AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING …gpc35.ashraepcs.org/pdf/Minutes_draft-GPC35-2014-Seattle-2014.07.pdf · the coming Winter ASHRAE Conference . ... January 26, 2015, 8:00

ASHRAE GPC 35 MINUTES (DRAFT) Method of Determining the Energy Consumption Caused by Air-Cleaning and Filtration Devices

Monday 8:00 am - 12:00 pm PST, June 30, 2014 [Room 604 (6, WSCC) Washington State Convention Center, Level 6]

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS, INC.

1791 Tullie Circle, N.E./Atlanta, GA 30329 404-636-8400

TC/TG/MTG/TRG MINUTES COVER SHEET

(Minutes of all Meetings are to be distributed to all persons listed below within 60 days following the meeting.)

TC/TG/MTG/TRG No. GPC 35 DATE 30-June-2014

TC/TG/MTG/TRG TITLE: METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION CAUSED BY AIR-CLEANING AND FILTRATION DEVICES

DATE OF MEETING 30-June-2014 LOCATION Seattle

MEMBERS PRESENT (V= Voting)

YEAR APPTD

MEMBERS ABSENT YEAR APPTD

EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS AND ADDITIONAL ATTENDANCE

Brad Stanley (Secretary), V 2013 Don Thornburg (Vice Chair), V 2013

Brian Krafthefer, V 2013 John Proctor, V 2013

Christine Sun, V 2013 Paolo Tronville, V 2013

Geoff Crosby (Chair), V 2013

Christine Stanfel, V 2013

Michael Corbat, V 2013

DISTRIBUTION All Members of TC/TG/MTG/TRG plus the following:

TAC Section Head: TAC Chair: All Committee Liaisons As Shown On TC/TG/MTG/TRG Rosters:

Mark Weber (Staff Liason)

Manager Of Standards Manager Of Research & Technical Services

Stephanie Reiniche Mike Vaughn



VISITOR ATTENDANCE LIST Name Affiliation Name Affiliation Al Veeck NAFA Mark P. Anttila Eastman Chemical Dan Haas Clarcor Matt Ball Koch Filter David Matier Freudenberg Michael Sexsmith Ahlstrom David Schaaf MWV Mick Flom 3M John Horns 3M Monroe D. Britt Green Leaf John Simenson Johns Manville Rahul Bharadwaj AAF John Zhang 3M Sanjeevk Hingorani Lennox Jol Davis Flanders Filters Thad Ptak C1 Kartik Potukuchi Graver Tim Johnson TSI Kevin Chesson Clarcor Air Tom Justice Zene Kyung-Ju Choi C & S Zied Driss Camfil SUMMARY OF MOTIONS

# Motion Vote 1 None none

SUMMARY OF ACTION ITEMS

See Assignments



MEETING MINUTES

I. CALL TO ORDER A. Meeting was called to order at 0810 hrs B. ASHRAE Code of Ethics was reviewed. C. Available at https://www.ashrae.org/about-ashrae/ashrae-code-of-ethics D. Members and Guests were introduced E. Quorum Determination (# Voting Members)

1. 3 of 9 present. Quorum was not presentF. Announcements

1. noneG. Liaisons

1. Al Veeck reported Position Paper on “Air Filtration and Health” should be comingout after approval from this ASHRAE meeting.

II. AGENDA REVIEWA. Agenda was reviewed. No modifications made.

III. MINUTES OF LAST MEETINGA. Minutes were reviewed.

1. No comments on minutes. Potentially letter ballot minutes for approval (noquorum at meeting)

B. Summary of Votes taken at interim meeting # Motion Vote 1 Approve minutes as

distributed after last meeting - Brad Stanley, motioned - Christine Sun 2nd

6-0-0-3-CV (for-against-abstain-absent-CV) – Motion Passes

2 To Adjourn - Michael Corbat, motioned - Christine Stanfel, 2nd

5-0-0-4-CV – Motion Passes

IV. UPDATES ON ACTION ITEMS FROM LAST MEETING# Action Item Owner 1 Update on Website/Webmaster? (Appointed). GKC discussion with

Mike Vaughn. - Dave Schaaf has volunteered

Geoff Crosby

2 Geoff Crosby to Contact Charlene Bayer to get information from USGBC on topics related to this GPC. - No Action

Geoff Crosby

3 Forward template of working draft to Brad Stanley - Completed

Geoff Crosby

4 Insert MTG work into working draft template where applicable. - different route will be taken, we will review the work that was done, discuss and agree upon outputs required for this GPC, then begin placing information into working draft.

