All About Presidents - thehomeschoolmom.com · All About Presidents The Office of the President of the United States ... The$president$must$be$over$age$35,$have$livedinthe$UnitedStates$for$14years$

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All About Presidents The Office of the President

of the United States

Notebooking Unit All About the Office of the President of the United States is a notebooking unit to learn about the office of President of the United States. Please respect the work we have put into this unit study by not redistributing it. You may direct friends to http://www.thehomeschoolmom.com/schoolroom/unit_studies/office-‐of-‐president-‐unit-‐study.php where they can download a copy. Enjoy!

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Presidents’ Day

What is Presidents’ Day? A Federal holiday to honor our past presidents. When is Presidents’ Day celebrated? The third Monday in February. 2/18/13 When was Presidents’ Day first celebrated? In 1880 it was celebrated in DC and made a Federal holiday in 1885. Washington’s birthday was officially moved in 1968 to the third Monday in February under the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. Currently known as President’s Day, the holiday has never officially been renamed. How do people celebrate Presidents’ Day? All Federal workers and schools get the day off.

History The office of the president was formulated within the Constitution. Read Article Two of the Constitution to answer the questions below.

What are the requirements to hold the office of president?

The president must be over age 35, have lived in the United States for 14 years and be a natural born citizen. What are the powers of the president? The President acts as the Commander-‐in-‐Chief of the U.S. Armed Forces, appoints Supreme Court judges and ambassadors, makes foreign treaties, greets foreign heads of state, and gives the State of the Union address. The President has veto powers over laws proposed by the Congress, can grant pardons, and bestow special honors.

What are the responsibilities of the president?

The President leads the government, commands the military, handles foreign affairs, signs amendments and

bills into law, and acts as the symbolic head of the country.

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A number of words have been removed from the text and placed in a word bank. Use the words from the word bank to fill in the blanks in the text. Write the words in the blanks provided.

Article. II.

Section. 1.

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office

during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as

follows:

Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to

the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress : but no

Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be

appointed an Elector.

The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors , and the Day on which they shall give their

Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.

No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this

Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President ; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who

shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United

States.

The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services , a Compensation, which shall neither be increased

nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that

Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them.

Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation : "I do

solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will

to the best of my Ability, preserve , protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."

Section. 2.

The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of

the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in

writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties

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of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the

United States, except in Cases of Impeachment .

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties , provided two thirds

of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate , and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate,

shall appoint Ambassadors , other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other

Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be

established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers , as they

think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments .

The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by

granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.

Section. 3.

He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their

Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions,

convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time

of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and

other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the

Officers of the United States.

Section. 4.

The President , Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on

Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors .

ADOPTION DISAGREEMENT LEGISLATURE PRINCIPALAFFIRMATION ELECTORS MISDEMEANORS RELATINGAMBASSADORS EMOLUMENT NOMINATE REPRIEVESAMBASSADORS EXECUTION OFFICERS SENATORSAPPOINTED EXTRAORDINARY OFFICERS SERVICESATTAINED FAITHFULLY OTHERWISE THROUGHOUTCONGRESS FAITHFULLY PRESERVE TOGETHERCONGRESS FOURTEEN PRESIDENT TREATIESCONGRESS GRANTING PRESIDENT VACANCIESCONSIDERATION IMPEACHMENT PRESIDENTDEPARTMENTS IMPEACHMENT PRESIDENT



Presidential Promises What are the words to the presidential oath of office? I [name] do solemnly swear (of affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States,

and to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.

When and where does this oath take place? The president must be sworn in before noon on the January 20th following the election as outlined in Amendment 20 of the Constitution. The location is not defined in the Constitution. Recent ceremonies have been on the west side of the Capital.

What is the State of the Union address? A speech given by the president to Congress to report on how things are going in government. Currently the

speech is now televised so the American people can hear it.

Why and where does the address take place? The speech is given in the House of Representative’s chamber at the US Capital building. It is usually given in

January. The Constitution mandates that the President give the speech but not when and where.

