newbranch in, 4087

Cyclic adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphateB. poitrasiiNADP-/NAD-glutamate dehydroge-

nase ratio, 6052yeast/mycelium transition, 6052

cynR regulatory geneE. coliCynR is a DNA-binding protein, 7990

CYS3 geneS. cerevisiae

bacterial expression, 4800cystathionine y-lyase, 4800

cysG geneS. typhimurium, 1457

Cystathionine -y-lyaseS. cerevisiaeCYS3 gene, 4800physicochemical and enzymatic prop-

erties, 4800Cysteine biosynthesis

S. cerevisiaetranssulfuration pathway built up by

enzyme recruitment, 5366CytA crystal formation

B. thunngiensis20-kilodalton protein, promotion by,

5276sporulation, 5276

Cytadhesin P1 geneM. pneumoniae

S. citri expression of epitope carriedon G fragment, 2783

Cytochrome a,A. aceti

ubiquinol oxidase function, 4307Cytochrome aa3N. winogradskyi

cytochrome c, membrane bound, 4400Cytochrome c, membrane boundN. winogradskyi

cytochrome aa3, alternative electrondonor for, 4400

Cytochrome deficiencyS. sphaeroides mutant strain

lack of capability to oxidize methylgroups, 3043

Cytochrome P-450 family, newP. incognita

cytochrome P-4501in (CYP111), 6028Cytochrome P-4501in (CYP111)

P. incognitacytochrome P-450 family, new, 6028

Cytochromesaa3

B. japonicum, 128oxygen-dependent transcriptional reg-

ulation, 128B. japonicum aa3

oxygen-dependent transcriptional reg-ulation, 128

bc,Ectothiorhodospira spp., 1629

Ectothiorhodospira bcl, 1629P-450R rhodochrous, 1467

R. rhodochrous P-450, 1467

R. sphaeroides C2photosynthesis, 358

cytR mutationsE. coli

oligomerization of mutant repressorsubunits, 4625

DAL80 repressor proteinS. cerevisiae

multiple copies of GATAA-containingsequences, binding to, 5851

URSGATA, binding to, 5851dam mutants

E. coli K-12genetic requirements for viability,

7505dapA, orf2, and dapB gene cluster

B. lactofermentumdihydropicolinate synthase, dihydropi-

colinate reductase, and third poly-peptide of unknown function,2743

dcp geneE. coli

cloning, sequencing, transcript map-ping, and characterization of theproduct, 7290

dctA4 expression, 0-54 dependentR. melilotiDctD transcriptional activator, nega-

tive regulation by, 2674DctD transcriptional activator

R. melilotinegative regulation of o-54-dependent

dctA expression, 2674degA gene product

B. subtilisphosphoribosylpyrophosphate amido-

transferase degradation in E. coli,acceleration of degradation by,6348

Dehalogenase gene productP. paucimobilis

-y-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation,6403

Deinococcus radioduransDNA polymerase gene required for ex-

treme radioresistanceidentification, sequencing, and tar-

geted mutagenesis, 3581A12 desaturase

Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803desA gene, 6056

8' subunitE. coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme

structural gene encoding, 3812Denitrification, anaerobic control of

P. stutzerifnr-like gene, escape from mutagenesis

of, 72363-Deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid-con-

taining polysaccharidesR. fredii and R. meliloti

E. coli group II K antigens, structuralanalogy to, 3570

desA geneSynechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803A12 desaturase, structural gene for,

6056Desferrioxamine B synthesis

S. pilosusiron-regulated promoter with homol-

VOL. 174, 1992

xxii SUBJECT INDEX

ogy to diphtheria toxin gene pro-moter, 3295

Desulfovibrio desulfuricansshuttle vector construction

small plasmid, 4121small plasmid

shuttle vector construction, 4121Desulfovibrio fructosovorans

periplasmic [NiFe] hydrogenase tran-scription unit, 3388

Desulfovibrio gigasalcohol dehydrogenaseoxygen labile, NAD-dependent, 2859

Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. vulgarisHildenborough

hmc operonpotential transmembrane redox protein

complex, 4699Development-specific protein SP21

S. aurantiaca, 905devRSM. xanthus

autoregulated and essential geneticlocus for fruiting body develop-ment, 7450

dgk geneE. coli

physical map, 5728dhfriVI gene

TnSO86, 1796trimethoprim resistance, 1796

Dibenzofuran 4,4a-dioxygenaseSphingomonas sp. strain.RW1

angular dioxygenation by a three-com-ponent enzyme system, 6467

Dibenzofuran- and dibenzo-p-dioxin-de-grading bacterium

Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1, 7313Dibenzothiophene and naphthalene, metab-

olism ofPseudomonas strains

upper naphthalene catabolic pathway,complete DNA sequence of, 6890

"2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetate monooxy-genase"

A. eutrophus, 20833,6-Dideoxyhexose pathway genesY pseudotuberculosis, 1412

Dienelactone hydrolaseP. cepacia, 2994

Dihydropicolinate synthase and reductaseB. lactofermentum dapA, orf2, and dapB

gene clusterthird polypeptide of unknown func-

tion, 27432,2'-Dihydroxybiphenyl metabolismPseudomonas sp. strain HBP1, 1621

dinF geneE. coli

physical map, 57282,4-Dinitrophenol

oxidative phosphorylation, uncoupler ofE. coli, adaptation of, 7105

2,4-Dinitrotoluene degradation genesPseudomonas sp. strain DNT, 1831

dinY geneE. coli, 642

Dipeptide permease5-aminolevulinic acid transport, 325S. typhimurium, 325

Dipeptide permease operonB. subtilis

mutations that relieve nutritional re-

pression, 4605Diphtheria toxin gene promoter

S. pilosus desferrioxamine B synthesisiron-regulated promoter, homology to,

3295Diphtheria toxin sequence

ADP-ribosylation activity, 898DisaggregataseM. mazei

immunochemistry and localization,3115

Disulfide reductase, broad rangeS. clavuligerus, 623

Di-tripeptide uptakeL. lactis, 2052

DmpR genePseudomonas sp. strain CF600, 1596

DNA adenine methylase (dam) mutantsE. coli K-12

genetic requirements for viability,7505

DNA amplificationStreptomyces spp., 1126transferable, 1126

DNA damage preventionBacillus spp., 1367small acid-soluble proteins, 1367

DNA degradationR. cecicola, 4681

DNA gyrase genesS. aureus, 3269

DNA helicase IE. coli

oniT nicking reaction product, 2599DNA helicase II

E. coli, 341uvrD252 mutant, 341

DNA inversion, site specificHK022, 693

DNA packaginglambdoid phage

sites and gene products involved, 2393DNA polymerase I

E. colimutY-dependent mismatch repair, role

in, 7732polymerization and 5'-*3' exonuclease

activities, 7254rnhA mutants, 7254

DNA polymerase IISOS-induced translesion bypass, 561

DNA polymerase III holoenzymeE. coli

5' subunit, structural gene encoding,3872

dnaX gene products T and y, 60184 subunit gene, 5604

DNA polymerase geneD. radiodurans

extreme radioresistance, requirementfor, 3581

DNA repairE. coli

heteroduplexes with multibase loops,3972

DNA replication initiationE. colionC site, 6731RNase H, absence of a direct role for,

6731DNA topoisomerase I mutants

E. coli, 1645plasmid hypernegative supercoiling, 1645

dnaA gene productE. coli

cooperation with prs gene product forinitiation of chromosome replica-tion, 5559

DnaA proteinE. coli

three distinct chromosome replicationsites induced by increasing con-centrations, 6537

DnaJ, DnaK, and GrpEE. coli

heat shock proteins, 3546P1 plasmid replication, stimulation of,

3546dnaJ gene

L. lactis, 1637dnaK gene

Z. mobilisE. coli, expression in, 3228

DnaK (HSP70)gram-negative bacteria, epitope found in,

6433DNasepyocin AP41, 912

dnaX geneE. coli, 6663

dnaX gene products T and yE. coliDNA polymerase III holoenzyme,

6018Double helicase II (uvrD)-helicase IV

(helD) deletion mutantsE. coli

recombination pathways, defect in,4641

Double-strand break repairE. coli

genetic analysis, 5176dsp mutationsM. xanthusCsgA cell-to-cell transmission, effect

on, 3648dTDP-rhamnose synthesisX. campestris pv. campestns

lipopolysaccharide production, 7786DUR3

S. cerevisiaeurea active transporter gene, 4688

E gene,X174

X S and R dysfunction for host celllysis, complementation of, 3909

Early-stage geneC. psittaci 6BC, 2936

EcoRII methyltransferase inductionE. coli

autogenous control, evidence for, 6293Ectothiorhodospira halophila

negative phototaxisphotoactive yellow protein, 3096

Ectothiorhodospira spp.cytochrome bc1 complex, 1629

Elastase, defectiveP. aeruginosa

lasBI mutants, 4008Electric shock

E. coli behavioral responses, 5785Electron sink

C. thermoaceticumnitrate, 8008

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxiii

Electron transport proteinsN. europaea

multiple copies of genes, 2445Electrospray mass spectroscopy

structural heterogeneity of lipooligosac-charides from pathogenic Haemoph-ilus and Neisseria species and ofR-type lipopolysaccharides from S.typhimurium, 2702

Elongation factor Tu, mutantribosome interaction, 240

emrAB, 0, 3723, 3723Endoglucanase CelG

C. thermocellum, 3353Endo-N-acylneuraminidase, tail gene en-

codingKlF bacteriophagecomparison to homolog in PK1E, 4354

Endopeptidase genelactococci, 2087

EndoribonucleaseB. subtilis

intracellular pyrimidine-specific, 6717Endotoxins, bacterial

lipids that activate eucaryotic signaltransduction, 5745

minireview, 5745Endoxylanase

T. saccharolyticum B6A-RIactive site and thermostability regions,

5890Energy flux

S. cerevisiaeNaCl stress, 2205

Enolase geneC. albicans, 2632

Enterobacter aerogenes2,3-butanediol operon, 1392tonB geneTonB box suppressor mutant, novel

type of, 6158Enterobacter cloacae

,-lactamase induction, 1537peptidoglycan tripeptides, 1537

Enterobacteriaceaelipopolysaccharide

7-substituted sialic acid, 1508plasmid-encoded urease gene cluster,

1860urease gene cluster, plasmid encodedUreR, positive regulation by, 3459

Enterococcus faecalisglycerol metabolism

glycerol kinase phosphorylation, regu-lation by, 3730

phosphotransferase system, 3730hemolysin-bacteriocin plasmid pAD1traC determinant and sex pheromone

binding, 5260mating aggregate formation

genes affecting expression of bindingsubstance, 7421

pAD1autonomous replication, 1900sex pheromone response, 1008

pAD1 hemolysin-bacteriocin plasmidtraC determinant and sex pheromone

binding, 5260pCF10 conjugative plasmid

sex pheromone-binding function, re-gion encoding, 5253

surface proteins, visualization of, 6229sex pheromone binding

traC determinant of plasmid pAD1,5260

sex pheromone-binding functionpCF10 conjugative plasmid, 5253

surface proteins encoded by pheromone-inducible conjugative plasmidpCF10

high-resolution visualization by fieldemission scanning electron mi-croscopy, 6229

Enterococcus faecalis OG1growth requirements, 5216regions encoding biosynthetic function,

5216restriction map, 5216

Enterococcus faeciumglycopeptide resistance, 117Tn1546, 117

Enterococcus hiraepenicillin-binding protein 5

synthesis control, 2046Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790rm operons, two

intergenic spacers, 3213Enterococcus hirae S185

low-affinity penicillin-binding protein3r_encoding gene

modular design and structural organi-zation of the protein, 2844

Enteropathogenic E. coliintimate attachment to epithelial cellssecond chromosomal gene necessary

for, 4670Environmental stress responses

S. mutansmutant altered in, 6220

a-Epimerase activityP. putida

amino acid racemase, 4213Epithelial cells, invasion of

S. flexneneight genes in region 5 that form an

operon, 2334Erwinia amylovora

avirulent mutants lacking PBP2, 6082harpin secretion

HrpI, 7958HrpI

harpin secretion, function in, 7958new protein family member, 7958

penicillin-binding proteinsavirulent mutants lacking PBP2, 6082

Tn5393, 732Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16

galacturonic acid uptake, 4263Erwinia herbicolaaroQ-encoded monofunctional choris-

mate mutase (CM-F)periplasmic enzyme, 4729

periplasmic enzymearoQ-encoded monofunctional choris-

mate mutase (CM-F), 4729Erythritol formation

L. oenospathway and regulation, 3941

Erythrocyte membranestreptolysin 0

ring-shaped structure with crownformed on erythrocyte membrane,5953

Erythromycin C-12 hydroxylase geneS. erythraea, 182

ES4 hyperthermophilic archaeontemperature-induced changes in protein

composition, 2839thermotolerance, enhanced, 2839

Escherichia coli1,5-anhydroglucitol

conditional synthesis and utilization,7138

2,4-dinitrophenoladaptation to, 7105

aatleucyl, phenylalanyl-tRNA-protein

transferase gene, 4364N-end rule, 4364

Abc-modified RecBCD enzyme, 1756acetyl coenzyme A carboxylasegrowth rate regulation, 332

acetyl phosphate, global regulation byminireview, 2793

acrA and acrE genesmolecular cloning and characteriza-

tion, 6299Ada protein

class I transcription factor, 2455adhE gene

anaerobic regulation, 870adi gene, 1221aeg-46.5

regulatory sequence, 1165AGG codons, consecutive

effect on translation, 716allele replacementsphagemid-based system, 4260

5-aminolevulinic acid transport, 1452ams-1 and me-3071 temperature-sensi-

tive mutationsmre locus, 4245

anaerobic metabolismosmotic repression, 214

anaerobic pyruvate inductionintegration host factor, 5769pfl operon, 5769

antibiotic resistancemar operon activation, 7856mar-independent pathway, 7856salicylate induction, 7856

AppppA-binding protein E89heat shock protein ClpB, 2321

A-protein expressionA. salmonicida gene, 3105protein containing ATP-binding cas-

sette, 3105surface array protein gene, beside,

3105arginine decarboxylase gene adi, 1221aromatic hydroxylasebroad substrate range, 2162

ArsA proteinnucleotide binding sites, 352

atp (unc) operonlimited differential mRNA activation,

5791Azoarcus sp.

cellulolytic enzymes, expression of,7056

B. subtilis phosphoribosylpyrophosphateamidotransferase

degA gene product, acceleration ofdegradation by, 6348

bacA gene amplificationbacitracin resistance, 3784

bacteriocin release proteinSec protein, 1543

VOL. 174, 1992

xxiv SUBJECT INDEX

bacteriophage receptor areaTsx protein segment, 2809

behavioral responses to changes in tem-perature caused by electric shock,5785

capsular K5 polysaccharideK5 gene cluster, mutants with defects

in region 1 of, 5984capsular polysaccharide, cell surface

expression ofK5 antigen gene cluster region 1, 5978

capsular polysaccharides, serotype spe-cific

group II K antigens, strains with, 6725carbon starvation

Clp protease subunits, 53carbonic anhydrase, cyanate induced,

1443cell size

csrA, 4744CFA/I fimbrial operon

differential decay of RNA, 7976chaperone protein

nascent polypeptides, highly selectivebinding of, 2184

CheAkinase regulation, 2097

chemotaxisinhibition by w-conotoxin, 1235pss and psd genes, requirement of,

7711chpA and chpBpem locus, chromosomal homologs of,

6850plasmid R100, stable maintenance of,

6850chromosome replication initiation

cooperation ofprs and dnaA geneproducts, 5559

cloacin DF13 susceptibilitytol genes, 548

cloned chromosomal segmentsreplication, 5145

Clp protease subunitscarbon starvation, 53

cobalamin, outer membrane transport ofproton motive force driven, 3146

ColEl copy number maintenancepcnB gene, 4405

ColElAp plasmidmbeC transcription induced by conju-

gative plasmids from 12 incompat-ibility groups, 6982

ColV-K30 virulence plasmidreplication initiator protein, 3563

conjugationretrotransfer, 583

cpx mutantsF plasmid TraJ protein, 921

cspAchloramphenicol, induction of tran-

scription by, 5824major cold shock gene, 5824

csrAcell size, 4744gluconeogenesis, 4744glycogen biosynthesis, 4744pleiotropic gene affecting glycogen

biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis,cell size, and surface properties,4744

surface properties, 4744csrA regulatory gene

physical map, 5740cyanate-induced carbonic anhydrase,

1443cynR regulatory geneCynR is a DNA-binding protein, 7990

cytR mutationsoligomerization of mutant repressor

subunits, 4625dep gene

cloning, sequencing, transcript map-ping, and characterization of theproduct, 7290

dinY gene, 642division cycle

synthesis of peptidoglycan and mem-brane, 3121

DNA helicase IonT nicking reaction product, 2599

DNA helicase IIuvrD252 mutant, 341

DNA polymerase ImutY-dependent mismatch repair, role

in, 7732polymerization and 5'-*3' exonuclease

activities, 7254mhA mutants, 7254

DNA polymerase IISOS-induced translesion bypass, 561

DNA polymerase III holoenzyme8' subunit, structural gene encoding,

3812dnaX gene products T and -y, 60184i subunit gene, 5604

DNA repairheteroduplexes with multibase loops,

3972DNA replication initiationonC site, 6731RNase H, absence of a direct role for,

6731DNA topoisomerase I mutants

plasmid hypernegative supercoiling,1645

dnaA gene productcooperation with dnaA gene product

for initiation of chromosome repli-cation, 5559

DnaA proteinthree distinct chromosome replication

sites induced by increasing con-centrations, 6537

DnaJ, DnaK, and GrpEP1 plasmid replication, stimulation of,

3546dnaX gene, 6663double helicase II (uvrD)-helicase IV

(helD) deletion mutantsrecombination pathways, defect in,

4641double-strand break repair

genetic analysis, 5176double-stranded DNA virus PRD1

IncP-type plasmid, binding to receptorencoded by, 3089

EcoRII methyltransferase inductionautogenous control, evidence for, 6293

electric shockbehavioral responses, 5785

emrABmultidrug resistance efflux pump, 3723thiolactomycin resistance, 3723

energetic efficiencyaerobic respiratory chain components,

effects of mutations in, 3020entD gene

B. subtilis sfpo gene, relationship with,6203

enteroinvasivevirulence genes characterized by

TnphoA mutagenesis, 4817enteropathogenic

fimbriae, 7391intimate attachment to epithelial cells,

second chromosomal gene neces-sary for, 4670

F1Fo ATP synthasea subunit mutagenesis, 1337

F factortraY gene product characterization

and binding sites, 2221F pilin

acetylation, 1375synthesis, 1384traX, 1375

ferredoxin NADP+ reductase, 1590ferrous iron uptake system, 6212Ffh

B. subtilis homolog, 4885FhuA outer membrane receptor, 826FhuA protein

microcin 25 uptake, 7741fimbriae

enteropathogenic strains, 7391fimbriae, type 1

inversion-independent phase variation,4335

fimbrial phase variationLrp, 27

FisrnB P1 activation, 1580

FIS proteinbacteriophage Mu lysogeny, mainte-

nance of, 3798flagella, lack of

adverse conditions causing, 2229mechanism causing, 2236

flagellar rotation, change in direction ofacetate kinase mediated, 3236

flagellin sequencesserologically distinct filaments with

shared complex surface pattern,5395

fint gene, 993folA null derivatives, 909folP gene

leuU gene, 7743fructose 1,6-bisphosphate deficiency

pyrophosphate-dependent phosphof-ructo-1-kinase, complementationby, 5723

ftsA12(Ts)ftsN, 3790

FtsH protein, 1344, 1352ftsN

essential cell division gene, 3790ftsZ

cell division, 2788FtsZ overexpression

relief of cell division inhibition causedby penicillin-binding protein 2 in-activation, 6704

FtsZ ringSulA and MinCD, 1118

ftsZ-ftsA gene junction antisense tran-scription

cell division, inhibition of, 7097

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxv

Gal repressor and isorepressortranscription, 251

ged gene, 568GcvA protein

glycine cleavage enzyme system, rolein, 5129

GDP-mannose biosynthesis genes07:K1 strain, 148

glmU geneN-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate

uridyltransferase, 6150glnB

purine repressor, regulation by, 3598ginB region of the chromosome, 7441glnG

insertions and deletions, 190global gene regulation, 2037gipT and glpD mutationsphoA expression, 74

gitBDF operonleucine-responsive regulatory protein,

regulation by, 7160gluconeogenesis

csrA, 4744gluconeogenic growthpps and pck, control by, 6939

D-glutamate genetics, 111glycerol kinase

interaction with glycerol facilitator,1087

glycinamide ribonucleotide transformy-lase

evidence for a novel one, 3591glycine cleavage enzyme systemGcvA and PurR proteins, roles of,

5129positive regulation, 902

glycogen biosynthesiscsrA, 4744

glycoporin functionLamB derepression, 1475

glyoxylate bypass operonrelative expression of products, 4572

gonococcal transferrin-binding protein 1,expression of

human transferrin, binding to, 2448groEL mutations, 1134group II K antigens

R. fredii and R. meliloti 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid-contain-ing polysaccharides, structuralanalogy to, 3570

group II K antigens, strains withcolanic acid expression, 6725serotype-specific capsular polysaccha-

rides, expression of, 6725GTP cyclohydrolase I

physical mapping, 1553GTP cyclohydrolase II gene

riboflavin biosynthesis, 4045H pilus

assembly kinetics determined by elec-tron microscopy, 2175

hde genesphysical map, 7747

hdhA 7a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenasegene

physical map, 5730heat shock

one-carbon metabolism, 1961heat shock genes

26 new, 5242htpy, 2613

heat shock protein ClpBAppppA-binding protein E89, 2321

heat shock proteinsDnaJ, DnaK, and GrpE, 3546P1 plasmid replication, stimulation of,