Brad Stanley



# Action Item Owner 5 Circulate working draft to the Voting Members

- same as above Brad Stanley

V. V. MEMBERSHIP A. Update on Website/Webmaster?

1. Dave Schaaf has volunteered to be webmaster B. Request for Members

1. GPC 35 needs members who are users or from universities 2. Interested parties need to contact ASHRAE quickly. SPLS approval vote for

members happens on 8/22.

VI. VI. WORK PLAN REVIEW AND APPROVAL A. Working Plan working draft is in progress as separate document. Due by Sep 10,

2014 B. Action Item: Geoff Crosby

1. Evaluate current status of the Working Plan and submit as needed for ASHRAE. 2. This will most likely be handled in an interim meeting between this meeting and

the coming Winter ASHRAE Conference C. RTAR for Proposed Test Aerosol Acceptable for this Guideline

1. RTAR written, Approved by TC 2.4 and SSPC 52.2 2. RTAR-1734 Submitted May 13, 2014 to RAC for vote. Vote will occur during the

Seattle conference

VII. VII. WORKING DRAFT STANDARD A. Discussion on outputs and calculation needs required, as well as review of

previous work explored in MTG-EEC. 1. Previous outputs and calculation methods presented to the MTG EEC group were

presented. These can be found in the attached document following these minutes. 2. The committee came up with the below list as possible Outputs from the Guideline

a) Methodology (test method and calculations) b) Rating System (end user friendly) c) Annual Energy Cost (similar to Energy Star) d) Mandatory Disclaimer (end user friendly, assumptions, avoid

misleading, limitations of the guideline – variations and accuracy) e) Limit to Energy Consumption (scope of GPC, allow other items to be

handled separately – efficiency, replacement, etc.) f) Label Information (initial DP included, other items) g) These need to be reviewed by the committee during a quorum session to

evaluate what complies with our scope and voting on what are the truly desired outcomes. May need more discussion and evaluation before that vote can be taken.

VIII. OLD BUSINESS A. No old business.



IX. NEW BUSINESS

A. No new business

X. ASSIGNMENTS A. Action Item: Geoff Crosby

1. Evaluate current status of the Working Plan and submit as needed for ASHRAE. 2. This will most likely be handled in an interim meeting between this meeting and

the coming Winter ASHRAE Conference B. Action Item: Geoff Crosby

1. contact Charlene Bayer to get information from USGBC on topics related to this GPC.

C. Action Item: Geoff Crosby 1. Distribute current Title, Purpose and Scope to committee to help answer the

question “Is this method only for commercial?” D. Action Item: GPC Management

1. Can we form a research subcommittee to evaluate what other research is needed for this GPC.

E. Action Item: GPC Management 1. RTAR 1734 status update to committee. 2. Find out the impact of the following on the committee needed research: RTAR

1626 Energy Implications of Air Filtration in Commercial Buildings (Chair Phil Winters)

F. Action Item: GPC Management 1. Check if other research instead of RTAR 1734 can be required for this Guideline or

if another change of scope would be needed G. Action Item: Brian Krafthefer

1. Contact Appliance Industry to find information of how determined Energy cost / Energy Star label (assumptions, limitations, variability of assumptions, etc.)