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Presidential Perks

Learn about the following perks that the president enjoys. White House: The White House is the official residence of the first family. It has 132 rooms and 35 bathrooms. The current White House has a tennis court, a jogging track, a swimming pool, a movie theater, a billiard room, and a bowling lane. Camp David: Camp David is a recreational retreat for the president located 70 miles from the White House in Thurmond, Maryland. President Eisenhower named the retreat center after his son. It has 11 cabins, a swimming pool, a skeet-‐shooting range, and a bowling alley. Air Force One: Air Force One is the specially designed Boeing 747-‐200B airplane the president uses. The president has a personal suite with an office, a bedroom, a bathroom and a workout room. The airplane

has three levels; the top is for communications, the middle for passengers, and the bottom for cargo.

Marine One: Marine One is the helicopter the president uses for short distance travels. There are several Sikorsky VH-3D Sea King and VH-60N Black Hawk helicopters that travel together. The helicopter the president is

riding in is called Marine One. The other identical helicopters act as security and decoys. Cadillac One: Cadillac One is name given to the president’s ground transportation vehicle. Also called “the Beast”, these vehicles have infra-‐red video feeds for driving, 5 inch thick armor plated sides, an oxygen

supply, and a fire fighting system in the trunk. The vehicle can shoot tear gas and smoke grenades if needed.

Secret Service: In 1922, the Secret Service Uniformed Division was created as the police force for the White House. The Secret Service protects the President, Vice-‐President and their families. They provide

Security to the White House, the VP’s residence, and the Treasury building.

Presidential Staff: The president’s personal staff includes a chief usher who in in charge of all staff. In the kitchen there is an executive chef, an executive pastry chef and four sous chefs. The president has a personal

physician , a social secretary, a chief of protocol, a chief calligrapher and a chief floral designer.

Blair House: Blair House is the official guest house for the President. It is four linked townhouses across from the White House. It used for housing foreign heads of state. The president-‐elect stays there before his

inauguration. The Blair House has 119 rooms and is bigger than the White House.

Salary: The current salary for the president is $400,000 a year. He pays taxes on his salary. He also has a Annual travel and entertaining budget of around $120,000. There are no taxes on this money.

Pension: Retired presidents receive a lifetime annual pension, Secret Service protection, medical insurance, and allowances for travel, staff, and an office. Congress annually votes on the amounts for each. Currently, the pension is $199,700.

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Create a timeline of U.S. Presidents

President Years in Office

George Washington 1789 – 1797 John Adams 1797 – 1801

Thomas Jefferson 1801 – 1809 James Madison 1809 – 1817 James Monroe 1817 – 1825

John Quincy Adams 1825 – 1829 Andrew Jackson 1829 – 1837 Martin Van Buren 1837 – 1841

William Henry Harrison 1841 – 1841 John Tyler 1841 – 1845

James Knox Polk 1845 -‐ 1849 Zachary Taylor 1849 – 1850 Millard Fillmore 1850 – 1853 Franklin Pierce 1853 – 1857 James Buchanan 1857 – 1861 Abraham Lincoln 1861 – 1865 Andrew Jackson 1865 – 1869 Ulysses S. Grant 1869 – 1877 James A. Garfield 1881 – 1881 Chester A. Arthur 1881 – 1885 Grover Cleveland 1885 – 1889 Benjamin Harrison 1889 – 1893 Grover Cleveland 1893 – 1897 William McKinley 1897 – 1901 Theodore Roosevelt 1901 – 1909 William Howard Taft 1909 – 1913 Woodrow Wilson 1913 – 1921 Warren G. Harding 1921 – 1923 Calvin Coolidge 1923 – 1929 Herbert Hoover 1929 – 1933

Franklin D. Roosevelt 1933 – 1945 Harry S. Truman 1945 – 1953

Dwight D. Eisenhower 1953 – 1961 John F. Kennedy 1961 -‐ 1963

Lyndon Baines Johnson 1963 – 1969 Richard M. Nixon 1969 – 1974 Gerald R. Ford 1974 – 4977 Jimmy Carter 1977 – 1981 Ronald Reagan 1981 – 1989

