UNIVERSITY OF KYRENIA

FACULTY OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICSDEPARTMENT OF

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERINGIN

PAITIAL FULFILMENT OF THE COURSECREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN ENGINEERING DESIGN (AAE102)

BY

OKWUDILI DAVID EZEK20140185

DATE: 3/23/2015

COURSE INSTRUCTOR: Dr. SULEYMAN TOLUN

ASTM International

American Society for Testing and

Materials (ASTM)

 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

CONTENTS

FORMATION/HISTORY. STARDANDS. MEMBERSHIP/ORGANISATION. STANDARDS COMPLIANCE. STUDENTS MEMBERSHIP. BENEFITS. REFRENCES

ASTM International, known until 2001 as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. The organization's headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 mile of Philadelphia. ASTM, founded in 1898 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing and Materials, predates other standards organizations such as:

BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION (BSI founded 1901),

DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FÜR NORMUNG(DIN; in English, the German Institute for Standardization)(DIN founded 1917),  AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI  founded 918) and ASSOCIATION FRANÇAISE DE NORMALISATION (AFNOR founded 1926).

FORMATION

HISTORY

A group of scientists and engineers, led by Charles Benjamin Dudley formed the American Society for Testing and Materials in 1898 to address the frequent rail breaks affecting the fast-growing railroad industry. The group developed a standard for the steel used to fabricate rails. In 2001, ASTM changed its name to ASTM International. for over a century, government, industry, academia, and consumers have turned to ASTM International for the development of global standards. ASTM standards are voluntary consensus documents that guide in research, design, manufacturing, marketing and trade. They are accepted and used around the world. Technical experts who are the members of ASTM International develop ASTM International standards. Membership in ASTM International is open to all who have an interest in the standards affecting business and industry solutions.

The standards produced by ASTM International fall into six categories:

the Standard Specification, that defines the requirements to be satisfied by subject of the standard.

the Standard Test Method, that defines the way a test is performed and the precision of the result. The result of the test may be used to assess compliance with a Standard Specification.

the Standard Practice, that defines a sequence of operations that, unlike a Standard Test Method, does not produce a result.

the Standard Guide, that provides an organized collection of information or series of options that does not recommend a specific course of action.

the Standard Classification, that provides an arrangement or division of materials, products, systems, or services into groups based on similar characteristics such as origin, composition, properties, or use.

the Terminology Standard, that provides agreed definitions of terms used in the other standards.

The quality of the standards is such that they are frequently used worldwide

STANDARDS

Membership in the organization is open to anyone with an interest in its activities. Standards are developed within committees, and new committees are formed as needed, upon request of interested members. Membership in most committees is voluntary and is initiated by the member's own request, not by appointment nor by invitation. Members are classified as users, producers, consumers, and "general interest". The latter include academics and consultants. Users include industry users, who may be producers in the context of other technical committees, and end-users such as consumers. In order to meet the requirements of anti-trust laws, producers must constitute less than 50% of every committee or subcommittee, and votes are limited to one per producer company. Because of these restrictions, there can be a substantial waiting-list of producers seeking organizational memberships on the more popular committees. Members can, however, participate without a formal vote and their input will be fully considered.As of 2014, ASTM has more than 30,000 members, including over 1,150 organizational members, from more than 150 countries. ASTM International presents several awards for contributions to standards authorship, including the ASTM International Award of Merit (the organization's highest award) ASTM International is classified by the United States Internal Revenue Service as a 501 (c)(3) nonprofit organization.

MEMBERSHIP AND ORGANIZATION

ASTM International has no role in requiring or enforcing compliance with its standards. The standards, however, may become mandatory when referenced by an external contract, corporation, or government. In the United States, ASTM standards have been adopted, by

incorporation or by reference, in many federal, state, and municipal government regulations. The National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act, passed in 1995, requires the federal government to use privately developed consensus standards whenever possible. The Act reflects what had long been recommended as best practice within the federal government.

Other governments (local and worldwide) also have referenced ASTM standards.

Corporations doing international business may choose to reference an ASTM standard.

All toys sold in the United States must meet the safety requirements of ASTM F963, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, as part of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA).

The law makes the ASTM F963 standard a mandatory requirement for toys while the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) studies the standard's effectiveness and issues final consumer guidelines for toy safety

STANDARDS COMPLIANCE

ASTM A1: Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Rails ASTM A36:  Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel ASTM A53:  Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-

Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless ASTM A105: Standard Specification for Forgings, Carbon Steel for Piping

Components B1-01: Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire B2-08: Standard Specification for Medium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire B3-01(2007): Standard Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire ASTM C 9: Cement Standards and Concrete Standards ASTM C 91-05:  Standard Specification for Masonry Cement ASTM C 150:  Standard Specification for Portland Cement ASTM D1708: Tensile Strength ASTM D256: Impact Strength ASTM D543: Chemical Resistance ASTM D570: Water Absorption ASTM D2240: Hardness ASTM E779: Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by

Fan Pressurization ASTM E1417: Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing ASTM E1444: Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing ASTM F 963: Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety ASTM F3060-14: Standard Terminology for Aircraft G16: Standard Guide for Corrosion-Related Failure Analysis G4: Standard Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field

Applications.

 LIST OF ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

It enhances students skills and gains an edge before entering today’s competitive technical and business environment.

Offers students new doors to exciting, new learning and firsthand information, gain in knowledge, personal contacts, and exposure that will enhance students skills and play an invaluable role in jumpstarting students career.

Student members receives a bimonthly electronic transmission of Standardization News (SN), official magazine, ASTM e-news, monthly electronic newsletters that features the latest happenings at ASTM International, including technical committee news, publications, meetings, symposia etc.

Students will be able to attend ASTM International Symposia free of charge, where you’ll learn about original research in the field of standardization, and participate in informal discussions with technical experts and business leaders.

Reduced Membership Fee Upon Graduation(a reduced fee of US$25 for the first year of professional membership in ASTM International.)

Students will eligible to participate in contests, scholarship opportunities, and ASTM sponsored awards.

And also, students members learn how standards are developed and used.

BENEFITS OF ASTM TO STUDENTS (STUDENT MEMBERSHIP)

• http://www.astm.org/search/fullsitesearch.html?query=aeronautics&

• http://www.astm.org/studentmember/For_Students.html

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTM_International

•  http://www.astm.org/ABOUT/history_book.html

• http://www.astm.org/MEMBERSHIP

NOTES AND REFERENCES

THANKS FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION