Airport Literature Study

7/29/2019 Airport Literature Study

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K. Soundarajan

SRM University


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Airports are amazing "mini-cities," providing services to all sorts of people and companies.

Air travelers, airlines, private pilots and freight carriers all use airports in completely differentways.

To meet passengers' needs, an airport must be accessible by roadways and publictransportation, plus have plenty of parking

have areas for ticketing, check-in and baggage handling

keep the passengers safe offer food and other services

maintain areas for the customs service

Airports have other customers to take care of, too.

Airlines need space for airplane, facilities for routine maintenance, jet fuel and places for

passengers and f light crews while on the ground. Air-freight companies need space for loading and unloading cargo airplanes.

Pilots and other crew members need runways, aircraft fuel, air-traffic information, facilities foraircraft storage and maintenance and places to relax while on the ground.


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Architect :Foster and Partners

Operator : Civil Aviation Administration of China.

Location : chaoyang district, Beijing

Total Area : 4,700 Hectares

Terminal area : T3 - 986,000 m

Elevation : 35M(AMSL) Coordinates : 400448N 1163504E

Handling capacity : 75 million passengers

Aerobridges : 66

Gates : 120

Runway : 3 (3800m in length)

Car Parking : 7000

The Terminal 3 building of Beijing International airport was designed by Foster + Partners,turned out to be a very efficient building in terms of in terms of operational efficiency,passenger comfort, sustainability and access to natural light.


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As an interpretation of traditional chinese culture the roof of

the airport has a dragon-like form. According to Norman

Foster this is a building borne of its context. It

communicates a uniquely Chinese sense of place and will

be a true gateway to the nation. This is expressed in its

dragon-like form and the drama of the soaring roof that is a

blaze of traditional Chinese colours imperial reds merge

into golden yellows. As you proceed along the central axis,

view of the red columns stretching ahead into the far

distance evokes images of a Chinese temple.


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Airport Express RailBeijing Capital International Airport is

served by the Airport express rail of the Beijing

subway.. A one-way trip takes approximately 1620

minutes.

Car

The airport is accessible by four express

tollways. Two of these run directly from

northeastern Beijing to the airport. The other two

connect to the airport from nearby highways.

The Beijing Capitol International Airport

is one of the largest and busiest travel hubs in Asia.

The Beijing Airport lies 28 kilometers, northeast of the

city of Beijing & it is connected to the city via following

The entrance to the terminal reaches out into the

surrounding landscape, as if to invite passengers

arriving via the road and rail links into the building.

The entrance canopy is a key architectural

statement of Fosters design with a width of35Mand a length of 800M.


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The building is comprised of three connected, light-filled volumes T3A, B and C the simple,

symmetrical diagram fans out at either end to accommodate the arrivals and departure halls for T3A

and T3B . The satellite T3C occupies the centre of the diagram. This arrangement is an efficient

means of maximizing the perimeter, so increasing the capacity for aircraft stands, while maintaining

a highly compact and sustainable footprint


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The entrance to the building is designed with feng sui principles which is inviting and gives a sense of

calmness.

Although Terminal 3 is conceived on an unprecedented scale, the buildings design aims to resolve the

complexities of modern air travel, combining spatial clarity with high service standards.

It is friendly and uplifting for the passenger as well as easy to navigate.

It comprises of three connected volumes T3A, B and C.

T3A contains the processing facilities , arrivals and departure halls for domestic gates

T3B accommodates arrivals and departure halls for international gates.

The satellite T3C accommodates arrivals and departure halls for domestic gates.

The building is almost 1km at its widest point and 3 km on the length

The terminal has 120 gates with 66 jetways and remote parking bays.


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The single unifying roof canopy is perforated with skylights to aid

orientation and bring daylight deep into the building. The colour

palette moves through 16 tones from red at the entrance at T3A

through to orange and finally yellow at the far end of T3B. This

establishes a subtle zoning system that breaks down the scale of

the building and enables easy way finding. This palette is also

applied north to south in the ceiling above the arrivals and

departures halls, heightening the sense of curvature in the roof

plane.


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Interiors

The interior design was shaped by human and

cultural factors.

The space is mainly lit through the skylights in theroof.

It has 72 food stores and landscaped waiting

areas. It features about 45,200m commercial space,

10,600m duty-free-store area, 12,600m of retail and

7,000m service areas.

The terminal has 11 check-in stations with 314check-in counters.

Automated people movers / shuttles

The terminal has 243 automated people movers,

escalators and elevators.

A shuttle train connects the terminals 3A, 3C and

the airport centre which travels at up to 80kph, with a

journey time of just two minutes.

The APM is easily accessed from the main

departure level and set within a landscaped green

cutting, exposed to daylight and views up and through

the building, all of which helps to maintain a sense oforientation.


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The building has two levels below and five levels above the ground.

The lower most level is mostly used for baggage handling system which need extra 5M than the conventional

baggage system

Departures and arrivals are on separate levels.

The traditional airport diagram has been inverted at T3B, with arrivals on the upper level, to allow visitors toexperience the thrill of this dramatic space from the best vantage point.


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Sustainability

Terminal 3 building incorporates several sustainable features and is one of

the most eco-friendly buildings in the world.

The roof of the building is fitted with energy-efficient lights.

They are designed to capture thermal energy to warm the building in

winter and decrease energy consumption for cooling during the summer.

An integrated environmental control system, water systems, south-east

orientated skylights and other passive systems will reduce the overall

environmental impact, energy consumption and carbon emissions.


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Baggage System

A sophisticated baggage hand long conveyor system is installed by Jervis B. Webb Company.

It is designed to handle nearly 19,200 pieces of luggage per hour.

The luggage system is equipped with yellow carts, each of which has a code, matching the bar code on

every piece of luggage loaded on it, allowing easy and accurate tracking.

After luggage is checked in at any one of the 292 counters at Terminal 3A, they can be transferred at the

speed of ten metres per second.

Even for international routes, luggage can travel from T3A to T3C in five minutes.

Arriving passengers should be able to begin retrieving their luggage within 4.5 minutes after airplanes are

unloaded.

Along with X-ray scanners, additional equipment conducts checks such as for explosives.

Passengers will be able to check in their luggage at the airport several hours or even a day before theirflight.

The airport will store them in its luggage system and then load them on the correct airplane.


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Airport Literature Study