3546hemE gene

physical map location, 7749heteroduplex DNA molecules with

multibase loopsrepair, 3972

hnsacid-induced amino acid decarboxy-

lase gene expression, 1182H-NS nucleoid proteinhde gene expression, 7747

Holliday intermediates, resolution ofruv mutations, 4325

hsdK (restriction-modification) genesdelayed expression of in vivo restric-

tion activity following conjugaltransfer, 4905

htpY heat shock genemutational analysis, cloning, sequenc-

ing, and transcriptional regulation,2613

htrD gene, 166htrE operonpap and related pilin operons, homol-

ogy to, 5009hydrostatic pressure

stress response to, 7170hypB gene product, 630IF3 translation initiation factor muta-

tionsrecJ mutations, suppression of, 6118

ilvA mutationsefficient approach to identify, 6605

inducible repair gene dinY, 642invX

virulence gene required for entry intoHEp-2 cells, 4817

ISI, eighth copyphysical mapping, 1552

isocitrate lyasesite-directed mutagenesis, 2263

IucD proteinrecombinant cytoplasmic forms, 589

K5 antigen gene clustercapsular polysaccharide, cell surface

expression of, 5978region 1, 5978

K5 gene cluster region 1 mutantscapsular K5 polysaccharide expres-

sion, 5984K+ uptake proteinKup, 6925

KatFcarbon starvation, posttranscriptional

regulation during, 2143a factor, putative, 2143

KatF (e) synthesisposttranscriptional regulation, 2150

kdp operon expressionevidence against turgor as signal for

transcriptional control, 4528a-ketoglutarate permeasemembrane topology model, 565

kinase regulationCheA, 2097

Kup K+-uptake proteinhydrophobic core linked to a large and

partially essential hydrophilic C

terminus, 6925L. bulgaricus phosphofructokinase gene

expression, 5344lactose permease

catalysis of ,-galactoside transport ina gram-positive bacterium, 7488

lactose permease mutants(malto-)oligosaccharides, transport of,

6269lacUVS promoter

type 1 piliation, induction of, 2770LamB derepression

glycoporin function, 1475lamB gene

combinatorial mutagenesis, 858LamB trimers, assembly of

outer membrane, 3327signal sequence processing, require-

ment of, 3327X Gam proteinRecBCD enzyme, interaction with,

4738X receptor

trehalose uptake, 1682XO protein

degradation, energy dependent, 7720late stationary phase

linoleic acid production, 5324Ict genes, three overlapping

L-lactate utilization, 6671leucine-responsive regulatory proteingltBDF operon, regulation of, 7160

leuU genefolP gene, 7743

lexA(Def) backgroundinducible repair gene dinY, 642

linoleic acidlate stationary phase, production dur-

ing, 5324lipoic acid metabolism, 1325L-lactate utilization

Ilct genes, three overlapping, 6671L-rhamnose metabolismgene cluster encoding enzymes, 5585

Lrpfimbrial phase variation, 27P. putida bkdR gene, relation to pro-

tein encoded by, 3934Lrp mutants, 1110lytB gene, 1203MalABC proteins, 6546

maltose and maltotrioseglucose and glucose-i-phosphate,

endogenous formation from, 5655maltose system, formation indepen-

dently of, 5655maltose-binding proteinprUA suppression of defective export

in secB mutants, 4036SecB-dependent and SecA-dependent

export, regions influencing, 6988manganese superoxide dismutase

multiple transcription regulator, 1687mar locus, 1484mar operon

salicylate induction of antibiotic resis-tance, 7856

MarA positive regulatormultiple antibiotic resistance conferred

by overexpression, 2888mar-independent pathway

salicylate induction of antibiotic resis-

VOL. 174, 1992

xxvi SUBJECT INDEX

tance, 7856membrane DNA anchoring, 1645membrane-associated regulatory proteins

UhpB and UhpCinterplay between, 5028

menaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthesismenC gene, 4917

menC genemenaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthe-

sis, 4917methionyl-tRNAp4et formyltransferase

peptide deformylase, encoded on sameoperon as, 7737

5-methylycytosineshigh frequency of C-to-T mutations,

4985micF

control by soxRS, 1026microcin 25 uptakeFhuA protein, 7741

motility and chemotaxispss and psd genes, requirement of,

7711motility, maximum

post-exponential growth, 6238mre locusams-1 and rne-3071 temperature-sensi-

tive mutations in a similar do-main, 4245

mRNA decay, 1043RNase III, 229

Mu-mediated DNA rearrangementsClp protease, role of, 2625

murein sacculusrecycling, 7turnover, 7

murI geneglutamate racemase activity, essentialgene encoding, 2970phenotypic effects, 6571

mutY-dependent mismatch repairDNA polymerase I, role of, 7732patch length of localized repair event,

7732N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyl-

transferaseglmU gene, 6150

NADH dehydrogenase I-lacking mutantsstationary phase, competitive disad-

vantage in, 5642N-end rule

aat gene, 4364nitrogen regulator I (NtrC) regulatory

domainhighly conserved residues, alterations

of, 2692nitrogen regulator II

autophosphorylation, mechanism of,7016

mutational analysis, 7024trans-phosphorylation between sub-

units, 7016NRII

nitrogen regulator II, 7024NtrB

nitrogen regulator II, 7024NtrC regulatory domain

highly conserved residues, alterationsof, 2692

nusA-infB operonB. subtilis, similar organization in,

288004/K54/H5

extraintestinal, pathogenic isolate,7617

group 1 capsule, 7617group 2, K54 capsular polysaccharide,

7617(malto-)oligosaccharides, transport of

lactose permease mutants, 6269OmpF protein

antigenic and colicin receptor sites,2754

stable trimerization, regions involvedin, 2754

OmpR2 mutant, newreversion by EnvZ mutants, 1956

oriC siteDNA replication initiation, 6731

oniK sites, initiation of replication atDNA polymerase I, 7254rnhA mutants, 7254

osmotic repressionanaerobic metabolism, 214

osmotic upshift, two types of behavioralresponses to, 2564

osmY genestationary-phase response, 7910transcriptional control, 7910

outer membraneLamB trimers, assembly of, 3327

oxidative phosphorylation, uncoupler of2,4-dinitrophenol, adaptation to, 7105

P1 plasmidheat shock proteins, stimulation of

replication by, 3546P22 anti-RecBCD proteins, 1756P307 RepFIB

regulatory interaction with RepA, 4016P. aeruginosa algL gene

expression, 4780panB gene

ketopantoate hydroxymethyltrans-ferase, encoding of, 2125

pcnB geneColEl copy number maintenance, re-

quirement for, 4405dispensable, 4405

pem locuschpA and chpB chromosomal ho-

mologs, 6850penicillin-binding protein 2 inactivation

cell division inhibition relieved byFtsZ overexpression, 6704

pepT and potABCD genesphysical map, 7745

peptide deformylasemethionyl-tRNAfMet formyltransferase,

encoded on same operon as, 7737peptidoglycan and membrane

synthesis during division cycle, 3121peptidoglycan subunit assembly, 1841periplasmic binding protein-dependent

transport systemsABC proteins, functional exchange-

ability of, 6546Ugp and Mal, 6546

pfl operonanaerobic pyruvate induction, require-

ment of integration host factorfor, 5769

phagemidallele replacements, system for gener-

ating, 4260PheP permease

transport activity, importance of con-

served charged residues for, 7500phoA expressiongipT and glpD mutations, 74

phoB mutationA. tumefaciens chvI gene, comple-

mentation by, 6626phoH gene, 1316phosphofructo-1-kinase, pyrophosphate-

dependent, 5723fructose 1,6-bisphosphate deficiency,

complementation of, 5723phosphofructokinase deficiency, lack

of complementation of, 5723phosphonate degradation, fourteen-gene

operon forTnphoA' elements, mutational analysis

using, 3430phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide

synthesispurU, 7066

physical map92-minute region, 5728artPIQMJ genes encoding periplasmic

arginine transport system, 3687codA gene, 3685csrA regulatory gene, 5740dgk gene, 5728dinF gene, 5728gltP gene, 5735GTP cyclohydrolase I, 1553hde genes, 7747hdhA 72-hydroxysteroid dehydroge-

nase gene, 5730hemE gene, 7749IS1, eighth copy, 1552leuU gene is near folP gene, 7743lexA gene, 5728methionine genes, scattered, 3689pepT and potABCD genes, 7745phosphoglycerol transferase I gene,

5736plsB gene, 5728priC (opdA) gene, 5731rpoN, 1548, 1550tag gene, 5733tyrT region, 7751ubiCA operon, 5728udk gene, 5742

piliation, type 1lacWJ5 promoter, induction by, 2770

plasmid hypernegative supercoilingDNA topoisomerase I mutants, 1645

plasmolysis baysdivision site development and posi-

tioning, possible relation to, 2241pleiotropic suppressor phenotypepsu mutants, 207

polA mutationssuppression of ColEl high-copy-num-

ber mutants, 428ppGspp

cf synthesis, regulation of, 7982pps and pck

gluconeogenic growth, control of, 6939prUA

secB mutants, suppression of defec-tive export of maltose-bindingprotein in, 4036

prU (secY)novel mutant, 7092

prlC (opdA) genephysical map, 5731

prolipoprotein, lipid-modified

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxvii

requirement of energy and sec geneproducts for processing in vivo,6113

promiscuous exoribonucleasesminireview, 4577

protease I, 1032protein importTolA, 222

prs gene productcooperation with dnaA gene product

for initiation of chromosome repli-cation, 5559

prsApurine repressor, regulation by, 3598

pss and psd genesmotility and chemotaxis, requirement

for, 7711psu mutants

pleiotropic suppressor phenotype, 207PurR protein

glycine cleavage enzyme system, rolein, 5129

purUpurT-dependent phosphoribosyl-N-

formylglycinamide synthesis,source of formate for, 7066

R100 plasmid maintenancechpA and chpB, 6850

recA432 mutantsLexA cleavage following SOS induc-

tion, 7373UV sensitivity and apparent UV non-

mutability, novel mechanism for,7373

RecA dependence of constitutive stableDNA replication

mhA mutants, bypass in, 7247recA mutants

degradation of individual chromo-somes, 5505

recA mutationsRecA1202(Prtc) protein, reduction in

constitutive coprotease activityof, 6518

RecBCD enzymeAbc modification, 1756X Gam protein, interaction with, 4738

recJ mutations, suppression ofIF3 translation initiation factor, muta-

tions in, 6118RecT protein, 277RepA

regulatory interaction with DNA re-peats of RepFIB from P307, 4016

replication initiator protein, 3563respiratory NADH dehydrogenases, dis-

tinct membrane boundseparate genetic loci, 3013

retrotransfer, 583rIb genes07:K1 strain, 148

rffC and rffA genesphysical map, 5738

riboflavin biosynthesisGTP cyclohydrolase II gene, 4045

ribonuclease IA. hydrophila periplasmic, broad-spec-

ificity ribonuclease, relatednessto, 3710

ribose phosphate isomerase ArpiA gene, 5628

RNase IIImRNA decay, 229

rRNA processing, 229RNase H

absence of a direct role in DNA repli-cation at oriC site, 6731

rnhA mutantsbypass of RecA dependence of consti-

tutive stable DNA replication,7247

oriK sites, initiation of replication at,7254

rpiA generibose phosphate isomerase A, 5628

rpoN genephysical mapping, 1548, 1550

rpoS-dependent genesosmotic regulation, 259

rRNA processingRNase III, 229

rrnB P1Fis-dependent activation, 1580transcription by E&32, 661

ruvA, ruvB, and ruvC mutationsindirect suppression, 4325

S. typhimuriumancestry of common insertion se-

quences, 7863Sec proteins

bacteriocin release protein, 1543SecA protein

mutation partially compensating forabsence of SecB, 2255

secB mutantsprUA suppression of defective export

of maltose-binding protein, 4036secretory protein precursors, accumula-

tion ofheat shock response, induction of,

3992SecY complex

determinants of quantity, 7771a factor, putativeKatF, 2143

sodAmultiple transcription regulators, 1687

soi::lacZ gene fusionssuperoxide radicals, induction by,

2645SOS-induced translesion bypassDNA-polymerase II, 561

soxRScontrol of micF, 1026

SoxS proteinnegative autoregulation, 7492soxRS redox stress response, dampen-

ing mechanism for, 7492speA

purine repressor, regulation by, 3598stationary phasecAMP receptor protein-cAMP com-

plex, 7910integration host factor, 7910Lrp, 7910NADH dehydrogenase I-lacking mu-

tants, competitive disadvantageof, 5642

osmY gene, 7910stationary-phase sigma factor oSppGpp, regulation of synthesis by,

7982stress protein, universaluspA gene, 3949

stress responsehydrostatic pressure, 7170

sulfate limitation-induced proteins, 1187surface properties

csrA, 4744tag gene

physical map, 5733tdk locus

mutations, method for selection of,6049

temperature changes caused by electricshock

behavioral responses, 5785Tet(M)-mediated tetracycline resistancetRNA modification, necessity of, 7209

tetracycline resistance gene, class Erelated tetracycline efflux proteins,

4554tetracycline resistance, Tet(M) mediatedtRNA modification, necessity of, 7209

thiCEFGH genes, 982thiolactomycin resistanceemrAB, 3723

threonine deaminase, biosyntheticamino-terminal catalytic domain, 6605

threonine formationcoupled activity of 2-amino-3-ketobu-

tyrate coenzyme A lyase andthreonine dehydrogenase, 6505

thymine-thymine cyclobutane dimerfrequency and accuracy of replication

past, 2607S. cerevisiae, comparison with, 2607

tna leader region, extrachromosomalcopies of

tryptophanase operon expression, in-hibition of, 3380

TnphoA mutagenesisvirulence genes, 4817

tol genescloacin DF13 susceptibility, 548

TolAprotein import, 222

TolQ and TolR proteinsmembrane topologies, 4485TolQ inactivation by missense muta-

tion, 4485TolR protein

cell envelope integrity, requirementfor, 6059

membrane topology, 6059transcarboxylase

12S subunit primary structure deducedfrom DNA, 5301

transductionSalmonella phage P22, 7115

translation systemribosome-inactivating proteins, effects

of, 6721traXF pilin acetylation, 1375

traYbinding sites, 2221F factor, 2221

trehalose uptakeX receptor, 1682

tRNA gene regulation, 1309tRNA modification

Tet(M)-mediated tetracycline resis-tance, necessity for, 7209

tRNAMCt initiator identityformylability and anticodon stem se-

quence, importance of, 4507trpAB double revertants

role of single-mutant intermediates,

VOL. 174, 1992

xxviii SUBJECT INDEX

6411trpR gene

frameshifting modulated by translationinitiation, 3204

tx4mRNA decay, 1043

tryptophanase operon expressionextrachromosomal copies of tna leader

region, inhibition by, 3380Tsx protein

bacteriophage receptor area, segmentthat functions as, 2809

type 1 piliationrapid, synchronous, and stable induc-

tion by using chromosomallacWJ5 promoter, 2770

tyrR genemutations affecting TyrR-mediated

activation but not TyrR-mediatedrepression, 6372

TyrR protein, 303, 1767, 1777tyrT region

genetic map, 7751udk gene

physical map, 5742UgpABC proteins, 6546

UhpB and UhpC membrane-associatedregulatory proteins

interplay between, 5028uspA gene insertional inactivation

universal stress protein, 3949uvrD252 mutantDNA helicase II, 341

visA geneferrochetalase, 2154heme biosynthetic pathway, final en-

zyme of, 2154Z. mobilis dnaK gene, expression of,

3228Escherichia coli KlgutQkpsE upstream open reading frame,

homology to, 8018kpsE

cloning, sequencing, expression, andcomplementation, 8018

upstream open reading frame with ho-mology to gutQ, 8018

Eschenichia coli K-12amino sugar synthesizing and -degrading

enzymescoordinate regulation, 4951

dam mutantsgenetic requirements for viability,

7505DNA adenine methylase (dam) mutants

genetic requirements for viability,7505

fim switchenvironmental control, 6186type 1 fimbrial phase variation, 6186

exogenous y-glutamyl peptide as aminoacid source

-y-glutamyl transpeptidase, 6038NarL and NarP interaction with NarX

and NarQnitrate- and nitrite-regulated gene

expression, 3259nitrate- and nitrite-regulated gene

expressiondual response regulators (NarL and

NarP) interaction with dual sen-

sors (NarX and NarQ), 3259NarL and NarP interaction with NarX

and NarQ, 3259OmpF assembly mutants

isolation, characterization, and sup-pressor analysis, 5049

panF genepantothenate transport, 7178

pantothenate transportpanF gene, 7178

prmA generibosomal protein methylation, 7178

pyrBI operonpromoter P2 is the physiologically sig-

nificant promoter, 2363Rac prophagerecE gene C-terminal region, 7673recT gene, 7673

rfa-2 (rfaC) genelipopolysaccharide inner core synthe-

sis, 2534Rhs elements

shared and unique components withdifferent evolutionary histories,2799

ribosomal protein methylationprnA gene, 7178

RNA polymerase alpha subunitmutations affecting regulation of porin

gene transcription, 5460tktB gene

second transketolase, 5375transketolase, second

tktB gene, 5375type 1 fimbrial phase variation

environmental control, 6186fim switch, 6186

W3110 and MG1655 "wild types"pyrimidine starvation due to low pyrE

expression levels, 3401rph frameshift mutation, 3401

Escherichia coli 09:K30K30 (group I) capsule formation

lipopolysaccharide lipid A-core, norequirement for attachment to,7515

Escherichia coli 09:K30:H12capsular polysaccharides, group 1

rcs regulatory system role in expres-sion, 5384

rcsB and rcsCgroup 1 capsular polysaccharides, role

in expression of, 5384Escherichia and Salmonella strains, sev-

eralcomparison of lipids A by "2Cf plasma

desorption mass spectrometry, 2988esgM. xanthus

cell-cell signaling, genetic locus in-volved in, 7762

etrAS. putrefaciens MR-1

anaerobic respiration, regulation of,7938

fnr analog, 7938Eubacteriaphotopigment biosynthesis

minireview, 3919Eubactenum oxidoreducens

3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate degradation,669

Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708baiH geneNADH:flavin oxidoreductase, bile

acid inducible, 3002Eucaryotic ribonucleases, family ofA. hydrophila periplasmic, broad-speci-

ficity ribonuclease, relatedness to,3710

exe genesA. hydrophila

extracellular protein secretion andouter membrane assembly, 6695

Exotoxin AP. aeruginosa

extracellular secretion pathway, peri-plasmic intermediate in, 7463

Extracellular protein productionM. xanthus

mutations, 4239Extracellular protein secretion and outer

membrane assemblyA. hydrophila

exe genes, 6695Extradiol catecholic dioxygenase, new

B. maceransprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, 4414

FoF1 ATPase catalytic subunitS. typhimurium FliI, relation to, 3131

F1Fo ATP synthasea subunit mutagenesis, 1337E. coli, 1337

F factorE. colitraYgene product characterization

and binding sites, 2221F pilin

acetylationtraX, 1375

E. coli, 1375, 1384synthesis, 1384

Fatty acid desaturationcyanobacterial thylakoid membranes,

544Fatty acids

Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1cis-trans isomerization, 916

femA locus, inactivatedS. aureus

altered muropeptide composition, 2779femB gene

S. aureus, 1612Ferredoxin NADP' reductase

E. coli, 1590Ferric enterobactin receptor gene pfeA

P. aeruginosa, 317Ferripyoverdine receptor gene

P. aeruginosafpvA, 4597

FerritinH. pylon, 966

FerrochetalaseE. coli

visA gene, 2154Ferrous iron uptake system

E. coli, 6212FhuA outer membrane receptor

E. coli, 826FhuA protein

E. colimicrocin 25 uptake, 7741

J. BA=rRIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxix

Fibrobacter succinogenesglycanase and cellobiase, locations ofmembrane and glycogen granule, 6810

outer and cytoplasmic membranesseparation, 6810

Fibrobacter succinogenes S85xylanase with two similar catalytic do-

mainsxynC gene, 7666

xynC genexylanase with two similar catalytic

domains, 7666Fibronectin binding

fimbriae, 12S. enteritidis, 12

Filamentous phagepIV

structure and subcellular location,3998

Filamentous strainsSynechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942

isolation by insertional inactivation ofgenes, 7644

fim switchE. coli K-12

environmental control, 6186type 1 fimbrial phase variation, 6186

FimbriaeE. coli, enteropathogenic, 7391fibronectin binding, 12P. mirabilis, 457S. enteritidis, 12

