ALL IN ONE HENLE LATIN NOTEBOOK CHALLENGE B ......ita, adv. - so, thus trāns, prep. w. acc. - across Note: Homō means a human being, a man as opposed to an animal; vir means a man

ALL IN ONE HENLE LATIN NOTEBOOK

CHALLENGE B

SEMESTER 2

Challenge B Latin Assignments Semester 2 (Based on 2019-2020 guide)

*Reading assignments should be translated

W Reading Grammar Exercises Vocab

1 Lesson 16

pg 163- 169

41-43, 74-76 #186-189, 190, Read No. 4

163, 168

2 Lesson 16 - 17

pg 169 - 181

41-43, 74-76 #191-192, #196-200, Read No 6

173

3 Lesson 17

pg 181 - 188

243-245, 764

#202-212

182, 185, 186

4 Lesson 17 - 19

pg 188- 199

246, 249, 252, 765,

247, 250, 253

#213, #216-219, #223-224, Reading No 8

192, 197

5 Lesson 19-21

pg 199-210

248, 251, 254, 772,

255-266

#225-226, #228-229, , #231, #233-234, Read No. 10

202, 209

6 Lesson 21-22

pg 211 - 231

186, 194-196, 352

#235 - 246, Read No. 11

227, 230

7 Lesson 22-23

pg 231 - 240

187, 197-199

#247-258, Read No 13

235

8 Lesson 23 - 24

pg 241 - 252

845-848, 353, 139, 479

#260-261, #263-265,

Read No. 14

241, 248

9 Lesson 24

pg 253 - 265

546 #267-270, #272-273, #275-276 Read No 16

254, 259, 263

10 Lesson 24 - 25

pg 265 - 276

502-503, 140

#279-281, 283-284, #286-288, 290 Read No. 17

267, 269, 272, 275

11 Lesson 25 - 26

pg 276 - 290

200-207, 524-526

#291-292, #296-302

Read No. 19,

280, 283

287

12 Lesson 26 - 27

pg 290 - 300

28, 208, 216 - 218

#305-306, # 308-310

Read No. 20

293

296

13 Lesson 27 - 28

pg 300 - 313

511, 518, 186, 194-196,

352, 127

#312-316, #318-319, #321-322,

Reading No. 23

306

309

14 Lesson 29

pp 314 - 322

267-274, 546-547, 275-

282, 660-662, 781 #324-327, 329 - 331

#334

314

317

15 Lesson 29

322 - 324

Review Reading No. 25 Review

Challenge B SEMESTER 2 WEEK 1


1 Lesson 16

pg 163- 169

41-43, 74-76 #186-189, 190, Read No. 4

163, 168

UNIT FOUR (pg 163 – 178)

LESSON 16: ADDITIONAL NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND

DECLENSIONS (pg 163 – 167)

1. DECLENSION OF PUER, AGER, AND VIR (pg 163 – 167)

There are, in the second declension, a few MASCULINE nouns that do not end in -us. These are:

PUER, PUERĪ, boy, and similar words;

AGER, AGRĪ, field, and similar words

VIR, VIRĪ, man.

How can you tell that these words belong to the second declension? Find the stems of puer, ager, and vir.

NOTICE THE DIFFERENCE IN THEIR STEMS! Except in the nominative singular, all these words have the

SAME ENDINGS AS SERVUS, Ī. Now complete these declensions without looking in the Grammar.

puer ager vir

puer-ī agr-ī vir-ī

etc. etc. etc.

ASSIGNMENT: Study Grammar Nos. 41 – 43

No 41 – 43

#41 #42 #43

Singular Nominative vir ager puer

Singular Genitive vir-ī agr-ī puer-ī

Singular Dative vir-ō agr-ō puer-ō

Singular Accusative vir-um agr-um puer-um

Singular Ablative vir-ō agr-ō puer-ō

Plural Nominative vir-ī agr-ī puer-ī

Plural Genitive vir-ōrum agr-ōrum puer-ōrum

Plural Dative vir-īs agr-īs puer-īs

Plural Accusative vir-ōs agr-ōs puer-ōs

Plural Ablative vir-īs agr-ī puer-īs

S2W1

Vocabulary (pg 163)

puer, puerī - boy

ager, agrī - field

vir, virī - man

Italia, ae - Italy

fortūna, ae - fortune

ita, adv. - so, thus

trāns, prep. w. acc. - across

Note: Homō means a human being, a man as opposed to an animal; vir means a man as opposed to a woman or a

child.

Chrīstus propter nōs hominēs in mundum vēnit.

Christ came into the world on account of us men.

Men here means the human race; Christ came for both men and women, hence hominēs.

Caesar erat vir fortis.

Christ was a brave man.

Vir is used because Caesar is not a woman and has manly, virile qualities.

Hereafter, use homō only when a human being or man in general is meant.

Related English Words:

A puerile remark. A virile character. The agrarian party. Lindbergh made the first solo transatlantic flight.

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Exercises 186 – 188, Reading No. 4 (pg 164 – 167)

Exercise 186 (pg 164)

Translate:

1. With good boys. _________________________________________________________________

2. On behalf of noble men. ___________________________________________________________

3. Into good fields. ________________________________________________________________

4. A field full of boys. _______________________________________________________________

5. In the fields. ____________________________________________________________________

6. With a brave man. _______________________________________________________________

7. In a large field __________________________________________________________________

8. A boy similar to a brave man._______________________________________________________

9. On account of the glory of brave men. ________________________________________________

10. Through the fields of the Gauls. ____________________________________________________

11. The death of a brave man. ________________________________________________________

12. On account of the slaughter of mothers and boys. _____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

13. The good fortune of a brave and noble man. __________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

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Exercise 187 (pg 164) [Essential]

Translate:

1. Virī Rōmānī fortēs erant et fortiter cum hostibus pugnāvērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Ita Rōmam servāvērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

Fortūna enim virōs fortēs adjuvat.

________________________________________________________________________________

2. Multī hostēs trāns montēs in Italiam vēnērunt. Eōs tamen Rōmānī vīcērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3. Puer bonus est glōria mātris. _______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Omnēs enim patrēs et mātrēs puerōs bonōs semper laudant sed puerōs malōs nōn laudant.

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

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Exercise #187 contin...

4. Tum, post adventum exercitūs Rōmānī, erat magna frūmentī inopia in Galliā.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Rōmānī enim frūmenta in agrīs incenderant. _____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

5. In Italiā erant agrī bonī, virī nōbilēs, puerī bonī. ________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Imperātor Rōmānus cum omnibus cōpiīs in agrōs hostium vēnit. ___________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Frūmenta incendit; oppida et urbēs oppugnāvit; virōs et puerōs in castra dūxit. __________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

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This exercise reviews all the verbs of the first conjugation and drills on the present indicative.

Translate.

1. All men praise good fortune. ________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

2.. Hannibal1, a brave and renowned man, has come across the mountains and is seizing a large part

of Italy. __________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. Good boys often pray. ___________________________________________________________

4. The boys are preparing arms. _____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

5. They have come across the river into the fields and are burning the crops.

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

6. He is placing troops in the fields of the enemy. __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

7. Brave men are fighting for us. ______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

8. He is stationing men in the fields of Italy. _____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

1: Hannibal: Hannibal, Hannibali

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9. Thus do we brave soldiers keep the glory of the Roman name. ____________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

10. The boys are helping the men in the fields. __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

11. Who is calling the boy? __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

12. Is the boy carrying a dispatch into Italy? _____________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

13. What are you giving the boy? ____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

14. Did they overcome the Gauls? ____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

15. What does the boy carry? ________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

16. Who is inciting the tribes of Gaul? _________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

17. We do not help bad men. _________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

18. He is stationing the soldiers before the gate of the camp. _________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

19. They are storming the cities of Italy. _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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Corresponds with Map on Page 166

Reading #4 (page 167)

Translate:

Dē Italiā et dē Galliā

Italia est terra et magna et bona. Vidēsne Italiam in tabulā?1 Estne Italia magna? Estne longa?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

1 tabula, ae: map.

In Italiā erat Rōma, urbs et magna et nōbilis. Vidēsne Rōmam in tabulā? 1 Rōma in flūmine Tiberī est.

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Vidēsne flūmen in tabulā? 1 In Italiā erant multae et magnae urbēs, flūmina longa, montēs altī. Erant etiam agrī

frūmentōrum plēnī.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

In agrīs Italiae Rōmānī multa bella cum fīnitimīs gentibus gesserant et tandem2 omnem Italiam vīcerant. Ita

imperium Italiae Rōmānī tenuerunt.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

2 tandem, adv.: finally.

S2W1 Reading No. 4 contin.

In omnibus Italiae partibus omnēs virī et puerī nōmen Rōmānum et laudābant et dēfendēbant. Alpēs3

sunt montēs magnī et altī. Vidēsne montēs in tabulā? 1

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3 Alpēs, Alpium: the Alps.

Trāns Alpēs tum erant et Prōvincia Rōmāna et Gallia. Multī imperatōrēs trāns montēs in Italiam

vēnērunt. Hannibal,4 vir fortis et nōbilis, per montēs difficilēs cum omnibus cōpiīs in Italiam vēnit et ita in

Italiae agrīs cum Rōmānīs bellum gessit.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

4 Hannibal, Hannibalis: Hannibal (a great Carthaginian general)

Tum Caesar legiōnēs Rōmānās trāns montēs in agrōs Gallōrum dūxit. Napoleon etiam, imperātor fortis, cum

magnīs cōpiīs trāns montēs in Italiam contendit et omnem Italiam occupāvit.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Rōma, sīcut in tabulā1 vidēs, longē abest ā Galliā. In Galliā erant etiam urbēs et oppida et agrī bonī.

Erant flūmina et montēs.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

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Reading No. 4 contin.

Eōs in tabulā1 vidēs. Vidēs etiam fīnēs Prōvinciae Rōmānae. Ejus imperium Caesar tenuit et cum Gallīs bella

gessit. Post victōriās Caesaris Rōmānī imperium omnis Galliae tenuērunt.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Māter Italiae - Rōma

---Florus5

_________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

5. L. Annaeus Florus, a Roman historian,

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2. DECLENSION OF MISER AND INTEGER (pg 168 – 172)

There are, in the first and second declensions, a few adjectives whose masculine is like puer and ager.

LIKE PUER: miser, miser-a, miser-um, wretched

STEM: miser-

LIKE AGER: integer, integr-a, integr-um, fresh, uninjured

STEM: integr-

ENDINGS: The endings for miser and integer are exactly like those of magnus except in the nominative

masculine singular, miser, integer.

ASSIGNMENT: Decline miser and integer without looking in the grammar. Then study Grammar Nos. 74-76.

No. 74: Adjectives in -er of the First and Second Declensions.