XI. NEXT MEETING: Date, Time, Location A. Tentative Interim Meeting Date 1: Aug 18, 2014; 11 AM – 1 PM EST (Monday) B. Tentative Interim Meeting Date 2: Aug 25, 2014; 11 AM – 1 PM EST (Monday) C. Monday, January 26, 2015, 8:00 am to 12:00 pm CST Chicago, IL D. Monday, June 29, 2015, 8:00 am to 12:00 pm EST Atlanta, GA E. Monday, January 25, 2016, 8:00 am to 12:00 pm EST Orlando, FL F. Monday, June 27, 2016, 8:00 am to 12:00 pm CST St. Louis, MO

XII. Adjourn A. Meeting Adjourned

HVAC Air Filter Power RequirementsHVAC Air Filter Power RequirementsIntroduction

• Need to satisfy air filter industry request for air filtery y qenergy performance and/or rating system

• Lab tests vs “Real Life” installation conditions andactual filter performanceactual filter performance

• Necessity of continuing to refine lab tests to betterpredict actual filter performance

l ll ll l b h d l• Presently, essentially all lab test methods rely on useof ASHRAE test dust. Decades of test history available

• Development of test method and test data with dustpother than ASHRAE could be a very long process

“Willing Suspension of Disbelief”g p

MTG EEC METHOD 1 W/g METHOD

HVAC Air Filter Power RequirementsHVAC Air Filter Power Requirements

• Step 1 – Establish the ASHRAE dust fed vs filter resistance curve (from 52.2 tests or other dust loading tests)

• Step 2 ‐ Determine average filter resistance from clean to final resistance

• Step 3 – Convert air flow, average resistance, andStep 3 Convert air flow, average resistance, and fan/motor efficiency to horsepower

• Step 4 – Convert horsepower to watts• Step 5 – Calculate power requirements of the filter by• Step 5 – Calculate power requirements of the filter by

dividing the watts by the grams of dust collected (DHC)

Thi tt / (WPG) l i i di ti f hThis watts/gram (WPG) value is indicative of how efficiently the electric power was used to collect the total dust in the filter ….. The lower the WPG valve , the more power efficient is the filter (at least during lab test)power efficient is the filter (at least during lab test)


Major ShortcomingsA D f d i b d• Assumes Dust fed vs resistance curve based on laboratory ASHRAE dust loadingD id i ll i i• Does not consider installation site environments/contaminantsA i fl h h fil• Assumes constant air flow through filter

• Assumes fan/motor efficiency (or ignored )• Can not be used to calculate energy cost with out one making other significant assumptions


Major Strong PointsN d t k ti t ti i d f• No need to know or estimate time required for filter to reach final resistance in service

• All test data required is available from 52 1 52 2• All test data required is available from 52.1,52.2 or other ASHRAE dust filter loading tests

• Power requirements based on data measuredPower requirements based on data measured during determination of MERV with same filter

• Allows user to apply power values to individualAllows user to apply power values to individual site and filter conditions for energy cost calculations


Questions?/Discussions/Suggestions

MTG-ECC meeting, September 2011

Energy efficiency as driving forcein air filter standadization

We provide superior filtration solutions to improve the quality of life

in air filter standadization

Dr.-Ing. Thomas Caesar

Freudenberg Filtration Technologies KG to improve the quality of life

MTG EEC METHOD 2 EUROVENT

Energy consumption

2

tVE is Energy in kWh

1000

tpVE pis volume flow rate in m³/sis average pressure drop in Pa

t is operation time in hours is efficiency of the fan

V

is efficiency of the fan

Over one year (8760 hours), at 1 m³/s (3600 m³/h) a filter with an average pressure y ( ), ( ) g ploss of 100 Pa requires 1250 kWh if the fan efficiency is set to 70%.

The energy cost is generally greater than the filter cost, and pressure loss reduction becomes increasingly significant for energy reductions.g y g gy

Lower pressure loss by 10 Pa means 125 kWh less energy in this example.