George H. W. Bush 1989 – 1924 William Jefferson Clinton 1993 – 2001

George W. Bush 2001 – 2009 Barack Obama 2009 -‐ present

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ABRAHAM LINCOLN GROVER CLEVELAND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS THEODORE ROOSEVELTANDREW JACKSON GROVER CLEVELAND LYNDON B. JOHNSON THOMAS JEFFERSONANDREW JACKSON JAMES GARFIELD MARTIN VAN BUREN WARREN G. HARDINGBARACK OBAMA JAMES KNOW POLK RICHARD NIXON WARREN G. HARDINGGEORGE W. BUSH JOHN ADAMS RONALD REAGAN WILLIAM HENRY HARRISONGROVER CLEVELAND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS

1. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON The first president to die while in office.

2. LYNDON B. JOHNSON The first president sworn in by a woman

3. GROVER CLEVELAND The first president to have a baby born in the White House

4. GROVER CLEVELAND The first president to be married in the White House

5. ANDREW JACKSON The first president to ride on a train

6. WARREN G. HARDING The first president to speak on the radio

7. RONALD REAGAN The first president to appoint a woman to the U.S. Supreme Court

8. ANDREW JACKSON The first “log cabin” president, one who was born and raised on the frontier

9. JOHN ADAMS The first president to live in the White House

10. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS The first president to wear long The first president to wear long pants

11. ABRAHAM LINCOLN The first president to be assassinated while in office

12. THOMAS JEFFERSON The first president to be elected in an Electoral College tie

13. JAMES KNOW POLK The first president to have his inauguration reported by telegraph

14. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS The first president to have his photo taken

15. THEODORE ROOSEVELT The first president to receive a Nobel Peace Prize

16. BARACK OBAMA The first African American president

17. GEORGE W. BUSH The first president elected by a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court

18. MARTIN VAN BUREN The first president born a U.S. citizen

19. RICHARD NIXON The first president to resign from office

20. JAMES GARFIELD The first president to write with his left hand

21. GROVER CLEVELAND The first president to be elected to two terms that were not back to back

22. WARREN G. HARDING The first president elected by women voters



Presidents’ Nicknames Discover who the president is behind the nickname. What led people to give these presidents their nicknames? Big Bill William Howard Taft -‐ he weighed over 300 lbs.

Comeback Kid Bill Clinton was Governor of Arkansas. Lost re-‐election, but won again the next term.

Dark Horse James Garfield -‐ A “Dark Horse Candidate” is a person about whom little is known, has little chance of winning, and then wins anyway.

Dubya George W. Bush-‐ in reference to his middle initial and how it is pronounced in Texas

Father of the Constitution James Madison -‐ for his work on the Constitution

Gentleman Boss Chester Arthur had fancy tastes and good manners.

Haberdasher Harry Harry S. Truman -‐ in reference to the mens clothing store he ran (Haberdashery)

His Accidency John Tyler took over the office after the sudden death of William Henry Harrison. Many people felt he was just acting as president.

His Rotundity John Adams -‐ due to his large size

Idol of Ohio William McKinley as he was from Ohio.

Ike Dwight D. Eisenhower received this nickname from his parents when he was young

Jimmy Jimmy Carter, whose real name is James -‐ he officially used Jimmy as president.

King of Camelot The Kennedys were considered American royalty. The White House was called Camelot during his administration. Therefore, John F. Kennedy was the king,

Landslide Lyndon Lyndon B Johnson won the 1964 election by a landslide.

Little Ben Benjamin Harrison was small in stature

Mr. Nice Guy Gerald Ford -‐ Research does not indicate why he nicknamed Mr. Nice Guy.

O’bomber Barack Obama was known as Barry O’bomber in high school for his jump shot.

Old Buck James Buchanan worked in public service for 40 years before becoming president.

Old Hickory Strict discipline during the war of 1812 earned Andrew Jackson this nickname

Old Kinderhook Martin Van Buren was born in Kinderhook, New York.

Old Man Eloquent John Quincy Adams earned this nickname while serving seventeen years in Congress.

Old Rough and Ready Zachary Taylor earned his nickname because of his untidy appearance and willingness to fight alongside his troops.

