DEPARTMENT OFSPACE ENGINNERING AND ROCKETRYBIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MESRA – 835215, RANCHI2009-2010

AN ASSIGNMENT ON

AIR TO SURFACE MISSILES

Submitted by

B.ASHWIN KUMAR

ME/SER/1023/09

Subject: Missile aerodynamics

INTRODUCTION•An air-to-surface missile (also, air-to-ground missile , AGM, ASM or ATGM) is a missile designed to be launched from military aircrafts( bombers, attack aircraft , fighter aircraft or other kinds) and strike ground targets on land, at sea, or both.

•The two most common propulsion systems for air-to-surface missiles are rocket motors and jet engines.

Sub-categories of air-to-surface missiles

air-launched anti tank guided missiles(typically launched from helicopters)

air-launched cruise missiles

air-launched anti ship missiles

anti radiation missiles

The higher and faster the launching aircraft is flying, the further away the missile's target can be. For long range missiles this difference can be small, but short range missiles (like the AGM-65 Maverick) often dramatically increase in range when launched at altitude.

GUIDANCE SYSTEM

Air to surface missiles are similar to guided glide bombs but to be considered a missile.

Guidance for air-to-surface missiles is typically via

laser guidance

Infrared guidance

Optical guidance

GPS signals.

The type of guidance depends on the type of target.

Air to surface (anti ship missile)

AIR TO SURFACE MISSILES USA

AGM-12 Bullpup The AGM-12 Bullpup is an air-to-ground missile

which was used on the A-4 Skyhawk, A-6 Intruder and F-4 Phantom among others.

The Bullpup was roll-stabilized and visually guided by the pilot or weapons operator using a flare on the back of the missile to track the weapon in flight while using a control joystick to steer it toward the target using radio signals.

AGM-12D Bullpup

AGM-28 HOUND DOG AGM-28 Hound Dog was a supersonic, jet

powered, air-launched cruise missile. The J52 engine was located in a pod

located beneath the rear fuselage. The thermonuclear warhead carried by the

Hound Dog was the W28 Class D. The Hound Dog already had a low frontal

radar cross section because of its highly swept delta wing and canards.

AGM-28 Hound dog

Three Hound Dog flight profiles were initially available for use by the bomber crew

High Altitude Attack: The Hound Dog flew at high altitude (up to 56,000 ft (17069 m) depending on the amount of fuel on board the missile) all the way to the target, then dived down to the warhead's programmed detonation altitude.

Low Altitude Attack: The Hound Dog flew at a low altitude below 5,000 ft (1524 m) (pressure altitude) to the target where the warhead then detonated. The missile had a reduced range of about 400 miles (644 km) when this flight profile was used. The missile did not perform terrain following in this flight profile. No major terrain obstructions could exist at the preset altitude along the missiles flight path.

Dog Leg Attack: The Hound Dog flew a designated heading (in the high or low altitude profile) to a specific location. At that location the missile would turn and then travel to the target. The intent of this maneuver was to draw defensive fighter aircraft away from the missile's target.

CHINA

C-704: The C-704 is the Chinese equivalent of

American AGM-119 Mk 2 anti-ship missile. This anti-ship missile is designed

specifically for targets with displacement between 1,000 tons to 4,000 tons.

C-704 is an enlarged version of the C-701, with larger warhead.

C-704

C 704

Silkworm missile

PAKISTHAN

RA’AD ALCMo Ra'ad ALCM (English: Thunder) is an air-

launched cruise missile.o Ra'ad ALCM is designed to attack fixed

enemy installations (such as radar posts, command nodes and stationary surface to air missile launchers) at stand-off range, keeping the launching aircraft away from enemy air defence systems.

It has “pin point accuracy”. Ra'ad ALCM's airframe is designed with

stealth capability, provided by the shape of the airframe and the materials used in its construction.

Designed to carry conventional or nuclear warheads.

Initially launched from a PAF Dassault Mirage III ROSE combat aircraft during testing, the missile is planned to be integrated with and launched from other PAF platforms such as the JF-17 combat aircraft.

Ra’ad ALCM

ADVANTAGE One of the major advantages of air-to-surface

missiles over other weapons available for aircraft to use to attack ground targets is the standoff distance they provide.

Most air-to-surface missiles are fire and forget in order to take most advantage of the standoff distance .

List of air-to-surface missiles USA AGM-22,AGM-45 Shrike, AGM-48 Skybolt , AGM-53 Condor

AGM-62 Walleye AGM-63 , AGM-64 Hornet , AGM-65 Maverick , AGM-69 SRAM AGM-76 Falcon , AGM-78 Standard ARM ,AGM-79 Blue Eye, AGM-80 Viper ,AGM-83 Bulldog ,AGM-84 Harpoon ,AGM-86 CALCM ,AGM-87 Focus ,AGM-88 HARM ,AGM-112.

USSR/RUSSIA

AS-1 'Kennel‘ ,AS-2 'Kipper' ,AS-3 'Kangaroo' ,AS-4 'Kitchen‘ ,AS-5 ‘ Kelt ‘ ,AS-6 'Kingfish‘ AS-7 'Kerry' ,AS-8,AS-9 'Kyle‘ ,AS-10 'Karen‘ ,AS-11 'Kilter’, AS-12 ‘ Kegler' ,AS-13 'Kingbolt' ,AS-14 'Kedge‘ ,AS-15 'Kent‘ ,AS-16 'Kickback‘ AS-17 'Krypton' .

CHINA DH-10, KD-88 ,KD-63, YJ-7 (C-701) ,C-704, C-705 ,FL-10, CF-1 ,

CF-2,FL-9 FL-8 FL-7 TL-6 TL-10, YJ-22, YJ-62, YJ-91 ,C-805 ,YJ-83 (C-803) ,C-802 ,C-801 ,C-101 ,C-611, HY series ,SY series ,FL series.

INDIA

BrahMos, Nag.

PAKISTHAN

Babur missile, Ra'ad.

UK Blue Steel missile,Brimstone missile,Green Cheese missile

,AGM-48 Skybolt,ALARM,Storm,Shadow,BAe Sea Eagle.

REFERENCES

Websites:

• en.wikipedia.org• www.aerospaceweb.org• www.airforcetimes.com

Thank you