AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute

AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute

LogooftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute

Abbreviation ANSI

Formation May14,1918(97yearsago)[1]

Purpose Nationalstandards

Headquarters Washington,D.C.,UnitedStates

Membership 125,000companiesand3.5millionprofessionals[2]

Officiallanguage

English

Website www.ansi.org

FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

"AmericanStandardsAssociation"and"ANSI"redirecthere.Forthefilmspeedscale,seeASAfilmspeed.Forotheruses,seeANSI(disambiguation).

TheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI,/nsi/ANsee)isaprivatenonprofitorganizationthatoverseesthedevelopmentofvoluntaryconsensusstandardsforproducts,services,processes,systems,andpersonnelintheUnitedStates.[3]TheorganizationalsocoordinatesU.S.standardswithinternationalstandardssothatAmericanproductscanbeusedworldwide.Forexample,standardsensurethatpeoplewhoowncamerascanfindthefilmtheyneedforthatcameraanywherearoundtheglobe.

ANSIaccreditsstandardsthataredevelopedbyrepresentativesofotherstandardsorganizations,governmentagencies,consumergroups,companies,andothers.Thesestandardsensurethatthecharacteristicsandperformanceofproductsareconsistent,thatpeopleusethesamedefinitionsandterms,andthatproductsaretestedthesameway.ANSIalsoaccreditsorganizationsthatcarryoutproductorpersonnelcertificationinaccordancewithrequirementsdefinedininternationalstandards.[4]

Theorganization'sheadquartersareinWashington,DC.ANSI'soperationsofficeislocatedinNewYorkCity.TheANSIannualoperatingbudgetisfundedbythesaleofpublications,membershipduesandfees,accreditationservices,feebasedprograms,andinternationalstandardsprograms.

Contents[hide]

1History2Members3Process4Internationalactivities

4.1Standardspanels4.2Americannationalstandards4.3Otherinitiatives

5Seealso6References7Externallinks

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History [edit]ANSIwasoriginallyformedin1918,whenfiveengineeringsocietiesandthreegovernmentagenciesfoundedtheAmericanEngineeringStandardsCommittee(AESC).In1928,theAESCbecametheAmericanStandardsAssociation(ASA).In1966,theASAwasreorganizedandbecametheUnitedStatesofAmericaStandardsInstitute(USASI).Thepresentnamewasadoptedin1969.

Priorto1918,thesefivefoundingengineeringsocieties:

AmericanInstituteofElectricalEngineers(AIEE,nowIEEE)AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers(ASME)

AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers(ASCE)AmericanInstituteofMiningEngineers(AIME,nowAmericanInstituteofMining,Metallurgical,andPetroleumEngineers)

AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(nowASTMInternational)

hadbeenmembersoftheUnitedEngineeringSociety(UES).AtthebehestoftheAIEE,theyinvitedtheU.S.governmentDepartmentsofWar,Navy(combinedin1947tobecometheDepartmentofDefenseorDOD)andCommerce[5]tojoininfoundinganationalstandardsorganization.

AccordingtoPaulG.Agnew,thefirstpermanentsecretaryandheadofstaffin1919,AESCstartedasanambitiousprogramandlittleelse.Staffforthefirstyearconsistedofoneexecutive,CliffordB.LePage,whowasonloanfromafoundingmember,ASME.Anannualbudgetof$7,500wasprovidedbythefoundingbodies.

In1931,theorganization(renamedASAin1928)becameaffiliatedwiththeU.S.NationalCommitteeoftheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC),whichhadbeenformedin1904todevelopelectricalandelectronicsstandards.[6]

Members [edit]ANSI'smembershipcomprisesgovernmentagencies,organizations,corporations,academicandinternationalbodies,andindividuals.Intotal,theInstituterepresentstheinterestsofmorethan125,000companiesand3.5millionprofessionals.[2]

Process [edit]ThoughANSIitselfdoesnotdevelopstandards,theInstituteoverseesthedevelopmentanduseofstandardsbyaccreditingtheproceduresofstandardsdevelopingorganizations.ANSIaccreditationsignifiesthattheproceduresusedbystandardsdevelopingorganizationsmeettheInstitute'srequirementsforopenness,balance,consensus,anddueprocess.

ANSIalsodesignatesspecificstandardsasAmericanNationalStandards,orANS,whentheInstitutedeterminesthatthestandardsweredevelopedinanenvironmentthatisequitable,accessibleandresponsivetotherequirementsofvariousstakeholders.[7]

Voluntaryconsensusstandardsquickenthemarketacceptanceofproductswhilemakingclearhowto

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improvethesafetyofthoseproductsfortheprotectionofconsumers.Thereareapproximately9,500AmericanNationalStandardsthatcarrytheANSIdesignation.

TheAmericanNationalStandardsprocessinvolves:

consensusbyagroupthatisopentorepresentativesfromallinterestedpartiesbroadbasedpublicreviewandcommentondraftstandards

considerationofandresponsetocommentsincorporationofsubmittedchangesthatmeetthesameconsensusrequirementsintoadraftstandard

availabilityofanappealbyanyparticipantallegingthattheseprincipleswerenotrespectedduringthestandardsdevelopmentprocess.

Internationalactivities [edit]InadditiontofacilitatingtheformationofstandardsintheUnitedStates,ANSIpromotestheuseofU.S.standardsinternationally,advocatesU.S.policyandtechnicalpositionsininternationalandregionalstandardsorganizations,andencouragestheadoptionofinternationalstandardsasnationalstandardswhereappropriate.

