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MHEONLINE Algebra 1 POWs
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The Problem
A pentomino is an arrangement of 5 squares placed together
so that each square shares at least one side with another
square. In this problem, pretend that ants always crawl to the
right and down as they go from point A to point X. If each ant
must take a different path, determine which pentomino shape
below will permit the most ants to arrive at point X.
Strategies and Hints
1. Be certain that you understand the conditions of the
problem. Which two directions can ants travel?
Which directions can they not travel?
2. Try solving the problem using �easier� pentominoes such
as these.
3. Simplify the original problem by having the ants always
begin by following paths for which the beginning two
moves are down.
4. Number the corners as you go from 1 to the end with the
number of ways it is possible to get to each corner. Many
of the outside points will have the number 1.
Problem-of-the-WeekPuzzling Pentomino Paths
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
X
A
X
A
A
X
A
X
Problem-of-the-WeekA Disturbing Distribution
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lencoe D
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Macm
illan/M
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raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
There is a distributive property for multiplication over addition.
Do you think there is a distributive property for addition over
multiplication? Such a property would be represented by the
algebraic sentence, a + (b ⋅ c) = (a + b) ⋅ (a + c).
Does this property hold for whole numbers? Try it by letting
a = 2, b = 3, and c = 4.
Does the property hold for fractions? Try some and see. Now
test the property for a = , b = , and c = . Find other
combinations of fractions for which the statement is true. What
relationship must the fractions have for them to satisfy the
statement? Explain why the statement is true for fractions with
this relationship.
Strategies and Hints
1. Express the fractions you use with common denominators.
2. What is the sum of each set of fractions that you can use in
the statement?
3. To explain why this happens, use fractions such as , ,
and to do the arithmetic.
Extensions
1. Do these fractions also satisfy a possible distributive
property of subtraction over multiplication?
2. Do these fractions satisfy possible distributive properties of
addition or subtraction over division?
1_6
c__de__
f
a__b
1_4
7__12
Problem-of-the-WeekBaffling Birthdays
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Suzanne was having a party at her house. The group was
discussing birthdays and talking about planning parties. After
listening for a while Suzanne said, �There is something
interesting about my birthday. Two days ago I was 13, but next
year I�ll be 16.� If Suzanne was telling the truth, what kind of
party was she having?
Strategies and Hints
1. Read the problem carefully so you understand exactly what
Suzanne said.
2. List several kinds of parties Suzanne might be having.
3. Determine the dates of specific types of parties. For
example, a Valentine�s Day party would occur on February
14.
4. What important things would you list if you were making a
chart to solve this problem?
Problem-of-the-WeekPop Your Balloon
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lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
The Fantasy Travel Agency is offering 25% off the
admission fee to an amusement park to people who can
win this contest against another player. The object is to pop
the last of 21 balloons that are tied together for the contest.
The rules are:
1. There are 21 balloons in a bunch.
2. Two players must take turns popping exactly 1 or 2
balloons on each of their turns.
3. The player who pops the last balloon is the winner of
the contest and gets the prize.
Can you figure out how to win the prize each time you
take part in the contest?
Strategies and Hints
1. Can you make this an easier problem? Could you start
with fewer than 21 balloons?
2. Are there some �good� numbers of balloons you want
to use?
3. Are there some �bad� numbers of balloons you don�t
want your opponent to use?
4. What number is a �good� number for you just before
you get to 10? What would be a number that could help
you get to that number?
5. Do �good� numbers have a property that you can
describe?
Extensions
1. How would you win if there were 15 balloons and each
of you could pop exactly 1, 2, or 3 balloons?
2. How would your strategy change if the player who
pops the last balloon loses?
Problem-of-the-WeekBanner Bonanza
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
The school band is making a large banner for its annual fall
concert. After the band members worked for one hour, the
band director entered the room and asked how many feet long
the completed banner would be. The trombone section leader
replied, �We�re not sure. The trombone section and the
clarinet section work at different rates, but we are sure that
the length of the banner will be 40 feet and the total
banner�s length.�
How long will the banner be?
Strategies and Hints
1. If the band director told the group that the banner should
be more than 45 feet long, what would be their reply?
2. Could the algebra teacher have helped the band teacher
determine how long the banner would be? How?
3. Identify the variables for the problem and write an
equation.
Extension
If the length of another banner made by the clarinet section is
15 feet plus of the length of the total banner, how long is
their banner?
