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PETROLEUMENGINEERING
Alfred William (Bill) Eustes III
• Early Life– Born in Florida, raised in the Southeast US
and on USAF bases– Ben Eielson High School (Alaska), 1974
• Education– BS ME, Louisiana Tech University, 1978– MS ME, University of Colorado, Boulder,
1989– Ph.D. PE, Colorado School of Mines, 1996
PETROLEUMENGINEERING
Employment• Colorado School of Mines (1996 ‐
Now) – Associate Professor
• ARCO Oil and Gas Company (1978 ‐ 87) (Hobbs, Midland, Tulsa, Tyler, Enid)– Senior Drilling Engineer– Senior Production/Facilities
Engineer
• Consultant – BP Alaska– Sklar Exploration– Fleckenstein, Eustes, and
Associates
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Other Things About Me• ASME ‐ Petroleum Division
– Executive Committee member– Chair of the Division
• Society of Petroleum Engineers– Distinguished Lecturer – Drilling Systems Automation Technology
Section
• American Association of Drilling Engineers– Student chapter faculty advisor
• International Association of Drilling Contractors
• NSF Technical Advisor, – Ice Drilling Program Office– Technical Advisory Board
• NASA– Planetary/Lunar/Asteroid drilling operations– Astrobiology project reviewer
• DOE Geothermal Technology Office– Peer Reviewer
• Bureau of Reclamation– Technical review board
3
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Books• Drilling in Extreme Environments
– Ground drilling and excavation chapter
• SPE Petroleum Engineering Handbook– General engineering vibrations chapter
• SPE Drilling Engineering Textbook– Drilling fluids chapter– Drilling problems chapter
• Cool STEAM Careers– Petroleum Engineer advisor
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Drilling Research Projects
• Yucca Mountain Project– Vibratory Core Rod Simulator – Deviation Control Simulator– PDC Bit Frequency Analysis– Air Coring and Drilling Simulator– Fuzzy Logic Controller
• Hanford Project– Resonant Sonic Drilling Simulator
• Cougar Tool Project– Wave Propagation (Jarring)
• Other Projects– Buckling in Curved Hole Project
• DOE/BLM/USFS– Directional Drilling in the Rocky Mountains– Geothermal Drilling Risk Analysis
• OMV– Benchmarking Drilling Operations
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Drilling Research Projects• Unconventional Natural Gas and Oil Institute
– Analysis of Real‐Time Operational Drilling Parameters and Reservoir Characterization– Applications of Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) in Unconventional Well Construction, Stimulation, and Production
• National Science Foundation Sustainable Research Network– Routes to Sustainability for Natural Gas Development and Water and Air Resources in the Rocky Mountain Region
• Wellbore Integrity Modeling• Probability and Severity of Events
• Vaca Muerta Consortium – Argentina– Best Practices for Drilling and Completions– Managed Pressure Drilling Operations
• Other Projects– High‐Resolution Surveys for Torque and Drag Models
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Ice Coring Project (NSF)
• Review of US ice coring operations
• Next generation ice core rig• ICECUBE (south pole station)• Rapid access ice drill• Lake Vostok penetration• Replicate ice coring
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Extraterrestrial Drilling
• Jet Propulsion Laboratory Project– Drilling state of the art review– Prototype bit testing– Minimum mass flowrate– Autonomous drilling operations
• NASA– In‐situ resource acquisition– Planetary/Lunar/Asteroid Drill Systems
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Horizontal Geothermal Completions
• Determine how petroleum technologies and techniques can be adapted and applied to completing horizontal geothermal wells with multistage hydraulic stimulations.
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Petroleum Practices Technology Transfer
• Lost circulation• Rig and equipment selection• Rate‐of‐penetration (ROP)• Efficient and consistent drilling
program • Effective time management• Cementing
PetroleumGeothermal
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Drilling Research
• Drilling Analytics Goal:– To identify and disseminate opportunities
to improve the economics of drilling operations as identified through detailed surface and downhole drilling data analytics.
– To use this knowledge to model and implement drilling automation processes.
• Lost Circulation Mitigation Goal:– To mitigate, minimize, and eventually
eliminate the drilling operations and reservoir damage impact of lost circulation.
– To be able to drill high and low pressure regions in the same open hole interval.
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Drilling Analytics Research Goals
• To improve the application of drilling energy to the rock penetration process
• To determining drilling dysfunctions with surface data streams
• To capture, analysis, storage, and presentation of drilling “big data” and metadata
• To use drilling operations data to characterize formation properties
• To develop drilling optimization processes
• To model drilling operations and use to determine automation processes
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Apache Drill at the Edgar Mine
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Educational Benefits of Apache Drill
• “Hands on” drilling experience, outdoors, in the weather• Opportunity to experiment with drilling in a relatively benign environment; however,
instills safety mindset from start• Allows deeper drilling with modern equipment than our previous drill system• Allows for instrumentation, subsequent data analytics processes, and optimization
procedures• Allows for mechanization, teleoperations, and automation processes to be taught
and explored• Incorporates multi‐disciplinary teams
– Petroleum, Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, Geological, and Mining Engineers
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Lost Circulation Mitigation Research
• Investigate potential loss mitigation techniques and material– Size and shape analysis– Plugging capability of LCM under varying conditions
• Develop recognition and mitigation methods to improve the chance of success.
• Apply learnings for field applications
• Determine lost circulation event profiles (historically) through data analysis– Type of loss– Volumes– Geology
• Develop methods to accurately measure lost circulation events
• Determine predictive events from surface data indications
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Apache Lost Circulation Lab Efforts
• Increased the resolution of current Particle Size Distribution (PSD) data using new sieves, Laser Particle Analyzer (LPA), and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
• Analyzed particle shape, size and chemistry using the SEM • Analyzed particle shape and size using automated image scanning• Analyze LCM performance and particle data provided by a service company• Quantify PSD, shape and size characteristics and document• Quantify blend performance through slot testing in APPA• Create an index by relating performance to the physical traits of LCM
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Apache Lost Circulation LaboratoryAutomated Particle Size and Shape Distribution AnalyzerAutomated Permeability Plugging Apparatus (APPA)
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Future: Flow Loop
• Lost circulation investigations at varying pressures, volumes and concentrations, and temperatures
• Investigate horizontal and directional LCM transport
• Other studies– Fracture fluids transport– Fluid flow properties– Cuttings transports
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Lunar/Martian Drilling
• For mankind to succeed in space, there is a need for in‐situ resources
• Primarily water– Drinking– Breathing– Fuel
• Also: Life needs water
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Extraterrestrial Drills
• Drill systems consist of:– Penetrating the rock– Removing the rock– Supporting the hole
• Spaceships are limited by:– Mass– Power– Volume
• Automation is a requirement
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Drilling Research Opportunities
• Apache Drill– Automation and big data analysis
• Lost Circulation– Improving success and limiting damage
• Flow loop– Longer term
• Extraterrestrial drilling– Still potential
• Geothermal– Currently slow cooking