There are two other kinds of adjectives in the first and second declensions:

miser, miser-a, miser-um (stem, miser), wreteched.

integer, integr-a, integr-um (stem, integr-), fresh.

These adjectives have the same endings as magnus except in the nominative singular masculine (miser, integer)

No. 75

Masculine

like puer

Feminine

like porta

Neuter

like bellum

Singular Nominative MISER miser-a miser-um

Singular Genitive miser-ī miser-ae miser-ī

Singular Dative miser-ō miser-ae miser-ō

Singular Accusative miser-um miser-am miser-um

Singular Ablative miser-ō miser-ā miser-ō

Plural Nominative miser-ī miser-ae miser-a

Plural Genitive miser-ōrum miser-ārum miser-ōrum

Plural Dative miser-īs miser-īs miser-īs

Plural Accusative miser-ōs miser-ās miser-a

Plural Ablative miser-īs miser-īs miser-īs

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No. 76:

Masculine

like ager

Feminine

like porta

Neuter

like bellum

Singular Nominative INTEGER integr-a integr-um

Singular Genitive integr-ī integr-ae integr-ī

Singular Dative integr-ō integr-ae integr-ō

Singular Accusative integr-um integr-am integr-um

Singular Ablative integr-ō integr-ā integr-ō

Plural Nominative integr-ī integr-ae integr-a

Plural Genitive integr-ōrum integr-ārum integr-ōrum

Plural Dative integr-īs integr-īs integr-īs

Plural Accusative integr-ōs integr-ās integr-a

Plural Ablative integr-īs integr-īs integr-īs

Vocabulary (pg 168)

miser, misera, miserum - wretched

līber, lībera, līberum - free

integer, integra, integrum - fresh, uninjured, whole

proelium, ī - battle

cīvitās, cīvitātis - state

Note: The ablative of proelium is generally used without in in such expressions as: in many battles, multīs

proeliīs.

Related English Words:

Lincoln liberated the slaves. A miserable fellow. The number one is an integer.

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Exercises 189 – 193, Reading No 5 (pg 168 – 172) – Assigned in Challenge B - #189, 190


Decline:

1. servus miser ___________________________________________________

2. legiō integra ___________________________________________________

3. rēs misera _____________________________________________________

4. oppidum līberum ________________________________________________


Translate:

1. With fresh forces. ____________________________________________________________________

2. For free men. __________________________________________________________________________

3. Against the wretched Gauls. _______________________________________________________________

4.With fresh legions. _______________________________________________________________________

5. In a free state. ___________________________________________________________________________

6. With the wretched slaves. _________________________________________________________________

7. After the victory of free men. _____________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

8. On account of a wretched fortune. __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

9. On account of the glory of a free state. _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

END OF WEEK 1



2 Lesson 16 - 17

pg 169 - 181

41-43, 74-76

(review week 1)

#191-192, #196-200, Read No 6

173

Exercises 189 – 193 – Assigned in Challenge B - #191 – 192

Exercise 191 (page 169)

Translate.

1. Virī nōbilēs et līberī cīvitātem Americānam1 servāvērunt._________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. Rōmānī, virī fortēs et līberī, Gallōs miserōs multīs proeliīs vīcērunt.________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Rōmānōs enim etiam fortūna adjūvit.___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3. Ducēs legiōnēs integrās in prímā aciē collocant. _______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

4. Rōmānī oppida Gallōrum oppugnāvērunt; agrōs eōrum occupāvērunt; frūmenta incendērunt;

prīncipēs, ducēs, mātrēs, patrēs, virōs, puerōs, occīdērunt. Ita eōs vīcērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

1 Americānam, a, um: American

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5. Hannibal2, vir fortis et nōbilis, cum omnibus cōpiīs trāns montēs in agrōs Italiae contendit. Cum eō

Rōmānī fortiter contendērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Urbēs et oppida Italiae dēfendērunt. Post multa proelia et magnam caedem Rōmānī eum

superāvērunt. Ita glōriam nōminis Rōmānī servāvērunt.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Review Questions on Exercise 191

The words to which these questions refer are italicised in Exercise 191.

Sentence 2: Explain the use of virī. __________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Sentence 4: Give the rule for the agreement of eōrum and eōs. Explain. _______________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2 Hannibal, Hannibalis: Hannibal

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This exercise reviews all third-conjugation verbs and drills on the imperfect.

Translate:

1. He was leading fresh troops into the battle. ____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. The chief was defending the wretched Gauls. __________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3. The Romans were conquering free states. ____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

4. The Romans conquered the Gauls in many battles. _____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5. After the battle they were burning the crops and the towns. _______________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

6. The soldiers, brave and free men, were repulsing the enemy. _____________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

7. He was treating with the master concerning his wretched slave. ___________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

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8. They were pitching camp after the battle. ____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

9. The fresh legions were not yielding. ________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

10. He was hastening into Gaul with fresh forces. _________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

11. The slaves were not carrying arms. _________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

12. The wretched Gauls were seeking peace. ___________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

13. Was he sending a dispatch into Italy? _______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

14. After the battle he was drawing up the injured troops. __________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

15. We Americans were defending a free state. __________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

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16. They were sending boys and men into the fields. ______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

17. We Americans shall always be free. ________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

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3. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND PERSONS (pg 173 – 178)

The possessive adjectives of the FIRST PERSON are:

Vocabulary (pg 173)

meus, a, um - my, mine

noster, nostra, nostrum - our, ours

The possessive adjectives of the SECOND PERSON are:

tuus, a, um - you, yours (when referring to ONE person)

vester, vestra, vestrum - your, yours (when referring to MORE THAN ONE person)

1. DECLENSION Meus, a, um and tuus, a, um are declined like magnus, a, um.

Noster, nostra, nostrum and vester, vestra, vestrum are declined like integer, integra, integrum

Exercise 194 (pg 173) – not assigned in Ch B

2. AGREEMENT

As adjectives the possessive adjectives AGREE WITH THE NOUN THEY MODIFY.

