AMD WP Virtualizing Server Workloads-PID

8/14/2019 AMD WP Virtualizing Server Workloads-PID

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AMD W Pap: Vua Sv Wooads

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VIRTUALIZING SERVER WORKLOADS

AMD White PAPer

Advacs adwa vuaao coo a ma poss o vua a v-wd a o x86-

asd sv wooads. ts as movd sv vuaao ou o s adoa doma o s ad dvopm

voms ad m o sp o msso-cca ps appcaos, ma mpav o xpad

do o wooads a a sua o vuaao.

i s o o ou o cosd som wooads ( ad p sa, W svs, ad os) as sua o

vuaao w caoca u ou vua os (suc as daaass ad -ma svs). ev

poduco sv wooad as dsc pomac caacscs soa, pocss pow, ad mmo

qums a ac sua o v uaao. Moov, d wooads qu u sd sd a

s oaao o sam adwa a a sua o vuaao o dvdua, cosu

wooads, s aa o s mad wooads u o a dms ocs o sv

vuaao. Udsad ad a o cosdao pomac caacscs o ac o wooads,

as w as wooads a as a cocv wo, ca p ud coc o a sua adwa paom.

Addoa, adwa acms av oadd do o wa s poss w vuaao.

Advacs suc as adwa-asssd vuaao, mu-co pocssos, suppo o as ad a amous

o mmo, pu/oupu (i/O) mpovms, ad os av a xpadd wooad ucoa vua

macs.

i s w pap, w dscuss poa ocs a oaaos pca cou: mmo

uao, pocsso uao, ad i/O ac. W oo a pomac caacscs o sv

wooads a ca succssu vuad, ad w dscuss ow a awass o pomac

caacscs o a pacua wooad ca p om a vuaao sa. W aso xam

mpovms vuaao adwa a a ma poss o vua a cas wd a o

wooads.

LOOKING BEYOND CURRENT ASSUMPTIONS


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTrOduCTION 3

Why VirtUAlize? 3

SUitAble WOrklOADS 3

CONSIdErATIONS FOr VIrTuALIzINg SErVEr WOrkLOAdS 4

COMMOn bOttleneCkS 4

h CPU Usa 4

h Mmo rqums 5

h ipu/Oupu tac 5

tyPiCAl WOrklOADS 6

Daaas Wooads 6

W Sv Wooads 7

tma Svs 7

F ad P Svs 7

Vuad Dsops 7

e-ma Wooads 8

COmBININg WOrkLOAdS 8

AddrESSINg ThE ChALLENgES 9

hArDWAre-ASSiSteD VirtUAlizAtiOn 9

MUlti-COre PrOCeSSOrS 10

hArDWAre PAge tAbleS VirtUAlizAtiOn 10

i/O VirtUAlizAtiOn 10

CAPACity PlAnning tOOlS 11

INduSTry ExAmpLES 11

CONCLuSION 12

AppENdIx: Amd AdVANTAgES 13

DireCt COnneCt ArChiteCtUre 13

AMD VirtUAlizAtiOn (AMD-V) teChnOlOgy 13


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INTrOduCTION

Oaaos ac da cas o av o

do mo w ss: duc dowm, spod quc

o w avs, ad cas pomac, a

w p coss dow. Ma av oud sv

vuaao o a cv appoac os a

pov wa o cas qupm uao, duc

maam ad admsav coss, mpov

avaa o svcs ad soucs, ad povd a

fx asucu a ca quc adapd o

ca ds o usss.

Why VirtUAlize?

t adoa o-appcao-p-sv dpom

posop o ads o us o mup svs,

ma o m o u ud. t ava svuao a ps vom ca v ow,

av muc o avaa capac uusd. Ma

cusoms po CPU uao as 1015

pc a: v 5 o 10 pc uao as a

o ucommo.

Vuaao coo o o addsss sv

uduao, u ca aso povd addoa s

suc as mpovd maaa ad a duco o

pow ad coo coss.

W vuaao, mup wooads u o

d psca macs ca cosodad oo

dvdua vua macs (VMs) osd o a s

psca sv, ass uusd compu

pow. rduc um o psca svs ca

duc capa coss, daa c compx, ad

admsav coss. Fw svs ca aso duc

it asucu oop ad assocad u

coss om pow ad coo.

Vuaao povds xcuo soao ad

svc paos a a dsa ma usa

scaos. Addoa, sv vuaao ca

ac usss cou sas. Vua

macs a poa, so wooads

ca asd o o psca svs du

maac o upad qupm o appcao

aus.

Vuaao aso as usss a. Sv

asucu ca quc modd o m ca

ds o p addss w usss oppous. ts

ca cca w wooads, suc as W-asd

appcaos, a updca.

SUitAble WOrklOADS

Som wooads a aua caddas o

vuaao. ga appcao svs, o xamp,a as o vua caus a usua o

uquo spcad accus a qud ad

o spca qums d o m. W svs

a ao pm vuaao cadda: t a

oma ow souc uao ad as o mov

aoud, ou ma qu mo pa a

appcao svs.

O wooads, owv, pos mo o a ca,

pacua os w mmo ad ds i/O ds.

U c, oaaos w s wooads

dd o avod vuaao.

tadoa was a som wooads jus

coud o cv vuad. ts o ,

owv, dos o a o accou ac a

wooads, v o sam p, ca va a.

O daaas, o xamp, ca d sca

s ad pomac qums om ao;

s s u o v p o sv wooad.