Old Tippecanoe William Henry Harrison earned fame and his nickname from his military service in the battle on the Tippecanoe River.

Poppy George H. W. Bush’s nickname distinguished him from his son of the same name.

Silent Cal Calvin Coolidge was rumored to not speak well and so he seldom spoke aloud.

Teddy Theodore Roosevelt, nicknamed Teddy, had a stuffed bear toy named after him.

The Father of our Country George Washington earned this nickname as he was the first president.

The Gipper Ronald Reagan played the role of George “The Gipper” Gipp in the film Knute Rockne, All American in 1940.

The Great Emancipator Abraham Lincoln is famous for his Emancipation Proclamation which freed slaves

The Preacher President James Garfield was once a preacher

Tricky Dick Richard Nixon -‐ because of the Watergate scandal.

Unconditional Surrender Ulysses S. Grant nickname is both a play on his initials and words he used in a speech at Fort Donelson calling for an unconditional and immediate surrender.

Young Hickory James Polk was backed by Andrew Jackson (Old Hickory)

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The Secret Service was established in 1865 to stop the counterfeiting of U.S. currency. In 1901, after the assassination of William McKinley, Congress requested the Secret Service add guarding the president to its mission. Today, the Secret Service protects the president and the first family, former presidents, presidential candidates, and foreign heads of state. The Secret Service also provides security at special national events.

CAPRI ENERGY PINAFORE RENAISSANCE TRANQUILITYCELTIC EVERGREEN PROVIDENCE RENEGADE TUMBLERDANCER LACE RADIANCE ROSEBUD VENUSDEACON LANCER RAINBOW SEARCHLIGHT VICTORIAEAGLE LYRIC RAWHIDE TIMBERWOLF VOLUNTEER

X K Z F E Z H L R A I N B O W K X Z I A M

K P R O V I D E N C E A L Y R A W H I D E

E P I N A F O R E B V O L U N T E E R X J

N R T D S G I K R J Y Q B F T D E A C O N

E O R A U S E A R C H L I G H T I R V J I

R S A N M D K V S O W D R J B E Y N Q R O

G E N C B T I M B E R W O L F V C C U A U

Y B Q E L Y R I C U M J A S J I U U H D C

V U U R O E V E R G R E E N L C E L T I C

Q D I O S E D G H Z L P V S E A S Z D A N

A E L L D R S J F G L A C E Y P G X G N X

L R I Z M A Y R I C F V G O P R J O C C T

A V T V R I J I K V H Q J J R I S Z N E E

N E Y K B M J V Y R E N E G A D E I N U A

C N J P I Q K B M V Z A U Q R V B A X H G

E U P T U M B L E R X F R L N D S H I V L

R S V P Q J X Q V I C T O R I A E C X D E

G H E B R A P N R E N A I S S A N C E M F



Secret Service Names The Secret Service assigns code names to the president and the first family. Find out to whom the following code names belong. Dancer, Dasher, and Dynamo Dancer is Rosalynn Carter, Dasher is Jimmy Carter, and Dynamo is Amy Carter. Eagle, Energy, and Evergreen Eagle is Bill Clinton, Energy is Chelsea Clinton, and Evergreen is Hilary Clinton Lace, Lancer, Lark, and Lyric Lace is Jacqueline Kennedy, Lancer is John F. Kennedy, Lark is John F. Kennedy Jr., and Lyric is Caroline Kennedy Passkey and Pinafore Passkey is Gerald Ford Pinafore is Betty Ford Radiance, Renaissance, Renegade, and Rosebud Radiance is Malia Obama, Renaissance is Michelle Obama, Renegade is Barack Obama, and Rosebud is Sasha Obama Rainbow and Rawhide Rainbow is Nancy Reagan Rawhide is Ronald Reagan Searchlight and Starlight Searchlight is Richard M. Nixon Starlight is Pat Nixon Timberwolf and Tranquility Timberwolf is George H. W. Bush Tranquility is Barbara Bush Tumbler, Tempo, Twinkle, and Turquoise Tumbler is George W. Bush, Tempo is Laura Bush, Twinkle is Jenna Bush, and Turquoise is Barbara Bush Victoria and Volunteer Victoria is Ladybird Volunteer is Lyndon B. Johnson