Vocabulary (pg 173)

Mīlitēs meī, my soldiers

propter virtūtēs tuās, on account of your virtues

rēx noster, our king

in oppidō vestrō, in your town

Exercise 195, Moments at Mass No. 1 (pg 173 - 174) - Not assigned in Ch B

3. EXAMPLES OF USAGE

Vōs propter virtūtēs vestrās laudō. I praise you for your virtues.

(I am speaking to MORE THAN ONE person, hence vōs is used and so vestr- must also be used. Vestrās is

feminine accusative plural because it AGREES with virtūtēs. )

Mātrem tuam laudō. I praise your mother.

(I am speaking to ONE person; hence tu- must be used. Tuam is feminine accusative singular because it

AGREES WITH mātrem)

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Mīlitēs meōs laudant. They praise my soldiers.

(ONE person is speaking; hence me- must be used. Meōs is masculine accusative plural because it AGREES

WITH mīlitēs.)

Exercises 196 – 198, Reading No 6 (pg 175 – 178) – Assigned in Ch B - All


Translate.

1. On account of your fortune _________________________________________________

2. In our fields _____________________________________________________________

3. With our brave men _______________________________________________________

4. After my death ___________________________________________________________

5. In your state _____________________________________________________________

6. On account of the glory of our fathers _________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

S2W2


Translate.

1. Patrēs, nostrī, virī et līberī et fortēs, multīs proeliīs cum hostibus contendērunt.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Ita cīvitātem nostram et dēfendērunt et servāvērunt. ______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Itaque nunc cīvitātem et nōbilem et līberam habēmus. ____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Vōbīscum dē salūte mīlitum vestrōrum agēmus._______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Tē propter caedem servōrum miserōrum nōn laudō neque virtūtem tuam laudō .

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

4. In prīmam aciem legiōnēs meās integrās mittam _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

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5. Oppida vestra et urbēs vestrās oppugnābimus. ____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Frūmenta incendēmus. ____________________________________________________________________

Puerōs vestrōs et mātrēs vestrās terrēbimus. Ita mīlitēs vestrōs vincēmus. ____________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

6. Bellum difficile et perīculōrum plēnum est. Hostēs tráns montēs veniunt.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

In agrōs vestrōs veniunt. ____________________________________________________________________

Cum eīs fortiter pugnābitis neque dē pāce cum eīs agētis. ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Fortūna etiam vōs adjuvābit. __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

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Exercise 198 (pg 176) [Essential]

Review all 2nd Conjugation Verbs.

Translate:

1. Our brave soldiers do not fear your attacks. _________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2. I shall warn your commander in chief. ______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Our state shall always be free. ______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Our cavalry will terrify your soldiers. _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

5. We shall see your fields and your cities. _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Our soldiers, brave and free men, were holding the hill. __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

7. We shall move our camp at dawn. __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

8. They will not withstand our cavalry. _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

9. I shall remain in my city. ________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

10. You were filling the wall with your men. __________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

11. Your slave is warning me. ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

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Exercise #198 contin..

12. Do you hear our calvary? _______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Are you holding your camp? _____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Will our men withstand their attack? _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

15. I do not fear your soldiers, for our brave men will withstand them. ________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

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READING #6 (pg 176-178)

THE SECOND PUNIC WAR

In the third century before Christ, Carthage, a city on the northern coast of Africa, was the center of a

powerful empire. It was the one rival of the growing power of Rome in the western Mediterranean, and it

was therefore inevitable that these two nations should meet in a final struggle for power. This struggle came

in the Second Punic War (218-202), a war in which Roman courage and Roman endurance were tested to the

utmost. Later generations of Romans were to look back to the hard years of this war as Americans look back

to Valley Forge or Englishmen to the German Blitz of World War II.

The war began when a Carthaginian army under Hannibal —one of the greatest generals of all

history— attacked a Roman ally in Spain. At the very outset, Hannibal conceived the daring and unexpected

plan of crossing the Pyrenees and the Alps and invading Italy from the north.

Translate:

Hannibal, vir fortis et nōbilis, tum erat Carthāginiēnsium1 imperātor. Hostis populī Rōmānī semper

fuerat. Victōriae et imperiī cupidus fuit. Itaque cum Rōmānīs bellum fortiter gerēbat.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________

1 Carthāginiēnses, Carthāginiēnsium: Carthaginians

2 elephantus, i: elephant

3 nondum: not yet

S2W2

READING #6 cont..

Is cum magnō exercitū in Hispāniā erat. Magnum numerum mīlitum et equitum et elephantōrum2

sēcum habēbat.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Cum omnibus cōpiīs per Galliam contendit (nōndum3 enim erat prōvincia Rōmāna in Galliā). Per silvās

magnās mīlitēs dūxit.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Trāns flūmina alta exercitum dūxit. Alpēs altī et magnī montēs erant. Via per eōs difficilis et angusta fuit.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Multae Gallōrum gentēs cum eō bellum gerēbant. Is tamen Gallōs multīs proeliīs pepulit et cum mīlitibus et

impedīmentis et elephantīs2 per montēs in Italiam vēnit.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

2 elephantus, i: elephant

3 nondum: not yet

S2W2

READING #6 cont..