Sv wooads ca caacd soa,

pocss pow, ad mmo qums; s s

caacscs a om sua o vuaao,

ad o wooad p.

i d wooads a u sd sd

a s oaao o sam adwa,

amaamao o s wooads u o

o sam sv dms ocs o

sv vuaao, a a caacscs o

dvdua, cosu wooads. Udsad

ad cosd pomac caacscs

o dvdua wooads, as w as os o

wooads a as a wo, dms sua

o vuaao ad ca p ud coc o a

sua vuaao sa.

Addoa, advacs adwa paoms a owma poss o oaaos w a wd a

o sv wooads o ap s o v uaao.

Ma sv wooads a w pvous dcu o

v mposs o vua ca ow u succssu

o vua macs. ts advacs cud

adwa-asssd vuaaoacms o

adwa paom a mpov pomac o a

vua vomas w as mu-co pocssos,

suppo o as mmo a quas, i/O

mpovms, ad os.


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ts adwa acms av a

xpadd wooad ucoa VMs, wc u

s caus oaaos o vuaao

sas. b com awa o wa s avaa adudsad pomac caacscs o

sv wooads, it admsaos o cca dcso

mas ca vaua sua o vom

o vuaao.

CONSIdErATIONS FOr VIrTuALIzINg

SErVEr WOrkLOAdS

i pas, pca it pacc oowd o

appcao, o sv appoac: O pc o

adwa ad a opa ssm w ddcad o

ac sca appcao. ts appoac s smp

sc appcaos pca qu ud sowa

(suc as aoa daaas maam ssms,

appcao svs, ad W svs), s o ss

compcad o maa appcao v s

sad o a s, ddcad compu. ts appoac

aso mas as o aoca ou pocss

pow ad oom o ow. Fa, ass a s

appcao p sv sus adqua soao o

appcaos. t dau pacc ma oaaos

s o p mpoa appcaos o dvdua svs

so a a appcao cass ad s dow

opa ssm, o appcaos a o aso

acd.

ts aso s o o appopa o odas

adwa vom. Svs a ow so powu

a u a s appcao o a sv s wasu

o pocss pow ad ads o ucssa sv

spaw. A poao o svs cas udd

cosqucs, suc as maam compxs,

ovwod it dpams, ad daa cs a

opa a m o psca capac. W

ussss do o u u ucoa o

svs, su ca sow accss o daa, a

dowm s, ad casd opa coss.

Vuaao ca us pow o odas svs

mo c; s uqu sud o addss

ma ssus a oaaos commo ac.

COMMOn bOttleneCkS

Vuaao uss muao o ca a ss o vua

macs a opa as spaa adwa dvcs,

u a ac u o a s ssm; us, a s

PC ca u mup opa ssms (o mup

sacs o sam opa ssm) a sam

m. W som couaos, s dmads muc

mo om ssm a was a dsd o

ad ca ad o pomac dadao: suaos

w o m s cosa ova ssmpomac.

HIGH CPU USAGE

U c, ma cosa w vuaao

as pomac, o pocss pow o

os compu. ru vua macs ca

povd sca advaas, u assocad

ovad ca aso cosum a a poo o CPU

pocss ccs, duc wooad pomac.

Svs av adoa dsd so a

CPU us o opa ssm, w o s o

appcaos ad o s o uss. W vuaao,

a sam CPU s asd o ad mupopa ssms, mup ss o appcaos, ad

mup ss o uss. hsoca, covoa wsdom

as sow a a CPU-sv as s u o

a vua maco xamp, dx a mu-mo

cod aoa daaas w pomac

dadao acoss a o svs vom.

i u, owv, CPU ds a o ass

o sov. rc-ao compus av

ou avaa pocss pow o su a

pocsso s ss o pomac

oc ssm.

Po o oduco o adwa-asssd

vuaao, x86 pocssos w dsd o

o opa ssm, o sv mod;

assumd a a s opa ssm was u

o a s psca sv ad ad accss o a

soucs o a sv. t as ao

o pocssos, owv, s dsd spcca o

suppo vuaao mod, ma poss o

sv wooads w pomac qums

o vuad. t pocsso assss vuaao

ofoad som o pocss om

sowa o adwa, mpov cc

o mpmao. A xamp o s s AMD

Vuaao coo, o AMD-V.

Dua-co ad quad-co pocssos a wd

avaa om AMD ad o mauacus, ad soo

w mu-co pocssos w v

pocsso ds; s pocssos ca p a daa

c cosum ss pow ad qu ss coo,

povd a xc as o vuaao.


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HIGH MEMORY REQUIREMENTS

tou ca as o ocus o pocss pow,

om a cos pspcv, mmo ad i/O ca muc

mo xpsv o povso. Mu-co CPUs caduc cos p pocsso co, u mmo cos

s mas a a pmum. i ac, mmo s o

cca souc o vuaao; ca mos

commo oc o vuaao pomac ad s

o mos dcu o accommoda adwa.

tadoa s a amou o mmo

spac a s qud o vua a vom ca

pov. A vua PC u a ac vso

o Mcoso Wdows nt 4.0 as a us opa

ssm qus aou 1.5 gb o ds spac ad 128 Mb

o rAM. Fo VM, ou 2 gb o ds spac ad

amos 200 Mb o rAM mus addd jus o ssm up ad u.

Mod svs com w up o 2 gb o mo o

mmomo a ou o mos appcao oads,

spca a o appcao, o sv mod. W

vuaao, owv, a sv ma suppo 10 o mo

VMsso add 1 gb p VM (a pca amou o add)

mas a a mo mmo s dd o adqua

pomac.

Maa a o s mmo ca aso dmad sca

soucs. t opa ssms mus maa pa

as o asa vua mmo pa o psca

mmo addsss. U c, us opa

ssm u o a VM coud o s sadow pa

aspa as a a o a muad mmo

maam u (MMU)ad ad o accss o

a pa as. t a pa as, maad

vua mac maa (VMM), a o a MMU.

