"that all persons held as slaves" within the

rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."

“all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State the people whereof shall then be in rebellion

against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free;”

What is Lincoln saying in this quote (two major ideas)?

Emancipation Proclamation

• Morale is waning• Following one of the few Union victories – Battle of

Antietam (creek)– September 17, 1862– Bloodiest single day in American history

• Lincoln uses the victory to restore faith in the Union, rally troops/volunteers and to change to character of the Civil War– Union goal (in addition to keeping the Union together);

now the mission was to end slavery

Emancipation Proclamation

• Applied only to states that had seceded from the Union

• Allowing slavery in the border states that remained with the Union side throughout the war effort (MD, DE, KY, MO)

• Exempted parts of the Confederacy that had already fallen under Union control

• Announced the acceptance of black men into the Union Army and Navy (enabling the liberated to be liberators) – first African American regiment 54th Massachusetts

Emancipation Proclamation

• Is Lincoln the Confederate president?• Does the Confederacy believe it has to listen

to Lincoln’s orders?• Does the EP really free any slaves at all?

NO!

Emancipation Proclamation

• In reality the Emancipation Proclamation did not free a single slave because the South did not recognize the statement as binding

• Transformed the character of the war – In addition to trying to reunite the Union, Lincoln now was slowly ending the institution of slavery

• Added a moral force to the Union cause and strengthened the Union both militarily and politically (Northerners felt more unified)

“Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this

continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and

dedicated to the proposition that all men

are created equal.”

Casualties** Killed Wounded Missing Total % of Total

Union 3,155 14,530 5,365 23,040 27%

Confederate 2,600-4,500

12,800 5,250 20,650-25,000*

30%-34%

In three days…right here in Pennsylvania

July 1,2,3, 1863*read G.A. in packet

Gettysburg Address• November 19, 1863• As a dedication to those who perished in this

battle• Speaks to the past, present, and future of this

nation (which paragraph refers to which?)

• Offers reason for soldiers to keep fighting (dedicate oneself to the unfinished work of these fallen soldiers); do not give up