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GROUP MEMBERS :
-MUHAMAD SAHLI B MUDA-NURUL HANA BALQIS BAHAROM-NAPSIAH ABDUL RAHMAN
ALKYNESNaming and physical properties of alkynes
INTRODUCTION TO ALKYNES
Contain a C-CTriple bonds
Also called ACETYLENES bcoz
they are derivatives of acetylene, the simplest
alkyne
Hydrocarbon(only have C and H)
A triple bond gives alkynes 4 fewer H than
alkane.
Contributes two elements of unsaturation
acetylene
ethylacetylene
dimethylacetylene
DERIVATIVE OF ACETYLENES
ETHYNE
CnH2n-2
MOLECULAR FORMULA OF ALKYNES
GENERAL MOLECULAR
FORMULA
NOMENCLATUREOF ALKYNES
IUPAC names
Find longest continuous chain of carbon atoms includes the triple bond
Change the –ane ending of parent alkane to -yne
Chain is numbered from end closest to
triple bond
Substituents are given numbers to indicate
their locations
When additional func. Group present, suffix combined to produce compound names.
EXAMPLES
H3C C
CH3
C C CH2 C CH3
Br
H H
2-butyne
Ethyne (acetylene)
6-bromo-2-methyl-3-heptyne
IUP
AC
NA
ME
OF
AL
KY
NE
S
1-butyne or but-1-yne
5-methyl-2-hexyne or5-methylhex-2-yne
3-methyl-1-butyne
cyclohexylethyne
1-penten-4-yne
3-butyn-2-ol
NAMING ALKYNES WHEN ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONAL GROUP ARE PRESENT
COMMON NAME
Describe alkynes as derivatives of
acetylene
Can be named as molecule of acetylene with one or
two alkyl substituents
examples
acetylene
dimethylacetylene
diphenylacetylene
COMMON NAME OF ALKYNES
Terminal alkynes Internal alkynes
TYPE OF ALKYNES
1-butyne 2-butyne
VISUAL OF NAMING ALKYNES
EXERCISEnomenclature
Click on the diagram to watch animation
PHYSICAL PROPERTIESOF ALKYNES
CONTINUE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKYNES
alkynes are non-polar and are insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar organic solvents.
Boiling PointsCompared to alkanes and
alkenes, alkynes have a slightly higher boiling point.
AcidityThe acidity of terminal alkynes
compared to alkenes and alkanes are stronger.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
ALKYNES
Alkynes are colorless
Acetylene possesses a pleasant odor when
pure.
liquid acetylene is highly explosive.
LET’S THINK AND ANSWER
THE QUIZ!!
CLICK HERE TO ANSWER QUIZ