Mod ad adjus sadow pa as s

xm CPU-sv ad o sus sca

ovad. i ac, w mmo-sv appcaos,

mmo maam accous o as pa o

vuaao pomac pa.

i spos, AMD c oducd rapd

Vuaao idx (rVi) as pa o AMD-V

Quad-Co AMD Opo pocssos; s au

ps o ma d o us sadow pa as

ad mpovs pomac o ma mmo-

sv vuad appcaos.

Commo cqus a suppo VM wooads a

aso mmo-sv. Mcasms o maa

mmo cud a aoo cqu a cams

pas a a cosdd as vaua o VM

opa ssm, as w as co-asd pa

sa ad o i/O pa mapp, o o wc

ca p ma dudac ad duc copovads.

Advacs adwa coo av aso pd

o ma poss o wooads w mmo

qums o vuad. AMD mu-co

pocssos w u- ad mmo coos

a dsd spcca o maxm pomac

o mmo-sv vuaao voms.

Vuaao xsos suc as AMD ad

asao ooasd u (ad tlb) ad rapd

Vuaao idx p mpov pomac

assocad w maa mmo o d

us opa ssms u o a s pscasva mo c swc w

vua macs maa mapps o

dvdua mmo spac o ac VM.

HIGH INPUT/OUTPUT TRAFFIC

Compu ssms a sca amous o

daa, ad add vuaao compouds suao:

to, i/O s a sca cosdao vuad

voms. W s poss o add CPUs o

upad o mu-co CPUs a v uad sv ds

addoa CPU pow, s mo dcu o upad

mmo adwd, soa hadwa bus Adaps

(hbA), ad cpss, a o wc a a sad

a o vua macs.

i sowa vuaao, pvso sowa aps

mac opaos a opa ssm

uss o pom i/O opaos o o ad o mod

ssms saus. t pvso muas s

opaos sowa, ad us saus cods a

a coss w wa a adwa woud

av dvd a av vom. ts suco

app ad muao s cssa mmo

woud coupd opa ssm d

o suc adwa o pom dc mmo

accss (DMA) caus adwa cao dsus

dc w vua addss mapp

(usd us opa ssm) ad psca

addss mappu ca duc ova ssm

pomac i/O sv voms. Fo s

aso, ovad ca muc w i/O-

sv wooads a w os a a compu-

sv o mmo-sv.


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Wooads a av a amou o i/O ac av

us o cosdd o ood caddas o

vuaao adoa. idd, oupu s o

pma m aco w mpm a vuaaosouo.

i/O cosas aso mpac ds o ac-d

soa. W vua a poduco daa c,

wod soa s a cca m o cosd.

i dvopm ad s voms, vuad

appcaos a pca u w oca ds o dc-

aacd rAiD soa. i poduco daa cs,

owv, VMs d o wo w ps-cass

soa aa wo (SAn) o wo aacd soa

(nAS) a s sad acoss a a o appcaos ad

wooads. Sc soa s o i/O, s mpoa o

su a i/O wooads qud svdoma ca add a o ms o

soa doma, cud hbA, soa ac,

ad soa aa.

Pomac ssus vuad sv voms

a o su o a msmac w o-d

wooads ad ac-d soa; coo o

sad soa soucs ca caus i/O ocs

a ad o quu acos ad poo d-o-d

spos m. i ma poss o add addoa VMs

o a v sv, u s ma ovoad soa a.

eps soa s o cas vuad

ao w svs ad acs as a pood, sad

souc.

i/O mmo maam us (iOMMUs) p duc

i/O ovad -mapp addsss accssd

adwa accod o sam (o a compa)

asao a usd vua mac us

us a a wd a o i/O sv wooads

o vuad. t pvso ddcas a poo o

ssm mmo o a pacua us VM w s

ad. ta VM ca dc accss mmo

wou o ou vuaao sowa. t

ovad s us scd o saup pas o

us VM, a a mposd o v

mmo accss opao. i addo, i/O vuaao

coo as scu pao a ppa

compo coc d v (compu

us o aac ppa dvcs o a compu

mooad); s aows ocm o dvc

owsp a v ows vs o paom.

tyPiCAl WOrklOADS

t pomac caacscs o a pacua

wooad, ms o ocs, a

cca o cosd w ma o a vuaao

mpmao. W s u a som wooads a

as o vua a os, advacs adwa

av opd doo o ma wooads a adpvous cosdd dcu, o v mposs,

o vua. Udsad ow sv wooads

av s oaaos mov od covoa

ad a advaa o s w advacs.

to p vaua pomac caacscs o a

wooad, s mpoa o cosd caacscs

o pca sv wooads: daaass, W svs,

ad p svs, ma svs, dsops, ad -ma

svs. tou ac as s uqu cas, a a

succssu vuad oda.

DATABASE WORKLOADS

Daaas vuaao ca duc cos o

maa dos o cusom daa mas, a

movm o od daaass o commod adwa

(o m d ao), ad duc

cos ad m-cosum pocss o cop daa.

Daaas vuaao aso povds mo fx

dpom ad apd spos o ca. Daaass,

owv, av som uqu pops a ca ma

m mo compx o vua. As a oup, av

adoa cosdd poo caddas o

vuaao.

t ssu w vua daaass w a sv

vuaao paom as pcvd i/O

oc a coms ao w vuaao.

Daaass ca caacd as av:

Large memory:Daaass us v a amous

o mmo o cac soa. A a cac

s o o mos mpoa pomac ca

o daaass, sc ca sca duc

psca i/O.

High perormance block I/O:Daaass ad ad

w daa xd, oc-sd cus. t i/O

ocs a pca sma, ad opa a a v a o a sma um o s o dvcs.