Fimbriae, type 1E. coli

inversion-independent phase variation,4335

Fimbrial genesS. ententidissefABC, 2523

Fimbrial operon CFA/IE. coli

differential decay of RNA, 7976Fimbrial phase variation

E. coli, 27Lrp, 27

FisE. coli, 1580rrnB P1 activation, 1580

FIS proteinE. coli

bacteriophage Mu lysogeny, mainte-nance of, 3798

fixK and nifA genesR meliloti

oxygen-regulated in vitro transcrip-tion, 6867

FixLmembrane protein, 1103R. meliloti, 1103

flaA geneB. bronchisepticaBvgAS virulence control system, regu-

lation by, 3468flaB

H. pyloni and H. mustelae, 3278Flagella

E. coliadverse conditions causing lack of,

2229mechanism causing lack of, 2236

Flagellar antigen complexSalmonella spp.g.11, 5359

Flagellar basal bodygene to ultrastructure

minireview, 2169Flagellar motor and propeller

V. parahaemolyticus swarmer cellgenes encoding components, 3361

Flagellar motor, unidirectionalR. sphaeroides WS8

clockwise or counterclockwise rota-tion, 6041

Flagellar proteinS. typhimurium

FliI, 3131Flagellar protein, periplasmic

S. (T.) hyodysenteriae, 8000Flagellar regulatory gene flgM

S. typhimuriumcontrol of expression, 7006

Flagellar rotation, change in direction ofE. coli

acetate kinase mediated, 3236Flagellin gene

B. bronchisepticaBvgAS virulence control system, regu-

lation by, 3468Flagellin genes

C. coli and C jejunidistribution and polymorphism, 3051

conversion, 758H. pylori and H. mustelae

flaA- and flaB-negative H. pylon mu-tants, 3278

flaB, 3278Salmonella serovars, 758

Flagellin sequencesE. coli

serologically distinct filaments withshared complex surface pattern,5395

Flagellins, a- and b-typeP. aeruginosa

tyrosine phosphate, 2458flaN

C. crescentus, 2067Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723

glutathione S-transferase genereductive dechlorination, involvement

in, 2640pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase

gene, 411Flavodoxin, nif-specific

R. capsulatuspurification and properties, 6775

flbGC crescentus, 2067

flgM flagellar regulatory geneS. typhimunum

control of expression, 7006fliF operon

C. crescentus, 367cell cycle regulation, 367

fiG mutationsS. typhimurium, 802

FliIS. typhimurium

catalytic subunit of the FoF1 ATPase,relation to, 3131

flagellar protein, 3131virulence proteins of mammalian and

plant pathogens, relation to, 3131fliN mutations

S. typhimunum, 802

fint geneE. coli, 993

fnrE. coli

S. putrefaciens MR-1 etrA, 7938fnr-like gene, mutagenesis of

P. stutzeridenitrification, escape of anaerobic

control of, 7236FNR-like transcriptional regulator

B. pertussisbtr gene, 7228

foL4 null derivativesE. coli, 909

Folate biosynthetic pathwayS. pneumoniae

bifunctional protein with dihydroneop-terin aldolase and hydroxymeth-yldihydropterin pyrophosphoki-nase activities, 2214

Folates, modifiedT. litoralis

structures of, 3661folP gene

E. coliphysical map, 7743

Formate dehydrogenaseN. crassa

developmental regulation, 3703Formate dehydrogenase, solubleA. eutrophus

molybdoenzyme, 4719fpvA

P. aeruginosaferripyoverdine receptor gene, 4597

Frameshifting modulated by translationinitiation

E. coli trpR gene, 3204Frankia alni CpIl

glutamine synthetases I and IIclose linkage of genes, 3679

Freeze-fracture planesmethanogen membranes

tetraether lipid content, 1191Fremyella diplosiphon

light-regulated promoterfootprinting, 1806

Fremyella diplosiphon UTEX 481Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7524 plasmid

sharing of replication origin, 5701plasmid replication originNostoc sp. strain PCC 7524 plasmid,

5701Fructanase

B. fragilismolecular characterization, 3058

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase gene,class I

S. aureuscloning, sequencing, and characteriza-

tion, 7495Fructosyltransferase, cell-bound

S. salivariuscarboxyl terminus specifies attachment

in S. gordonii model system, 4520Fruiting body developmentM. xanthusdevRS, 7450

FrzCDM. xanthus

methyl-accepting taxis protein, 4936modulated methylation during fruiting

body formation, 4936

VOL. 174, 1992

XXX SUBJECT INDEX

ftr4 elementC. crescentus, 367

ftsA12(Ts)E. coliftsN essential cell division gene, 3790

FtsH proteinE. coli, 1344, 1352

ftsNE. coli

essential cell division gene, 3790ftsAl2(Ts), multicopy suppressor of,

3790ftsZ

E. colicell division, 2788

FtsZ overexpressionE. coli

relief of cell division inhibition causedby penicillin-binding protein 2 in-activation, 6704

FtsZ ringE. coli, 1118SulA and MinCD, 1118

ftsZ-ftsAE. coli

cell division, inhibition of, 7097fur gene

P. aeruginosasiderophore and exotoxin A produc-

tion, coordinate regulation of,2589

V. vulnificus, 706Fusobacterium nucleatum

localization, 840

g.11 flagellar antigen complexSalmonella spp.

molecular analyses, 5359Gal repressor and isorepressor

E. coli, 251transcription, 251

P-Galactoside transportgram-positive bacterium

E. coli lactose permease, catalysis by,7488

Galacturonic acid uptakeE. chrysanthemi EC16, 4263

galPIcomplex operator, 1213Streptomyces spp., 1213

gap-pgk operonZ. mobilis

segmental stabilization of transcripts,2327

gap-pgk-tpi-ppc gene clusterC. glutamicum, 3905

gcd geneE. coli, 568

GcvA proteinE. coli

glycine cleavage enzyme system, rolein, 5129

gdh operonK aerogenesnac gene product, repression by, 2116

GDP-mannose biosynthesis genesE. coli 07:K1 strain, 148

Gene amplificationC. glutamicum, 1001

Gene inactivationL. lactis

branched-chain amino acid biosynthe-

sis, 4383histidine biosynthesis, 4391

Gene replacementL. helveticus, 6341

Genetic maps, comparison ofL. interroganstwo chromosomes and intraspecies

heterogeneity, 5445Genome map

C. jejuni TGH9011three rRNA operons, fine mapping of,

7468T. thermophilus, 103

Genome surveyrandom sequencingM. genitalium, 7918

Genomic cleavage mapS. typhimurium

IS200, 7624Genomic cleavage map (XbaI, BlnI, and

CeuI)S. typhimurium, 4104

GentamicinP. aeruginosa, surface action on, 5798

glmU geneE. coli

N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphateuridyltransferase, 6150

glnA expressionSynechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942

initiation from single nif-like promoterunder various nitrogen conditions,7727

glnA geneA. quadruplicatum, 604ammonium assimilation, 604

glnBE. coli

purine repressor, regulation by, 3598glnB region of chromosome

E. coli, 7441glnB-glnA clusterA. brasiliense

functional organization, 2507glnG gene

E. coli, 190insertions and deletions, 190

glnRA operonaltered regulation, 892B. subtilis, 892

Global gene regulationE. coli, 2037

glpT and glpD mutationsE. coli, 74phoA expression, 74

gltBDF operonE. coli

leucine-responsive regulatory protein,regulation by, 7160

gltP geneE. coli

physical map, 573513-Glucan assemblySKNV7 multicopy suppressor of mutation

S. cerevisiae, 69081,3-p-Glucanase, sporulation specific

S. cerevisiaeSSG1, 3823

GlucokinaseS. cerevisiae

functional studies, 3289

Gluconeogenesis, new branch inM. thermoautotrophicum AH

cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate compo-nent, 4087

Gluconeogenic growthE. colipps and pck, control by, 6939

Glucose catabolismS. cerevisiae

glutamine synthesis is a regulatorysignal, 7705

Glucose transport protein, putative highaffinity

S. cerevisiaeHxt2, 7689

Glucose transport systemsB. licheniformis, 2137

Glucose uptake and catabolite repressionS. cerevisiaeHTR1 mutants, dominant, 5520

D-Glutamate geneticsE. coli, 111

Glutamate racemase activityE. colimurI gene, 2970

Glutamate synthase (GOGAT) structuralgene

A. brasilense, N8024Glutamine amidotransferase, bifunctional

S. cerevisiaeHIS7, 5548

Glutamine synthetase I genearchael and bacterial sequencesanomalous inferred phylogenies, 2961

P. woeseianomalous inferred phylogenies, 2961

Glutamine synthetases I and IIF. alni Cpll

close linkage of genes, 3679y-Glutamyl peptide, exogenous

E. coli K-12y-glutamyltranspeptidase, 6038use as amino acid source, 6038

y-GlutamyltranspeptidaseE. coli K-12

use of exogenous y-glutamyl peptideas amino acid source, 6038

Glutathione S-transferase geneFlavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723

reductive dechlorination, involvementin, 2640

Glycanase and cellobiase, locations ofF. succinogenesmembrane and glycogen granule, 6810

Glycerol kinaseE. coli, 1087interaction with glycerol facilitator, 1087

Glycerol metabolismE. faecalis

glycerol kinase phosphorylation, regu-lation by, 3730

phosphotransferase system, 3730Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesteraseH. influenzae

protein D, 4569Glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase

E. colievidence for a novel one, 3591

Glycine betaineL. lactis

uptake systems, 5438

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxxi

Glycine cleavage enzyme systemE. coli, 902GcvA and PurR proteins, roles of,

5129positive regulation, 902

Glycopeptide resistanceE. faecium

Tn1546, 117Glycoporin function

E. coli, 1475LamB derepression, 1475

Glycoprotein structureC. thennohydrosulfuricum, 1250

Glycosyl transferases, family ofR. meliloti

succinoglycan synthesis, 7033Glyoxylate bypass operon

E. colirelative expression of products, 4572

GOGAT structural geneA. brasilense, N8024

Gonococcal transferrin-binding protein 1E. coli, expression byhuman transferrin, binding to, 2448

GPI-anchored proteinmorphogenesis, 1879S. cerevisiae, 1879

GPR processingB. subtilis

spore germination, 2568Gram-negative bacteriaDnaK (HSP70) epitope, 6433

Gram-positive bacteriahigh-efficiency gene inactivation and re-

placement system, 3628groEL mutations

E. coli, 1134groESL genes

C. vinosum, 1514groESL operonA. tumefaciens

hairpin-loop structure, 3083heat shock transcription, 3083

B. stearothermophiluscloning, sequencing, and transcrip-

tional analysis, 2465Group 1 capsule

E. coli 04/K54/H5, 7617gtaB

B. subtilisstationary-phase transcription factor

r-B, control by, 3964UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, 3964

5'-GTACLeptospira strains

modification of genomes at, 3913GTP cyclohydrolase I

E. coliphysical mapping, 1553

GTP cyclohydrolase II geneE. coli

riboflavin biosynthesis, 4045gutQ

E. colikpsE upstream open reading frame,

homology with, 8018gvpACN operon

Halobacterium pNRC100, 684Gyrase B gene

C. crescentusasymmetric expression from replica-

tion-competent chromosome inpredivisional cell, 6970

H pilusE. coli

assembly kinetics determined by elec-tron microscopy, 2175

H+-ATPaseC. albicans

yeast growth and germ tube forma-tion, 5566

Haemophilus influenzaeadenylate cyclase gene

cloning, sequence, and essential rolein competence, 7142

glycerophosphodiester phosphodiester-ase

protein D, 4569mutB gene

cloning and characterization, 5265protein D

glycerophosphodiester phosphodiester-ase, 4569

immunoglobulin D-binding protein,4569

reclJ genestructural organization, nucleotide se-

quence, and regulation, 7269Haemophilus influenzae type B

iron limitation, growth underouter membrane protein and lipopoly-

saccharide composition, effect ofdilution rate on, 2462

lipopolysaccharideiron limitation, growth under, 2462

outer membrane proteiniron limitation, growth under, 2462

Haemophilus species, pathogeniclipooligosaccharides

structural heterogeneity investigatedby electrospray mass spectros-copy, 2702

Hairpin-loop structureA. tumefaciens groESL operon, 3083

Halobacteriaplasmids, 1081stringency and relaxation, 6659

Halobacterium halobiumcatalase-peroxidase

unique properties, 4197plasmid pNRC100

minimal replication origin, 4584pNRC100gvpACN operon, 684

Halobacterium sp. strain SG1bacterioopsin, 2720haloopsin, 2720sensory opsin I, 2720

HaloopsinHalobacterium sp. strain SG1, 2720

Halophilic archaebacteriasuperoxide dismutase gene family, 1561superoxide dismutase proteins, 1572

Harpin secretionE. amylovora

HrpI, 7958hblA gene

B. cereusB component of hemolysin BL, 6760

hctBC. trachomatis

variant histone-like protein with DNA-binding activity, 4274

hde genesE. coli

physical map, 7747

hdhAE. coli

physical map, 5730Heat shock

B. subtilise, 1929

E. colione-carbon metabolism, 1961

Heat shock gene htpYE. coli

mutational analysis, cloning, sequenc-ing, and transcriptional regulation,2613

Heat shock genesE. coli

26 new, 5242Heat shock protein ClpB

E. coliAppppA-binding protein E89, 2321

Heat shock proteinsE. coli

DnaJ, DnaK, and GrpE, 3546P1 plasmid replication, stimulation of,

3546Heat shock response

E. colisecretory protein precursors, induc-

tion by accumulation of, 3992Helicobacter mustelaeflaB flagellin gene, 3278flagellin geneflaB, 3278

Helicobacterpylori19.6-kilodalton protein

iron binding, 557adhesin subunit protein gene, 674ferritin, 966flaA- and flaB-negative mutants

electroporation-mediated allelic ex-change, construction by, 3278

flaB flagellin gene, 3278flagellin geneflaA- and flaB-negative mutants, 3278flaB, 3278

hemA and hemT genesR. sphaeroides

5-aminolevulinic acid synthase iso-zymes, 2292

HemA and HemT mutantsR. sphaeroides

5-aminolevulinic acid availability, 2304spectral complex formation, 2304

Heme biosynthetic pathwayE. coli

ferrochetalase, 2154visA gene, 2154

hemE geneE. coli

physical map location, 7749hemF gene

S. typhimuriumoxygen-dependent coproporphyrino-

gen oxidase, 4990Hemin uptake

P. gingivalisOmp26, 7413

Hemolysin BL, B component ofB. cereus

hblA gene, 6760Heteroduplex DNA molecules with multi-

base loopsE. coli

repair, 3972

VOL. 174, 1992

xxxii SUBJECT INDEX

-y-Hexachlorocyclohexane degradationP. paucimobilis

dehalogenase gene product, 6403Hexosamine biosynthesis

B. emersoniiprotein phosphatases 2A and 2C, de-

velopmental regulation by, 5022High-efficiency gene inactivation and re-

placement systemgram-positive bacteria, 3628

High-pressure signal transductionPhotobactenum sp. strain 559

reporter gene, 7533hip gene

R. capsulatusintegration host factor homolog 13 sub-

unit, 6499HIS7

S. cerevisiaeglutamine amidotransferase, bifunc-

tional, 5548Histidine biosynthesis

L. lactisgene inactivation, 4391

Histidine transportB. subtilis

amino acid repression, 4282hut operon regulation, 4282

Histidine/histamine antiport, electrogenicL. buchnen

histidine decarboxylation, 2864proton motive force, 2864

Histone Hi-like proteinC. trachomatis, 1785DNA interaction, 1785

Histone-like proteinC. trachomatishctB, 4274

Histoplasma capsulatumtelomeric shuttle plasmid, 636

HK022 temperate bacteriophagenovel antivirulence element, 7541

hmc operonD. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Hildenbor-

oughpotential transmembrane redox protein

complex, 4699hns

acid-induced amino acid decarboxylasegene expression, 1182

E. coli, 1182S. flexnen

virB invasion regulatory gene repres-sion, 6142

Holliday intermediatesE. coli

resolution, 4325Homologous recombinationM. bovis BCGuraA locus, 7282

HrpIE. amylovora

harpin secretion, function in, 7958new protein family member, 7958

hsdK (restriction-modification) genesE. coli

delayed expression of in vivo restric-tion activity following conjugaltransfer, 4905

HSP70 (DnaK)gram-negative bacteria, epitope found in,

6433

HsplO4 and Hsp7OS. cerevisiae

functional relationship, genetic evi-dence for, 6484

htpY heat shock geneE. coli

mutational analysis, cloning, sequenc-ing, and transcriptional regulation,2613

HTRI mutants, dominantS. cerevisiae

glucose uptake and catabolite repres-sion, 5520

htrD geneE. coli, 166

htrE operonE. colipap and related pilin operons, homol-

ogy to, 5009hupT gene

R. capsulatussensor protein involved in repression

of hydrogenase synthesis, 7404hut operon

B. subtilisstationary growth phase, activation at

onset of, 4282hut operonsK aerogenesnac gene product, activation by, 2116

Hxt2S. cerevisiae

putative high-affinity glucose transportprotein, 7689

HydrogenaseA. vinelandiiH2 oxidation, 3414substitution of serine for cysteine resi-

dues in small (HoxK) subunit,3414

Hydrogenase processingB. japonicum, 295

Hydrostatic pressureE. coli

stress response to, 7170Hydroxyethylthiazole kinase

S. cerevisiaethiamine biosynthetic pathway, bifunc-

tional enzyme of, 5153hypB gene product

E. coli, 630Hyperthermophilic archaeon ES4

temperature-induced changes in proteincomposition, 2839

thermotolerance, enhanced, 2839

iap geneL. monocytogenes

cell viability, necessity for, 3491p60 gene product, bacteriolytic activ-

ity of, 3491icd gene

bacteriophage P1immI operon, 2833

Ice nuclei, high-level expression ofP. syringae

nutrient limitation and low tempera-ture, induction by, 4062

Ice nucleus assemblyP. syringae

aggregation model, 7216kinetics of appearance and disappear-

ance, 7216IcsA protein

S. flexneriATPase activity, 2189intracellular movement, 2189unipolar localization, 2189

IF3 translation initiation factor mutationsE. coli

recJ mutations, suppression of, 6118ileS operonM. thermoautotrophicum Marburg, 5945

ilvA mutationsE. coli

efficient approach to identify, 6605ilvB-ilvN-ilvC operon

C. glutamicumisoleucine synthesis, 5595

ilv-leu operonB. subtilis

regions involved in regulation by leu-cine, 7581

Image cytometryS. cerevisiae a/avolume growth of daughter and parent

cells during cell cycle, 3174immI operon

bacteriophage P1icd gene, 2833

imp operonS. coelicolorSLP1, 6767two imp-encoded proteins interact to

autoregulate imp expression, 6767IncB plasmid

replicationantisense and target RNAs, interaction

between, 2895IncFII plasmid NR1repA4 region mutations

unstable inheritance, 5350replication-deficient mutants

suppression by two different mecha-nisms that increase expression ofthe repAl gene, 3161

IncHIl plasmidsR27two replicons and an incompatibility

determinant, 7697Incll plasmid R64traABCD region, 5035

IncP-type plasmidE. coliPRD1 double-stranded DNA virus

binding to receptor, 3089Inducible repair gene dinY

E. coli, 642INOI promoter

S. cerevisiaeupstream repressor sequence (URS1)

common to a diverse set of yeastgenes, 4235

Insect mycopathogenB. bassiana

evasion of host defense, 5962in vivo-produced protoplast-like cells,

5962Insertion elements

B. parapertussis, 141IS1, eighth copy

E. coli, 1552physical mapping, 1552

IS1001, 141

J. BAcrERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxxiii

Insertion sequences, commonE. coli and S. typhimurium

ancestry, 7863int expression

11, 1095rinA and rinB, 1095

Integration host factorE. coli

stationary-phase response, 7910Integration host factor homolog

R. capsulatus,B subunit, 6499hip gene, 6499

Intracellular proteinase inhibitor geneB. subtilis

major intracellular proteinase, role inregulation of, 7130

invXE. coli, enteroinvasive

virulence gene required for entry intoHEp-2 cells, 4817

ipa genesS. flexneri

entry into epithelial cells, 5899nonpolar mutagenesis, 5899

Iron limitationH. influenzae type B

effect of dilution rate on outer mem-brane protein and lipopolysaccha-ride composition, 2462

Iron transportR. meliloti, 94

Iron-binding 19.6-kilodalton proteinH. pylori, 557

Iron-regulated proteinsN. meningitidis, 811

IS200S. typhimuriumgenomic cleavage map, location on,

7624IS870A. vitis octopine/cucumopine Ti plas-

midslarge ORF1 stop codon, 5'-CTAG-3'

target sequence for, 3151Isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes, genes

encodingVibrio sp. strain ABE-1, 6873

Isocitrate lyaseE. coli

site-directed mutagenesis, 2263Isoleucine synthesis

C. glutamicumilvB-ilvN-ilvC operon, 5595

IucD proteinE. coli, 589recombinant cytoplasmic forms, 589

IwtS. lividans

excisive recombination of the SLP1element, 3075

KlF bacteriophagetail gene encoding endo-N-acyl-

neuraminidasecomparison to homolog in PK1E, 4354

K5 antigen gene clusterE. coli

capsular polysaccharide, cell surfaceexpression of, 5978

region 1, 5978capsular K5 polysaccharide expres-

sion, 5984region 1 mutants, 5984

K30 (group I) capsule formationE. coli 09:K30

lipopolysaccharide lipid A-core, norequirement for attachment to,7515

K+ uptake proteinE. coliKup, 6925

KatFE. coli

carbon starvation, posttranscriptionalregulation during, 2143

or factor, putative, 2143KatF (es) synthesis

E. coliposttranscriptional regulation, 2150

katG geneM. tuberculosis

catalase-peroxidase required for iso-niazid susceptibility, 4255

kdp operon expressionE. coli

evidence against turgor as signal fortranscriptional control, 4528

a-Ketoglutarate permeaseE. coli, 565membrane topology model, 565

Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferaseE. coli

overexpression of, 2125panB gene, 2125

kilBRK2 promiscuous plasmid

structure, function, and regulation,2423

kilE locusRK2 promiscuous plasmid

kil-kor regulon, 5078two operons constituting, 5078

kil-kor regulonRK2 promiscuous plasmid

kilE locus, two operons constituting,5078

Kinase regulationCheA, 2097E. coli, 2097

Klebsiella aerogenesgdh operon

nac gene product, repression by, 2116hut operonsnac gene product, activation by, 2116

moaR genemonoamine regulon, positive regulator

of, 6287nac gene

nitrogen assimilation control, 2107nac gene productgdh operon repression of, 2116hut operons, activation of, 2116