1_2
1_3
Problem-of-the-WeekA Printer�s Problem
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lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
A printing company agreed to publish a book about Western
history. When they were numbering the pages of the book,
they noticed that they had used 2989 digits. How many pages
long was the book they agreed to publish?
Strategies and Hints
1. Simplify the problem.
2. See if you can identify the pattern for different numbers
of pages.
3. Try to estimate the solution.
Problem-of-the-WeekMovie Madness
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
José and Mike are members of a school video club. They
were discussing sharing homemade videotapes. When
José asked to borrow Mike�s videos, Mike replied: �Each
video completely fills one videotape. I have just one
videotape at home. However, I used to have lots of
tapes. I gave of my videotapes plus a tape to JoAnne.
I gave of my remaining videotapes and a tape to
Maritza. Lastly, I gave of my remaining videotapes and
a tape to Jeff.�
How many videotapes did Mike have originally? Why
could JoAnne, Maritza, and Jeff watch all of the
videotapes that Mike gave them?
Strategies and Hints
1. Be sure you understand the conditions of the problem.
Discuss with others how Mike can share a videotape.
2. Try to solve the problem using smaller numbers of
videotapes. For instance, you might try 7 or 8 tapes.
3. Make a chart using different numbers of videotapes.
Extension
If the video club used the procedure Mike followed and
gave videotapes to 12 students, how many tapes did they
have in their library?
1_2
1_2
1_2
1_2
1_21_
21_2
Problem-of-the-WeekSpooky Spelunking
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lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
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raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
Travis and Maria are avid spelunkers (cave explorers). Most
of the caves they explore have many chambers with one, two,
or more openings in and out of them. The cave they just
entered is very strange. After they go through any opening, a
boulder or pile of rocks falls into the opening, closing the
pathway behind them. Travis and Maria are excellent
spelunkers and can eventually find their way out of any room
or chamber if all of the openings are not blocked. Determine
whether it will be possible for them to escape the spooky cave
shown or whether they will become trapped in one of the
chambers.
Strategies and Hints
1. Look at a smaller problem. What if there are only one or
two chambers in the cave?
2. Consider a variety of possible number of openings into
each room.
Extensions
1. Make a general rule stating when a path always can or
cannot be found through a cave.
2. Draw a new cave from which a person could always
escape and another cave from which a person might not
escape.
Entrance
Exit
Problem-of-the-WeekAcross the Desert
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lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
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raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
As a member of an archeology team, it is your task to check
the security of one of the sites your team wants to excavate.
The site is located 400 miles away from the base camp, across
a desolate desert. The pickup truck you will use can carry 400
miles worth of fuel. In order to make the round trip to and
from the site, you will need to make some partial trips to
deposit fuel along the way to replenish what you need on the
final trip. What is the most efficient trip you can plan and still
have fuel to return to the base camp? The most efficient trip
means that you should make the least number of partial trips
possible and travel the least number of total miles.
Strategies and Hints
1. Draw a picture to illustrate the problem.
2. Try various combinations of distances you go and the
amounts you deposit.
3. Simplify the problem with smaller amounts.
Problem-of-the-WeekRunning Around
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lencoe D
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Macm
illan/M
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raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
The Big Spring School Board wants to build two separate
tracks, each 440 yards long, for the ninth- and tenth-grade
students. However, they have only a limited amount of land
available. They finally decide to build the track for the ninth
grade students inside the track for the tenth grade students.
Their athletic director presents the following diagram for their
consideration. Determine the length of x and y so that each
track is 440 yards long.
Strategies and Hints
1. How are the lengths of x and y related?
2. Make charts for three more possible sets of tracks.
Consider the lengths of both the inside and outside tracks
and the given distances when making your new charts.
3. Writing an equation for each track would be useful.
Problem-of-the-WeekCollecting Creatures
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Jonathan and Tiana are collecting creatures for a science
project. So far they have spiders, flies, and worms. Mr. Logan,
their science teacher, asked them how many of each they had.
Having just come from algebra class, they said, �We have 18
creatures in all, and the total number of legs if 68.� Can Mr.
Logan determine how many spiders, flies, and worms
Jonathan and Tiana have? Is there more than one possible
solution to the problem? If so, find all possible solutions.
Strategies and Hints
1. Identify what you know about all the creatures.
2. Break the problem into parts.
3. Making a table will be helpful.
Extension
Create a similar problem with other animals. For example,
suppose the creatures are mice, beetles, and spiders. How
many of each are there, if there were 8 animals in all with a
total of 44 legs?