This was a terrible surprise to the Romans, who, meanwhile, had been planning an expedition

to Africa. No one had expected Hannibal to transport such an army with its elephants and all its

equipment across the mountain barrier that guarded the north.

As Hannibal stood on the southern slopes of the Alps and saw Italy before him at last, he

spoke to his exhausted and discouraged men in some such fashion as this:

“Italia est! In Italiā sunt agrī bonī et cōpia omnium rērum. Sunt etiam oppida et multae et magnae urbēs. Eās

Rōmānī nunc tenent, sed nōs Rōmānōs superābimus.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Urbēs et agrōs tenēbimus, etiam Rōmām occupābimus. Rōmānī fortēs sunt, sed nōs etiam sumus fortēs. Nōs

nōn superābunt.

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

Itaque omnem victōriae spem in virtūte pōnēmus! Fortūna etiam nōs adjuvabit; fortūna enim fortēs semper

adjuvat. Post victōriam magna vōbīs praemia dabō et magnam habēbimus bellī glōriam!”

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

S2W2

READING #6 cont..

Questions on Reading No. 6:

Answer in Latin

1. Quis fuit Hannibal?

______________________________________________________________________________________

2. Eratne vir fortis?

____________________________________________________________________________________

3. Ubi fuit? __________________________________________________________________________

4. Quid sēcum habuit?

______________________________________________________________________________________

5. Vēnitne in Italiam?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

S2W2

UNIT FIVE (pg 179 - 224)

Lesson 17: Present System Passive of the First Conjugation; Agency (pg 179-191)

1. Active and Passive Voice (pg 179-180)

The boy throws the ball.

The boy is throwing the ball.

The boy does throw the ball.

Is the boy throwing the ball?

Does the boy throw the ball?

All these sentences say or ask WHO IS DOING THE ACTION, i.e. who is throwing. Hence, the

verbs in all these sentences are in the ACTIVE VOICE because the SUBJECT- the boy- ACTS.

WHEN IS A VERB IN THE ACTIVE VOICE?

WHEN THE SUBJECT IS THE PERSON OR THING THAT DOES THE ACTION.

All the verbs you have studied so far have been in the ACTIVE VOICE.

Is the ball being thrown?

The ball is being thrown.

These sentences say or ask to what the action is being done. The verbs in these sentences are in the

PASSIVE VOICE because the SUBJECT – the ball – RECEIVES THE ACTION.

WHEN IS A VERB IN THE PASSIVE VOICE?

WHEN THE SUBJECT IS THE PERSON OR THING TO WHICH THE ACTION IS DONE.

S2W2

Exercise 199 (pg 180) – Assigned in Challenge B


Point out the voice of the verbs in these sentences:

1. America is being praised by many nations. _________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Christ was crucified by many soldiers. _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. The martyrs kept the faith. ______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

4. The faith was kept by the martyrs. ________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

5. I am praying. ________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

6. When St. Augustine was dying, his own city was being attacked by the Vandals.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________.

7. Will America be kept free? ______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

8. Rome had been captured by the Gauls early in its history. _____________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

9. Is God being served by all men? _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

10. We have often been told of the exploits of our heroic pilots. ___________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

11. We have often heard of the heroism of our soldiers. _________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

S2W2

2. Final Personal Signs in the Passive (pg 180 – 181)

When we studied the present system ACTIVE we found the following personal signs:

1. I -ō , -m we -mus 2. you -s you -tis 3. he, she, it -t they -nt

Now, the present, imperfect, and future indicative active (of all conjugations) become PASSIVE by changing

these final personal signs as follows

1. -ō to -or -mus to -mur

-m to -r

2. -s to -ris -tis to minī

3. -t to -tur -nt to -ntur

Examples:

laudō, I am praising becomes laudor, I am being praised

laudābam, I was praising becomes laudābar, I was being praised

laudās, you are praising becomes laudāris, you are being praised

laudat, he is praising becomes laudātur, he is being praised

laudāmus, we are praising becomes laudāmur, we are being praised

laudātis, you are praising becomes laudāminī, you are being praised

laudant, they are praising becomes laudantur, they are being praised.

S2W2

Exercise 200 (pg 181) – Assigned in Challenge B Exercise 200 (pg 181)

1. Tranlate the active form here given;

2. Change the active form to the corresponding passive form:

Active Form Meaning Passive Form

laudō I am praising laudor

vocō

terreō

audiēbam

terrēbam

laudābō

monēbō

dās

monēs

agit

sustinet

mittit

vincit

laudābit

laudāmus

vincēmus

audiēbāmus

monēmus

laudābimus

laudātis

pōnitis

perturbātis

adjuvābātis

monēbunt

dūcēbant

collocābunt

mūniunt

laudātis

audiunt

mittimus

laudāmus

audītis

laudant

laudās

moneō

mittō

END OF WEEK2



3 Lesson 17

pg 181 - 188

243-245, 764

#202-212

182, 185, 186

3. Present System Passive of the First Conjugation (pg 181-184)

Assignment: Study the present, imperfect, and future indicative passive of the first conjugation,

GRAMMAR, Nos, 243-245. Notice that one form does not follow the rules given for final personal sings in

Section 2. The exception is future tense, second person singular: laudābis becomes laudāberis.