Klebsiella pneumoniaeNifL

signal transduction protein for biologi-cal nitrogen fixation, 7683

nifY productapodinitrogenase, association with,

4907dissociation from apodinitrogenase

upon activation with the iron-mo-lybdenum cofactor, 4907

Klebsiella pneumoniae M5alnasA and nasB genes

assimilatory nitrate and nitrite reduc-tases, 2370

Klebsiella terrigena2,3-butanediol operon, 1392

KorB proteinS. lividans plasmid pIJ101

differential binding to the two promot-ers it regulates, 6996

kpsEE. coli

cloning, sequencing, expression, andcomplementation, 8018

upstream open reading frame with ho-mology to gutQ, 8018

Kup K' uptake proteinE. coli

hydrophobic core linked to a large andpartially essential hydrophilic Cterminus, 6925

L-A double-stranded RNA virusmajor coat protein (gag)

S. cerevisiae MAK3 N-acetyltrans-ferase, recognition by, 3192

lac operonL. lactis

induction of cryptic phospho-3-glu-cosidase in LacG-deficient strains,5168

integration and gene replacement,5168

Lactate dehydrogenaseL. lactis

novel operon encoding, 2541D-Lactate dehydrogenaseN. meningitidis

purification and cloning, 6382L-Lactate utilization

E. colilct genes, three overlapping, 6671

Lactic acid synthesisL. lactis

novel operon encoding phosphofruc-tokinase, pyruvate kinase, andlactate dehydrogenase, 2541

Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356S-layer protein

purification, expression in E. coli, andnucleotide sequence of the corre-sponding gene, 6089

Lactobacillus buchnerihistidine decarboxylation

proton motive force, 2864histidine/histamine antiport, electrogenic

proton motive force, 2864Lactobacillus bulgancus

phosphofructokinase geneE. coli, expression in, 5344

Lactobacillus caseivalS genevalyl-tRNA synthetase, 2475

valyl-tRNA synthetasevalS gene, 2475

Lactobacillus helveticusgene replacement, 6341

Lactobacillus plantarumbiotin auxotroph

biotin biosynthesis, 7702Lactococci

endopeptidase gene, 2087

VOL. 174, 1992

xxxiv SUBJECT INDEX

Lactococcus lactisbranched-chain amino acid biosynthesis

gene inactivation, 4383di-tripeptide uptake, 2052dnaJ gene, 1637gene inactivation

branched-chain amino acid biosynthe-sis, 4383

histidine biosynthesis, 4391glycine betaine

uptake systems, characteristics andosmoregulatory roles of, 5438

histidine biosynthesisgene inactivation, 4391

lac operonintegration and gene replacement,

5168LacG-deficient strains

induction of cryptic phospho-,B-glu-cosidase, 5168

lactic acid synthesisnovel operon encoding phosphofruc-

tokinase, pyruvate kinase, andlactate dehydrogenase, 2541

nisin A operonnisP, encoding a subtilisin-like serine

protease, 2578nisR, encoding a regulatory protein

involved in nisin biosynthesis,2578

oligopeptide transport systemgenetic and biochemical characteriza-

tion, 7523oligopeptide uptake, 2052proline

uptake systems, characteristics andosmoregulatory roles of, 5438

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactispIP501

efficient plasmid mobilization, 5806Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis C2

phage infectionchromosomal gene required for, 518

Lactococcus strainspCI528 bacteriophage resistance plasmid

conjugative mobilization, 6002Lactose permease

E. colicatalysis of 3-galactoside transport in

a gram-positive bacterium, 7488Lactose permease mutants

E. coli(malto-)oligosaccharides, transport of,

6269lacUV5 promoter

E. colitype 1 piliation, induction of, 2770

lamB genecombinatorial mutagenesis, 858E. coli, 858

LamB proteinE. coli, 1475glycoporin function, 1475

LamB trimers, assembly ofE. coli outer membrane

signal sequence processing, require-ment of, 3327

Gam proteinE. coli RecBCD enzyme, interaction

with, 4738OR region, cryptic promoter in, 5648S and R dysfunction for host cell lysis

(X174 E gene, complementation by,3909

sieB (superinfection exclusion) gene,4712

X cItranslation

resistance to antibiotics that inhibittranslation initiation, 7471

XO proteinE. coli

degradation, energy dependent, 7720Lambdoid phageDNA packaging

sites and gene products involved, 2393lasBI mutants

P. aeruginosaelastase, defective, 4008

lcrD mutationsY pestis

multiple effects, 3536LcrF activator proteinY pestis

thermal regulation, 7901LcrGY pestis

low-calcium response, negative regula-tion of, 3520

Ict genes, three overlappingE. coli

L-lactate utilization, 6671Legionella pneumophila

aconitasehomology with human iron-responsive

element-binding protein, 5666major iron-containing protein, 5666

major iron-containing proteinaconitase, 5666homology with human iron-responsive

element-binding protein, 5666Lender peptidase, prokaryotic

catalytic activityserine-lysine catalytic dyad, depen-

dence on operation of, 4957Leptospira interrogans

genetic maps, comparison oftwo chromosomes and intraspecies

heterogeneity, 5445Leptospira spp.

categorization, 973Leptospira spp., pathogenicOmpLl genetransmembrane outer membrane pro-

tein, 4225Leptospira strains5'-GTAC, modification of genomes at,

3913Leptothrix discophora SP-6

sheathrole of disulfide bonds in maintaining

structural integrity, 7819ultrastructure and chemical composi-

tion, 7808Leucine aminopeptidase gene pepAR. prowazekii, 159

Leucine-responsive regulatory proteinE. coligltBDF operon, 7160

Leuconostoc oenoserythritol formationpathway and regulation, 3941

leuU geneE. coli

physical map, 7743

lexA(Def) backgroundE. coli, 642inducible repair gene dinY, 642

LexA cleavageminireview, 4943

lexA geneE. coli

physical map, 5728Light-dependent proton translocation

bacteriorhodopsinminireview, 1555

Light-harvesting complex, cyanobacterialenvironmental effects

minireview, 575Light-independent protochlorophyllide re-

ductasebacteria and plants, 2414

Light-regulated promoterF. diplosiphon, 1806footprinting, 1806

Lignin peroxidasesP. chrysosporium

spatial and temporal accumulation ofmRNAs, 3672

Linear plasmidS. clavuligerus, 37

Linoleic acidE. coli

late stationary phase, production dur-ing, 5324

Lipase geneX. luminescens

phase variation, 1665Lipid A-core

E. coli 09:K30capsule formation, 7515

Lipids ASalmonella and Escherichia strains, sev-

eralcomparison by 252Cf plasma desorp-

tion mass spectrometry, 2988Lipoic acid metabolism

E. coli, 1325LipooligosaccharideN. meningitidis serogroup B strain 6275

neuraminic acid, a2--3 linkage of,4565

Lipopeptide biosurfactant, newArthrobacter sp. strain MIS38, 6459

LipopolysaccharideEnterobacteriaceae

7-substituted sialic acid, 1508P. aeruginosaO side chain synthesis, 1605O side chains and common antigens

on same molecule, 5117phosphomannomutase, 1605

Lipopolysaccharide host range and biosyn-thesis

X. campestrisopsX locus, 5839

Lipopolysaccharide inner core synthesisE. coli

rfa2 (rfaC) gene, 2534Lipopolysaccharide productionX. campestris pv. campestris

3.9-kb DNA region encoding enzymesfor dTDP-rhamnose synthesis,7786

Listeria monocytogenesiap gene

cell viability, necessity for, 3491p60 gene product, bacteriolytic activ-

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxxv

ity of, 3491membrane permeabilization

mesentericin Y105, 3232mesentericin Y105membrane permeabilization, 3232

p60bacteriolytic activity, 3491

phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phospho-transferase system

fructose-i-phosphate forming, 2758phospholipase C, nonspecific

activity on phospholipids in micellesand membranes, 4298

phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol(PI)-specific

glycosyl-PI-anchored proteins, lowactivity on, 8014

lon geneM. xanthus

vegetative growth, indispensabilityfor, 2271

lonD geneM. xanthushomology to lon gene encoding ATP-

dependent protease, 4545need for development, 4545

Low-affinity penicillin-binding protein3r_encoding gene

E. hirae S185modular design and structural organi-

zation of the protein, 2844Low-calcium responseY pestisLcrG secreted protein involved in neg-

ative regulation, 3520Lrp

E. coli, 27P. putida bkdR gene, relation to pro-

tein encoded by, 3934stationary-phase response, 7910

fimbrial phase variation, 27Lrp mutants

E. coli, 1110Luminescence

V. harveyiautoinducer, biosynthesis and stereo-

chemistry of, 3856LuxR luminescence gene activator

V. fischerimembrane-associated protein, 7307

Lyme disease spirochetesospC gene, 926

lysA geneB. lactofennentum

arginyl-tRNA synthetase gene in up-stream region, 7356

LysR family memberA. tumefaciens

chvE chromosomal virulence gene,regulation of, 7880

lytB geneE. coli, 1203

maf geneB. subtilis

amplification resulting in arrested sep-tum formation, 3139

Magnetospirillum strains16S rDNA sequences, phylogenetic anal-

ysis ofevolutionary relationships, 6689

evolutionary relationships

16S rDNA sequences, phylogeneticanalysis of, 6689

Major iron-containing proteinL. pneumophila

aconitase, 5666homology with human iron-responsive

element-binding protein, 5666MAK3 N-acetyltransferase

S. cerevisiaeL-A double-stranded RNA virus major

coat protein recognition, 3192Mal

E. coliABC proteins, 6546

Maleylacetate reductaseA. eutrophus JMP134(pJP4)

purification and characterization, 6745Pseudomonas sp. strain B13

chloroaromatics, degradation of, 6075Maltose and maltotriose

E. coliglucose and glucose-i-phosphate,

endogenous formation from, 5655maltose system, formation indepen-

dently of, 5655Maltose-binding protein

E. coliprUA suppression of defective export

in secB mutants, 4036SecB-dependent and SecA-dependent

export, regions influencing, 6988Malyl coenzyme A lyaseM. extorquens

serine pathway, 3776Mammalian signal recognition particle, 54-

kDa subunitB. subtilis homolog, 4885

Manganese oxidationBacillus sp. strain SG-1

chromosomal loci, 7594Manganese superoxide dismutase

E. coli, 1687multiple transcription regulators, 1687P. aeruginosa

increased activity in alginate-produc-ing bacteria, 7658

sodA and sodB genes, 7658Manganous ion acquisitionmutans group streptococci, 819

Mannityl opine catabolism genesA. tumefaciens, 401

mar locusE. coli, 1484

mar operonE. coli

salicylate induction of antibiotic resis-tance, 7856

MarA positive regulatorE. coli

multiple antibiotic resistance conferredby overexpression, 2888

mar-independent pathwayE. coli

salicylate induction of antibiotic resis-tance, 7856

Marine manganese-oxidizing bacteriumBacillus sp. strain SG-1

chromosomal loci involved in manga-nese oxidation, 7594

Mating aggregate formationE. faecalis

genes affecting expression of bindingsubstance, 7421

mbeCColElAp

induction of transcription by conjuga-tive plasmids from 12 incompati-bility groups, 6982

MelaninC. neoformans

antioxidant function, 7102Melanin biosynthesisA. altemata filamentous fungus

gene cluster, 4427Melanin productionR. meliloti GR4pRmeGR4b nonsymbiotic plasmid,

5403melC operon

S. antibioticus, 1847Membrane ATPaseM. thermophila, 80

Membrane DNA anchoringE. coli, 1645

Membrane protein topologyalkaline phosphate fusions, minimum

number, 553Membrane-associated ATPaseM. voltae, 5677

Membrane-associated nuclease activitiesmycoplasmas, 7842

Menaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthesisE. colimenC gene, 4917

menC geneE. coli

menaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthe-sis, 4917

mepA tyrosinase geneR. meliloti GR4

melanin production, 5403Mesentericin Y105membrane permeabilization

L. monocytogenes, 3232mitochondria, 3232

meta-cleavage pathway enzymesPseudomonas sp. strain CF600, 377

Metalloprotease, extracellularS. epidermidis

elastase activity, 4218Metalloprotease transporter

S. marcescensprotease SM secretion in E. coli, 7321two components, 7321

MetalloregulationB. subtilis

two genes differentially repressed bymetal ions, 5428

metFS. typhimuriumMetR protein, regulation by, 5862

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicumAH

cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerategluconeogenesis, component of new

branch in, 4087gluconeogenesis, new branch in

cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate compo-nent, 4087

methyl viologen hydrogenase IInew member of hydrogenase family,

5970methylcoenzyme M reductase systemcomponent A2, 3195

VOL. 174,- 1992

xxxvi SUBJECT INDEX

Methanobactenum thermoautotrophicumMarburg

ileS operon, transcription of, 5945Methanococcus vannielii

purine metabolism, 5754Methanococcus voltae

membrane-associated ATPase, 5677Methanogen membranes

freeze-fracture planestetraether lipid content, 1191

Methanol oxidation genesMethylomonas sp. strain A4, 3767

Methanol:2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acidmethyltransferase

activation protein, 1278M. barkeri, 1278

Methanol:N,N'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoanilineoxidoreductase

A. methanolica, 1814M. gastri, 1814

Methanosarcina barkericorrinoid proteins, two novel

acetate-grown cells, 4824methanol:2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid

methyltransferaseactivation protein, 1278

Methanosarcina mazeidisaggregataseimmunochemistry and localization,

3115Methanosarcina thermophila

acetate kinase genecloning, sequence analysis, and hyper-

expression, 6822phosphotransacetylase gene

cloning, sequence analysis, and hyper-expression, 6822

Methanospirillum hungateicell envelopecombined microscopy techniques,

1946Methanospirillum hungatei GP1

cell wallS layer, characterization as, 7550

S layercell wall, 7550

Methanothriux thermophilamembrane ATPase, 80

Methionine genes, scatteredE. coli

physical mapping, 3689Methionine-mediated lethality

S. cerevisiaeelevated temperature, 5469

Methionyl-tRNAret formyltransferaseE. coli

peptide deformylase, encoded on sameoperon as, 7737

Methoxylated fatty acidsRhizobium isolates

acid-catalyzed transesterification pro-cedures, 4922

5-MethycytosinesE. coli

high frequency of C-to-T mutations at,4985

Methyl viologen hydrogenase IIM. thernoautotrophicum AHnew member of hydrogenase family,

5970Methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteinswide distribution among species, 133

3-Methyladenine DNA glycosylase, induc-ible

B. subtilisalkA gene, 6010

Methylamine dehydrogenaseT. versutus

large subunit, gene coding for, 6254Methylamine oxidase, copper/topa qui-

none-containingArthrobacter strain P1

structural gene for, 5617Methylcoenzyme M reductase systemM. thermoautotrophicum AHcomponent A2, 3195

Methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase geneS. cinnamonensis

cloning, sequencing, and expression,3511

Methylobacterium extorquens AM1malyl coenzyme A lyase, 3776phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, 3776serine pathway enzymes

malyl coenzyme A lyase, 3776phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase,

3776Methylomonas sp. strain A4

methanol oxidation genes, 3767Methylotrophic yeast

C. boidinjiautonomously replicating plasmids

which are also functional in S.cerevisiae, 3556

high-frequency transformation, 35562-Methylthio-cis-ribozeatin synthesis, hy-

droxylase involved inS. typhimuriummiaE gene, 7776

MetR proteinS. typhimuriummetF gene, regulation of, 5862

miaE geneS. typhimurium

2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin synthesis,hydroxylase involved in, 7776

micFcontrol by soxRS, 1026E. coli, 1026

Microcin 25 uptakeE. coliFhuA protein, 7741

Microcin H47 antibiotic system, 5420Minireview

acetyl phosphateE. coli, global regulator in, 2793

autogenous regulation, 307cell-bag of enzymes or network of

channels?, 6377color sensing in the Archaea, 7755endotoxins, bacterial

lipids that activate eucaryotic sigualtransduction, 5745

eubacteria, photopigment biosynthesisin, 3919

flagellar basal bodygene to ultrastructure, 2169

LexA cleavage and other self-processingreactions, 4943

light-dependent proton translocationbacteriorhodopsin, 1555

light-harvesting complexcyanobacteria, 575environmental effects, 575

mycobacterial pathogens

molecular genetics, 1nitrogenase metalloclusters, 6737oral bacterial adherence, 3247peptidyl transferase, 5297photopigment biosynthesis in eubacteria,

3919polarized cells, polar actions, 7125prokaryotic enhancer-binding proteins

eukaryote-like modularity, reflectionof, 4267

nitrogen regulatory protein C, 4267promiscuous exoribonucleases of E. coli,

4577protein-protein communication within

the transcription apparatus, 2483(J54 bacterial enhancer-binding protein

familymechanism of action, 6067phylogenetic relationship of functional

domains, 6067transcription-repair coupling and muta-

tion frequency decline, 7509Mip-like protein

C. trachomatislipoprotein, 3669

Mitochondriamembrane permeabilization

mesentericin Y105, 3232mesentericin Y105membrane permeabilization, 3232

Mitochondrial RNA turnoverS. cerevisiae

nucleoside triphosphate-regulated, 3'exonucleolytic mechanism, 6245

moaR geneK aerogenesmonoamine regulon positive regulator,

6287"Mobilization cassette"

B. fragilisTn4399 transposon, 5814

Molybdenum transport systemR. capsulatus genes, 3031

Molybdenum-pterin-binding proteins, puta-tive

R. capsulatus genes, 3031MolybdoenzymeA. eutrophus

formate dehydrogenase, soluble, 4719Monoamine regulon positive regulatorK aerogenesmoaR gene product, 6287

Mor proteinbacteriophage Mu

a70 required to activate Mu middlepromoter, 5314

Morganella spp.a-keto acidsamino acid deaminases, production

by, 2727novel siderophores, 2727

mos locusR. meliloti

rhizopine, 5193Mosquito larvicidal crystal protein geneB. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis

cryIVA, 2750Mosquitocidal toxin

B. sphaericus, 510B. sphaericus SSII-1

27- and 70-kilodalton polypeptides,possible roles of, 2314

cytotoxicity and ADP-ribosylating ac-

J. BACrERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxxvii

tivity, 2314host range determinants, 510

Motility, maximumE. coli

post-exponential growth, 6238mre locus

E. coliams-1 and rne-3071 temperature-sensi-

tive mutations, substitutionscaused by, 4245

mRNA decayE. coli, 229, 1043

MR/P fimbrial geneP. mirabilis, 457

MsmE proteinS. mutans, 1853

Mu bacteriophageMor jrotein

cr required to activate Mu middlepromoter, 5314

a70Mor protein requirement to activate

Mu middle promoter, 5314Multidrug resistance plasmidsumu-complementing genes, isolation of,

5411Multiple antibiotic resistance

E. coliMarA overexpression, 2888

P. aeruginosaefflux operon, evidence for involve-

ment of, 7363Mu-mediated DNA rearrangements

E. coliClp protease, role of, 2625

Murein sacculusE. coli, 7recycling, 7turnover, 7

murl geneE. coli

glutamate racemase activity, essentialgene encoding, 2970

phenotypic effects, 6571Muropeptides

S. aureusaltered composition in strains with

inactivatedfemA locus, 2779Mutagenic DNA repair genes

rapid method for cloning, 5411umu-complementing genes

multidrug resistance plasmids, isola-tion from, 5411

Mutans group streptococcimanganous ion acquisition, 819

Mutation frequency declineminireview, 7509transcription-repair coupling, 7509

mutB geneH. influenzae

cloning and characterization, 5265S. typhimurium, 541

mutSA. vinelandii

nucleotide sequence and mutant analy-sis, 7707

mutY-dependent mismatch repairE. coliDNA polymerase I, role of, 7732patch length of localized repair event,

7732

Mycobacterial pathogensmolecular genetics

minireview, 1Mycobacterial promoters

cloning and assessment by using a plas-mid shuttle vector, 5186

Mycobacteriophage L5integrase-mediated site-specific integra-

tion in vitro, 6836Mycobacterium avium complex

sequence-based differentiation of strains,2818

Mycobacteinum bovis BCGhomologous recombinationuraA locus, 7282

uraA locushomologous recombination, 7282

Mycobacterium gastrimethanol:N,N' -dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline

oxidoreductase, 1814Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

antigenic 34-kilodalton protein gene,4930

Mycobacterium tuberculosiscatalase-peroxidase required for iso-

niazid-susceptibilitykatG gene, 4255

isoniazid susceptibilitykatG gene, 4255

katG genecatalase-peroxidase required for iso-

niazid susceptibility, 4255Mycoplasma capricolum

replication origin, 655Mycoplasma genitaliumgenome survey by random sequencing,

7918Mycoplasma hominis

adhesion, characteristics of, 3224Mycoplasma pinrm

nucleoside salvage pathway genes, 5281Mycoplasma pneumoniae

cytadhesin P1 geneS. citri expression of epitope carried

on G fragment, 2783Mycoplasmasmembrane-associated nuclease activities,

7842Myxococcus xanthusATP-dependent protease

developmental gene transcription andintracellular signaling, 4538

cell-cell signalingesg, 7762

cohesion-dependent cell interactions,regulation of, 3636

CsgAdsp mutations, effect on cell-to-cell

transmission of, 3648development

mutations, 4239devRS

autoregulated and essential geneticlocus for fruiting body develop-ment, 7450

dsp mutationsCsgA cell-to-cell transmission, effect

on, 3648esg

cell-cell signaling, genetic locus in-volved in, 7762

extracellular protein productionmutations, 4239

fruiting body developmentdevRS, 7450

fruiting body formationFrzCD, modulated methylation of,

4936FrzCD

methyl-accepting taxis protein, 4936modulated methylation during fruiting

body formation, 4936lon gene

vegetative growth, indispensabilityfor, 2271

lonD genehomology to lon gene encoding ATP-

dependent protease, 4545need for development, 4545

nucleoside diphosphate kinaseautophosphorylation, 1176

Oar115-kilodalton membrane protein re-

quired for development, 4756sigma factor, new putative, 3335

N4 bacteriophageadsorption, cytoplasmic protein required

forNfrC, 7074

adsorption, membrane proteins requiredfor

two overlapping genes, 7081NfrC, 0, 0

nac geneK aerogenes

nitrogen assimilation control, 2107nac gene productK aerogenesgdh operon, repression of, 2116hut operons, activation of, 2116

