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ethanol
• The type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages
• A powerful drug
• Made synthetically or naturally
Fermentation
• The chemical action of yeast on sugars
• Fruits, veggies, or grains• Beer, wine, or spirits• All can to do serious harm
Intoxication
• Physical and mental impairment resulting from the use of alcohol
• Inability to walk to unconsciousness
• At any age, alcohol use can become a high-risk behavior
• 80% of teens have had a drink
• Alcohol among adults has declined
• ½ all teens who die, die as a result of alcohol or from other drugs – many are accidents
• Unplanned pregnancies, STD’s, date violence, rapes, suicides and homicides
• 5 million problem drinkers are between the ages of 14 - 17
• 100 million American use alcohol
• 10 teens a day die in alcohol-related crashes
• ½ of all fatal car crashes involve alcohol
• 50% of boat accidents involve alcohol
Factors that affect teen alcohol
• Friends
• Family
• Advertisements - $1 billion a year – hidden messages
Brain• Reaches brain almost as soon as
it is consumed• Depresses activity• Disorganized – memory and
concentration dulled – decision making badly effected
Liver
• Oxidation – changes alcohol to water, CO2, and energy
• 1/3 – ½ an ounce an hour• No way to speed up
BAC• The amount of alcohol on a
person’s blood expressed as a percentage
• Factors – gender, weight, and metabolism, amount consumed, time between drinks
Designated drivers
• People in social settings who choose not to drink so that they can safely drive themselves and others
Long-term effects• Brain damage – decrease in
size – destroy cells• Chronic liver problems – Fatty
liver – a condition in which fats build up in the liver and cannot be broken down
Hepatitis • Inflammation or infection
that can cause weakness, jaundice, fever and death
• Recovery slow and liver failure sometimes results
Fetal alcohol syndrome
• Condition in which a fetus has been adversely affected mentally and physically by its mother’s heavy alcohol use
• Low birth weight• Impaired speech• Cleft palate• General weakness• Slow body growth• Facial abnormalities• Heart defects
Binge Drinking• Periodic excessive drinking• Popular in high school and
College• Social event or contest• Lead to serious difficulties
Alcohol poisoning
• A dangerous toxic condition that occurs when a person drinks a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time
Stage one• Social drinking• Physical and psychological
dependency• Short-term memory loss• Makes excuses for drinking
Stage two• Cannot stop drinking• Physically dependent• May drink alone• More excuses• Drinking is central in the
person’s life
Stage three• Final and worst stage• Drinking is most important• Constant companion• Malnutrition• Needs less alcohol to get drunk
Delirium tremens (DTs)
• Hot/cold flashes, tremors, nightmares, hallucinations, and having fear of people and animals