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Invent Your Secret Service Name If you were being protected by the Secret Service, what would your code name be? Check out the following CNN-‐backed website to generate a code name for you and your family members or use your imagination to make up your own code names. http://www.hlntv.com/interactive/2012/08/27/whats-‐your-‐secret-‐service-‐name You:

Mother:

Father:

Sister:

Brother:

Grandmother/Paternal:

Grandfather/Paternal:

Grandmother/Maternal:

Grandfather/Maternal:

Best friends or additional siblings:

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Presidential Slogans Discover which campaign slogan goes with which president. Give a brief explanation of how the slogan was created. 54-‐40 or fight: James K. Polk used this campaign slogan. Polk wanted to expand the United States to include Texas, California, and the Oregon Territory. The northern boundary of the Oregon Territory was the latitude line of 54 degrees, 40 minutes. A chicken in every pot and a car in every garage: Herbert Hoover used this slogan which implied continued prosperity. It is famous because the Great Depression occurred after he was elected. A full dinner pail: This slogan was used to refer to the prosperity during William McKinley’s first term.

For president of the people: Zachary Taylor (no special meaning)

He kept us out of war: Woodrow Wilson used this slogan to narrowly win re-‐election for a second term. Ironically, the U.S. would enter WWI in 1917 during Wilson’s second term in office.

Hope and Change: Barack Obama used this campaign slogan for his first run at the White House. I Like Ike: Dwight D. Eisenhower was called Ike by his parents. It’s morning again in America: A Republican party campaign TV ad for Ronald Reagan in 1984. The ad literally showed people going to work, but figuratively, it represented good economic times.

Keep cool with Coolidge: A catchy play on words using Calvin Coolidge’s name. Kinder, Gentler Nation: In his acceptance speech at the 1988 Republican National Convention, George H. W. Bush said, “I want a kinder, and gentler nation.”

Not Just Peanuts: Jimmy Carter used this slogan in the 1976 election. He was referring to his work and success in taking over the family peanut farm business.

Peace and Prosperity: Dwight D. Eisenhower was a top military general during WWII. His second term as president he tried hard to avoid war and used this campaign slogan to get re-‐elected.

Putting People First: Bill Clinton used this slogan in his 1992 campaign brochure. “Putting People First” encouraged jobs, a good education, affordable health care, and safe neighborhood for middle

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class Americans. Real Plans for real people: In the 2000 election, George W. Bush used this slogan to refer to a promise to talk honestly to the American people.

Tippecanoe and Tyler too: William Henry Harrison fought in the battle of Tippecanoe during the 1790’s. His fame from those battles earned him the name “Old Tippecanoe”. With John Tyler as his running mate, Old Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too became a campaign slogan as well as a song.

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Presidents and Important Events The following historical events occurred on their watch. Find out which president was in office during each time in U.S. History. Write a brief summary defining each event. 14th Amendment Andrew Johnson -‐ The 14th Amendment gave citizenship to all people born in the United States, including Native Americans and former slaves.

15th Amendment Ulysses S. Grant -‐ The 15th Amendment granted African American men (all male citizens) the right to vote.

9/11 Terrorist Attacks George W. Bush was president when terrorists crash landed four hijacked airplanes into the Pentagon, World Trade Center buildings, and Pennsylvania landscape.

Hawaiian Islands Annexation William McKinley wanted to the US to have a base in the Pacific to help with trade to China. Islands were annexed in 1898

Fall of the Berlin Wall Ronald Reagan was president when a wall built in WWII in the city of Berlin separated free Germans of West Berlin from those in East Berlin. Signaled an end to the cold war in Europe.

British soldiers set fire to the White House, the Capital, and other buildings in Washington, DC. James Madison -‐ It is said his wife Dolly rescued the portrait of George Washington from a burning White House.

California Gold Rush James Knox Polk -‐ Gold was discovered in California in 1848. Many men left their homes to seek a fortune as miners. Camp David Accords Jimmy Carter hosted leaders from Israel and Egypt at the presidential retreat of Camp David. The peace treaty signed there is called the Camp David Accords.