NAD biosynthesis genesB. subtilis, 1423

nadC geneS. typhimurium, 479

NADH dehydrogenaseE. coli

genetic loci, 3013membrane bound, 3013

NADH dehydrogenase IE. coli mutants lacking

stationary phase, competitive disad-vantage in, 5642

NADH oxidaseA. xylanus EpOl

flavoprotein functional as, 7945S. hyodysenteriae

purification and characterization, 2980NADH:flavin oxidoreductase, bile acid

inducibleEubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708baiH gene, 3002

NADP-/NAD-glutamate dehydrogenaseratio

B. poitrasiicyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate,

6052Naphthalene catabolic pathway, upperPseudomonas strains

complete DNA sequence, 6890Naphthalene dioxygenase

P. putida NCIB 9816-4terminal component, subunits of, 5877

VOL. 174, 1992

xxxviii SUBJECT INDEX

Nar proteinsE. coli K-12

nitrate- and nitrite-regulated geneexpression, 3259

nasA and nasB genesK pneumoniae M5al

assimilatory nitrate and nitrite reduc-tases, 2370

NBU1Bacteroides spp.

mobilizable site-selective insertion ele-ment, 6578

NBU1 insertion elementBacteroides spp.

mobilization region, 6588ndhF geneSynechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002

interposon mutant, initial characteriza-tion of, 3343

isolation and characterization, 3343Neisseria gonorrhoeae

rho genecharacterization, 8030

sulfhydryl-containing protein, 1173Neisseria meningitidis

group Bstress protein, 3664

iron-regulated proteins, 811D-lactate and L-lactate, activation of

D-lactate dehydrogenase, 6382Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strain

6275lipooligosaccharide

neuraminic acid, a2--+3 linkage of,4565

Neisseria species, pathogeniclipooligosaccharides

structural heterogeneity investigatedby electrospray mass spectros-copy, 2702

N-end ruleE. coli

aat gene, 4364Neurospora crassa

formate dehydrogenasedevelopmental regulation, 3703

nit-3hypersensitive sites in 5' promoter

region, 6755structural gene, highly regulated, 6755

nit-6nitrate reductase, structural gene for,

2379nitrate reductase structural gene

nit-6, 2379NfrC

bacteriophage N4adsorption, cytoplasmic protein re-

quired for, 7074nifA deletion mutant

R. melilotisymbiotic nitrogen fixation, 2662unusual ntrC allele, 2662

nifA and fixK genesR. meliloti

oxygen-regulated in vitro transcrip-tion, 6867

nifBfdxNnifOQ regionA. vinelandii

nitrogenase activity, role in, 2926[NiFe] hydrogenase transcription unit,

periplasmicD. fructosovorans, 3388

NifLK pneumoniae

signal transduction protein for biologi-cal nitrogen fixation, 7683

nif-specific flavodoxinR. capsulatus

purification and properties, 6775nifYK pneumoniae

apodinitrogenase, association with,4907

dissociation from apodinitrogenaseupon activation with the iron-mo-lybdenum cofactor, 4907

Nisin A operonL. lactis

nisP and nisR, 2578Nisin biosynthesis

L. lactisnisR, 2578

nit-3N. crassa

hypersensitive sites in 5' promoterregion, 6755

structural gene, highly regulated, 6755nit-6N. crassa

nitrate reductase, structural gene for,2379

Nitrate and nitrite-regulated gene expres-sion

E. coli K-12NarL and NarP interaction with NarX

and NarQ, 3259Nitrate reductaseN. crassa

nit-6 (structural gene), 2379Nitrate reductase, periplasmicA. eutrophus H16, 5867

Nitrobacter winogradskyicytochrome c, membrane boundcytochrome aa3, alternative electron

donor for, 4400Nitrogen assimilation controlK aerogenesnac gene, 2107

Nitrogen catabolite repressionS. cerevisiae, 64

Nitrogen fixationC. tepidum, 474

Nitrogen regulator I (NtrC) regulatory do-main

E. colihighly conserved residues, alterations

of, 2692Nitrogen regulator II

E. coliautophosphorylation, mechanism of,

7024mutational analysis, 7016trans-phosphorylation between sub-

units, 7024NRI,

E. coli, 7024NtrB

E. coli, 7024Nitrogen regulatory protein C

minireview, 4267Nitrogenase

posttranslational regulation, 1358R. sphaeroides, 1358

Nitrogenase activityA. brasilense

anaerobiosis and ammonium, post-translational regulation by, 6781

A. vinelandiinifBfdxNnifOQ region, 2926

Nitrogenase, alternativeA. variabilis

characterization of genes, 6276Nitrogenase metalloclusters

minireview, 6737Nitrosomonas europaeaammonia monooxygenasecopper activation in vitro, 1971

ammonia monooxygenase gene, 2436electron transport proteins

multiple copies of genes, 2445Nitrous oxide reductase geneR. meliloti, 19

nodDmultiple copies, 438R. tropici, 438

Nonribosomal peptide synthesisfamily of proteins, 5488Y. enterocolitica high-molecular-weight

protein 2, 5488Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7524

F. diplosiphon plasmidsharing of replication origin, 5701

plasmid replication originF. diplosiphon plasmid, 5701

NR1 IncFII plasmidrepA4 region mutations

unstable inheritance, 5350NRI,

E. colinitrogen regulator II, 7024

ntcA nitrogen control genecyanobacteria, general distribution in,

5710NtrB

E. colinitrogen regulator II, 7024

ntrC allele, unusualR. meliloti

symbiotic nitrogen fixation, 2662unusual ntrC allele, 2662

NtrC regulatory domainE. coli

highly conserved residues, alterationsof, 2692

Nuclease activitiesmycoplasmas

membrane-associated, 7842Nucleoside diphosphate kinase

autophosphorylation, 1176M. xanthus, 1176

Nucleoside salvage pathway genesM. pirum, 5281

nusA-infB operonB. subtilis and E. coli, similar organiza-

tion in, 2880

0-antigen biosynthesisS. enterica

glycosyl transferases, 3408transferase genes of groups B, C2, and

El, 3408OarM. xanthus

115-kilodalton membrane protein re-quired for development, 4756

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xxxix

OccR protein and OccR-regulated pro-moter

A. tumefaciensaltered-function mutations, 7715

Ogr proteinP2 bacteriophagecarboxy terminus, truncation of, 7724

Oligopeptide transport systemL. lactis

genetic and biochemical characteriza-tion, 7523

Oligopeptide uptakeL. lactis, 2052

(Malto-)oligosaccharides, transport ofE. coli

lactose permease mutants, 6269Omp26

P. gingivalishemin-binding surface protein, 7413

ompA geneallelic diversity, 487Chlamydia spp., 487

OmpF assembly mutantsE. coli K-12

isolation, characterization, and sup-pressor analysis, 5049

OmpF proteinE. coli

antigenic and colicin receptor sites,2754

stable trimerization, regions involvedin, 2754

OmpLl geneLeptospira spp., pathogenic

transmembrane outer membrane pro-tein, 4225

OmpR2 mutant, newE. coli, 1956reversion by EnvZ mutants, 1956

OprD outer membrane porin proteinP. aeruginosa

substrate selectivity, genetic definitionof, 7793

opsX locusX campestis

extracellular polysaccharide hostrange and biosynthesis, 5839

lipopolysaccharide, host range andbiosynthesis of, 5839

OR regionbacteriophage A

cryptic promoter in, 5648Oral bacterial adherence

minireview, 3247Organelle membranes

S. cerevisiaesterol composition, 2853

onChostDNA adenine methylation, control by,

7801oriK sites

E. colirnhA mutants, initiation of DNA repli-

cation in, 7254oniR

PiDNA adenine methylation, control by,

7801oriT nicking reaction product

E. coliDNA helicase I, 2599

OsmoregulationS. cerevisiaeNaCl stress, 2205

Osmotic repressionE. coli anaerobic metabolism, 214

Osmotic upshiftE. colitwo types of behavioral responses to,

2564osmY gene

E. colistationary-phase response, 7910transcriptional regulation, 7910

ospC geneLyme disease spirochetes, 926

Outer membraneE. coliLamB trimers, assembly of, 3327

Outer membrane porin proteinP. aeruginosa

OprD, 7793substrate selectivity, genetic definition

of, 7793Outer membranes

Brucella spp.not barriers to hydrophobic per-

meants, 5273Oxidative phosphorylation, uncoupler of

2,4-dinitrophenolE. coli, adaptation of, 7105

P1 plasmidE. coli

heat shock proteins, stimulation ofreplication by, 3546

icd geneimmI operon, 2833

immI operonicd gene, 2833

oriRDNA adenine methylation, control by,

7801P2 bacteriophageCox protein

site-specific recombination, modulatorof directionality in, 7848

Ogr proteincarboxy terminus, truncation of, 7724

P7 plasmidpartition site, fine-structure analysis of,

3443P22sieB (superinfection exclusion) gene,

4712P22 bacteriophage

S. typhimuriumintegrated plasmids, transduction of,

7086P22 phage

Salmonella spp.E. coli transduction, 7115

p60L. monocytogenes

bacteriolytic activity, 3491P307RepFIB

E. coli RepA, regulatory interactionwith, 4016

pAD1 hemolysin-bacteriocin plasmidE. faecalis

traC determinant and sex pheromonebinding, 5260

panB geneE. coli

ketopantoate hydroxymethyltrans-ferase, encoding of, 2125

panF geneE. coli

pantothenate transport, 7178Pantothenate transport

E. colipanF gene, 7178

pap and related pilin operonsE. coli

htrE operon, homology to, 5009par locus

pSC101protein-DNA interactions at plasmid

replication origin, alteration of,6046

Pasteurella multocidaporin H, 266

patB productAnabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 1697ferredoxin, 1697helix-turn-helix domains, 1697

pbpB cell division geneB. subtilis

penicillin-binding protein 2B, 7604pbpE operon

B. subtilisapparent amino acid racemase, 2917penicillin-binding protein 4*, 2917

pbpFB. subtilis

putative class A high-molecular-weightpenicillin-binding protein, 4870

pCA2.4Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803Rep protein, 3981rolling circle replication, 3981

pcaIJ genesP. putida

aromatic acid degradation, 5829pCAK1 phagemid

C. acetobutylicum NCIB 6444CAK1 viruslike particle, 3838

pcaQ geneA. tumefaciens

positive regulation of phenolic catabo-lism in response to ,B-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate, 3529

pCF10 conjugative plasmidE. faecalis

sex pheromone-binding function, re-gion encoding, 5253

pCF10 conjugative plasmid, pheromoneinducible

E. faecalissurface proteins, visualization of, 6229

pchRP. aeruginosaAraC family activator, 5882pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptor

synthesis, activator of, 5882pCI528 bacteriophage resistance plasmidLactococcus strains

conjugative mobilization, 6002pcnB gene

E. coliColEl copy number maintenance, re-

quirement for, 4405dispensable, 4405

VOL. 174, 1992

xl SUBJECT INDEX

pcrA3 chromosomal mutationS. aureus

pT181-linked suppressors, 3916pem locus

E. colichpA and chpB chromosomal ho-

mologs, 6850Penicillinase repressor

B. licheniformisfunctional domains, 7383

Penicillin-binding protein 2 inactivationE. coli

cell division inhibition relieved byFtsZ overexpression, 6704

Penicillin-binding protein 2BB. subtilispbpB cell division gene, 7604

Penicillin-binding protein 4*B. subtilispbpE operon, 2917

Penicillin-binding protein 5E. hirae, 2046synthesis control, 2046

Penicillin-binding protein, putativeB. subtilispbpF, 4870

Penicillin-binding proteinsE. amylovora

avirulent mutants lacking PBP2, 6082Penicillum cyclopium

calcium-induced conidiation, 879Pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase geneFlavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723,

411pepA gene

R. prowazekii, 159pepT andpotABCD genes

E. coliphysical map, 7745

Peptide antibiotictrifolitoxingenes involved in production and re-

sistance, 3693Peptide deformylase

E. colimethionyl-tRNArMet formyltransferase,

encoded on same operon as, 7737Peptidoglycan and membrane

E. colisynthesis during division cycle, 3121

rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteriasynthesis during division cycle, 3121

S. typhimunumsynthesis during division cycle, 3121

Peptidoglycan 0 acetylationProteeae tribe, 4550

Peptidoglycan subunit assemblyE. coli, 1841

Peptidoglycan tripeptides3-lactamase induction, 1537

E. cloacae, 1537Peptidyl transferase

minireview, 5297nascent leader peptide of inducible cat

gene, inhibition by, 5309Periplasmic 3':5'-cyclic dinucleotide phos-

phodiesterase geneV. fischericpdP, 4615

Periplasmic binding protein-dependenttransport systems

E. coliABC proteins, functional exchange-

ability of, 6546Ugp and Mal, 6546

Periplasmic [NiFe] hydrogenase transcrip-tion unit

D. fmuctosovorans, 3388Periplasmic nitrate reductaseA. eutrophus H16, 5867

Pertussis toxin expressionB. pertussis

phase variant with mutation in newlocus involved in regulation, 6679

Pertussis toxin geneB. pertussisDNA topology effects on transcrip-

tional regulation, 4764pfeA gene

P. aeruginosa, 317pfl operon

Eschenchia colianaerobic pyruvate induction, require-

ment of integration host factorfor, 5769

pgmZ. mobilis

E. coli, cloning, sequencing, andexpression in, 3926

pGO1 plasmidS. aureus

trs conjugative transfer gene complex,4436

Phage infectionL. lactis subsp. lactis C2chromosomal gene required for, 518

PhagemidE. coli

allele replacements, system for gener-ating, 4260

Phanerochaete chrysosponiumconidiospores

surface properties and relevance topellet formation, 5135

lignin peroxidasesspatial and temporal accumulation of

mRNAs, 3672pellet formation

conidiospore surface properties, 5135Phaseolotoxin production

P. syingae pv. phaseolicolagenetic organization of gene cluster,

6451PhcA

P. solanacearumphenotype conversion due to sponta-

neous inactivation, 5477pheBA operon

P. putida PaW85catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, 8038phenol monooxygenase, 8038

Phenol monooxygenaseP. putida PaW85pheBA operon, 8038

Phenolic catabolismA. tumefaciens

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate, in re-sponse to, 3529

pcaQ gene, 3529PheP permease

E. colitransport activity, importance of con-

served charged residues for, 75004X174E gene

X S and R dysfunction for host cell

lysis, complementation of, 3909phoA expression

E. coli, 74glpT and glpD mutations, 74

phoB mutationE. coliA. tumefaciens chvI gene, comple-

mentation by, 6626phoH gene

E. coli, 1316PhoP-repressed gene

S. typhimuriuminvasion of epithelial cells, promotion

of, 4475Phosphate transport systemsA. johnsonii, 200

Phospho-3-glucosidase, crypticL. lactis

induction in LacG-deficient strains,5168

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylaseM. extorquens AMI

serine pathway, 3776Phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phospho-

transferase systemL. monocytogenes

fructose-i-phosphate forming, 2758Phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phospho-

transferase system locusA. brasilense

carbohydrate metabolism, global regu-lation of, 3240

Phosphofructo-1-kinase, pyrophosphatedependent

E. colifructose 1,6-bisphosphate deficiency,

complementation of, 5723phosphofructokinase deficiency, lack

of complementation of, 5723Phosphofructokinase

L. lactisnovel operon encoding, 2541

Phosphofructokinase geneL. bacillus

E. coli, expression in, 5344Phosphoglycerol transferase I gene

E. coliphysical map, 5736

Phosphoglyceromutase gene (pgm)Z. mobilis

E. coli, cloning, sequencing, andexpression in, 3926

Phosphoglycolate phosphataseA. eutrophus

cbb operons, 7329Phospholipase C, nonspecific

L. monocytogenesactivity on phospholipids in micelles

and membranes, 4298Phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol (PI)-

specificL. monocytogenes

glycosyl-PI-anchored proteins, lowactivity on, 8014

PhosphomannomutaseP. aeruginosa

lipopolysaccharide 0 side chain syn-thesis, 1605

Phosphonate degradation, fourteen-geneoperon for

E. coliTnphoA' elements, mutational analysis

using, 3430

J. BA=rRIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xli

Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide syn-

thesisE. colipurU, 7066

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotrans-ferase

B. subtilisdegA gene product, acceleration of

degradation by, 6348E. coli degradation in, 6348

Phosphotransacetylase geneM. thermophila

cloning, sequence analysis, and hyper-expression, 6822

Phosphotransferase regulatory systemA. laidlawii

protein constituents, presence of, 6599Phosphotransferase system

E. faecalisenzyme I and HPr, 3730glycerol metabolism, regulation of,

3730Photobacterium sp. strain 559

high-pressure signal transductionreporter gene, 7533

Photolithoautotrophic growthR. sphaeroides

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, absence of, 7109

Photopigment biosynthesiseubacteria

minireview, 3919Photosynthesiscytochrome c2, 358R. sphaeroides, 358

Phototaxis, negativeE. halophila

photoactive yellow protein, 3096PhoU proteinphosphate regulon, role in, 6797

phs genetic locusS. typhimurium

role for a phs product in its own in-duction, 6368

p-Hydroxybenzoate hydroxylaseA. calcoaceticuspobA structural gene, 4499

Phylogenetic analysisanaerobic thermophilic bacteria

reclassification, 4772PhylogenyLeptospira spp., 973

Physical genome mapSynechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002,

5106Physical map

E. coli92-minute region, 5728artPIQMJ genes encoding periplasmic

arginine transport system, 3687codA gene, 3685dgk gene, 5728dinF gene, 5728gltP gene, 5735hde genes, 7747hdhA, 5730hemE gene, 7749lexA gene, 5728methionine genes, scattered, 3689pepT and potABCD genes, 7745phosphoglycerol transferase I gene,

5736plsB gene, 5728

prlC (opdA) gene, 5731rffC and rifA genes, 5738tag gene, 5733tyrT region, 7751ubiCA operon, 5728

R. meliloti 1021 genome, 6945Physical mapping

B. thuringiensis, 1053S. acidocaldarius, 1532

Phytopathogenic bacteriumC. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis

NCPPB382virulence factors, plasmid encoded,

2131pI258

S. aureusarsenic efflux governed by arsenic re-

sistance determinant, 3480pIJ1l0

S. lividans plasmidKorB protein, 6996

PilBP. aeruginosa

ATP-binding site mutation, 4962pilG gene product

P. aeruginosapilus production and twitching motil-

ity, 5934Piliation, type 1

E. colilacUV5 promoter, induction by, 2770

Pilus biogenesisP. aeruginosa

elimination by XcpR and PilB muta-tions, 4962

Pilus production and twitching motilityP. aeruginosapilG gene product, 5934

pIP501L. lactis subsp. lactis

efficient plasmid mobilization, 5806RepR protein expression

antisense RNA-mediated transcriptionattenuation mechanism controlby, 4052

pIVfilamentous phage

structure and subcellular location,3998

PK1E bacteriophagetail gene encoding endo-N-acyl-

neuraminidasecomparison to homolog in K1F, 4354

pKM101antirestriction proteins, two nonhomolo-

gousArdA and ArdB, 4843

Plasma membrane ATPaseC. albicans

yeast growth and germ tube forma-tion, 5566

Plasmid hypernegative supercoiling, 1645DNA topoisomerase I mutants, 1645

Plasmid pKM101antirestriction proteins, two nonhomolo-

gousArdA and ArdB, 4843

Plasmid pNRC100H. halobium

minimal replication origin, 4584Plasmid RP4mating pair formation systemRSF1010 mobilization and donor-spe-

cific phage propagation, 6415Plasmid shuttle vector

mycobacterial promoters, cloning andassessment of, 5186

Plasmid-encoded urease gene clusterEnterobacteniaceae, 1860

PlasmidsBacillus pBAA1

single-stranded origin, 1988ColEl

suppression of high-copy-number mu-tants, 428

E. faecalis pAD1autonomous replication, 1900sex pheromone response, 1008

FTraJ protein in E. coli cpx mutants,

921traR mutants, 1528trbH mutants, 1528trbJ mutants, 1528

H. capsulatum telomeric shuttle plas-mid, 636

halobacteria, 1081Halobacterium pNRC100gvpACN operon, 684

pAD1autonomous replication, 1900sex pheromone response, 1008

pBAA1single-stranded origin, 1988

RP1tra cistrons, 448

S. clavuligerus, 37Plasmolysis bays

E. colidivision site development and posi-

tioning, possible relation to, 2241Pleiotropic suppressor phenotype

E. coli psu mutants, 207plsB gene

E. coliphysical map, 5728

pmrA mutants, spontaneousS. typhimunum LT2new two-component regulatory system

with a possible role in virulence,4154

pobAA. calcoaceticusp-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase struc-

tural gene, 4499psbR, 4499

Polarization of cellsminireview, 7125

Poly-13-hydroxybutyrate synthaseA. eutrophus

immunocytochemical analysis, 5289localization, 5289

Polychlorinated biphenylsoxidation

P. pseudoalcaligenes KF707, 4561Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400, 4561

Polychlorobiphenyl degradationR. globerulus P6

2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxy-genase genes, three different, 4631