Dr. Thomas CaesarSeptember 2011

Pressure drop as a function of time of operation

3

ttpt

p d)(1

Average pressure drop

t

uckd

iffer

enz

Energysaving

Filter A Filter B Task 1:

Determination of thessur

e dr

opDr

u

Filter replacement

Determination of the average pressure drop based on a standardized laboratory test method

Pres

BetriebsdauerTime of operation


Why a fixed operating time

If filters are run to their final pressure drop, the average pressure drop over life time is

almost fixed (only depends on slight differences in the initial pressure drop of the filters)

4

a os ed (o y depe ds o s g d e e ces e a p essu e d op o e e s)

and there is only very little room for energy saving

If customers want to save energy they have to change filters earlier, e.g. on a fixed time

base

This has to be considered by an energy calculation and rating scheme


Energy efficiency classification to EUROVENT 4/11based on EN 779 test data

5

G4 350 g ASHRAE Staub

1. Determination of the average pressure drop by ASHRAE dust loading

G4 350 g ASHRAE StaubM5 M6 250 g ASHRAE Staub

F7 F8 F9 100 g ASHRAE Staub

2. Determination of the filter class to EN 779

3. Calculation of the energy consumption

1000

tpVE

h6000t50.0

m³/h944.0V

4. Classification


EUROVENT Document 4/11:Energy efficiency classification of air filters

6

F9

— — — MTE ≥ 35% MTE ≥ 55% MTE ≥ 70%

G4 M5 M6 F7 F8

Filter class to Fpr EN 779:2010

Energy efficiency

0 – 600 kWh 0 – 650 kWh 0 – 800 kWh 0 – 1200 kWh 0 – 1600 kWh 0 – 2000 kWh

> 600 kWh – 700 kWh > 650 kWh – 780 kWh > 800 kWh – 950 kWh > 1200 kWh – 1450 kWh > 1600 kWh – 1950 kWh > 2000 kWh – 2500 kWh


Av. Δp 350 g ASHRAE Av. Δp 250 g ASHRAE Av. Δp 100 g ASHRAEclasses




> 1100 kWh > 1300 kWh > 1550 kWh > 2450 kWh > 3350 kWh > 4500 kWh

Rating values at 3400 m³/h


EUROVENT Document 4/11

7http://www.eurovent-association.eu


Summary and outlook

8 In almost all areas where depth loading filters are applied there is a trend towards higher

(mechanical) filtration efficiencies

European and international Standardization work intensifies this trend

Increasing cost pressure, shorter primary energy resources, and the imperative to reduce CO2 emissions lead at the same time to a demand for energy efficient air filters

With the Eurovent document 4/11 for the first time a common European energy efficiency classification system for air filters has been published ISO currently is developing anclassification system for air filters has been published. ISO currently is developing an international standard based on this document.

In the future the whole life cycle assessment of air filters (from the cradle to the grave) will gain increased focus.


3M Purification Inc.

3M’s Approach to Energy Rating HVAC FiltersKenneth Snider P E

Sept 12, 2011

Kenneth Snider, P.E.

© 3M 2010. All Rights Reserved.

MTG EEC METHOD 3 ENERGY RATING


3M Approach

3M does not use an energy rating system. 3M does not plan to use an energy rating system as

has been proposed.p p 3M uses a Total Cost of Ownership approach

(commercial business only).( y)

2© 3M 2010. All Rights Reserved.


What is wrong with a rating system?g g y

The current proposed rating systems do not quantify energy cost.gy

Most rating systems are modified dust holding capacity metrics.p y

Rating systems can be misleading (HVAC controls). The current proposed rating system do not account The current proposed rating system do not account

for filter change-out frequency.

3


Calculating Energy g gy

In-Situ Filter Pressure Drop and Airflow

4ttpressuretairflowEnergy *)(*)(


Calculating Energyg gy

In-Situ Filter Pressure Drop and AirflowIn-Situ Filter Pressure Drop and Airflow

5timeaveragepressureairflowEnergy *)(**


Importance of Change-out Frequencyg y

In-Situ Filter Pressure Drop and Airflow of Two Different Filters

6


Making Economic Filter Decisionsg

Filter “A” Filter “B”

Filter Cost $30 $50

Energy Cost ? ?