Problem-of-the-WeekShall We Ride or Walk?
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
A bus with 12 basketball players broke down in a town 20
miles from its destination. The coach�s car was available but
could carry only 4 players at a time. Also, it could travel only
20 miles per hour because of the traffic. The players said they
could walk at 4 miles per hour when they were not riding.
Suppose the coach took 4 of them part way, came back for 4
more and took them part way, and then came back for the last
4. How could they all get to their scheduled basketball game
at the same time?
Strategies and Hints
1. Draw a diagram.
2. Work an easier problem where the coach�s car can
take of the players at a time, the distance is closer,
and the players can walk as fast as the car can travel.
3. Don�t forget the time for the return trips of the car.
1_2 1_
2
Problem-of-the-WeekDivide and Conquer
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problems
A. George and Raphael work at a kennel. One day
they are told to move gates into a 20 ft × 20 ft
pen so that 9 dogs can be separated. The dogs
must also stay as far apart from each other as
possible (see diagram). When they check their
supplies, they find four gate sections 10 feet
long and four other fence sections that are a little
more than 14 feet long. If they are not allowed
to bend or cut the gates, and if some dogs can
have more space than others, how can they fence
in the dogs if they decide to build square fences?
B. If x = 2, evaluate the expressions and then draw
four straight lines to separate the square area
into 11 smaller areas such that the sum of the
expressions in each area is 14.
Strategies and Hints
Problem A
1. Be sure to keep the dogs in their approximate positions.
2. Think about how squares could be drawn inside the total
area.
3. Try to solve the problem ignoring the given lengths.
Problem B
1. Find ways to divide a plane into 11 parts using three
straight lines.
2. Think about the location of lines in relationship to the
value of the algebraic expressions.
Problem-of-the-WeekMoney Counts
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
The following cryptic message is perhaps one of the most
widely-known mathematical puzzles. The object is to
determine the digits represented by the letters.
Strategies and Hints
1. Assign some values for the letters in the words �SEND�
and �MORE.� Try to identify patterns.
2. Write down the basic facts where the addends are different
and the sum is more than ten.
3. Keep track of which digits you have used.
4. Try this easier problem. It has more than one solution.
O N E+ S I X_______
7 7 7
Problem-of-the-WeekSouvenir Sale
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Teresa is taking a vacation in Mexico. She wants to buy
souvenirs that cost $10.00, $3.00, or $0.50. If she wants to
spend exactly $100.00 and buy at least one of each type of
souvenir, how many items at each price should she buy?
Strategies and Hints
1. Write at least two equations to show the relationships.
2. It may be easier to work the problem with $ instead
of $0.50.
3. Consider only integer solutions.
4. Make a graph.
5. Try some possible combinations to see patterns.
Extension
Work the problem using souvenir prices of $7.00, $3.00,
and $0.25.
1_2
Problem-of-the-WeekJohnny Appleseed Dilemmas
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problems
1. Luis has 9 pecan trees, planted in a 3 by 3 array. He has a
machine that will help him pick the pecans, but it is large
and difficult to turn. Therefore, Luis wants to drive the
machine to every tree by driving it in only 4 straight lines.
Show him how he can do this.
2. The Peterson family has 9 fruit trees to plant in their yard.
In order to remember when the trees were planted, they
want to plant them in 10 rows, because Mr. and Mrs.
Peterson have been married 10 years. They have 3
children, so they want to plant the trees with 3 in each
row. Draw diagram to show how they can plant the trees.
Strategies and Hints
1. Think creatively!
2. Are you being limited by the usual way that you look
at problems?
3. Think of unusual ways to satisfy the conditions of the
problem.
Problem-of-the-WeekCutting Corners
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
The rhombus pictured can be divided into two congruent
shapes in two ways by the dashed lines in the accompanying
figure.
Below are four more figures that can each be divided into two
congruent shapes.
Trace each figure and draw lines that will divide the figure
into two congruent shapes.
Strategies and Hints
1. Look for lines of symmetry.
2. Use more than one line to divide the figure.
3. Cut the shapes out of paper and then use scissors to
determine parts that are congruent.
������������
��
��
��
��
Problem-of-the-WeekFollow Along
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Robbie and Bret wanted to trace the figures pictured below
without lifting their pencil or retracing any path. After several
tries, they decided that some of the figures could not be traced
in this manner. Determine which of the figures could be
traced and which could not be traced, and show how to trace
the ones that are possible. Lastly, state a rule that may be used
to determine �traceable� figures.