High throughput:Daaass o av a a

um o cocu uss, v m aua

paasm ad ma m da sud o a

advaa o ssms w mup oca o

psca pocssos.

bado Wo, ad souos acc a Souos-ii,

a aoa ibM Pm busss Pa ocusd o

ssm accu, dpom, sv ad soa


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maam, usss couac, ad sv

cosodao avs, dscs wo ma ps

o daaass a Souos-ii cous du

vuaao pojcs: daa waouss ad oasaco pocss (OltP). Accod o Wo,

ac as v d i/O caacscs, ad s

caacscs a av as cs o

accu o ac-d soa.

Datawarehousesarecharacterizedbylarge-block

squa ass, ad o adwd s

a aco (masud Mb/sc).

OLTPdatabasesarecharacterizedbysmall-block

adom ass, ad o a o

soa o quc povd cac ad-msss s

o pma mpoac (masud iOs/sc oasacos/sc).

WEB SERVER WORKLOADS

W svs a a as o vua. t d

o caacd CPU u ao a s a

ow u sps du pa pods, ad CPU uao

s paps ass souc uao cosa

o ma. A W svs pomac s us mos

acd pomac o CPU ad mmo,

spca s a sv-sd scp.

i vua W svs, s mpoa o da

w sac ad damc W ss. Sac (htMl

o) W ss a ass o vua, sc

usua o o W sv. Damc W ss,

owv, aso pca qu a daaas sv. e

wa, W sv soud assd as

amou o CPU ad mmo soucs as poss. W

a damc W s, s a addoa ca:

Daaas sv pomac s ds-oud caus o

a amou o ds i/O o a daaas sv.

Addoa, as Wo o Souos-ii pos ou,

wo ad scu mus cosdd. i

vua W sv w puc-ac, w mos ocad a pm wo o dmad

o (DMz) (was daaas sv s pca

sd wa). to coc o spaa daaas

sv o a damc W s, pos ca opd

o oca aa wo (lAn) sd o DMz, o

daaas sv coco o a vua lAn (VlAn)

ca smd ad cocd. i v ua W

svs a o sam psca os mac as o

appcaos, s poss o sm W svs

o ow VlAn ass a ddcad psca

wo cad o os mac o W svs.

ts wo cad soud cocd o

appopa VlAn sm. i cas o VMwa eSX

Sv, a us ca aso ca a w VlAn a s a

o eSX Sv sm vua swco a VlAn. no a svs a dpod acoss

mup VlAns a sad osd vom, -

VlAn VM ac as o avs ma as o wo

asucu, cud a xa wa, o ac s

dsao, v VMs a o sam psca

sv ad aacd o sam vua swc. A W

sv qus a soud a o a w ops o

o s dsao coms muc mo compx w

vovs VlAns ad xa was a v uad

vom.

TERMINAL SERVERS

tma Svs ca ca o vua, as d o av v mmo ad ds i/O

ds. Mos appcaos usd o tma Svs a

cosa w o ds ad oad daa o mmo.

O sa o ccumv s ca s o oad

us pos o a psca sv ad appcaos

o spaa voumss ps mmo uao

ad ds i/O mo moda, as us po daa uss

wo ac cad (niC) ad appcao

daa uss hbA o daa so.

FILE AND PRINT SERVERS

F ad p svs d o us a o o ds spac

caus mos appcaos a o u oca o

sv. tou a so daa, mmo ad

CPU usa d o ow. howv, a us s u

a svs as w as vus sca sowa,

ca CPU, mmo, ad ds i/O. Cos ds o

a cosdao w ad p svs; xpsv

SAn dss a usd o so daa a s o o usd,

ma o ma ss o vua a daa.

VIRTUALIZED DESKTOPS

Dsops ca vuad ad ca maad. i

a vuad dsop souo, mup vua macs

u o a sadad, s-us dsop PC opa

ssm osd o a ca sv. A ws accd

dsop vuaao souo ca povd a

scud cos, scu, ad maaa

su uss ds mus cosdd. A

saao o a dvop u a sv w a

Mcoso SQl Sv daaas w oo v d

om o cosucd o a a oc wo wo

uss Mcoso Oc, W appcaos, ad poss a

maam muao.


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O ca w vuad dsops as

povd a c apca xpc o us. ts s

ma caus vua gapcs Pocss U

(gPU) s v compx ad cus sca ovad.ev s poms a suc addssd,

dv a c apca xpc ca cosum

sca wo adwd. Appcaos suc as

compu-add ds (CAD) oos ad compu

ams, o, ma o sua vuad

dsop voms.

Fo addoa ucoa, a coco o ca

usd; cocs c accss dvc o a uss

ds o ac-d, ca sv soucs (

a soucs). A coco o, aso cad a

asucu accss paca, ca pom a va

o ass dpd o vso scd. A asc v, coco o dcs com

quss o a avaa osd dsop. i som cass,

a coco o ca a w lw

Dco Accss Pooco (lDAP) o Acv Dco

o auca uss. t coco o ca us

a pdd poc o oup mmsp o dc (o

ass) uss o a osd dsop, coo sa o a

osd dsop sac (pow o o o, o xamp),

o ac coco saus o a osd dsop.

Som coco os aso o scu socs

a (SSl) o iP scu (iPsc) ucoa o scu

vua pva wo (VPn) accss.

E-MAIL WORKLOADS

As w o wooads, a pomac

cosdaos, suppo maos, ad dpom

ssus a av o a o accou o

vua a pa o a -ma sv w a

poduco vom. Fo -ma svs, ds i/O s

ma cosdao.