Labor Cost $3 $1Labor Cost $3 $1

Disposal Cost $4 $1

Shipping Cost $2 $6

Total Cost ? ?

7


Gaps in Quantifying Energy Savingsy g gy g

Predicting average airflow Predicting average pressure drop

8© 3M 2010. All Rights Reserved.


Can we Predict Average Airflow?g

9 ttpressuretairflowEnergy *)(*)(


Can we predict Average Pressure Dropg

10


Conclusion

3M does not use an energy rating system and has concerns about such a system representing reality.

ASHRAE needs to develop a robust and pstandardized calculation method to quantify the energy utilized in a filter.

ASHRAE need to fund or complete research to closing the following gaps: understanding and predicting in-situ airflow, and understanding and predicting in-situ pressure drop based

l b t t t t i d AHU h t i ti11

on laboratory test metrics and AHU characteristics.

Method 4

Below is a paste from the approved minutes of the MTG-EEC Meeting at Winter ASHRAE 2012

11. Don was asked to discuss Camfil’s approach to energy classification. However,he was not aware of this action item, so he had to work from memory. Camfil’sconcern is that we should not be using ASHRAE dust to mimic filter life. Camfil-Farr US has approached this by using data from air handlers running ambient air.They calculate an Energy Cost Index (ECI), which includes both energyconsumption and filter efficiency. Details of the process are as follows:

a. Determine average pressure drop using data from 16 different airhandlers, using constant air volume (VFD systems). This is thenconverted to a standard set of conditions.

b. This approach also involves the determination of the mean lifeefficiency (MLE).

MTG EEC METHOD 4 ENERGY COST INDEX

Method for Inclusion of Gas-Phase Filters into the Watts / Gram Method for the MTG-EEC

1. Based on Watts / Gram Method proposed by Monroe Britta. Test Method

i. For purely gas-phase filters, Run the ASHRAE 145.2 test instead of running the ASHRAE52.2 tests.

ii. For combination filters (filters that are both gas-phase and particulate filters), run bothASHRAE 52.2 and ASHRAE 145.2 tests.

b. Average resistancei. For purely gas-phase filters, average resistance will be from the ASHRAE 145.2 test

ii. For combination filters, the average resistance will be as described in Monroe Britt’smethod (based on ASHRAE 52.2 tests)

c. Calculating Power Requirementsi. Use same calculation as Monroe Britt’s method except substituting the parameters

described above appropriately.d. Capacity

i. The capacity will be grams removed of a specific gas at 50% breakthrough (CR,50) or at 4hours (CR,4h), whichever comes first, determined by ASHRAE 145.2.

e. The Gas-Phase Power Classification Index (Watts/gram)i. The Gas-Phase Power Classification will be calculated the same as Monroe Britt’s

method except substituting the parameters described above appropriately.ii. All Gas-Phase Power Classifications will be labeled with the respective gas, because gas-

phase filter performance will vary depending on the gas. For example, 0.55Watts/Gramozone

iii. Calculating the Power Classification Index1. Because gas-phase filters cannot be placed into groups such as MERV 6, MERV 8,

etc., there needs to be another step that brings into account the efficiency of thegas-phase filter. This is the Power Classification Index.

2. The Power Classification Index is calculated through dividing the PowerClassification by the ASHRAE 145.2 Initial Efficiency (E0) for the gas in question.

1. For example, a specific gas-phase filter has a Gas-Phase PowerClassification for ozone of 0.55 Watts/Gramozone.

2. The filter has an ASHRAE 145.2 Initial Efficiency (E0) of 90%.3. The Power Classification Index will be: (0.55 Watts/Gramozone) / 0.90 =

0.61 Watts/Gramozone

MTG EEC METHOD 5 - Gas-Phase – Power Classification Index (PCI)

Documents

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING …gpc35.ashraepcs.org/pdf/Minutes_draft-GPC35-2014-Seattle-2014.07.pdf · the coming Winter ASHRAE Conference . ... January 26, 2015, 8:00