Strategies and Hints
1. Determine how many different starting places there are
in the figures.
2. Start at different places.
3. Make a chart listing the number of lines that must be
traced and the number of vertices in each figure.
4. Draw some figures of your own and add the data to
your chart.
Problem-of-the-WeekCalculated Cuts
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Susan has a very long piece of string. She wants to cut it into
pieces, and she wonders whether the way the string is laid out
will affect the number of pieces she will get. She is considering
laying the piece in a straight line (_____), in a circle (O), in a
half circle (O), or in the shape of an S. Each cut Susan makes
will be a vertical cut across the shape she makes, and it will be
parallel to the other cuts. If she does not care about the size of
the pieces, how many pieces will be made from each
configuration when she makes 100 cuts in each? For the circle
arrangement, you may assume the first cut passes through the
point where the ends of the string meet.
Strategies and Hints
1. Think about making the problem simpler. What if Susan
makes fewer than 100 cuts?
2. Record what you know in a table.
3. Do you see patterns in the numbers in the table(s)? Can you
express these patterns in general, using a variable?
Extensions
1. Can the same number of pieces be made from both a line
arrangement and from a circular arrangement? Why or
why not?
2. If you want to make exactly 31 pieces, which
arrangement(s) could you use? Which one(s) could you
not use?
Problem-of-the-WeekCreative Map Coloring
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
For geography class you are to draw and color a map of North
and South America. Before you start, you need to know
whether or not you have enough colored pencils to color the
map. You do not want to waste time shopping if you don�t
need to. In order to be sure others can read your map, you
must never color adjacent regions the same color. (Regions
are not considered adjacent if they have only one point in
common.) Consider the two simple maps below. How many
colors are needed for each of these? How many colors will
you need to color the map of North and South America?
Strategies and Hints
1. Work on special cases, making them progressively more
complex.
2. Use as few colors as possible, adding a new color only
when it is necessary.
Problem-of-the-WeekCutting the Cube
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Mr. Lim had a large wooden cube that measured 4 inches
on each edge. He wanted to cut it into 64 smaller cubes that
measured 1 inch on each edge. If he rearranged the pieces
before each cut, what is the least number of cuts he would
have to make?
Strategies and Hints
1. Simplify the problem.
2. Are there fewer cuts if Mr. Lim is allowed to restack
the cubes?
Problem-of-the-WeekTroublesome Toothpicks
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
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raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
For this problem you actually will be solving several
problems by rearranging toothpicks into different
configurations with given properties. Good Luck!
1. In the figure shown, 13 toothpicks have made a
shape with 6 equal areas. Use 12 toothpicks to
create a shape that also has 6 regions of equal area.
a. Using the shape you formed above, remove 4
toothpicks to make 3 triangles.
2. With 9 toothpicks, make the figure at the right.
a. Remove 3 toothpicks to make 1 triangle.
b. Remove 6 toothpicks to make 1 triangle.
c. Remove 2 toothpicks to make 3 triangles.
d. Remove 3 toothpicks to make 2 triangles.
e. Remove 2 toothpicks to make 2 triangles.
f. Remove 4 toothpicks to make 2 triangles.
3. With 12 toothpicks, make 5 squares in such a way
that you can do the following.
a. Remove 4 toothpicks to make 1 square.
b. Remove 4 toothpicks to make 2 squares.
c. Remove 2 toothpicks to make 3 squares.
d. Remove 1 toothpicks to make 3 squares and 1
rectangle.
e. Remove 2 toothpicks to make 1 square and 2
rectangles.
4. With 6 toothpicks, make 4 equilateral triangles.
Strategies and Hints
1. Use actual toothpicks to solve the problems.
2. Find other 5-square arrangements.
3. Consider different-sized squares.
Problem-of-the-WeekSharing the Royal Stallions
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lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
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Algebra 1
The Problem
The king of a small European monarchy wants to divide 11
horses in the royal stable among his three children. The oldest
child is to receive of the horses, the middle child is to
receive of the horses, and the youngest is to get of the
horses. The workers in the stable cannot think of a way to
divide the 11 horses among the three children according to the
king�s wishes. While they are working on the problem, the
king rides up on his own horse and says, �Now that I am here,
I can help you. If you think about it, now your problem
should be easy.�
Strategies and Hints
1. How is the king able to help the workers?
2. Is it important that the king rode up on his horse?
3. How many horses are needed so that the worker can give
the children , , and of the total?