Fo xamp, s a a saowad as o

vua o-d svs u Mcoso exca

Sv (o c accss svs)v ud sss,

a VM w a s CPU ad w 512 Mb ad 1

gb o rAM soud suc o a sv povd

Mcoso Ouoo W Accss (OWA). howv,

s dcu o v ua ac-d svs u

exca Sv (maox svs Mcoso

exca Sv 2007) caus o xm

amou o ds i/O a exca Sv as

vua ds s smp av a ad m p up.

COmBININg WOrkLOAdS

tou s mpoa o udsad caacscs

o dvdua wooads w cosd

vuaao, d wooads qu u sd

sd a s oaao o sam adwa, ad

s aso cca o a aa cs o accou;

s aa o wooads u oa dms ocs o sv vuaao,

a a sua o dvdua cosus o

vuaao. Ovoo aa cs ca ad

o ucssa m poa a cc

o a o av ou adoom o cuso pa

dmads o asucu.

to p dm a comd wooad

vom s sua o vuaao, cosd

oow masu o pomac caacscs:

Aggregateutilization s masud oma

wooad cuvs o a psca svs aas ova pow (pca oad us

cmas) ad summ m o oa a

wd ava. t p-ou, m-o-da cuvs

ca aso omad ad summd o v a vw

o aa wooad pa ov m, wc

sows dsuo o souc dmad

a vom.

A Souos-, dscs bado Wo,

u capac pa oos, suc as VMwa

Capac Pa ad PaSp Powrco, o

masu wooads ov m o dm

wooad avas ad pas. ts s m

dm ad m o pas ad pa

appopa. W aso cou o VMwa DrS

vuaao saaos o auomaca adjus

s o VMs as uxpcd pas occu,

sas Wo.

Withwhat-ifanalysis, s poss o assss

vaous comaos o wooad pas

o dm opma sac uco o

vom. ts aass vovs oma

wooads aas av pows o souc

ad a svs ad sac spcc

ss o wooads oo a ssms o dmwc comaos s.

Aa, Souos-ii uss capac pa oos o

p om accua dcsos. ts oos

a o pc, ou cou o mpov

accuac. Accod o Wo, a Souos-ii, w

av oud a w mus aso o xpc

w av ad d o suppm

omao w om capac pa

oos.


9/14


9

Overheadmodeling as vauao o

ovad ad o i/O ad o opaoa

ssus. Compsa o s ovad s

mpoa o su suc capac s aocad sv o susa a svc vs, ad a

ccs ad pocss (o xamp,

mao o mup acup dvcs) soud

accoud o o u opm su

vom.

Wo adds a acc ac-d soa

s xm mpoa comd vuad

voms. Fo xamp, v a VM a

as ow i/O accss a s pma squa,

com 50 o s VMs oo a vua am

us a squa accss o adom accss

caus o s um o compus, sasWo.

Vuaao mpms suc as Souos-ii av

ad ou xpc w vuaao ov c

as o av dvopd sas o avod som o

commo ocs w com wooads.

Fo xamp, a poduco vom w i/O

qums ad CPU-sv appcaos ca dvd

ac o appcaos oo mup VMs. A s VM

u a i/O-sv appcao ad a CPU-sv

appcao o w u mo c a wo

spaa VMs (o w a i/O-sv appcao ado w a CPU-sv appcao). tus, s

o av a W sv ad a daaas o sam VM,

ad av ao W sv ad daaas o

ao VM. i s wa, soucs o ac VM a

mo u ud, a a jus i/O o o VM ad

CPU ccs o o o.

Wo dscs ao xamp: W Souos-ii

dss soa ad dcds wc VMs o com o

a vua mac ssm (VMFS), av oud

a s s o com squa ow-accss VMs

w a um o -accss adom VMs. i d

soa s usd, s spca mpoa o mod

soa caacscs o VMs.

AddrESSINg ThE ChALLENgES

tou CPU, i/O, ad mmo ocs a

v a, s mpoa o oo od pcvd

maos. Advacs adwa coo, as w

as cav couao, av opd doo o

vuaao o ma o-adoa sv wooads.

t us o vuaao poduco as damaca

casd caus o mpovd capas ad

ow cos o adwa. Quad-co pocssos a

wd avaa oda a ss cos a od s-co pocssos. Mmo s muc dssvs

commo aow 64 gb, 128 gb, o mo. t spd o

i/O as casd as w. ts advacs a cou

o v-xpad a o vuad sv

wooads.

HARDWARE-ASSISTED VIRTUALIZATION

Opa ssms do o xpc o av o sa

psca soucs. howv, sa soucs s o

o udama advaas o vua macs. As

dscussd a, mmo ad pocss qums

o vuaao ca . hadwa vuaao ca

addss omous ovad mposd sowavuaao mov ma o compuaoa

ass assocad w paom maam o

adwa, us mov a a o asaco ad

CPU a o som o av .

emua a adwa v s muc as a

sowa muao, so cod capa o

vuaao a adwa v ps mm

CPU, mmo, ad i/O ocs coud w

vua a poduco vom.

i adoa o compu, o opa ssm

compu mod, opa ssm s a o a,

comp uccd, sa o CPU, cps

ad ppas. A v uad ssm s d: i

mus a o su a a opa ssm cao

a ssm sa a wa a woud pv

compu om sad amo mup opa

ssms.

Sowa as ssm sa ou xcuo

o pvd sucos. O o mos dcu ass

a sowa muao mus ad s dcao

ad dco o s sucos. hadwa-asssd

vuaao sps o povd CPU w

capa o cp ad dc quss o a

sa o ssm.