TheInstituteistheofficialU.S.representativetothetwomajorinternationalstandardsorganizations,theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO),asafoundingmember,[8]andtheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC),viatheU.S.NationalCommittee(USNC).ANSIparticipatesinalmosttheentiretechnicalprogramofboththeISOandtheIEC,andadministersmanykeycommitteesandsubgroups.Inmanyinstances,U.S.standardsaretakenforwardtoISOandIEC,throughANSIortheUSNC,wheretheyareadoptedinwholeorinpartasinternationalstandards.

Standardspanels [edit][9]TheInstituteadministersninestandardspanels:

ANSIHomelandDefenseandSecurityStandardizationCollaborative(HDSSC)ANSINanotechnologyStandardsPanel(ANSINSP)

IDTheftPreventionandIDManagementStandardsPanel(IDSP)ANSIEnergyEfficiencyStandardizationCoordinationCollaborative(EESCC)

NuclearEnergyStandardsCoordinationCollaborative(NESCC)ElectricVehiclesStandardsPanel(EVSP)ANSINAMNetworkonChemicalRegulation

ANSIBiofuelsStandardsCoordinationPanelHealthcareInformationTechnologyStandardsPanel(HITSP)

Eachofthepanelsworkstoidentify,coordinate,andharmonizevoluntarystandardsrelevanttotheseareas.

In2009,ANSIandtheNationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(NIST)formedtheNuclearEnergyStandardsCoordinationCollaborative(NESCC).NESCCisajointinitiativetoidentifyandrespondtothecurrentneedforstandardsinthenuclearindustry.

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Americannationalstandards [edit]TheASA(asforAmericanStandardsAssociation)photographicexposuresystem,originallydefinedinASAZ38.2.1(since1943)andASAPH2.5(since1954),togetherwiththeDINsystem(DIN4512since1934),becamethebasisfortheISOsystem(since1974),currentlyusedworldwide(ISO6,ISO2240,ISO5800,ISO12232).Astandardforthesetofvaluesusedtorepresentcharactersindigitalcomputers.TheANSIcodestandardextendedthepreviouslycreatedASCIIsevenbitcodestandard(ASAX3.41963),withadditionalcodesforEuropeanalphabets(seealsoExtendedBinaryCodedDecimalInterchangeCodeorEBCDIC).InMicrosoftWindows,thephrase"ANSI"referstotheWindowsANSIcodepages(eventhoughtheyarenotANSIstandards).[10]Mostofthesearefixedwidth,thoughsomecharactersforideographiclanguagesarevariablewidth.SincethesecharactersarebasedonadraftoftheISO8859series,someofMicrosoft'ssymbolsarevisuallyverysimilartotheISOsymbols,leadingmanytofalselyassumethattheyareidentical.Thefirstcomputerprogramminglanguagestandardwas"AmericanStandardFortran"(informallyknownas"FORTRAN66"),approvedinMarch1966andpublishedasASAX3.91966.

TheprogramminglanguageCOBOLhadANSIstandardsin1968,1974,and1985.TheCOBOL2002standardwasissuedbyISO.TheoriginalstandardimplementationoftheprogramminglanguageCwasstandardizedasANSIX3.1591989,becomingthewellknownANSIC.

ApopularUnifiedThreadStandardfornutsandboltsisANSI/ASMEB1.1whichwasdefinedin1935,1949,1989,and2003.TheANSINSFInternationalstandardsusedforcommercialkitchens,suchasrestaurants,cafeterias,delis,etc.TheANSI/APSP(AssociationofPool&SpaProfessionals)standardsusedforpools,spas,hottubs,barriers,andsuctionentrapmentavoidance.

TheANSI/HI(HydraulicInstitute)standardsusedforpumps.TheANSIforeyeprotectionisZ87.1,whichgivesaspecificimpactresistanceratingtotheeyewear.Thisstandardiscommonlyusedforshopglasses,shootingglasses,andmanyotherexamplesofprotectiveeyewear.TheANSIpapersizes(ANSI/ASMEY14.1).

Otherinitiatives [edit]In2008ANSI,inpartnership[11]withCitationTechnologies,createdthefirstdynamic,onlineweblibraryforISO14000standards.[12]

OnJune23,2009ANSIannouncedaproductandservicesagreementwithCitationTechnologiestodeliverallISOStandardsonawebbasedplatform.ThroughtheANSICitationpartnership,17,765InternationalStandardsdevelopedbymorethan3,000ISOtechnicalbodieswillbemadeavailableonthecitationplatform,armingsubscriberswithpowerfulsearchtoolsandcollaboration,notification,andchangemanagementfunctionality.[13]

ANSI,inpartnershipwithCitationTechnologies,AAMI,ASTM,andDIN,createdasingle,centralized

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databaseformedicaldevicestandardsonSeptember9,2009.[14]

Inearly2009,ANSIlaunchedanewCertificateAccreditationProgram(ANSICAP)toprovideneutral,thirdpartyattestationthatagivencertificateprogrammeetstheAmericanNationalStandardASTME265909.

In2009,ANSIbeganacceptingapplicationsforcertificationbodiesseekingaccreditationaccordingtorequirementsdefinedundertheToySafetyCertificationProgram(TSCP)astheofficialthirdpartyaccreditorofTSCPsproductcertificationbodies.In2006,ANSIlaunchedwww.StandardsPortal.org ,anonlineresourceforfacilitatingmoreopenandefficienttradebetweeninternationalmarketsintheareasofstandards,conformityassessment,andtechnicalregulations.ThesitecurrentlyfeaturescontentforChina,India,andKorea,withadditionalcountriesandregionsplannedforfuturecontent.

ANSIdesignstandardshavealsobeenincorporatedintobuildingcodesencompassingseveralspecificbuildingsubsets,suchastheANSI/SPRIES1,whichpertainsto"WindDesignStandardforEdgeSystemsUsedWithLowSlopeRoofingSystems",forexample.[15]

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