Chinese Exclusion Act Chester Arthur signed this federal law in 1882. The law stopped Chinese immigration into the United States.

Establishment of Civil Service Commission Chester A. Arthur created the Civil Service commission and exam to make sure workers chosen were the best candidates for government jobs.

Compromise of 1850 A set of five bills Millard Fillmore signed into law. 1. Admit California as a free state. 2. Settle the Texas boundary and pay compensation for it. 3. Grant territorial status to New Mexico. 4. Place federal officers at the disposal of slaveholders seeking fugitives. 5. Abolish slave trade in DC. Compromise of 1877 The 1876 election was so close there was no clear winner. Republican leaders made a deal with Democratic leaders to put Rutherford B Hayes in the White House. In return, all Federal troops would withdraw from the South, marking the end of the Reconstruction Era. Construction of Panama Canal Theodore Roosevelt was successful in buying the Canal Zone from the newly formed country of Panama. Construction took about ten years and cost about $375,000,000.

Dedication of the Statue of Liberty Grover Cleveland dedicated the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor on October 28, 1886. The statue was a gift from France to honor the French-‐American alliance during the Revolutionary War. Emancipation Proclamation Abraham Lincoln issued this proclamation on January 1, 1863. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are, and henceforward shall be, free." Establishment of Trade with Japan Millard Fillmore sent Commodore

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Matthew Perry to Japan to speak with Japanese rulers to open trade.

Exxon Valdez Disaster The Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground in Alaska spilling oil and causing the worst environmental disaster during the watch of George H. W. Bush

Fair Deal Harry S. Truman’s plan for the country to expand Social Security, create new wage and hour laws, provide public housing, and change hiring practices to prevent racial discrimination.

Kansas-‐Nebraska Act Franklin Pierce signed the Kansas-‐Nebraska Act which repealed the Missouri Compromise, allowing slavery in the territories north of the 36° 30´ latitude

Formation of League of Nations After WWI, Woodrow Wilson met with other European nations to create the League of Nations. The goal of this organization was to create a plan for lasting world peace.

Lewis and Clark Expedition Thomas Jefferson commissioned explorers Merriweather Lewis and William Clark to find a water and land route across America for the purpose of commerce.

Louisiana Purchase In 1803, Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from the French. Buying the land almost doubled the size of the United States.

Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny was the belief that the United States should expand its borders from coast to coast. During his term, James Knox Polk increased the size of the US by two thirds.

Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state while Maine entered as a free state. James Monroe was the president at the time.

Establishment of National Parks Ulysses S. Grant established the first National Park, called Yellowstone, in 1872. Formation of NATO Harry S. Truman helped form NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), which united governments from the United States, Western Europe, and Canada.

Oregon Trail James K. Polk was president during the time of the Oregon Trail. Families left the east traveling overland to the Oregon Territory to homestead. Establishment of Peace Corps John F. Kenney signed the executive order establishing the Peace Corps. Purchase of Panama Canal Lands Theodore Roosevelt bought the Panama canal lands in 1902. Seward’s Folly Andrew Johnson was president when the United States bought Alaska from Russia in 1867. Many people thought it was foolish and called it “Seward’s Folly” after the Secretary of State who signed the treaty. Sherman Anti-‐Trust Act Benjamin Harrison passed the Sherman Anti-‐Trust Act in 1890. It outlawed the practice of one company controlling an entire industry.

Teapot Dome Scandal After Warren G. Harding died in office, it was discovered that one of his cabinet members had taken a bribe to allow private drilling of oil on public lands in the Teapot Dome area of Wyoming. The Dred Scott Affair James Buchanan was president when Dred Scott, a slave in Missouri, moved to free state Illinois and tried to sue for his freedom. Supreme Court ruled he was property and not a citizen.

The Great Depression The Great Depression was a severe economic slump beginning in 1929 during President Herbert Hoover’s time in office. Many people lost their jobs, homes, and endured severe famine.

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The Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine is a declaration made by President James Monroe warning other countries that efforts to colonize in North America would be considered an act of aggression.

The New Deal The New Deal was a program created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt ,which created jobs and helped regulate the banking industry.