W a opa ssm us o a pocsso a

suppos adwa-asssd vuaao, a pvd

opao ca cpd o compo ad

dcd o a po s up vuaao

a, wc ods ad as pv o a

ssm sa. t pvd suco cps a

u o CPUs; copoa sav ad

so o xdd ssm sa o w sucos


10/14


10

Som o s xamps o adwa-asssd

vuaao av com om AMD. AMD povds a

su o adwa-asssd vuaao coos,

ow cocv as AMD Vuaao (AMD-V)coo. AMD-V smps pocsss w

vuaao a a a assocad w app

ad mua i/O opaos ad saus sucos

xcud w us opa ssm. b

dcas, ad som cass ma,

vuaao ovad assocad w pocsso

opaos, pomac s mpovd.

MULTI-CORE PROCESSORS

Vua macs qu psca soucs o

scdud o m a VM qus wo vua CPUs,

pvso mus wa o wo CPUs (o cos) o

avaa od o VM o u. Mu-co CPUs ad addoa paasm povd av opd

doo o a wd a o mu-vua CPU wooads

a v o. t VMwa eSX Sv 3 povds

ou-wa Vua SMP (vSMP), wc s a s VM

us up o ou psca pocssos smuaous. ts

smuaous pocss capa mas poss

o CPU-sv appcaos suc as daaass ad

mssa svs o vuad.

HARDWARE PAGE TABLES VIRTUALIZATION

Mmo vuaao, cud pao ad

aocao o avaa psca mmo amo VMs,

ca asssd adwa pa a vuaao.

W mmo vuaao, VMs s wa appas o

a couous addss spac, u s acua o

couous w ud psca mmo. t

us opa ssm sos mapp w

vua ad psca mmo addsss pa

as, ad caus do o av av dc

accss o psca ssm mmo, vua

mmo maa (VMM) mus pom ao v

o mmo vuaao od o smuaous

accommoda mup VMs mapp w

psca mmo ad pa as us

opa ssms mus pomd w VMM.

rapd Vuaao idx (rVi) ps o acca

addoa a o mmo asao a s qud.

to masu pomac mpovm o W

svs w rVi, Aadtc, a o souc o

adwa aass ad dus ws, c a a

ss o cma ss. bcmas w u

o a dua-soc AMD Opo pocsso-asd

ssm ( cos a 2.3 gh). Fou VMs w u

w wo vua CPUs d o wo psca cos. two

W svs (o u Oac OlPt ad o u

DSS MSQl) w u paa o sv. eac VM

ad 4 gb o rAM ad a Wdows Sv 2003 r2.

rVi was ad ad dsad paamso X 3.2.0 (SUSe SleS 10 SP2). rVi mpovd

pomac 31% o PhP Ws o Wdows

Sv 2003 r2, ad 7% o Oac Swc

OlPt s. 1

I/O VIRTUALIZATION

sv i/O uss psca acs w xd ds

a a mappd o soa ad wo soucs.

bcaus s mapps a m-cosum o

ca, appcaos com ocd o spcc dvcs.

ts as a mpac o sv pomac ad souc

uao. t mapps ma aso maad

mup sv, soa, ad wo ams, so aca ma qu cooda mup oups. A

smp appcao mov om o sv ma qu

ws o xcu. i/O vuaao addsss s

ssus it admsaos cou, -map,

ad -ca soucs wou ac svs,

soa, ad wo a. t i/O vuaao

appac ps duc sv cocv ocs

pac ca ad wo ad soa acs

w vua soucs.

t spccaos p a vuaao souos

o ac i/O-sv wooads mov

pomac ocs o sowa ad adwa

vuaao compos:

AddressTranslationService(ATS)

AtS opms pomac w a i/O

dvc ad paoms pu/oupu mmo

maam u. b us asad addsss,

cac pssus ca ducd o iOMMU;

s ducs mmo us cosumpo ad

cous o opma pomac.

Single-RootIOV(SR-IOV)

Sr-iOV s mup us opa ssms

smuaous accss a i/O dvc wouav o ap o pvso o ma daa

pa. Dc adwa accss ca sca

mpov ssm pomac, duc ssm

pow cosumpo, ad ad o a cos

savs.

1 For details see Johan De Gelas, The very frst independent Nested

Paging Virtualization tests, http://www.anandtech.com/weblog/show-

post.aspx?i=467. Confguration: 2 Quad-Core AMD Opteron Model

8356 processors (2.3 GHz), 4GB RAM, Microsot Windows [Server?]

2003 R2.


11/14


11

Multi-RootIOV(MR-IOV)

Mr-iOV s PCi expss (PCi) o Sr-iOV

i/O dvcs accssd ou a sad PCi

ac. ts sa mas poss o w i/Odvcs o povsod, duc ssm pow

cosumpo ad adwa povso coss.

CAPACITY PLANNING TOOLS

As dscussd, succssu vuaao avs cao

uda wou a oou udsad o

sv wooads. Pvous, maas d o s

usss ad uo o d udud o ud-

pocd svs, ad o aoca suc soucs

o cu ad uu ds. nw capac pa

oos ca qua compx sv cosodao, dsas

cov, capac pa, ad o daa c

avs mo dscov sowa ad svcsvo acoss vom ad aa

wooad uao mcs od o dvop

opma vuaao pas.

W som capac pa appcaos o

cosd ava wooads w dm w

ca cosodad, os ow cosd pa

wooads ad w occu. Fo xamp,

aad ava wooad o wo svs ma

xcd capas o os sv, u

wooads ma pa a d ms. ts suss

a ma ac poss o cosoda m o

sam vuaao os.

INduSTry ExAmpLES

Oaaos a a a scod oo a poduco

voms a w pvous cosdd

mpacca, o v mposs, o vua succssu.

O cous, poduco voms ca compx

ad ca compass a muud o d sv

wooads.