No. 243

Present Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. laud-or - I am being praised ( I am praised)

2. laud-āris - you are being praised (You are praised)

3. laud-ātur - he, she, it are being praused (You are praised)

Plural - 1. laud-āmur - we are being praised (We are praised)

2. laud-āminī- you are being praised (You are praised)

3. laud-āntur– they are being praised (They are praised

No. 244

Imperfect Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. laud-ābar - I was being praised

2. laud-ābāris - you were being praised

3. laud-ābātur - he, she, it are being praused

Plural - 1. laud-ābāmur - we were being praised

2. laud-ābāminī- you were being praised

3. laud-ābantur– they were being praised

No. 245

Future Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. laud-abor - I Shall be praised

2. laud-āberis - you will be praised

3. laud-ābitur - he, she, it will be praused

Plural - 1. laud-ābimur - we will be praised

2. laud-ābiminī- you are being praised 3. laud-ābuntur– they are praised

S2W3

Vocabulary (pg 182)

administrō, 1. tr.- manage, attend to

appellō, 1. tr. - address, call (upon)

cōnfirmō, 1. tr. - encourage, strengthen

Related English words

The sacrament of confirmation. The president of the United States should be a good administrator.

Review Vocabulary

dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1. tr - give

adjuvō, adjuvāre, adjūvī, adjūtus, 1. tr. - help, aid

collocō, 1. tr. - place, station

oppugnō, 1. tr. - attack, assault, storm

S2W3

Exercise 201 – 206 (pg 182 – 184)- Assigned in Challenge B - # 202 – 206


Translate.

1. administrātur _______________________________________ 2. appellātur _______________________________________ 3. oppugnantur _______________________________________ 4. cōnfirmātur _______________________________________ 5. collocātur _______________________________________ 6. laudāberis _______________________________________ 7. cōnfirmābantur _______________________________________ 8. administrābantur _______________________________________ 9. adjuvantur _______________________________________ 10. appellābāmur _______________________________________ 11. laudāmur _______________________________________ 12. datur _______________________________________

S2W3 Exercise 203 (pg 183)

1. Change to the passive;

2. Tranlate both passive and active forms:

Active Form Translate: Passive form: Translate:

1 cōnfirmō

2 appellābam

3 cōnfirmābant

4 dabat

5 administrās

6 cōnfirmat

7 administrābat

8 adjuvābit

9 appellāmus

10 adjuvātis

11 cōnfirmābunt

12 collocant

13 cōnfirmant

14 dat

15 collocābās

S2W3 Exercise 204 (pg 183) Translate. 1. Marīa appellābātur.

______________________________________________________________________

2. Prōvincia administrābitur.

______________________________________________________________________

3. Amīcī cōnfirmantur.

_______________________________________________________________________

4. Gallia administrātur.

_______________________________________________________________________

5. Rōmānī cōnfirmābantur.

_______________________________________________________________________

6. Mundus administrātur.

______________________________________________________________________

7. Bella administrantur.

________________________________________________________________________

8. Deus Rēx hominum appellātur.

________________________________________________________________________

9. Imperātor appellābitur.

______________________________________________________________________

10. Pax cōnfirmābitur.

_______________________________________________________________________

S2W3


11. Prīncīpēs appellantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

12. Virtūs legiōnum cōnfirmābatur.

_________________________________________________________________________

13.Spīritus Sānctus appellātur.

________________________________________________________________________

14. Rēs administrābātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

15. Spēs victōriae cōnfirmātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

16. Centuriōnēs appellābuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________

17. Virī fortēs cōnfirmābuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________

18. Rōma nōn oppugnābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

19. Terra et caelum laudantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

20. Litterae ducis hostī dantur.

_________________________________________________________________________

S2W3 Exercise #204 contin...

21. Nautae nōn adjuvābantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

22. Hīberna oppugnābantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

23. Signum legiōnibus datur.

__________________________________________________________________________

24. Glōria Deō dabitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

25. Magnus servōrum numerus eī dabātur.

________________________________________________________________________ 26. Salūs et vēritās nōbīs per Chrīstum dantur. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

27. Praemia mīlitibus dabuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________

28. Victōria nautārum laudābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

29. Multī hominēs in colle collocābuntur.

_________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


30. Gentēs fīnitimae adjuvantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

31. Pars mīlitum in fīnibus hostium collocātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

32. Puerī malī nōn laudantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

33. Arma Caesarī dabantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

34. Oppidum oppugnābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

35. Populus Rōmānus adjuvābātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

36. Mīlitēs in mūrō collocantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

37. Fortūna bona laudābātur.

__________________________________________________________________________


38. Propter grātiam Caesaris frūmentum Rōmānīs datur.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

39. Nōmen Deī semper laudābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

40. Propter metum vulnerum et mortis, mīlitēs Deum appellant.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

41. Mīlitēs in ponte collocantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

42. Jēsūs Chrīstus, Dominus noster, laudābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

S2W3 Exercise 205 (pg 184) Translate 1. Pāx saepe propter metum vulnerum et mortis laudātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Erant virī fortēs et līberī in exercitū Caesaris. Eī laudābantur; fortiter enim urbēs et oppida oppugnāvērunt.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Cōnfirmābiturne pāx post proelia et bella et caedēs?

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4. In perīculō Deus semper appellātur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Omnēs rēs fortiter administrābantur quod Caesar, vir fortis et nōbilis, imperātor erat

Rōmānōrum. __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


6.Aut1 Lincoln aut1 Washingtonius prīnceps fuit omnium ducum Americānōrum. Itaque eī

laudantur et semper laudābuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Cūr puerī malī nōn laudantur?

