American History

Chapter 7.2The Early Stages

1st Battle of Bull Run

1st major battle

• Families from Washington, D.C. picnicked while they watched the battle.

• Stonewall Jackson led reinforcements to defeat the Union Army,

• It was going to be a long, bloody war.

New Orleans

David Farragut captured the South’s largest city and a center of cotton trade.

The victory gave the North control of the lower Mississippi River.

Ulysses S. Grant

Union General in the West early in the Civil War

“I can’t spare this man; he fights. “ -- Lincoln

The War in the West*the only bright spot for Union early in the war

Fort Henry & Fort Donelson

• Kentucky and W. Tennessee came under Union control.

Shiloh

• Took control of the Upper Mississippi River

• 20,000 killed or wounded

• Grant made a name for himself.

George B. McClellan

Although he was a good organizer—he could get armies ready to fight . . .

the press nicknamed him Mac the unready . . .

because he was hesitant to pursue and/or actually fight. He was too cautious.

The War in the Eastmany victories for the Confederacy

McClellan’s Peninsula Campaign

• McClellan hoped to moved troops by ship and march to Richmond.

Seven Days’ Battle

• General Lee forced McClellan back to Washington, D.C.

He let his troops be divided, and his troops received many casualties from General Johnston. General Lee took over when Johnson was wounded.

The 2nd Battle of Bull Run was also a Confederate victory.

Antietam

The bloodiest one-day battle in U.S. history : 25,000 casualties

• It showed Lee could be defeated AND the British would not support the South.

• McClellan was fired.

• Finally, Lincoln could put an end to slavery.

Lee decided to invade the North & attack Washington.

Emancipation ProclamationOld goal:• PRESERVE THE UNION

New goal:• FREE THE SLAVES

Slaves in rebel states would be free on January 1, 1863 -- NOT the border states.

• Wanted to hurt the Southern economy AND bring blacks into the fight