Polyketide spore pigment synthesisS. halstedii

hydroxylase-like gene product, contri-bution of, 8043

VOL. 174, 1992

xlii SUBJECT INDEX

Polyketide synthases, hybridS. coelicolor A3(2)

acyl carrier proteins, heterologous,2197

Polysaccharide synthesisnodulation, 750R. leguminosarum, 750

Porin geneE. coli K-12RNA polymerase alpha subunit muta-

tions, 5460Porin H

P. multocida, 266Porphyromonas gingivalis

hemin uptakeOmp26, 7413

Omp26hemin-binding surface protein, 7413

Postexponential promotersP. putida

lacZ-tet bicistronic reporters, 6902TOL promoter responses to pathway

inducers, 6902Potassium transport

E. coliS. aureus tet(K) gene, mediation by,

4927ppGpp

E. colior synthesis, regulation of, 7982

pps and pckE. coli

gluconeogenic growth, control of, 6939PRD1 double-stranded DNA virus

E. coliIncP-type plasmid, binding to receptor

encoded by, 3089Primary-secondary alcohol dehydrogenase

C. beijerinckii, 5097prUA

E. colisecB mutants, suppression of defec-

tive export of maltose-bindingprotein in, 4036

prL4 (secY)E. coli

novel mutants, 7092prlC (opdA) gene

E. coliphysical map, 5731

prmA geneE. coli

ribosomal protein methylation, 7178pRmeGR4b nonsymbiotic plasmidR. meliloti GR4

melanin production, 5403Proline

L. lactisuptake systems, 5438

Prolipoprotein, lipid-modifiedE. coli

requirement of energy and sec geneproducts for processing in vivo,6113

Promiscuous exoribonucleasesE. coli

minireview, 4577Promiscuous plasmid RK2

kilBstructure, function, and regulation,

2423Protease I

E. coli, 1032

Protease SMS. marcescens

E. coli, secretion in, 7321TolC dependence of secretion, 7321

Proteeae tribepeptidoglycan 0 acetylation, 4550

Protein AS. aureus

immunoglobulin G-binding domain,7639

Protein DH. influenzae

glycerophosphodiester phosphodiester-ase, 4569

Protein HP. multocida, 266

Protein importE. coli, 222TolA protein, 222

Protein phosphatases 2A and 2CB. emersonii

hexosamine biosynthesis, developmen-tal regulation of, 5022

Proteus mirabilisMR/P fimbrial gene, 457urease

regulation by UreR, 465Proteus spp.

a-keto acidsamino acid deaminases, production

by, 2727novel siderophores, 2727

Protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenaseB. maceransnew extradiol catecholic dioxygenase,

4414Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase gene

P. putida, 6194Proton motive force

B. subtiliscell wall-associated enzymes, regula-

tion of, 5690E. coli

cobalamin, outer membrane transportof, 3146

Proton translocation, light dependentbacteriorhodopsin

minireview, 1555Providencia spp.

a-keto acidsamino acid deaminases, production

by, 2727novel siderophores, 2727

Providencia stuartii2'-N-acetyltransferase gene

characterization and transcriptionalregulation, 6492

prs gene productE. coli

cooperation with dnaA gene productfor initiation of chromosome repli-cation, 5559

prsAE. coli

purine repressor, regulation by, 3598pSAM2 conjugative transfer element

S. ambofacienskil-kor system associated with trans-

fer, 5529pSClOl

minimal essential origin of replicationregion downstream of iterons, require-

ment of, 5993

par locusprotein-DNA interactions of plasmid

replication origin, alteration of,6046

RepA proteinplasmid DNA replication and parti-

tioning, 7834RepA replication proteincopy number mutation, 4165

Pseudoknot control of replicationB group plasmids

mutations, 6476Pseudomonas aeruginosa

acetyl coenzyme A carboxylasebiotin carboxyl carrier protein and bi-

otin carboxylase protein genes,6881

algB genealginate algT gene and integration host

factor roles in regulation, 4145algF

alginate biosynthetic gene cluster, lo-cation within, 5057

alginate biosynthetic gene clusteralgF, 5057alginate acetylation, 5057

alginate gene activationAlgRl-binding site, enhancer-like ac-

tivity of, 5452alginate lyasealgL gene expression in E. coli, 4780

algL genealginate lyase, 4780E. coli, expression in, 4780

AIgUrelationship to muc and oH, 1153

biotin carboxyl carrier protein gene,6881

biotin carboxylase protein gene, 6881carbaryl hydrolysis

constitutively expressed enzyme, 6711exotoxin A

extracellular secretion pathway, peri-plasmic intermediate in, 7463

export proteins XcpT, -U, -V, and -Wcleavage, methylation, and localiza-

tion, 4375extracellular protein secretion

elimination by XcpR and PilB muta-tions, 4962

ferric enterobactin receptor genepfeA,317

flagellins, a- and b-typetyrosine phosphate, 2458

fpvA ferripyoverdine receptor gene, 4597fur gene

siderophore and exotoxin A produc-tion, coordinate regulation of,2589

gentamicinsurface action, 5798

lasBI mutantselastase, defective, 4008

lipopolysaccharideO side chain synthesis, 1605O side chains and common antigens

on same molecule, 5117phosphomannomutase, 1605

manganese superoxide dismutaseincreased activity in alginate-produc-

ing bacteria, 7658sodA and sodB genes, 7658

multiple antibiotic resistance

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xliii

efflux operon, evidence for involve-ment of, 7363

OprD outer membrane porin proteinsubstrate selectivity, genetic definition

of, 7793outer membrane porin protein OprD

substrate selectivity, genetic definitionof, 7793

pchRAraC family, 5882pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptor

synthesis, activator of, 5882pfeA gene, 317PilB ATP-binding site, mutation in

elimination of extracellular proteinsecretion and pilus biogenesis,4962

pilG gene productenteric, single-domain response regu-

lator CheY, homology to, 5934pilus production and twitching motil-

ity, requirement for, 5934pilus biogenesis

elimination by XcpR and PilB muta-tions, 4962

pilus production and twitching motilitypilG gene product, 5934

pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptorsynthesis

pchR, activation by, 5882pyocin gene regulation, 1257pyocins Si and S2

molecular structures and functions,2907

recA generelated adjacent gene, role of, 2451

rpoDA transcription, 1069sodA and sodB genes

manganese- and iron-cofactored super-oxide dismutase, 7658

XcpR ATP-binding site, mutation inelimination of extracellular protein

secretion and pilus biogenesis,4962

Xcpt, -U, -V, and -W export proteinscleavage, methylation, and localiza-

tion, 4375Pseudomonas cepacia

dienelactone hydrolase, 2994Pseudomonas denitnficanscoenzyme B12

corrin macrocycle biosynthesis, 7430Pseudomonas incognita

cytochrome P-4501in (CYP111)cytochrome P450 family, new, 6028

Pseudomonas paucimobilisdehalogenase gene product

y-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation,6403

y-hexachlorocyclohexane degradationdehalogenase gene product, 6403

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707polychlorinated biphenyls, oxidation of,

4561Pseudomonas putida

amino acid racemasea-epimerase activity, 4213

aromatic acid degradationpcaIJ genes, 5829

bkdR genebkd operon, requirement for expres-

sion of, 3934E. coli Lrp, protein related to, 3934

CAM plasmidcamR, 7828cytochrome P-450cam hydroxylase

operon repressor, 7828clcR gene, 417pcaIJ gcnes

aromatic acid degradation, 5829postexponential promoters

lacZ-tet bicistronic reporters, 6902TOL promoter responses to pathway

inducers, 6902protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase gene,

6194sulfate limitation-induced proteins, 1187TOL promoterpathway inducers, responses to, 6902

Pseudomonas putida NCIB 9816-4naphthalene dioxygenase

terminal component, subunits of, 5877Pseudomonas putida PaW85

catechol 1,2-dioxygenasepheBA operon, 8038

pheBA operoncatechol 1,2-dioxygenase, 8038phenol monooxygenase, 8038

phenol monooxygenasepheBA operon, 8038

Pseudomonas putida PpG1cam operon transcription, 6953camR gene transcription, 6953

Pseudomonas solanacearumPhcALysR transcriptional regulator, puta-

tive, 5477phenotype conversion due to sponta-

neous inactivation, 5477phenotype conversionPhcA, spontaneous inactivation of,

5477VsrB regulator of virulence geneshomology to sensors of the two-com-

ponent family, 6169Pseudomonas sp., denitrifying

benzoate oxidation pathway, new aero-bic

benzoyl-coenzyme A and 3-hydroxy-benzoyl-coenzyme A, 4851

Pseudomonas sp. strain B13chloroaromatics, degradation of

maleylacetate reductase, 6075maleylacetate reductase

chloroaromatics, degradation of, 6075Pseudomonas sp. strain ClSl

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, mineralization of,2278

Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600DmpR gene, 1596meta-cleavage pathway enzymes, 377

Pseudomonas sp. strain DNT2,4-dinitrotoluene degradation genes,

1831Pseudomonas sp. strain HBP1

2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl metabolism, 1621Pseudomonas sp. strain LB400

biphenyl dioxygenase, 395polychlorinated biphenyls, oxidation of,

4561Pseudomonas spp.

alginate conversion, 1303biphenyl metabolismbph operon, 5224

bph operonbiphenyl metabolism, 5224

tod operontoluene metabolism, 5224

toluene metabolismtod operon, 5224

Pseudomonas strainsdibenzothiophene and naphthalene, me-

tabolism ofupper naphthalene catabolic pathway,

complete DNA sequence of, 6890Pseudomonas stutzeri

denitrification, anaerobic control offitr-like gene, escape from mutagenesis

of, 7236fir-like gene mutagenesis

anaerobic control of denitrification,escape of, 7236

Pseudomonas syringaeavrRpt2 avirulence gene

putative regulatory sequence commonto all known avirulence genes,4859

copper resistance operontwo-component regulatory system,

1656copper resistance operon, plasmid-bornechromosomal homologs, 4492

ice nuclei, high-level expression ofnutrient limitation and low tempera-

ture, induction by, 4062ice nucleus assembly

aggregation model, 7216kinetics of appearance and disappear-

ance, 7216Pseudomonas syingae pv. phaseolicola

phaseolotoxin productiongenetic organization of gene cluster,

6451Pseudomonas syingae pv. tomato

avirulence gene Dpromoter, 5916

pss andpsd genesE. coli

motility and chemotaxis, requirementfor, 7711

pstSCAB-phoU operonrep technique used to construct muta-

tionsPhoU protein role in phosphate regu-

lon, 6797psu mutants

E. coli, 207pleiotropic suppressor phenotype, 207

pSym-b 1,700-kilobase-pair symbioticmegaplasmid

R. melilotiDNA replication origin, 6553

pT181S. aureuspcrA3 chromosomal mutation suppres-

sor, 3916pUB110Rep protein mutation

effect on termination of rolling circlereplication, 5611

pufQ geneR. capsulatus

recombinant expression, 4834purC gene

S. pneumoniae, 6364Purine metabolism

C. psittaci, intracellular, 4662M. vannielii, 5754

VOL. 174, 1992

xliv SUBJECT INDEX

Purine repressorE. coliglnB, prsA, and speA, regulation of,

3598Puromycin biosynthetic gene cluster

S. albonigerN-acetylpuromycin-N-acetylhydrolase

gene, 7474Purple nonsulfur bacteriumR. sphaeroidesRNA polymerase holoenzymes, 7629

PurR proteinE. coli

glycine cleavage enzyme system, rolein, 5129

purUE. colipurT-dependent phosphoribosyl-N-

formylglycinamide synthesis,source of formate for, 7066

Pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptor syn-thesis

P. aeruginosapchR, activation by, 5882

Pyocin AP41inherent DNase, 912

Pyocin gene regulationP. aeruginosa, 1257

Pyocins Si and S2P. aeruginosa

molecular structures and functions,2907

pyrBI operonE. coli K-12

promoter P2 is the physiologically sig-nificant promoter, 2363

pyrC and pyrD promotersS. typhimurium

nucleotide pool-sensitive selection oftranscriptional start site, 4137

Pyrimidine metabolismC. psittaci, intracellular, 4652

Pyrimidine metabolism mutantsS. acidocaldanus, 1500

Pyrococcus furiosussulfur reduction

bioenergetics, 1823Pyrococcus woesei

glutamine synthetase I geneanomalous inferred phylogenies, 2961archael and bacterial sequences, 2961

Pyruvate kinaseL. lactis

novel operon encoding, 2541

Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferaseS. typhimurium, 479

R27IncHIl plasmidtwo replicons and an incompatibility

determinant, 7697R64traABCD region, 5035

R100 plasmidtraM gene

repression by its own product and in-tegration host factor, 4466

R100 plasmid maintenanceE. colichpA and chpB, 6850

Rac prophageE. coli K-12recE gene C-terminal region, 7673recT gene, 7673

Radl and RadlO proteinsS. cerevisiae

nucleotide excision repair of UV radi-ation damage, 6345

RbcRbinding to rbc promoter, 1019T. ferrooxidans, 1019

rcsB and rcsCE. coli O9:K30:H12

group 1 capsular polysaccharides, rolein expression of, 5384

recl' geneH. influenzae

structural organization, nucleotide se-quence, and regulation, 7269

RecAE. colirnhA mutants, 7247

recA432 mutantsE. coliLexA cleavage following SOS induc-

tion, 7373UV sensitivity and apparent UV non-

mutability, novel mechanism for,7373

RecA1202(Prtc) proteinE. coli recA mutations

reduction in constitutive coproteaseactivity, 6518

recA geneP. aeruginosa

related adjacent gene, role of, 2451S. gordonii

disruption, 6354recombination-deficient mutants, con-

struction of, 6354recA mutants

E. colidegradation of individual chromo-

somes, 5505recA mutations

E. coliRecA1202(Prtc) protein, reduction in

constitutive coprotease activityof, 6518

RecBCD enzymeAbc modification, 1756E. coli, 1756

A Gam protein, interaction with, 4738recE gene

E. coli K-12 Rac prophageC-terminal region, 7673

RecJP22 erf, 288

recJ mutations, suppression ofE. coli

IF3 translation initiation factor muta-tions, 6118

Recombination pathwaysE. coli

double helicase II (uvrD)-helicase IV(helD) deletion mutants, defect in,4641

Recombination protein ,3complexes, 1844X, 1844

recT geneE. coli K-12 Rac prophagerecE gene C-terminal region, 7673

RecT proteinE. coli, 277

Redox stress responseE. colisocRS, 7492

Reductive dechlorinationFlavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723

glutathione S-transferase gene, 2640Reductive pentose phosphate-independent

CO2 fixationR. sphaeroides, 3372

Relapsing fever agentB. hermsii

chimeric outer membrane protein,2516

intragenic recombination, 2516Relaxase operonRP4 plasmid

site-directed mutations, 4911Rep protein

Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803pCA2.4, 3981

Rep protein mutationpUB110

effect on termination of rolling circlereplication, 5611

rep technique for allele replacementpstSCAB-phou operon mutationsPhoU protein role in phosphate regu-

lon, 6797repAl gene

IncFII plasmid NR1suppression of replication-deficient

mutants, 3161repA4 region mutations

IncFII plasmid NR1unstable inheritance, 5350

RepA proteinE. coli

P307 RepFIB, regulatory interactionwith, 4016

pSClOlcopy number mutation, 4165plasmid DNA replication and parti-

tioning, 7834Replication initiator protein

E. coliColV-K30 virulence plasmid, 3563

Replication originM. capricolum, 655

RepR protein expressionpIP501

antisense RNA-mediated transcriptionattenuation mechanism controlby, 4052

Respiratory NADH dehydrogenases, dis-tinct membrane bound

E. coliseparate genetic loci, 3013

Retron elementsrhizobia and other gram-negative bacte-

riadiversity, 4250

RetrotransferE. coli, 583

rfa2 (rfaC) geneE. coli

lipopolysaccharide inner core synthe-sis, 2534

rfa clusterS. typhimunium, 1524

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xlv

rfb gene clustersS. enterica

variation of, 4877rib genes

E. coli 07:K1 strain, 148rC and rffA genes

E. coliphysical map, 5738

L-rhamnose metabolismE. coli

gene cluster encoding enzymes, 5585Rhizobia and other gram-negative bacteria

retron elements, diversity of, 4250Rhizobium fredii

3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid-containing polysaccharides

E. coli group II K antigens, structuralanalogy to, 3570

R. meliloti, 3570Rhizobium isolates

methoxylated fatty acidsacid-catalyzed transesterification pro-

cedures, 4922Rhizobium leguminosarum

polysaccharide synthesisnodulation, 750

Rhizobium meliloti3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid-

containing polysaccharidesE. coli group II K antigens, structural

analogy to, 3570R. fredii, 3570

aminotransferase genes, 1919aspartate aminotransferase, novel, 4186C4 dicarboxylic acid transport

chemotaxis, relationship with, 2284chemotaxisC4 dicarboxylic acid transport, rela-

tionship with, 2284dctA expression, a14 dependentDctD transcriptional activator, nega-

tive regulation by, 2674fixK and nifA genes

oxygen-regulated in vitro transcrip-tion, 6867

FixL, 1103glycosyl transferases, family of

succinoglycan synthesis, 7033iron transport, 94membrane protein, 1103mos locus

rhizopine, 5193nifA deletion mutant

symbiotic nitrogen fixation, 2662unusual ntrC allele, 2662

nifA and fixK genesoxygen-regulated in vitro transcrip-

tion, 6867nitrous oxide reductase gene, 19pSym-b 1,700-kilobase-pair symbiotic

megaplasmidDNA replication origin, 6553

rhizopine mos locusmosaic structure facilitating its symbi-

otic regulation, 5193succinoglycan biosynthesis

genes needed for modification, poly-merization, export, and process-ing, 7045

succinoglycan synthesisglycosyl transferases, family of, 7033

symbiotic nitrogen fixationnifA deletion mutant, 2662

unusual ntrC allele, 2662Rhizobium meliloti 1021

physical map of genome, 6945Rhizobium meliloti GR4

melanin productionpRmeGR46 nonsymbiotic plasmid,

5403tyrosine gene mepA, 5403

mepA tyrosinase genemelanin production, 5403

tyrosinase gene mepAmelanin production, 5403

Rhizobium meliloti Rm1021alfalfa nodule invasion

acetyl substituent of succinoglycan,lack of need for, 3653

succinoglycan acetyl substituentalfalfa nodule invasion, lack of need

for; 3653Rhizobium meliloti Rm220-3new rhizopine induced in nodules

genes for synthesis and catabolism,5205

Rhizobium sp. strain GRH2acacia nodules

acidic extracellular polysaccharides,2826

acidic extracellular polysaccharidessymbiotic importance, 2826

Rhizobium tropicinodD

multiple copies, 438Rhizopine induced in nodules, new

R. meliloti Rm220-3genes for synthesis and catabolism,

5205Rhizopine mos locusR. meliloti

mosaic structure facilitating its symbi-otic regulation, 5193

rho geneB. subtilis, 647

rho genesN. gonorrhoeae and S. typhimurium

characterization, 8030Rhodobacter capsulatusbch operon, oxygen regulated, 2026bchA chlorin reductase-encoding locusbchX, bchY, and bchZ, 2407

bchFNBH bacteriochlorophyll synthesisgenes, 2414

hip geneintegration host factor homolog c sub-

unit, 6499hupT gene

sensor protein involved in repressionof hydrogenase synthesis, 7404

hydrogenase synthesishupT gene sensor protein, repression

by, 7404integration host factor homolog

c subunit, 6499hip gene, 6499

light-independent protochlorophyllidereductase, third subunit of, 2414

molybdenum transport system, genesencoding, 3031

molybdenum-pterin-binding proteins,putative, 3031

nif-specific flavodoxinpurification and properties, 6775

pufQ generecombinant expression, 4834

Rhodobacter sphaeroidesCalvin cycle operonsCbbR positive regulator, 5778

CbbRCalvin cycle operons, positive regula-

tor of, 5778chemotaxis

attractant metabolism, 291CO2 fixation, control of

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, absence of, 7109

cytochrome c2photosynthesis, 358

hemA and hemT genes5-aminolevulinic acid synthase iso-

zymes, 2292HemA and HemT mutants

5-aminolevulinic acid availability, 2304spectral complex formation, 2304

nitrogenaseposttranslational regulation, 1358

photolithoautotrophic growthribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-

oxygenase, absence of, 7109photosynthesiscytochrome c2, 358

reductive pentose phosphate-indepen-dent CO2 fixation, 3372

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxy-genase, absence of

CO2 fixation, control of, 7109photolithoautotrophic growth, 7109

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxy-genase activity

redox balance maintenance, 3372RNA polymerase holoenzymes

transcription properties, 7629rRNA operons

cis-acting regulatory regions, up-stream, 6392

Rhodobacter sphaeroides WS8flagellar motor, unidirectional

clockwise or counterclockwise rota-tion, 6041

Rhodococcus globerulus P62,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase

genes, three different, 4631polychlorobiphenyl degrading

three different 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase genes, 4631

Rhodococcus rhodochrouscytochromes P-450, 1467

Rhodospinillum rubrumribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-

oxygenase deletion strainCO2 fixation gene expression, 5066

Rhs elementsE. coli K-12

shared and unique components withdifferent evolutionary histories,2799

Riboflavin biosynthesisE. coliGTP cyclohydrolase II gene, 4045

Ribonuclease, periplasmic broad-specificityA. hydrophila

E. coli ribonuclease I, relatedness to,3710

eukaryotic ribonucleases, relatednessto family of, 3710

Ribonucleoproteins, small nucleareubacterial components, 1871

VOL. 174, 1992

xlvi SUBJECT INDEX

Ribose phosphate isomerase AE. coli

rpiA gene, 5628Ribosomal protein methylation

E. coliprmA gene, 7178

Ribosome interactionmutant elongation factor Tu, 240

Ribosome-inactivating proteinsA. tumefaciens translation system, ef-

fects on, 6721E. coli translation system, effect on,

6721Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-

oxygenase deletion strainR. rubrumCO2 fixation gene expression, 5066

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylasecyanobacterial heterocysts, 7301