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

8. Glōria Deō per Jēsūm Chrīstum datur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

9. Mīlitēs et in silvīs et in agrīs collocābantur; in eōs hostēs impetum fēcērunt.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. Rēx malus nōn adjuvābitur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


11. Mīlitēs propter virtūtem laudantur. Centuriōnēs etiam propter virtūtem et fidem laudantur.

Ducēs et imperātōrēs rēs fortiter administrant. Itaque eī etiam laudantur.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 12. Chrīstiānī bonī et in pāce et in bellō lēgem Chrīstī servant. Itaque eīs magnum praemium in Caelō dabitur. __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

13. Vōs estis Americānī. Et līberī et fortēs estis. Itaque semper laudāmini.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 14, Ducēs nōn laudābantur. Longē enim alberant ā proeliīs et castrīs.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 1 aut . . . aut: either . . . or

S2W3 Exercise 206 (pg 184) Translate: 1. The centurions are being addressed.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. God will be called upon.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. The affair is being managed.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 4. Peace was being strengthened.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Soldiers are being stationed in the fields.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 6. The cities are being stormed.

__________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

7. The soldier is being helped.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


8. Grain will be given the soldiers.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 9. Our friends will be encouraged.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. Our soldiers were being helped.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 11. The army is being strengthened.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

12. Our faith will be strengthened.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 13. The war is being managed.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

14, You will be praised.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


15. We are being encouraged.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ 16. They were being helped.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

S2W3

4. The Ablative of Agent (pg 185 – 191)

When the verb is PASSIVE, the SUBJECT is the person or thing to WHICH the ACTION IS DONE. The

PERSON WHO DOES THE ACTION – the LIVING AGENT – is expressed in Latin as in English by a

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE:

Deus ab hominibus laudātur.

God is being praised by men.

Bellum ā duce administrātur.

The war is being managed by the leader.

The preposition used is ab, by, which is generally written ā before a word beginning with any consonsant

except h.

Ab (ā) ALWAYS takes the ABLATIVE case.

ab omnibus hominibus, by all men

ā duce, by the leader

ab hominibus, by men

Assignment: Learn the rule, GRAMMAR, No. 764

The Abative of Means

No. 764

ā or ab with the ablative is used to express the LIVING AGENT.

Deus ā Chrīstiānīs laudātur.

God is praised by Christians.

Urbs ā duce oppugnāta est.

The city was attacked by the leader.

Hostēs ab eīs pulsī sunt.

The enemy were routed by them.

Note: Remember that you have already learned a different meaning and use for ab (ā). When ab (ā) is used

in a prepositional phrase modifying ABSUM, it must be translated FROM. Thus:

Mōns ā flūmine longē abest. The mountain us far away from the river.

S2W3

Vocabulary (pg 185)

cōnservō, 1. tr. - preserve, spare

nam, conj. - for (when for means because and introduces a REASON)

ab (ā), prep. w. abl. - by (expressing agency), from (w. absum)

Review Vocabulary (pg 186)

vocō, 1. tr. - call

occupō, 1. tr. – seize

Exercises 207 – 213; Reading No. 7 (pg 186 - 191) – Assigned in Challenge B - #207 - 212


Complete these phrases with ā whenever possible; otherwise use ab.

1. by the king ______ rēge

2. by the enemy ______ hostibus

3. by the cavalry ______ equitibus

4. by Mary ______ Marīā

5. by all slaves ______ omnibus servīs

6. by the leader of the enemy ______ hostium duce

S2W3 Exercise 208 (pg 187) 1) Translate 2) Underline the ablatives of the agent: Warning: One sentence contains a "booby-trap." 1. Pāx ā mīlitibus saepe nōn cōnservātur, nam glōriae bellī cupidī sunt. _____________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Imperium ā Caesare, virō fortī et bonō, administrābitur. ________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. Cōpia frūmentī ā servīs nōn cōnservābātur. _________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

4. Post proelium nōs ab imperātōre cōnfirmābāmur. _____________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

5. Laudanturne sānctī hominēs ā virīs bonīs? __________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

6. Rōma ab Americā longē abest._________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________


7. Silvae ab equitibus occupābuntur. _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

8. Laudāturne Senātus Rōmānus ā multīs virīs. ________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Omnēs rēs ā duce bonō administrābantur. __________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

10. Centuriōnēs ab imperātōre appellābantur._________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

11. Imperātor ā senātū vocābitur. __________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

S2W3

Exercise 209 (pg 187) Translate 1. Our free state will be preserved by free and brave men. _____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

2. All the soldiers will be called into the battle by the commander in chief; for the number of the enemy is large, and they are eager for victory. _____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

3. The faith was being kept by many renowned Christians. ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

4. Many foreign fields were being seized by the Roman soldiers. __________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

5. The leaders of the Gauls were often called by Caesar. ________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

6. The slaves were being called by the master. _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

7. The American state is being praised by all free men. _______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

S2W3

Exercise 210 (pg 187) Translate:

QUESTION. Administrāturne mundus ā Deō? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER. Mundus ā Deō et cōnservātur et administrātur. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Nam Deus in prīncipiō caelum et terram et omnēs rēs propter nōs hominēs fēcit1 et est hominum Pater. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

1: fecit: he made Nōs hominēs ā Deō cōnservāmur, et nōbis omnēs rēs ā Deō dantur. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


