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American Lit. Vocabulary Unit 1. a pprobation. n. the expression of approval or praise s yn. approval, Commendation, sanction ant. disapproval, censure. Saban gives his team another sign of approbation as they win the National T itle. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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American LitVocabulary Unit
1
approbation
n. the expression of approval or praise
syn. approval,Commendation, sanction
ant. disapproval, censureSaban gives his team another sign of approbation as they win the National Title.HINT: a = not, without; If you have people’s approbation, you will
most likely NOT be on PROBATION (a state or period of being on test or trial)
assuagev. to make easier or
milder, to calm or to quench, to appease or satisfy
syn. mitigate, alleviate
ant. Intensify, aggravate, exacerbate
Granny can
assuage your hunger with a homemade Jimmy Dean sausage and biscuit..
coalitionn. a combination, union or merger
syn. alliance, league,
ant. splinter group
The United States created the coalition that defeated Saddam Hussein in the Gulf War.HINT: co = with; The United Nations is a coalition of world leader representatives developed to try to keep world order.
decadence n. decline and decay; a period of decline and decay; excessive self indulgence syn. Degeneration
ant. rise, growth, development
SENTENCESome musicians may experience a time of
decadence if they only produce a one-hit wonder.
HINT: If you eat a chocolate bar every day for a decade, your desire for chocolate (or at least your figure) will likely decay; mmmmm….give me a bowl of Chocolate Decadence ice cream!!!
elicitv. to draw forth or to bring out from
some source
syn. Call forth, evoke, extract,Educe
ant. Repress, quash, stifle
SENTENCE
A teacher’s question may elicit several responses from the class.
HINT: When investigators elicit a confession, they must licit (listen ;-0) very closely.
expostulatev. to attempt to
dissuadesomeone from course or decision by earnest
reasoning
syn. Protest, remonstrate, complain
Though it was a scorching 98 degrees outside, Bernie dressed in the chicken outfit in an attempt to
expostulate against the harmful effects of eating fast food.
HINT: ex = out, away, from. POST a notice before it’s too LATE to get them out or away from what they are doing.
hackneyedadj. Used so often as to lack
freshness or originality
syn. banal, trite, common place, corny
ant. new, fresh, novel, original
“to be honest”“actually”“don’t just talk the talk; you got to walk the walk”“when I get around to it”“the fact of the matter is”“in conclusion”“first of all”
Ms. Thompson said I must “hack”
away at the hackneyed phrases in my essay if I expected to earn an A.
HINT: in the old days, you would hire a hackney (a coach for hire drawn by horses) to get you from one place to another; that idea, today, is rather banal or commonplace (so are the cabs/taxis that carry people – yuck!)
hiatusn. a gap, an opening, or a
break
syn. pause, lacuna
ant. continuity, continuation
Joe’s doctor informed him that he
would need to take a hiatus from table tennis for about ten weeks since he broke his arm while trying to carry his girlfriend’s purse.
innuendon. A hint or indirect
suggestion or reference (often in a derogatory sense)
syn. Insinuation or intimation
ant. direct statement
The gangster’s innuendo, “Nice store you got there. Would be a real shame if something happened to it,” made me cringe.
intercedev. To plead on behalf of
someone else; to serve as a third party or go-between in a disagreement
syn. intervene, mediate
Since Hailey and Casey could not get a long, my brother-in-law decided to intercede and tape the two of them together!
HINT: inter = between; cede = withdraw, yield
jadedAdj. wearied, worn-out,
dulledsyn. Sated, surfeited,
cloyedant. Unspoiled, uncloyed
The jaded Aerosmith fan had seen the show fifty times.
HINT: jade used to be a popular stone; today, most jaded jewelry is worn out and dull due to excessive wear; the same can happen to people – when you’ve done something so long you’re terribly tired of doing it, you are said to be jaded – even if it started out as a good thing
luridadj. causing shock, horror, or revulsion; pale in color; lack of restraint
syn. gruesome, gory, grisly, ghastly
ant. pleasant, attractive, appealing, wholesome
The clown’s lurid appearance frightened Jesse so much that he could not sleep alone at night for three solid days.
HINT: the lurid details of a gruesome scene tend to lure people in; hence the fascination with ‘slasher’ movies
meritoriousadj. worthy, deserving
recognition, or praise
syn. praiseworthy, laudable, commendable
ant. blameworthy, reprehensible, discreditable
In recognition of all hermeritorious efforts in the reliefwork, Dresden received acertificate.
HINT: merit = reward; scouts earn merit badges for a job well done
petulant
adj. peevish, annoyed by trifles, easily irritated and upset
syn. Irritable, testy, waspish
ant. even-tempered, placid, serene, amiable
Acting like a petulanttortoise, Tommy decided to crawl home rather thanmake amends with the red
globidydook.HINT: when your treat your children like pampered pets, they are likely to become petulant (and very annoying!!!)
prerogativen. a special right or privilege; a special
quality showing excellence
syn. perk, perquisite
Brittany Spears thinks she has aprerogative to change her mindabout going on tour, despite the factthat thousands of fans have alreadybought their tickets.
Continued on next slide
prerogativeChorus of “My Prerogative” by Bobby Brown
Everybody’s talking all this stuff about meWhy don’t they just let me live?Tell me why I don’t need commissionMake my own decisionsThat’s my prerogativeIt’s my prerogative (it’s my prerogative)
It’s the way that I wanna live (it’s my prerogative)I can do just what I feel (it’s my prerogative)No one can tell me what to do (it’s my prerogative)Cause what I’m doing I’m doing for you
provincialadj. pertaining to an outlying area,
local, narrow in mind or outlook, countrified in the sense of being limited and backward
n. A person with a narrow point of view
syn. narrow-minded, parochial, insular, naïve
Ant. cosmopolitan, broad-minded
The Puritans cast their provincial eyes on Hester as she tightly holds Pearl.
HINT: province = in a country, everything except the cities
simulatev. to make a pretense
of; to imitate, to show the outer signs of
syn. feign, pretend, affect
The video game SIMS simulates real life. Even the settings are realistic!
HINT: sim = same
transcendv. to rise above or beyond; exceed
syn. surpass, outstrip
Sister Madonna Buder
transcended everyone’sexpectations. As the oldesttriathlete, Sister Madonna hascompeted in more than 300 racesand is 78 years young!
HINT: trans = across; Middle English, from Latin transcendere to climb across, transcend, from trans- + scandere to climb; opposite of descend
umbragen. shade cast by trees;
foliage giving shade; an overshadowing influence or power; offense, resentment; a vague suspicion
syn. irritation, pique, annoyance
ant. Pleasure, delight, satisfaction
One of my fondest childhood memories is when all of my family would gather underneath the umbrage of a Mimosa tree to shell peas and listen to my grandparents’ storytelling.
HINT: like an UMBRella, umbrage tends to cover, or overshadow
unctuousadj. excessively smooth
or smug; trying too and to give an impression of earnestness, sincerity or piety; fatty, oily, pliable
syn. mealymouthed, servile, fawning, greasy
ant. Gruff, bluntBeing naïve, I looked past his
unctuous behavior and said yes when he asked me out.
unctuous
Unctuous describes a person who has many of the same characteristics as an unction or ointment: appearing to help, greasy, smooth Continued on next slide
• HINT: an unction is an ointment or unguent used for healing or rituals; an ointment is made by combining a greasy, fatty substance (like Vaseline) with medicines or herbs
Professor Severus Snape