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxyge-nase, absence of

R. sphaeroidesCO2 fixation, control of, 7109photo-lithoautotrophic growth, 7109

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxyge-nase activity

R. sphaeroidesredox balance maintenance, 3372

Rickettsia prowazekii16S rRNA genecopy number, 3893

leucine aminopeptidase gene pepA, 159tlc and g1tA mRNAs

in situ RNA half-life, 5725Rickettsiae, spotted fever group

genotypic identification and phylogeneticanalysis

pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 4895rinA and rinB

+11 int expression, 1095RK2 promiscuous plasmid

kilB locusstructure, function, and regulation,

2423kilE locus, two operons constituting,

5078kil-kor regulon, 5078

RNA polymeraseS. typhimuriuma subunit C terminus, 2479&r54 holoenzyme, transcriptional acti-

vation of, 2479RNA polymerase alpha subunit

E. coli K-12mutations affecting regulation of porin

gene transcription, 5460RNA polymerase a-subunit operon

C. trachomatiscloning and characterization, 7150

RNA polymerase holoenzymesR. sphaeroides

transcription properties, 7629RNase III

E. coli, 229mRNA decay, 229rRNA processing, 229

RNase HE. coli

absence of a direct role in DNA repli-cation at oriC site, 6731

RNase P RNAS. acidocaldarius, 5043

rnhA mutantsE. coli

bypass of RecA dependence of consti-tutive stable DNA replication,7247

oriK sites, initiation of replication at,7254

Rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteriadivision cycle

synthesis of peptidoglycan and mem-brane, 3121

peptidoglycan and membranesynthesis during division cycle, 3121

Rolling circle replicationpUB110Rep protein mutation, effect of, 5611

Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803pCA2.4, 3981

Ros repressorA. tumefaciens

virC and virD operons, 3486Roseburia cecicola

activity that degrades DNA when ex-posed to air, 4681

RP4 plasmidrelaxase operon

site-directed mutations, 4911RPB4 RNA polymerase II subunit

S. cerevisiaegrowth rate-limiting process, involve-

ment in, 6358rph frameshift mutation

E. coli K-12 W3110 and MG1655 "wildtypes"

pyrimidine starvation due to low pyrEexpression levels, 3401

rpiA geneE. coli

ribose phosphate isomerase A, 5628rpoDA transcription

P. aeruginosa, 1069rpoN gene

E. coliphysical mapping, 1548, 1550

rpoS-dependent genesE. coli, 259osmotic regulation, 259

rrn operonsE. hirae ATCC 9790

intergenic spacers, 3213rRNA operons

B. subtilistRNA gene clusters, 503

R. sphaeroidescis-acting regulatory regions, up-

stream, 6392rRNA processing

E. coli, 229rrnB P1

E. coli, 661, 1580Fis-dependent activation, 1580transcription by E&2, 661

RSF1010 mobilizationplasmid RP4, 6415

Ruminococcus flavefaciensxynD gene

bifunctional enzyme with separate xy-lanase and 3(1,3-1,4)-glucanasedomains, 2943

ruvA, ruvB, and ruvC mutationsE. coli

Holliday intermediates, resolution of,4325

indirect suppression, 4325

S layerM. hungatei GP1

cell wall, 7550S. typhimuriumRNA polymerasea subunit C terminus, 2479(y54 holoenzyme, transcriptional acti-

vation of, 2479Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1,3-0-glucanase, sporulation specificSSG1, 3823

anthranilate synthase, 106113-glucanase, sporulation specific, 386BGL2 gene product

cell wall endo-,-1,3-glucanase, 2102budding site selection

cdc-like autolytic mutant, alterationin, 6562

C. albicansribosomal DNA units, 7189

C. albicans DNA sequenceadhesion and aggregation, conferring

of, 5683C. boidinii autonomously replicating

plasmids, 3556CAR1 expressionRAP1 protein, 941

cdc-like autolytic mutantbudding site selection, alteration in,

6562SP012, complementation by, 6562

cell cyclea/a, 3174volume growth of daughter and parent

cells, 3174cell cycle, density fluctuations in

defective vacuolar morphology mu-tants, 5714

cell wall endo-0-1,3-glucanaseBGL2 gene product, 2102

chemostat culturescarbon-, nitrogen-, or carbon- and ni-

trogen-limiting conditions, 4809CYS3 gene

bacterial expression, 4800cystathionine y-lyase, 4800

cysteine biosynthesistranssulfuration pathway built up by

enzyme recruitment, 5366DAL80 repressor protein

multiple copies of GATAA-containingsequences, binding to, 5851

URSGATA, binding to, 5851defective vacuolar morphology mutants

cell cycle, density fluctuations in, 5714DUR3

urea active transporter gene, 4688energy fluxNaCl stress, 2205

glucokinasefunctional studies, 3289

glucose catabolismglutamine synthesis is a regulatory

signal, 7705glucose transport protein, putative high

affinityHxt2, 7689

glucose uptake and catabolite repressionHTRJ mutants, dominant, 5520

glutamine amidotransferase, bifunctional

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xlvii

HIS7, 5548GPI-anchored protein

morphogenesis, 1879growth rate-limiting processRPB4 RNA polymerase II subunit,

involvement of, 6358HIS7

bifunctional glutamine amidotrans-ferase, 5548

Hspl04 and Hsp70functional relationship, genetic evi-

dence for, 6484HTR1 mutants, dominant

glucose uptake and catabolite repres-sion, 5520

Hxt2putative high-affinity glucose transport

protein, 7689hydroxyethylthiazole kinase

thiamine biosynthetic pathway, bifunc-tional enzyme of, 5153

IN01 promoterupstream repressor sequence (URS1)

common to a diverse set of yeastgenes, 4235

MAK3L-A double-stranded RNA virus major

coat protein recognition by N-ace-tyltransferase, 3192

N-acetyltransferase, 3192methionine-mediated lethality

elevated temperature, 5469mitochondrial RNA turnover

nucleoside triphosphate-regulated, 3'exonucleolytic mechanism, 6245

morphogenesisGPI-anchored protein, 1879

N-acetyltransferaseL-A double-stranded RNA virus major

coat protein, recognition byN-acetyltransferase, 3192

NaCl stressenergy flux and osmoregulation, 2205

nitrogen catabolite repression, 64organelle membranes

sterol composition, 2853osmoregulationNaCl stress, 2205

Radl and RadlO proteinsnucleotide excision repair of UV radi-

ation damage, 6345ribosomal DNA units

C. albicans, 7189RPB4growth rate-limiting process, involve-

ment in, 6358RNA polymerase II subunit, 6358

SKN7,B-glucan assembly, multicopy suppres-

sor of mutation affecting, 6908homology of domains to prokaryotic

two-component regulators and toheat shock transcription factors,6908

SPL1-1 mutationtRNA splicing, 1433

SP012cdc-like autolytic mutant, complemen-

tation of, 6562sporulation-specific 13-glucanase, 386SSGI

sporulation-specific 1,3-3-glucanase,3823

sterol metabolismsubcellular distribution of enzymes,

2853thiamine biosynthetic pathway

hydroxyethylthiazole kinase, 5153thiamine-phosphate pyrophosphorylase,

5153thymine-thymine cyclobutane dimer

E. coli, comparison with, 2607frequency and accuracy of replication

past, 2607tRNA splicingSPL1-1 mutation, 1433

urea active transporter geneDUR3, 4688

UV radiation damagenucleotide excision repair, 6345Radl and RadlO proteins, 6345

Saccharopolyspora erythraeaerythromycin C-12 hydroxylase gene,

182Saliva-binding protein SsaB

S. sanguis, 572Salmonella enterica

0-antigen biosynthesisglycosyl transferases, 3408transferase genes of groups B, C2, and

El, 3408rJb gene clusters

variation of, 4877Salmonella enteritidis

fibronectin binding, 12fimbriae, 12sefABC fimbrial genes, 2523

Salmonella and Escherichia strains, sev-eral

comparison of lipids A by "2Cf plasmadesorption mass spectrometry, 2988

Salmonella serovarsflagellin gene conversion, 758

Salmonella spp.g.11 flagellar antigen complex

molecular analyses, 5359P22 phage

E. coli transduction, 7115Salmonella typhiVi I typing phage

generalized transduction, 5294ViaB regionVi antigen, 4456

Salmonella typhimuriumacid tolerance response, 1981ada-deletion derivative of strain TA1535,

55395-aminolevulinic acid transport

dipeptide permease, 325cobA mutantscobU-dependent assimilation of nona-

denosylated cobinamide, 6328cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthetic

genescharacterization, 3303

cobalamin nucleotide loopmutants defective in synthesis, 3317

cobalamin/propanediol reguloncontrol by two global regulatory sys-

tems (Crp and Arc), 7200cobinamide, nonadenosylatedcobU-dependent assimilation in cobA

mutants, 6328coproporphyrinogen oxidase, oxygen

dependenthemF gene, 4990

cysG gene, 1457dipeptide permease

5-aminolevulinic acid transport, 325division cycle

synthesis of peptidoglycan and mem-brane, 3121

E. coliancestry of common insertion se-

quences, 7863flgM flagellar regulatory gene

control of expression, 7006fliG mutations, 802FliI

catalytic subunit of the FoF1 ATPase,relation to, 3131

flagellar protein, 3131virulence proteins of mammalian and

plant pathogens, relation to, 3131fliN mutations, 802gene disruption, new m~ethod for, 5539gene fusions, single-step cloning of

bacteriophage P22 transduction of in-tegrated plasmids, 7086

hemF geneoxygen-dependent coproporphyrino-

gen oxidase, 4990host macrophages, growth withingrowth rate paradox, 3744proteins synthesized, 3734

metF geneMetR protein, regulation by, 5862

2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin synthesismiaE gene, 7776

miaE gene2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin synthesis,

hydroxylase involved in, 7776mutB gene, 541nadC gene, 479P22 bacteriophage

integrated plasmids, transduction of,7086

peptidoglycan and membranesynthesis during division cycle, 3121

PhoP-repressed geneinvasion of epithelial cells, promotion

of, 4475phs genetic locus

role for a phs product in its own in-duction, 6368

pyrC and pyrD promotersnucleotide pool-sensitive selection of

transcriptional start site, 4137quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase,

479rfa cluster, 1524rho gene

characterization, 8030R-type lipopolysaccharides

structural heterogeneity investigatedby electrospray mass spectros-copy, 2702

use uracil-sensitive mutationargU, 3897minor arginine tRNA, 3897

Salmonella typhimurium LT2IS200genomic cleavage map, location on,

7624pmrA mutants, spontaneousnew two-component regulatory system

with a possible role in virulence,4154

XbaI-BlnI-CeuI genomic cleavage map,

VOL. 174, 1992

xlViii SUBJECT INDEX

4104Schizaphis graminum

B. aphidicola endosymbionttrpDC(F)BA operon, putative, 6426

Sec proteinsbacteriocin release protein, 1543E. coli, 1543

SecA proteinE. coli

mutation partially compensating forabsence of SecB, 2255

secB mutantsE. coliprLA suppression of defective export

of maltose-binding protein, 4036SecY complex

E. colideterminants of quantity, 7771

secY geneB. subtilis

temperature-sensitive sporulationcaused by mutation, 3656

secY (prLU)E. coli

novel mutants, 7092sefABC fimbrial genes

S. enteritidis, 2523Self-processing reactionsLexA, 4943minireview, 4943

Sensory opsin IHalobacterium sp. strain SG1, 2720

Septum formationB. subtilis

arrest resulting from maf gene amplifi-cation, 3139

Serine pathway enzymesM. extorquens AM1

malyl coenzyme A lyase, 3776phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase,

3776Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriaeNADH oxidase

purification and characterization, 2980periplasmic flagellar protein, species spe-

cific, 8000Serratia marcescens

aspartokinase I-homoserine dehydroge-nase I

allosteric response, 959metalloprotease transporter

protease SM secretion in E. coli, 7321two components, 7321

threonine operon, 785Sex pheromone binding

E. faecalistraC determinant of pAD1, 5260

E. faecalis conjugative plasmid pCF10,5253

sfp0B. subtilis

E. coli entD gene, relationship with,6203

Sheathed methanogenM. hungatei GP1

cell wall, 7550S layer, 7550

Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1anaerobic respiration

etrA, regulation by, 7938etrA

anaerobic respiration, regulation of,7938

fnr analog, 7938Shiga toxinA-subunitminimum domain needed for enzymatic

activity, 4970residues required for holotoxin assem-

bly, 7652Shiga toxin operon

translation, 597Shigella flexneri

epithelial cells, invasion ofeight genes in region 5 that form an

operon, 2334IcsA proteinATPase activity, 2189intracellular movement, 2189unipolar localization, 2189

ipa genesentry into epithelial cells, 5899nonpolar mutagenesis, 5899

virB invasion regulatory geneH-NS, repression by, 6142VirF, activation by, 6142

Shuttle vector constructionD. desulfuricans

small plasmid, 4121Sialic acid, 7-substituted

enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide, 1508Siderophore biosynthesis genes

B. subtilissfpo and E. coli entD genes, relation-

ship between, 6203Siderophore mutants

B. bronchiseptica, 1144sieB (superinfection exclusion) gene

X, 4712P22, 4712

O54 bacterial enhancer-binding protein fam-ily

mechanism of action, 6067minireview, 6067phylogenetic relationship of functional

domains, 6067"4flaB flagellin promoterC. coli

environmental regulation, 4448a,54 holoenzyme

S. typhimuriumRNA polymerase a subunit C termi-

nus, 2479transcriptional activation, 2479

a70bacteriophage MuMor protein requirement to activate

Mu middle protein, 5314a factorM. xanthusnew putative, 3335

V. parahaemolyticusdifferentiation, control of, 3361

af factor, putativeE. coli

KatF, 21430rA factorB. subtilis

promoter -10 binding region, effecton growth of amino acid substitu-tions in, 2470

B. subtilis, 1929levels and activity, regulation of, 2347

heat shock, 1929

e1 transcription factorB. subtilisgtaB, control of, 3964large stationary-phase regulon, control

of, 3957stress-induced activation, 7931

r', RNA polymerase associated withB. subtilisspoIIM gene, transcription of, 3618

oE-Associated RNA polymeraseB. subtilisspoVE gene, 4081

a1 sporulation transcription factorB. subtilis

multilevel regulation, 7341

E. colippGpp, regulation of synthesis by,

7982Silicate binding

B. subtilis cell walls, 1936Site-specific DNA inversionHK022, 693

Site-specific integrationP2, 1239,LC3, 1745

SKN7S. cerevisiae

r-glucan assembly, multicopy suppres-sor of mutation affecting, 6908

S-layerB. coagulans

charged groups, relevance for integrityand molecular interactions of,2248

large-scale recrystallization at the air/water interface and on lipid films,2762

S-layer glycoproteinB. alvei

biosynthesis, proposed pathway for,4515

S-layer proteinL. acidophilus ATCC 4356

purification, expression in E. coli, andnucleotide sequence of the corre-sponding gene, 6089

S-layer protein expressionC. fetus

antigenic variation, 4979S-layer protein geneA. salmonicida

vapA, 7968SLP1 element

S. lividansexcisive recombination mediated by

Int and enhanced by Xis, 3075site-specific recombination, genes me-

diating, 3067Small acid-soluble proteins

Bacillus spp., 1367DNA damage prevention, 1367

Small heat shock proteinC. acetobutylicumDNA region encoding, 3394

Small nuclear ribonucleoproteinseubacterial components, 1871

sodAE. coli, 1687multiple transcription regulators, 1687

sodA and sodB genesP. aeruginosa

manganese- and iron-cofactored super-

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX xlix

oxide dismutase, 7658soi: :lacZ

E. colisuperoxide radicals, induction by,

2645sol operon

C. acetobutylicumsolventogenesis, chromosomal operon

involved in, 6959SOS repressor

B. subtilispurification, 6842

SOS systemB. subtilis

regulatory elements that control dam-age induction and competenceinduction, 5907

SOS-induced translesion bypassDNA polymerase II, 561

soxRScontrol of micF, 1026E. coli, 1026

SoxS proteinE. coli

negative autoregulation, 7492soxRS redox stress response, dampen-

ing mechanism for, 7492Soybean

B. japonicum, symbiosis with8-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,

need for, 7222speA

E. colipurine repressor, regulation by, 3598

Sphingomonas sp. strain RW12,2',3-trihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase,

7313dibenzofuran 4,4a-dioxygenase

angular dioxygenation by a three-com-ponent enzyme system, 6467

dibenzofuran- and dibenzo-p-dioxin-de-grading bacterium, 7313

Spiroplasma citriM. pneumoniae cytadhesin P1 gene

expression of epitope carried on Gfragment, 2783

Spiroplasma floricolasmall unilamellar vesicles, fusion of cells

withage of culture, dependence on, 6652

SPL1-1 mutationS. cerevisiae, 1433tRNA splicing, 1433

SpoOAB. subtilis

alkaline phosphatase levels induced byphosphate starvation, decrease in,3749

SPOl bacteriophageB. subtilis

cytotoxic early gene, 7887SP012

S. cerevisiaecdc-like autolytic mutant, complemen-

tation of, 6562spoILU locus

B. subtilispromoter-proximal mutations, 5636

spoIIB geneB. subtilis, 528

spoIIM geneB. subtilis

physical and functional characteriza-

tion, 3607RNA polymerase associated with crE,

transcription by, 3618Spore coat

B. subtilisinsoluble fraction, cluster of genes en-

coding polypeptides present in,3757

Spore coat assembly gene spoVIDB. subtilis, 1705

Spore cortex peptidoglycanB. megaterium and B. subtilis

not highly cross-linked, 2767Spore photoproduct lyase gene spl

B. subtilis, 1735Spores

B. megateriumheat resistance, 8049heat shock early in sporulation, 8049

Sporomusa sphaeroidescytochrome-deficient mutant strain

lack of capability to oxidize methylgroups, 3043

Sporulation factor, newB. subtilis, 6321

Sporulation genesS. griseus, 2017

Sporulation, temperature sensitiveB. subtilissecY gene mutation, 3656

Sporulation transcription factor or'B. subtilis

multilevel regulation, 7341Sporulation-specific P-glucanase

S. cerevisiae, 386Spotted fever group rickettsiae

genotypic identification and phylogeneticanalysis

pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 4895spoVE gene

B. subtilisin vivo expression, 4071o-s-associated RNA polymerase, tran-

scription by, 4081srfA operon

B. subtilisregulatory region, mutational analysis

of, 3188srfA promoter region

B. subtilisComA phosphorylated response regu-

lator protein, binding of, 3182SsaB protein

S. sanguis, 572SSGI

S. cerevisiae1,3-0-glucanase, sporulation specific,

3823Staphylococcus aureus

16S-23S rRNA gene complexesmolecular cloning and mapping, 7483

autolysis-defective mutants, 1493choline transport activitylow phosphate concentrations, 2400osmotic stress, 2400