Davd S. Ca, a cosua w tooo-asd iFo

Cosu, vs xamps om s pacc wc commo ocs w cosdd ad addssd.

ts xamps dmosa a oo a

pomac caacscs o sv wooads, a

a o assumpos a ma oudad, ca

op doo o a va o w mpmaos

ou cas ma s, o cous, xs.

O iFo c ou a ou-wa svs (ou

pocssos w 32 gbs o rAM ad SAn daa sos)

ad udoo a psca-o-vua (P2V) mao o

aou 200 svs coss o W, sadao, ad

md- appcaos. t aso vuad o doma

coo om ac doma. A w appcaos poduco w vuad uss

povd o o wo o uss w poms w

vdo suppo. t aso mad dvop

voms o quad-co svs w 32 o 64 gb

o rAM. i a, aou 20% o 30% o poduco was

vuad.

t s oc coud was CPU

usa. S. Ca oud a s am was a o pu

ca appcaos (os a w o mu-add)

a ad pvous u o psca dua-

pocsso svs oo dvdua vua svs ac

assd a s vua pocsso; s addssd pocss ssu duc o pocsso wa

ms ad cos. i/O was aso a ssu ad a ddcad

SAn was sad o p sov s ssus. Som

xm us svs, suc as os u SQl

Sv, w p o spaa psca svs; os

w ud ad pomd w o vua macs.

F Ca-aacd dss aso pd opm

i/O ac.

A scod xamp S. Ca vs s a oaao

a ad wo voms,.com ad Corp. t .com

vom was composd o a a um o

dvopm voms, a u vua. ts

voms w mos (95%) composd o W

svs. t wooads, ad o soucs

dd vua macs, w v mma:

Mos ad 1 VCPU, 512 Mb o rAM, ad a 10 gb C: voum

t Corp vom cossd o o-d ssms

u Mcoso exca Sv, doma coos,

W appcaos, md- appcaos, sma ddcad

daaas svs (mos ddcad appcao

daaass w sma pomac qums),

ad p svs, dvop wosaos (u

sv ad appcao-ud oos), oso tma

Sv ams (coss o 30 tma Svs),

ad po-o-sa (POS) dvopm ad s

voms (ou 20 voms w

o ou svs ac). t pa was o vua

so vom ad mov om a psca-s

mod o a vua-s mod. A w appcaos woud

vuad uss was pov a vuaao

woud o wo o was o suppod o a pacua

appcao.


12/14


12

t compa sad w sma os svsdua-

pocsso, 8 gb rAM svs u 15 us VMs

ac. A o us VMs w mmo cosad,

a aov commdd pocsso uao, adad i/O om a amou o pa o ds.

t vom was u w muc a os

svs. Mmo ad pocsso uao doppd o

ow oma as (a o oa mmo ud,

pocsso uao aoud 10%-20%). t rAM

capac o vua mac u exca

Sv was casd om 512 Mb o 2 gb, ad a xa

vua pocsso was addd. ts sca ducd

quu s, ad aso oca mpovd ova

pomac. A o svs cvd a mmo

upad o a as 1 gb (som o 2 gb).

Svs u SQl Sv w sd, ad as oas w sma appcao-ddcad SQl Sv

vsos, i/O was pc accpa. howv,

a ps SQl Sv-asd svs dd

cou som ocs mmo ad i/O. Mos

o W appcaos ucod w w oma

souc spccaos (dpd o W am,

us VMs w w 512 Mb ad 1 gb o rAM,

s-pocsso svs). A pomac mcs

o ow oma uao.

t doma coos w c o vua, adds

S. Ca. t w pma pcao pas as w

as sadad oa caao (gC) doma coos.

t sadad gC doma coos a w w a

s pocsso w 1 gb o rAM, u pma

pcao pas dd o u , w mmo

uao ad ds i/O a was aov oma. t

niC uao was aso muc ; us sad

wo soucs ca a oc dpd o

appcaos u o os ad o os

accu.

t ma daa c sup cossd o sx os

voms w dua/quad-co pocssos, 32 gb

o rAM, ad SAn voums o a VMs. A dvopm

vom coss o a sma oca daa c

w a hP C-Ss bad cosu was aso s up:

sx oss w dua/quad-co pocssos, 16 gb o rAM,

ad SAn daa sos.

t oaao was mov awa om a s

us s m o mo o a u-o- mod, aow

a, ps-cass svs u SQl Sv o

exca Sv o u o ddcad os adwa.

W wo a svs u SQl Sv w

dd, o sadad os was sp o wo ddcad

SQl Sv uss (aow m o sp 32 gb

o rAM ad quad-co pocssos). t i/O was

cau mood.

Ova CPU uao a ud was ou

10% oa uaosca ovad was addd

o uu ow. t ova mmo uao was

ow 50%, aa aow o uu ow ad aov

t ova i/O uao was aou 40%. As S. Cas

xamps sow, a umous cosdaos

w vua a poduco vom, u s a

vu w wo pusu.

CONCLuSION

U c, cos o o a vuad

asucu was v ad appcaos a

coud as vuad w av md. W

adv o aoda, ous vuaao o x86

paom cocd w oduco o xpsv,

-pomac, ad a sv adwa,

vua mac coo s ow accss o a

oad audc. Vuaao s o o md o

dvopm ad s; sac sows a mo ad

mo pss a ow us vuaao o

poduco appcaos.

Ad w vuaao as movd ou o s adoa

doma o masam poduco, covoa

aou s capas ad maos s

ps ma oaaos om ma o a

mpmaos. t sua o wooads o

vuaao poduco voms s o udd

assumpos a a o o u. bcaus

v sv wooad as dsc pomac

caacscs, udsad ad a os

caacscs o cosdao s cssa o

dm svs sua o vuaao.

impovms v uaao adwa ad o

advacs vuaao coo a ma

poss o vua a cas wd a owooads.

i summa, oaaos a dcdd aas

vuaao pas caus o cocs aou

CPU, mmo, o i/O ocs woud do w o a

ao oo.