Vēritās et salus nōbīs ā Deō dantur; frūmentum et omnium rērum cōpia nōbīs2 ā Deō et parantur et cōnservantur. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2: Translate: for us Itaque in mortis perīculō ā nautis Deus appellātur; in bellī perīculis a mīlitibus appellātur; a mātribus et patribus, ā virīs et puerīs, ā Chrīstiānīs et ab omnibus hominibus semper et in omnibus locīs appellātur. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Nam Deus bonus est, et hominēs ab Eō semper adjuvantur et cōnfirmantur. Itaque Deus semper ab hominibus bonīs et sānctīs laudātur, nam Pater omnium hominum est. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

S2W3 Exercise 211 (pg 188) Translate Tum imperium populī Rōmānī a Caesare occupābātur. Vir fortis erat, nam ab eō et hostēs superābantur et amīcī cōnfirmābantur. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Post ējus mortem pāx ab imperatōribus Rōmānīs per arma et legiōnēs cōnfirmābātur. Nōn omnēs autem hominēs līberī erant, nam multī hominēs erant servī miserī. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


Pāx Rōmāna ab imperātōribus cōnfirmābātur, sed lībertās1 omnium hominum a Rōmānīs nōn cōnservābātur.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

1: lībertās, lībertātis: liberty (cf. līber)

Exercise 212 (pg 188) Translate Cīvitās Americāna ā mīlitibus fortibus cōnservātur et semper cōnservābitur. Mīlitēs Americānī

ab hostibus etiam fortibus nōn superābuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Virī Americānī propter virtūtem et fidem ā nōbīs et ab omnibus hominibus semper

laudābuntur.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ END OF WEEK 3



4 Lesson 17 - 19

pg 188- 199

246, 249, 252, 765,

247, 250, 253

#213, #216-219, #223-224, Reading No 8

192, 197

Exercises 207 – 213 – Assigned in Challenge B – #213

Exercise 213 (pg 190) [Honor Work] An Imaginary Speech Imagine that Rome is at war (and it generally was!). The political opponents of the government are criticizing the war policy of the administration and its generals. A spokesman for the government rises in the Roman Senate and speaks: Translate into LATIN: “The war is being managed by a brave leader. Before1 the war, all things were being prepared by him; grain and arms were being carried into the towns of the province by the slaves; hills and bridges were being seized by the legions; the courage of the soldiers was being strengthened by the centurions. __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

1: before: ante, prep. w/ acc.

S2W4

Exercise 213 cont.

Now, in the dangers of war, the general of the Roman legions is praised by both Roman soldiers and the enemy. For he has frightened the enemy, and their fear is the glory of a Roman general. __________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Why is he not praised by the Roman Senate? Why is he not helped by you all? GOOD men are now praising him and good men will always praise him.”

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Reply to this speech: Imagine that you are a leader of one of the parties opposed to the government. Write a short speech in Latin answering the arguments given above. Use words and constructions you know. Do not use any construction about which you are doubtful. 1: before: ante, prep. w/ acc.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

S2W4

LESSON 18: Present System Passive of the Second Conjugation; Ablative of Means (P 192 –

196)

1. Present system passive of the second conjugation (pg 192 - 194)

Assignment: Study the present, imperfect, and future indicative passive of the second conjugation,

Grammar Nos 246, 249, and 252. Notice that there is ONE change which does not follow the rules for

final personal signs given in Section 2 of Lesson 17. Monēbis becomes monēberis.

No. 246

Present Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. mon-eor - I am advised

2. mon-ēris - you are advised

3. mon-ētur - he, she, it are advised

Plural - 1. mon-ēmur - we are advised

2. mon-ēminī- you are advised

3. mon-entur– they are advised

No 249

Imperfect Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. mon-ēbar - I was being advised

2. mon-ēbāris- you was being advised

3. mon-ēbātur - he, she, it was being advised

Plural - 1. mon-ēbāmur - we were being advised

2. mon-ēbāminī- you were being advised

3. mon-ebāntur– they were being advised

No 252

Future Tense (Present Stem)

Singular – 1. mon-ēbor - I shall be advised

2. mon-ēberis- you will be advised

3. mon-ēbitur - he, she, it will be advised

Plural - 1. mon-ēbimur - we will be advised

2. mon-ēbiminī- you will be advised 3. mon-ebuntur– they will be advised

S2W4

Vocabulary (pg 192)

contineō, continēre, continuī, contentus, 2. tr. - restrain, hold in

obtineō, obtinēre, obtinūi, obtentus, 2. tr. - hold, occupy

aut, conj. - or

aut . . . aut, conj. - either . . . or

neque . . . neque, conj. - neither . . . or

postea, adv. - afterwards

Related English Words

A container.

Related Latin Words

Post: ea.

Review Vocabulary (pg 192)

terreō, 2. tr. - terrify

teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2. tr. - hold

videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. - see

S2W4

Exercises 214 – 217 (pg 193 – 194) – Assigned in Challenge B - # 216 – 217

Exercise 216 (pg 193) Translate:

1. Hostēs ab equitibus Rōmānīs saepe terrentur. _______________________________________

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2. Impetus hostium ā mīlitibus fortibus sustinēbitur. _____________________________________

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3. Multī puerī in agrīs vidēbantur. __________________________________________________

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ALL IN ONE HENLE LATIN NOTEBOOK CHALLENGE B ......ita, adv. - so, thus trāns, prep. w. acc. - across Note: Homō means a human being, a man as opposed to an animal; vir means a man