1_21_
41_6
1_2
1_4
1_6
Problem-of-the-WeekClass Collection
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Mrs. Muniz�s algebra class was collecting money for a party.
The class decided that each student should give the same
amount of money. They collected a total of $9.61. If everyone
used 5 coins, how many nickels were collected?
Strategies and Hints
1. Try some possibilities.
2. What are the most nickels and the least nickels that could
have been collected?
3. Make up and solve an easier problem.
Problem-of-the-WeekTennis Tournament
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©G
lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Bye
Team 1
Team 3
Team 1
The Problem
The intramural tennis club in South Bend, Indiana wants to
schedule a single elimination tournament to name their city�s
champion doubles team. There will be 17 teams in the
tournament. If each doubles team must either play or be
granted a �bye� in each round, how many games and byes
must be scheduled in order to produce one champion? How
many games and byes must be scheduled if Indianapolis had
72 tennis teams? The chart below shows the tournament
arrangement if there were 3 teams.
Strategies and Hints
1. Draw a chart to show all the games scheduled.
2. If the teams just kept playing until all were eliminated
and no �byes� were granted, how many games would be
played?
3. How does the fact that teams must play or have a �bye� at
each level of elimination affect the total number of games?
Extensions
1. Find a pattern for the number of �byes� granted given
various numbers of teams.
2. Find a pattern for the number of games played given
various numbers of teams.
Problem-of-the-WeekALGEBRA Count
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
In the diagram below, the world �ALGEBRA� is written in
the shape of a diamond. As you see, starting with either the
top or the middle A�s, there are many routes by which you can
spell �ALGEBRA.� Exactly how many routes are there?
Strategies and Hints
1. Try drawing lines through the possibilities so that you do
not count one route twice or leave out one route.
2. Look for a pattern you can use.
3. Try the problem using a shorter word such as �MATH.�
Problem-of-the-WeekRectangle Rampage
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©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
How many rectangles of any size are there in an 8-by-8
checkerboard?
Strategies and Hints
1. Have you tried simplifying the problem? Start with a grid
that is smaller than 8-by-8.
2. Consider the squares separately from the other rectangles.
3. Record your data in a table or an organized listing.
4. Do you see any patterns in the numbers that can help you
determine the answer without counting all possibilities?
Problem-of-the-WeekA Principal�s Dilemma
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
On the last day of school, Ms. Jones, the principal of George
Washington High School, wanted the school�s entire student
body to walk together from the school�s entrance to the
football stadium for an awards assembly. In planning the day,
she thought about having the students walk in rows of either
10, 9, 8, 7, 6, or 5 students each. But in each case, the last
row only has one student based on the average daily
attendance. Finally, the principal decided the students could
walk to the stadium any way they wanted. Assuming that the
enrollment of the high school is less than 3,000, what is the
average daily attendance?
Strategies and Hints
1. How would you solve the problem if there had not been
one student extra each time?
2. Solve a simpler problem, in which the principal is
concerned only with rows of, say, 10 or 9?
3. Could the principal have had the students walk in pairs
with no one walking alone?
Problem-of-the-WeekThe Locker Problem
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lencoe D
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ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
A new high school has just been opened, with an enrollment
of 1000 students. The school has 1000 lockers, numbered 1 to
1000, to accommodate them. On the first day of school, all
1000 lockers are closed and all 1000 students are outside
waiting to be let into the building. The first student enters and
opens all of the lockers. The second student follows and
closes every second locker, beginning with the second locker.
The third student enters the school and reverses every third
locker beginning with locker 3 (i.e., if the locker is closed it is
opened and vice versa). This procedure is continued until all
1000 students have passed by all the lockers. When they
finish, which lockers will be open?
Strategies and Hints
1. Simplify the problem by considering fewer than 1000
lockers.
2. Make a table to help organize your information.
3. Look for a pattern in the numbers.
Extensions
Explain why the lockers end up the way they do.
Problem-of-the-WeekA Weighty Problem
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Five thrifty, but ingenious, high
school girls want to weigh themselves
on a coin-operated scale. They want to
pay only once. Two of the girls climb
onto the scale, drop in the coin, and
record their combined weight. One
girl gets off the scale, another girl gets
on, and they record their combined
weight. This continues until the girls
have the following weights recorded:
188, 192, 196, 199, 203, 204, 207,
208, 212, and 219. Now they ask you
to tell them their individual weights.