13/14


13

AppENdIx: Amd AdVANTAgES

AMD as o ow as a ad ds ad

poduc o mcopocssos. As us o vuaaoas ow, AMD as commd o ac p-

omac o vuaao wooads w accua

cas. Pocssos asd o AMD64 coo

cud AMD Opo, AMD Ao, ad AMD

Pom pocssosfc s commm

povd ud accu a ads

vuaao, ad add addoa vuaao-

spcc capas dd o c u mup

opa ssms.

DireCt COnneCt ArChiteCtUre

A AMD64 pocssos a u o Dc Coc

Accu, wc ps duc ocs

20-a-od o-sd us accus

dc coc CPUs, mmo, ad i/O o ow

ac ad opma mmo pomac.

AMD Dc Coc Accu povds dc

CPU-o-mmo, CPU-o-i/O, ad CPU co-o-co

cocos o sam sv vuaao. Quad-

Co AMD Opo pocssos povd acd

mmo adwd ad CPU soucs o ad-d

vuaao pomac.

Compos o Dc Coc Accu cud

oow:

AMD64technologyos 64- mmo

addss, wc as vuaao sowa

o c ad mup us opa

ssms ad appcaos.

Pocssos a aso compa w 32-

x86-asd opa ssms ad appcaos,

aow ac voms o vuad o

w, mo pow-c svs.

Multi-coreprocessingpovds pocss

soucs dd o cv dv mup

vua macs, ma poss o mup

appcaos o cosodad oo o sv.

HyperTransporttechnologyps duc

i/O ocs ad povds mupocsso

scaa, o o wc ad cosoda

wooads. hptaspo coo opms

movm o daa ad sa o soucs

amo VMs o a ssm scaa.

Theintegratedmemorycontrollerpovds

as accss o mmo, m dmads

o mmo-sv vuad

voms. Sc mmo s owd

CPUs, advacd mmo ad ca p

cas scu o vua macs. tad mmo coo s dsd o mpov

pomac o mmo-sv vuaao

voms ou adwd oupu,

ow ac, ad scaa accss o mmo.

AMD VirtUAlizAtiOn (AMD-V) teChnOlOgy

Suppm s povdd D c

Coc Accu, AMD aso cad pocsso

mpovms a spcca vuaao.

ts mpovms ca oud AMD Opo

pocssos ad a cocv ow as AMD

Vuaao (AMD-V) coo.

AMD-V s u o Dc Coc Accuoudao, wc ducs ovad aow dc

commucao w us vua macs ad

psca pocsso(s), ad povd acd

mmo ad.

RapidVirtualizationIndexingaows vua

macs o mo dc maa mmo, p

o mpov pomac o ma vuad

appcaos. U o-d sco soucs a

a sowa, rapd Vuaao idx ca

mm um o pvso ccs dd,

as w as assocad pomac pa a

s commo assocad w vuaao.

rapd Vuaao idx s aso dsd o

mm wod-swc mm sp

swc om o vua mac o aoo

as appcao sposvss.

TheTaggedTranslationLook-asideBuffer(TLB) ,

wc s uqu o AMD Opo pocssos, aows

o as swc ms w vua macs

maa a mapp o dvdua

mmo spacs usd VMs. Dsus

w mmo spacs usd ac VM

ps duc mmo maam ovadad acs sposvss w swc

w vua macs.

AMD-VExtendedMigration s dsd o a

vuaao sowa souos o acv v

mao o vua macs acoss

cu a o AMD Opo pocssos.


14/14


14

dISCLAImEr ANd ATTrIBuTION

DiSClAiMer

t omao psd s docum s o omaoa puposs o ad ma coa cca accua-

cs, omssos ad poapca os.

AMD MAkeS nO rePreSentAtiOnS Or WArrAntieS With reSPeCt tO the COntentS hereOF AnD ASSUMeS

nO reSPOnSibility FOr Any inACCUrACieS, errOrS Or OMiSSiOnS thAt MAy APPeAr in thiS inFOrMAtiOn.

AMD SPeCiFiCAlly DiSClAiMS Any iMPlieD WArrAntieS OF MerChAntAbility Or FitneSS FOr Any PArtiCU-

lAr PUrPOSe. in nO eVent Will AMD be liAble tO Any PerSOn FOr Any DireCt, inDireCt, SPeCiAl Or Other

COnSeQUentiAl DAMAgeS AriSing FrOM the USe OF Any inFOrMAtiOn COntAineD herein, eVen iF AMD iS

eXPreSSly ADViSeD OF the POSSibility OF SUCh DAMAgeS.

AMD assums o oao o upda o ows coc o vs s omao. howv, AMD svs

o vs s omao ad o ma cas om m o m o co o wou oao o

AMD o o a pso o suc vsos o cas.

trADeMArk AttribUtiOn

2008 Advacd Mco Dvcs, ic. A s svd. AMD, AMD Aow oo, AMD Ao, AMD Opo,

AMD Pom, AMD Vuaao, AMD-V, ad comaos o a admas o Advacd Mco Dvcs,

ic. hptaspo s a csd adma o hptaspo tcoo Cosoum. Mcoso, Wdows,

ad Wdows Vsa a sd admas o Mcoso Copoao Ud Sas ad/o o jusdc-

os. O ams a o omaoa puposs o ad ma admas o spcv ows.

46076-A

Documents

AMD WP Virtualizing Server Workloads-PID