Organisms

Also Known As Living Things

Levels of Biological

OrganizationUnicellular Organisms

Hydra: Made only

of tissue

Classifying Organisms•Unity and Diversity of Life•Organisms are grouped together by:•Similarity of structures •Fossil record•Genetic make-up•Life cycle•Embryonic development•Chemical similarities

1 Structure

2 Fossil Record

3 Genetics

4 Life Cycle

5 Embryonic Development

6 Chemistry

Common

AncestryMonera

The Classification System

•5 Kings

•Phyla

•Genus

•Species

General

Specific

Most Kinds

Fewest Kinds

K

P

G

S

Class Notes

= Wolf, Dog

K

P

G

S

= Wolf, House Cat

Binomial Nomenclature

•Let’s name the organisms we classify!

•Binomial = 2 names

•First

•second

ExamplesCommon International

(Genus species)

Human Homo sapiensHouse Cat Felis domesticusDog Canis familiarisWolf Canis lupus

The 5 Kingdoms1. Nuclear Membrane

2. Unicellular or Multicellular

3. Nutrition type

4. Primitive Monerans

Class Notes

1. Prokaryote

• Lacks nuclear membrane

2. Eukaryote

• Have nuclear membrane

The 5 Kings

Monera

Plant

FungiProtista

Animal

1 Monera• Primitive (simple)• Major Groups

• Bacteria• Phosynthesis

• Blue-Green Algae

Bacteria Blue-Green Algae

Monera

2 Protista• Mostly Unicellular• Plant-like and/or Animal-like• Major Groups

• Protozoa• Animal-like• Food from environment• Examples: Paramecium and Ameba

• Algae• Plant-like• Photosynthesis• Example: Spirogyra

Protozoa Algae

Protista

3 Fungi• Branched, Multinucleated• Digest food from environment

• Non-motile• Examples• Yeast• Bread Mold• Mushroom

Fungi

4 Plant• Multicellular, Photosynthetic• Major Groups

• Bryophytes• Lack Vascular Tissue• Example: Moss and liverwort

• Tracheophytes (“tube”)• Have Vascular Tissue• Examples: Fern, pine tree, corn

Bryophytes Tracheophytes

Plant

5 Animal• Multicellular• Ingest food• Major Groups

• Coelenterates• 2 cell layers, hollow body cavity• Examples: Hydra, jellyfish, corals

• Annelids• Segmented Body• Example: Earthworm, sandworm,

leach

• Major Groups• Arthropods• Jointed appendages• Exoskeleton• Examples: Grasshopper, lobster, spider

• Chordates• Dorsal (back) nerve cord• Example: Shark, frog, human

5 Animal Cont.

Coelenterates Annelids

Animal

Arthropods Chordates

Animal