DNA gyrase genes, 3269exoprotein and agr mRNA levelsxpr extracellular protein regulator, ef-

fect of, 7875femA locus, inactivated

altered muropeptide composition, 2779femB gene

methicillin resistance, 1612

peptidoglycan metabolism, 1612low phosphate concentrations

choline transport, 2400osmotic stress

choline transport, 2400pcrA3 chromosomal mutation

pT181-linked suppressors, 3916pGO1 plasmid

trs conjugative transfer gene complex,4436

plasmid pI258arsenic efflux governed by arsenic re-

sistance determinant, 3480potassium transport in E. coli

tet(K) gene, mediation by, 4927protein A

immunoglobulin G-binding domain,7639

pap pili as vector system for surfaceexposition of immunoglobulinG-binding domain, 7639

pT181-linked suppressorspcrA3 chromosomal mutation, 3916

sulfate limitation-induced proteins, 1187tet(K) gene

potassium transport in E. coli, media-tion of, 4927

tRNA genes, clustered, 5091xpr extracellular protein regulator

exoprotein and agr mRNA levels, ef-fect on, 7875

Staphylococcus carnosusfructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase gene,

class Icloning, sequencing, and characteriza-

tion, 7495Staphylococcus epidermidis

metalloprotease, extracellularelastase activity, 4218

Staphylococcus xylosussucrase gene, 851

Stationary-phase sigma factor osE. colippGpp, regulation of synthesis by,

7982Sterol metabolism

S. cerevisiaesubcellular distribution of enzymes,

2853Stigmatella aurantiaca

development-specific protein SP21, 905stress-responsive protein, low-molecular-

weightheat shock and development, induc-

tion of synthesis by, 7479Streptococcal conjugative transposon

TnS252site-specific integration

termini and chromosomal locus in-volved, 2713

Streptococci, mutans groupmanganous ion acquisition, 819

Streptococcus gordoniirecA gene

construction of recombination-defi-cient strains, 6354

recombination-deficient strainsrecA gene disruption, 6354

Streptococcus mutanscell wall antigens

isogenic mutants, multiple changes in,5925

environmental stress responses

VOL. 174, 1992

1 SUBJECT INDEX

mutant altered in, 6220isogenic mutants

cell wall antigens, multiple changes in,5925

MsmE protein, 1853Streptococcus oralis

choline deprivationcell physiology, 1717cell shape, 1717

Streptococcus pneumoniaefolate biosynthetic pathway

bifunctional protein with dihydroneop-terin aldolase and hydroxymeth-yldihydropterin pyrophosphoki-nase activities, 2214

purC gene, 6364Streptococcus pyogenes

promoters, analysis ofnovel Tn916-based shuttle vectors,

7561transcriptional fusions to chloram-

phenicol acetyltransferase, 7561Streptococcus salivarius

fructosyltransferase, cell-boundcarboxyl terminus specifies attachment

in S. gordonii model system, 4520Streptococcus sanguis

saliva-binding protein SsaB, 572Streptococcus sobrinus

surface protein antigen genenegative regulator, 4345

Streptococcus thermophilusdirected genomic integration, gene re-

placement, and integrative geneexpression, 4315

Streptolysin 0ring-shaped structure with crown formed

on erythrocyte membrane, 5953Streptomyces albonigerN-acetylpuromycin-N-acetylhydrolase

genepuromycin biosynthetic gene cluster,

7474puromycin biosynthetic gene clusterN-acetylpuromycin-N-acetylhydrolase

gene, 7474Streptomyces ambofacienspSAM2 conjugative integrating element

kil-kor system associated with trans-fer, 5524

Streptomyces antibioticusmelC operon, 1847

Streptomyces avermitilisavermectin biosynthetic genes

deletion analysis by gene cluster dis-placement, 2552

Tn4560 transposon mutagenesis, 2077Streptomyces cinnamonensismethylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase gene

cloning, sequencing, and expression,3511

Streptomyces clavuligeruscephamycin C biosynthesis

precursor flux control through targetedchromosomal insertion of thelysine e-aminotransferase (lat)gene, 6916

disulfide reductase, broad range, 623linear plasmidRNA transcripts, 37sequence, 37

thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase sys-tem, 5159

Streptomyces coelicolor43-kilodalton membrane-associated pro-

teinspecific in vitro guanylylation, 3220

bldA4-specified tRNAtemporal regulation, 1995

imp operonSLP1, 6767two imp-encoded proteins interact to

autoregulate imp expression, 6767valine (branched-chain amino acid) de-

hydrogenase genesequence, transcriptional, and func-

tional analysis, 4176whiG-dependent promoters, 933

Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)physical map

S. lividans 66, comparison with, 3422polyketide synthases, hybrid

acyl carrier proteins, heterologous,2197

S. lividans 66physical maps, comparison of, 3422

Streptomyces glaucescenstcmG and tcmP

tetracenomycin C biosynthetic genes,3876

tcmVI region of tetracenomycin C bio-synthetic gene cluster

second cyclase, 7571tetracenomycin Fl monooxygenase,

7571tetracenomycin F2 cyclase, 7571

tetracenomycin C biosynthetic genecluster

tcmG and tcmP, 3876tcmVI region, 7571transcriptional analysis, 3887

Streptomyces griseussporulation genes, 2017streptomycin biosynthesis

strR, 2652strR

A-factor-responsive protein that bindsto upstream activation sequence,2652

streptomycin biosynthesis regulatorygene, 2652

Streptomyces halstediipolyketide spore pigment synthesis

hydroxylase-like gene product, contri-bution of, 8043

Streptomyces lividansInt

excisive recombination of the SLP1element, 3075

pIJ101 plasmidKorB protein, 6996

SLP1 elementexcisive recombination mediated by

Int and enhanced by Xis, 3075site-specific recombination, genes me-

diating, 3067Xis

excisive recombination of the SLP1element, 3075

Streptomyces lividans 66physical map

S. coelicolor A3(2), comparison with,3422

S. coelicolor A3(2)physical maps, comparison of, 3422

Streptomyces peucetiscarminomycin 4-O-methyltransferase

geneE. coli, expression in, 3900

Streptomyces pilosusdesferrioxamine B synthesis

iron-regulated promoter, 3295iron-regulated promoterhomology to diphtheria toxin gene

promoter, 3295Streptomyces spp.

catabolite control, 1213DNA amplification, transferable, 1126galPI

complex operator, 1213Streptomycetes

thiols, low molecular weightantioxidants, potential role as, 2734

Streptomycin biosynthesisS. griseus

strR, 2652Stress proteinN. meningitidis

group B, 3664Stress protein, universal

E. coliuspA gene, 3949

Stress-responsive protein, low-molecular-weight

S. aurantiacaheat shock and development, induc-

tion of synthesis by, 7479strR

S. griseusA-factor-responsive protein that binds

to upstream activation sequence,2652

streptomycin biosynthesis regulatorygene, 2652

S-type pyocinsfunctional domains deduced from chi-

meric molecules, 6179Subtilisin-like serine protease

L. lactisnisP, 2578

SuccinoglycanR. meliloti RmlO21

lack of need for acetyl substituent foralfalfa nodule invasion, 3653

Succinoglycan biosynthesisR. meliloti

genes needed for modification, poly-merization, export, and process-ing, 7045

glycosyl transferases, family of, 7033Sucrase gene

S. xylosus, 851Sulfate limitation-induced proteins

E. coli, 1187P. putida, 1187S. aureus, 1187

Sulfhydryl-containing proteinN. gonorrhoeae, 1173

Sulfolobus acidocaldariusphysical map, 1532pyrimidine metabolism mutants, 1500RNase P RNA, 5043

Sulfolobus solfataricustrpEGC genes, 299

Sulfur reductionP. furiosus, 1823

J. BACTERIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX li

sup-3 ochre suppressorB. subtilis

operon of seven tRNA genes, locationin, 6512

Superinfection exclusion (sieB) geneX, 4712P22, 4712

Superoxide dismutase gene familyhalophilic archaebacteria, 1561

Superoxide dismutase proteinshalophilic archaebacteria, 1572

Superoxide radicalsE. coli

soi::lacZ gene fusions, induction of,2645

Surface protein antigen genesS. sobrinus

negative regulator, 4345Surfactin synthetase

B. subtilisamino-acylation site mutations in

amino acid-activating domains,3502

Swarmer cellV. parahaemolyticus

flagellar motor and propeller, genesencoding components of, 3361

Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002ndhF gene

interposon mutant, initial characteriza-tion of, 3343

isolation and characterization, 3343physical genome map, 5106

Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942filamentous strains

isolation by insertional inactivation ofgenes, 7644

Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942carboxysome structure and functiongenomic DNA region, 2871

glnA expressioninitiation from single nif-like promoter

under various nitrogen conditions,7727

Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803pCA2.4Rep protein, 3981rolling circle replication, 3981

Rep proteinpCA2.4, 3981

Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803desA gene

A12 desaturase, structural gene for,6056

tag geneE. coli

physical map, 5733Taxis proteinM. xanthusFrzCD, 4936

tcmG and tcmPS. glaucescens

tetracenomycin C biosynthetic genes,3876

tcmVI region of tetracenomycin C biosyn-thetic gene cluster

S. glaucescenssecond cyclase, 7571tetracenomycin Fl monooxygenase,

7571tetracenomycin F2 cyclase, 7571

tdk locusE. coli

mutations, method for selection of,6049

T-DNA transport structureA. tumefaciens

VirB proteins, 5233Telomeric shuttle plasmidH. capsulatum, 636

Temperate coliphage 186lysogeny, genes for establishment and

maintenance of, 5286Temperature changes caused by electric

shockE. coli

behavioral responses, 5785tet(K) gene

S. aureuspotassium transport in E. coli, media-

tion of, 4927Tet repressor mutations, noninducible

genetic selection system, 1206Tet(M)-mediated tetracycline resistance

E. colitRNA modification, necessity of, 7209

Tetracenomycin C biosynthetic gene clus-ter

S. glaucescenssecond cyclase, 7571tcmG and tcmP, 3876tcmVl region, 7571tetracenomycin Fl monooxygenase,

7571tetracenomycin F2 cyclase, 7571transcriptional analysis, 3887

Tetracycline resistance gene, class EE. coli

related tetracycline efflux proteins,4554

Tetracycline resistance, Tet(M) mediatedE. colitRNA modification, necessity of, 7209

Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticumB6A-RI

endoxylanaseactive site and thermostability regions,

5890Thermococcus litoralis

archaebacterium, extremely thermophilicmodified folates, structures of, 3661

Thermostable direct hemolysin geneV. parahemolyticus

V. cholerae tocxRS operon homolog,regulation by, 3844

Thermnus thermophilusgenome map, 103

Thiamine biosynthetic pathwayS. cerevisiae

hydroxyethylthiazole kinase, 5153Thiamine-phosphate pyrophosphorylase

S. cerevisiae, 5153thiCEFGH genes

E. coli, 982Thiobacillus ferrooxidansRbcR

binding to rbc promoter, 1019Thiobacillus versutusmethylamine dehydrogenase

large subunit, gene coding for, 6254Thiolactomycin resistance

E. coliemrAB, 3723multidrug resistance efflux pump, 3723

Thiols, low molecular weightstreptomycetes

antioxidants, potential role as, 2734Thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system

S. clavuligerus, 5159Threonine deaminase, biosynthetic

E. coliamino-terminal catalytic domain, 6605

Threonine formationE. coli

coupled activity of 2-amino-3-ketobu-tyrate coenzyme A lyase andthreonine dehydrogenase, 6505

Threonine operonS. marcescens, 785

Thymine-thymine cyclobutane dimerfrequency and accuracy of replication

pastS. cerevisiae and E. coli, comparison

in, 2607Ti plasmid pTiC58A. tumefaciens

agrocinopine catabolic region, 5575opine and agrocin 84 transport, 5575

Ti plasmidsA. tumefaciens

dynamic structure, 4790tktB gene

E. coli K-12second transketolase, 5375

tlc and g1tA mRNAsR. prowazekii

in situ RNA half-life, 5725TnS

transposase and inhibitor proteins, 6932TnlO derivativeA. pleuropneumoniae

transposon mutagenesis, 5717Tn916-based shuttle vectors, novel

S. pyogenes promoter analysis, 7561Tn4399 transposon

B. fragilis"mobilization cassette,', 5814

Tn4555 mobilizable transposonBacteroides spp.

identification of circular intermediate,2682

TnS252streptococcal conjugative transposon

site-specific integration, 2713tna leader region

E. coliextrachromosomal copies, 3380tryptophanase operon expression, in-

hibition of, 3380TnphoA mutagenesis

E. coli virulence genesinvX, 4817

TnphoA' elementsE. coli

phosphonate degradation, a mutationalanalysis of fourteen-gene operonfor, 3430

tol genescloacin DF13 susceptibility, 548E. coli, 548

TOL promoterP. putida

pathway inducers, responses to, 6902TolA protein

E. coli, 222protein import, 222

VOL. 174, 1992

lii SUBJECT INDEX

TolQ and ToIR proteinsE. colimembrane topologies, 4485TolQ inactivation by missense muta-

tion, 4485ToiR protein

E. colicell envelope integrity, requirement

for, 6059membrane topology, 6059

Toluene metabolismPseudomonas spp.

tod operon, 52244-Toluene sulfonate transportC testosteroni, 1075

TonB box suppressor mutantE. aerogenes, 6158

tonB geneE. aerogenesTonB box suppressor mutant, novel

type of, 6158toxRS operon

V. choleraeV. parahemolyticus homolog, 3844

tra cistronsRP1, 448

traABCD regionIncIl plasmid R64, 5035

TraJ proteinE. coli cpx mutants, 921F, 921

traM geneR100 plasmid

repression by its own product and in-tegration host factor, 4466

TranscarboxylaseE. coli

12S subunit primary structure deducedfrom DNA, 5301

Transcription-repair couplingminireview, 7509mutation frequency decline, 7504

Transferase genesS. enterica

groups B, C2, and El, 3408Transferrin, human

E. coligonococcal transferrin-binding protein

1, 2448Transformation

C. neoformans, 1405Transketolase

E. coli K-12tktB gene, 5375

Translationconsecutive AGG codons, 716

Transmembrane redox protein complex,potential

D. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Hildenbor-ough

hmc operon, 4699Transposase and inhibitor proteins

TnS, 6932Transposon mutagenesisA. calcoaceticus, 1838

TransposonsA. eutrophus Tn4371

biphenyl degradation genes, 1674A. tumefaciens virB8 definition, 887E. amylovora TnS393, 732TnS

associated adjacent deletions, 1264Tn1546

E. faecium glycopeptide resistance,117

Tn4371A. eutrophus biphenyl degradation

genes, 1674Tn4560

S. avermitilis mutagenesis, 2077TnSO86dhfrVII gene, 1796

TnS393, 732Transsulfuration pathway

S. cerevisiaecysteine biosynthesis, 5366enzyme recruitment, 5366

traR mutantsF, 1528

traXE. coli, 1375F pilin acetylation, 1375

traYE. coli

binding sites, 2221F factor, 2221

trbH mutantsF, 1528

trbJ mutantsF, 1528

Trehalose uptakeE. coli A receptor, 1682

Trifolitoxinantibiotic peptidegenes involved in production and re-

sistance, 36933,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate degradation

E. oxidoreducens, 669Trimethoprim resistancedhfrVII gene, 1796TnSO86, 1796

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene, mineralization ofPseudomonas sp. strain ClSI, 2278

tRNA gene clustersB. subtilisrRNA operons, 503

tRNA gene regulationE. coli, 1309

tRNA genesS. aureus

clustering, 5091tRNA modification

E. coliTet(M)-mediated tetracycline resis-

tance, necessity for, 7209tRNA splicing

S. cerevisiae, 1433SPLI-1 mutation, 1433

tRNAMCt initiator identityE. coli

formylability and anticodon stem se-quence, importance of, 4507

trpAB double revertantsE. coli

role of single-mutant intermediates,6411

trpDC(F)BA operon, putativeB. aphidicola

endosymbiont of aphid S. graminum,6426

tipEGC genesS. solfataricus, 299

trpR geneE. coli

frameshifting modulated by translationinitiation, 3204

trs conjugative transfer gene complexS. aureus pGOl plasmid, 4436

trxAE. coli, 1043mRNA decay, 1043

Tryptophanase operon expressionE. coli

extrachromosomal copies of tna leaderregion, inhibition by, 3380

Tsx proteinE. coli

bacteriophage receptor area, 2809Two-component family of sensors

P. solanacearum VsrB, homology of,6169

Tlwo-component sensory transduction sys-tem

A. tumefaciensvirulence, requirement for, 6614

Type 1 fimbrial phase variationE. coli K-12

environmental control, 6186fim switch, 6186

Type 1 piliationE. coli

rapid, synchronous, and stable induc-tion by using chromosomallacUV5 promoter, 2770

tyrR geneE. coli

mutations affecting TyrR-mediatedactivation but not TyrR-mediatedrepression, 6372

TyrR proteinE. coli, 303, 1767, 1777

tyrT regionE. coli

physical map, 7751

ubiCA operonE. coli

physical map, 5728Ubiquinol oxidaseA. aceti

cytochrome a,, 4307udk gene

E. coliphysical map, 5742

UgpE. coliABC proteins, 6546

UhpB and UhpC membrane-associatedregulatory proteins

E. coliinterplay between, 5028

umu-complementing genesmultidrug resistance plasmids, isolation

from, 5411uraA locusM. bovis BCG

homologous recombination, 7282Urea active transporter gene

S. cerevisiaeDUR3, 4688

Urea, hydrolysis ofU. urealyticumATP synthesis, 3253transmembrane potential, generation

of, 3253Ureaplasma urealyticumATP synthesis

urea, hydrolysis of, 3253

J. BA=rRIOL.

SUBJECT INDEX liii

urea, hydrolysis ofATP synthesis, 3253transmembrane potential, generation

of, 3253Urease

P. mirabilis, 465regulation by UreR, 465

Urease gene cluster, plasmid encodedEnterobacteriaceae, 1860UreR, positive regulation by, 3459

UreREnterobacteriaceaeAraC family of transcriptional activa-

tors, member of, 3459plasmid-encoded gene cluster, regula-

tion of, 3459URSGATA

S. cerevisiaeDAL80 repressor protein, binding of,

5851use uracil-sensitive mutation

S. typhimuriumargU, 3897minor arginine tRNA, 3897

uspA geneE. coli

universal stress protein, 3949UV radiation damage

S. cerevisiaenucleotide excision repair, 6345Radl and RadlO proteins, 6345

uvrD252 mutantsDNA helicase II, 341E. coli, 341

Vacuolar morphology mutantsS. cerevisiae

cell cycle, density fluctuations in, 5714Valine (branched-chain amino acid) dehy-

drogenase geneS. coelicolor

sequence, transcriptional, and func-tional analysis, 4176

valS geneL. caseivalyl-tRNA synthetase, 2475

Valyl-tRNA synthetaseL. casei

valS gene, 2475vapAA. salmonicida

S-layer protein gene, 7968Vegetative sigma factor geneA. tumefaciens

cloning, sequencing, and transcrip-tional analysis, 3026

Vi I typing phageS. typhi

generalized transduction, 5294Vi antigen

S. typhiViaB region, 4456

Vibrio anguillarumAngR

Y. enterocolitica high-molecular-weightprotein 2, homology to, 5488

Vlbrio choleraetaxRS operon

V. parahemolyticus homolog, 3844Vibrio fischericpdP

periplasmic 3':5'-cyclic dinucleotide

phosphodiesterase gene, 4615LuxR luminescence gene activator

membrane-associated protein, 7307Vibrio harveyi

acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase, 1865luminescence

autoinducer, biosynthesis and stereo-chemistry of, 3856

Vibrio parahaemolyticusdifferentiation

sigma factor controlling, 3361flagellar motor and propellergenes encoding components of, 3361

sigma factor controlling differentiation,3361

swarmer cellflagellar motor and propeller, genes

encoding components of, 3361V. cholerae toxRS operon, homolog of

thermostable direct hemolysin generegulation, 3844

Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1fatty acids

cis-trans isomerization, 916isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes,

genes encoding, 6873Vibrio vulnificusfur gene, 706

VirA proteinA. tumefaciens

elevated temperatures, lack of func-tion at, 6830

VirA-Tar chimeric receptor proteinA. tumefaciens

highly responsive state, 5706virB4 productA. tumefaciens, 1723nucleoside triphosphate binding, 1723

virB8A. tumefaciens, 887TnSvirB, 887

virB invasion regulatory geneS. flexneriH-NS, repression by, 6142VirF, activation by, 6142

VirB proteinsA. tumefaciens

subcellular localization, 5233T-DNA transport structure, 5233

virC and virD operonsA. tumefaciens

molecular intercommunication be-tween plasmid and chromosomalgenes, 3486

Ros repressor, 3486virD operonA. tumefaciens, 723

VirFS. flexnen

virB invasion regulatory gene activa-tion, 6142

vir-repressed genesB. pertussis, 519regulation, 519

Virulence genesE. coli, enteroinvasive

invX, 4817TnphoA mutagenesis, 4817

Virulence proteinsmammalian and plant pathogens

S. typhimurium FliI, relation to, 3131

visA geneE. coli

ferrochetalase, 2154heme biosynthetic pathway, final en-

zyme of, 2154Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) biosynthetic

genesS. typhiunuium

characterization, 3303VsrB regulator of virulence genes

P. solanacearumhomology to sensors of the two-com-

ponent family, 6169

W3110 and MG1655 "wild types"E. coli K-12

pyrimidine starvation due to low pyrEexpression levels, 3401

rph frameshift mutation, 3401whiG-dependent promoters

S. coelicolor, 933

Xanthan polysaccharideX. campestris

polyprenol-linked pentasaccharide re-peating unit, sequential assemblyand polymerization of, 2490

Xanthobacter flavusautotrophic CO2 fixation enzymesCbbR LysR-type transcriptional acti-

vator, 6097CbbR

autotrophic CO2 fixation enzymes,requirement for expression of,6097

LysR-type transcriptional activator,6097

CO2 fixation genesexpression in R. sphaeroides, 866

Xanthomonas campestisextracellular polysaccharide host range

and biosynthesisopsX locus, 5839

lipopolysaccharide host range and bio-synthesis

opsX locus, 5839opsX locus

extracellular polysaccharide, hostrange and biosynthesis of, 5839

lipopolysaccharide, host range andbiosynthesis of, 5839

pathogenicity, 2006xanthan polysaccharide

polyprenol-linked pentasaccharide re-peating unit, sequential assemblyand polymerization of, 2490

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestrislipopolysaccharide production

3.9-kb DNA region encoding enzymesfor dTDP-rhamnose synthesis,7786

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaepathogenicity, 2006

XcpRP. aeruginosa

ATP-binding site mutation, 4962Xcpt, -U, -V, and -W export proteins

P. aeruginosacleavage, methylation, and localiza-

tion, 4375Xenorhabdus luminescens

lipase genephase variation, 1665

VOL. 174, 1992

liv SUBJECT INDEX

XisS. lividans

excisive recombination of the SLP1element, 3075

xpr extracellular protein regulatorS. aureus

exoprotein and agr mRNA levels, ef-fect on, 7875

XylanaseF. succinogenesxynC gene, 7666

Xylanase domainR. flavefaciens xynD gene

bifunctional enzyme with separate3(1,3-1,4)-glucanase domain, 2943

xynC geneF. succinogenes

xylanase with two similar catalyticdomains, 7666

xynDR. flavefaciens

bifunctional enzyme with separate xy-

lanase and ,(1,3-1,4)-glucanasedomains, 2943

Yeast/mycelium transitionB. poitrasii

cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate,6052

Yersinia enterocoliticahigh-molecular-weight protein 2AngR of V. anguillarum, homology to,

5488nonribosomal peptide synthesis, fam-

ily of proteins involved in,5488

Yersinia pestislcrD mutations

multiple effects, 3536LcrF activator protein

thermal regulation, 7901low-calcium response

LcrG secreted protein involved in neg-

ative regulation, 3520temperature sensingLcrF activator protein translation is

thermally regulated, 7901Yersinia pseudotuberculosisabequose pathway genes, 14123,6-dideoxyhexose pathway genes,

1412

Zinc resistanceA. eutrophus, 779cnr determinant, 779

Zymomonas mobilisdnaK gene

E. coli, expression in, 3228gap-pgk operon

segmental stabilization of transcripts,2327

phosphoglyceromutase gene (pgm)E. coli, cloning, sequencing, and

expression in, 3926

J. BAcrERIOL.