The Panic of 1837 Shortly after Martin Van Buren took office, banks closed, businesses closed, and people lost their jobs. This recession was the first in American history and lasted three years.

The Trail of Tears While Martin Van Buren was president, Federal troops forced thousands of Cherokee Indians to relocate from Georgia to what is now Oklahoma. Many Cherokees died during the trip. Their route is called the Trail of Tears. The XYZ Affair President John Adams sent leaders to discuss a peace treaty with France. The French demanded a bribe. The Frenchmen were identified only as “X”, “Y” and “Z”.

Treaty of Ghent James Madison ended the War of 1812 by signing the Treaty of Ghent with the British. One result of the treaty established a boundary or border between the United States and Canada.

Treaty of Versailles President Woodrow Wilson’s efforts on the Treaty of Versailles helped him earn a Nobel Peace Prize. Ultimately rejected by the US Congress, the Treaty was created to stabilize Europe after WWI. Truman Doctrine A policy set forth by President Harry S. Truman which called for the US to help any country fighting to remain a free from Communist rule.

U.S. Lunar Mission On July 29, 1969, during Richard M. Nixon’s first term, American astronauts landed on the moon. United Nations established On October 24, 1945, Harry S. Truman helped establish the United Nations. This organization is designed to prevent wars, protect people’s rights and give economic aid to countries in need. Watergate Scandal Richard Nixon lied to Congress and was impeached over his role in the cover up of a burglary at the Democratic Party National Committee offices located in the Watergate Hotel.

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Presidents and Wars Managing conflicts and wars is an unpleasant job duty of the president. Learn about the following wars, the country or group with which the United States was in conflict, and which president was in office at the time. Barbary Wars Presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were in office during the Barbary Wars. The US fought against northern African nations who were acting as pirates against US merchant ships. Civil War Abraham Lincoln is best known for his role in the Civil War between the southern slave Confederate states and the northern Union states.

Creek War In 1812, the Creek Nation, divided by religious differences within its tribes, launched an attack on Fort Mims in Alabama. After killing innocent white families at the fort, three US armies retaliated throughout Alabama and Georgia in 1813, while James Madison was President. Granada President Ronald Reagan made the decision to occupy and replace the poorly run socialist government of Granada.

Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina Cooperating with NATO wishes, President Bill Clinton sent U.S. troops to Bosnia and Herzegovina to help keep peace and defend human rights.

Invasion of Afghanistan George W. Bush sent U.S. forces into Afghanistan to destroy terrorist organizations using the country as its base. This was the first response after the September 11th attacks. Invasion of Iraq George W. Bush sent U.S. troop into Iraq to remove Saddam Hussein from power. Korean War Harry Truman was president when North Korean armies crossed into and attacked South Korea. U.S. troops came to South Korea’s aid. The war ended in July 1953 as Dwight D. Eisenhower took office. Mexican American War James Knox Polk was president during the Mexican American War. The war with Mexico was over a dispute on the border lines of Texas after it was annexed.

Persian Gulf War Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, resulting in George H. W. Bush sending U.S. Troops into Iraq. Other NATO nations also sent troops.

Spanish-‐American War William McKinley was president in 1898 when the U.S. declared war against Spain after the sinking of a U.S. battleship in Havana harbor. It ended Spanish control of overseas territories. US invasion of Panama George H. W. Bush authorized the invasion of Panama to arrest and remove from power Panama’s dictator, Manuel Noriega. Noriega was convicted of trafficking drugs to the U.S.

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Vietnam War The Vietnam War lasted from 1959 to 1975. Four presidents led the U.S during this time; Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Baines Johnson and Richard Nixon. The U.S. leaders were dedicated to stopping the spread of Communism and sent troops to Vietnam with that goal. War of 1812 The War of 1812 is often called the “Second war of Independence”. U.S. military fought against the British to defends its territories and states. James Madison was the president during this time. War of Texas Independence Andrew Jackson was president during this time when Texas militia fought the Mexican army over Texas Independence. World War I Woodrow Wilson was president during WWI when U.S. troops allied with Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and Japan fought a muddy territorial war in Europe against Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Turkey. World War II Franklin Roosevelt was president during the bulk of WWII where U.S. troops fought Germany and Japan on two fronts. Harry S. Truman authorized the dropping of the atomic bomb in Japan in efforts to end the war.