Can you?
Strategies and Hints
1. Create your own simpler problem with just 3 people. Can
you determine a method of solution for this simpler
problem?
2. Identify the girls by letter. How many possible pairs can
you make?
3. How many times is each girl weighed?
4. Can you calculate the girls� total weight?
Problem-of-the-WeekFeeding the Monkeys
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Your job is to feed the monkeys at the local zoo. There are 15
monkeys, and you have 39 bananas to share equally among
them. You may cut the bananas into pieces. What is the
minimum number of pieces you need to make? What is the
minimum number of cuts you can make to create these pieces?
Strategies and Hints
1. Drawing a figure may help you.
2. Simplify the problem by using smaller numbers.
Problem-of-the-WeekKnight Moves
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
The Champions Chess Club was
discussing the moves of the chess pieces
when their sponsor, Mr. Martinez, posed
the following problem: �We know that
in chess a knight moves to the opposite
corner of a 3 × 2 rectangle and that we
have two white and two black knights.
If we put the black and white knights on
the opposite corners of a 3 × 3 section
of checkerboard (see diagram), what is
the least number of moves it will take to
interchange their positions?
Strategies and Hints
1. Make sure you know exactly how a knight in chess
moves.
2. Simulate the problem using pennies and nickels on a 3 × 3
piece of graph paper.
3. Describe the two different types of first moves. How many
different second moves are there for each of the two
different first moves?
4. Number the squares and assign letters to the knights.
Record your moves by a notation such as A-6, which
means knight A moves to square 6.
5. Simplify the problem by using only one white and one
black knight placed on diagonal corners of a 3 × 3 square.
6. Draw lines from the center of each square to the center of
the square where it might possibly move.
Problem-of-the-WeekHiking Trips
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Four couples on the faculty of Charlotte Public Schools hike
together in the Smoky Mountains every spring. The men�s
names are Ken, Ernesto, Charles, and Dan. The women�s
names are Carmen, Eva, Dawn, and Kate. Use the following
clues to determine each set of husbands and wives.
1. Dawn is Ken�s sister.
2. Kate has two brothers, but her husband is an only child.
3. Dan was best man at Dawn�s wedding.
4. The names of Carmen and her husband both begin with
the same initials.
Strategies and Hints
1. List all of the possible combinations.
2. Make a table in which to record data.
3. State explicitly any assumptions you make.
4. Determine what is impossible as well as what is possible.
Problem-of-the-WeekEight Is Known
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Teresa and Sylvia were reviewing long division when they
came upon the following problem:
The �X�s� represent digits from 0-9, and any digit may be
used more than once. At first they thought that it would be
impossible to get only one answer for the problem, however
after working on it for quite a while, they were able to
determine all the numbers. See if you can solve the problem.
Strategies and Hints
1. Look carefully at the problem. Do you notice anything
special? What?
2. Think about what you know about both division and
subtraction.
3. Is there anything special about �bringing down� two digits
at a time?
Problem-of-the-WeekNo Time to Waste
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Mr. Hansen wants to make 3 slices of French bread into Texas
toast. Only 2 slices of bread will fit into his pan at a time. It
takes him 5 seconds to put a slice of bread into the pan or
take it out of the pan, and it takes 1 minute to fry each slice of
bread. What is the shortest length of time Mr. Hansen needs
to fry 3 slices of bread?
Strategies and Hints
1. Do you use the same units of measure throughout the
problem?
2. On which action (toasting, turning, moving) should you
concentrate?
3. All slices of bread can be toasted.
4. Flipping the toast is an important part of the problem.
Problem-of-the-WeekMoving Martians
Copyright
©G
lencoe D
ivis
ion,
Macm
illan/M
cG
raw
-Hill
Algebra 1
The Problem
Three friendly Martians land in a vast open area, near a river.
Three campers find the Martians and want to take them to a
nearby city. However, before they can get to the campers�
trucks, they must cross a river in a small fishing boat. The
boat will hold only two �beings� (human or Martian) at a
time. How can the three campers and three Martians cross the
river? The number of Martians can never exceed the number
of campers (for obvious reasons!).
Strategies and Hints
1. Draw a diagram or use objects to represent the people and
the Martians.
2. Make a table.
3. Try to make the total crossing in the least number of trips.
It can be done in less than 12 trips.
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