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Managing conflicts and wars is an unpleasant duty of the President. Find out which President was in office at the time of the following hostilities.

ACROSS1. War of Texas Independence

4. Barbary Wars

5. Korean War

7. Spanish-American War

8. Franco-American War

12. Invasion of Iraq

13. Civil War

14. World War I

15. Mexican American War

16. Seminole War

17. World War II

DOWN

2. Bay of Pigs Invasion

3. Revolutionary War

4. Vietnam War

6. Granada

9. War or 1812

10. Bosnia and Herzegovina

11. Persian Gulf War

ADAMS JACKSON LINCOLN POLK TRUMANCLINTON JEFFERSON MADISON REAGAN WASHINGTONGHW BUSH JOHNSON MCKINLEY ROOSEVELT WILSONGW BUSH KENNEDY MONROE

1J A C

2K S O N

E3W N

A N4J E F F E R S O N E

5T

6R U M A N

O H D E

H7M C K I N L E Y

8A D A

9M S

10C N N

11G G A

L S12G W B U S H A D

13L I N C O L N T

14W I L S O N I

N N15P O L K B S

T N U O16M O N R O E

17R O O S E V E L T N

N H


Presidential Fun Facts Find out which president is associated with the following fun facts.

James Monroe This president began the tradition of the U.S. Marine Band playing at the inauguration.

William Howard Taft This president began the tradition of throwing out the first pitch on opening day of baseball season.

William Henry Harrison This president delivered the longest inauguration speech in history at 1 hour and 40 minutes.

Warren G. Harding This president gambled and lost a set of White House China.

John Tyler This president had the most children: 15 in all.

William Henry Harrison This president had the shortest term in office: one month.

Gerald Ford This president held his daughter’s high school prom at the White House

James A. Garfield This president is the last president to be born in a log cabin.

William McKinley This president is the last president to serve in the Civil War.

William Howard Taft This president is the only man to serve both as President and U.S. Supreme Court Justice.

Abraham Lincoln This president is the tallest, standing at 6’ 4”.

Gerald ford This president was not elected president or vice president

Zachary Taylor This president never voted in a presidential election.

George Washington This president received 100 percent of the electoral votes.

Ulysses S. Grant This president received a speeding ticket as acting president while driving a horse and carriage.

Franklin D. Roosevelt This president served in the office the longest.

Thomas Jefferson This president sold his library of 6000 books to the Library of Congress.

Rutherford B. Hayes This president took his oath of office in secret.

Andrew Jackson This president was a prisoner of war.

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Herbert Hoover This president was an orphan by the time he was 9 years old.

John F. Kennedy This president was Catholic.

Andrew Johnson This president was the first president whom Congress tried to impeach.

Ronald Reagan This president was the oldest elected president.

Ronald Reagan This president was the only president who was a movie star.

James Madison This president was the smallest to hold office, weighing less than 100 lbs. and standing a mere 5’ 4”.

Theodore Roosevelt This president was the youngest elected president.

John Quincy Adams This president worked for each of the first five presidents.

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Presidents are aligned with a particular political party. Learn about the ideologies of the parties listed below. Write a paragraph listing the tenets of each.

1. Federalist:

2. Democratic-Republican:

3. Know-Nothings:

4. Whigs:

5. Republican:

6. Democratic:


maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.history.com/topics/know-nothing-party

http://www.history.com/topics/know-nothing-party

maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.history.com/topics/federalist-party

http://www.history.com/topics/federalist-party

maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.history.com/topics/whig-party

http://www.history.com/topics/whig-party

maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/republican-party-founded

maryann

Typewritten Text

maryann

Typewritten Text

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/republican-party-founded

maryann

Typewritten Text

and http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php

http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php

maryann

Typewritten Text

and http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php

http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/platforms.php

maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/157244/Democratic-Party

maryann

Typewritten Text

See http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=881

http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=881

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/157244/Democratic-Party

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