• Pollution :• Pollution•

Division :• Division ?Air pollution ?Water pollution ?

Soil pollution

Air pollution :Air pollution ?Definition:Air

pollution is the human introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or

other living organisms, or damages the environment.

Dust Storms

Sources of pollutants: :• Sources of pollutants: ?The two main sources of

pollutants in urban areas are: ?ransportation (predominantly automobiles). Motor vehicles produce high levels of carbon monoxides (CO) and are a major source of hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Fuel combustion in stationary sources, including residential, commercial, and industrial heating and cooling and coal-burning power plants.Fuel combustion in stationary sources is the dominant source of sulfur dioxide (SO2).

• Pollutants and damage :• Pollutants and damage ?Carbon dioxide(CO2) -s one of

the major pollutants in the atmosphere. CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space. This produces the so-called greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the Earth during the night. Increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere reinforces this effect and is expected to result in a warming of the Earth's surface. Currently carbon dioxide is responsible for 57% of the global warming trend. Nitrogen oxides contribute most of the atmospheric contaminants.

• Global Warming :• Global Warming ?For over the past 200

years, the anthropologic activities caused the concentrations of heat-trapping "greenhouse gases" to increase significantly in our atmosphere.These gases prevent heat from escaping to space, somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse

• Water Pollution :• Water Pollution ?Definition:Water pollution

is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human activities, which can be harmful to organisms and plants which live in these water bodies.

• Sources of pollution :• Sources of pollution ?Seepage from a landfill ?

Discharge of industrial waste into the soil ?Percolation of contaminated water into the soil ?Rupture of underground storage tanks ?Excess application of pesticides , herbicides or fertilizer ?Solid waste seepage

• Pollutants :• Pollutants ?Petroleum hydrocarbons ?Heavy

metals ?Pesticides

Humans depend on very small reservoirs of water for all our needs

These reservoirs cycle/ turnover very quickly

As they cycle they can either

collect pollution from other sources, or

be cleaned by passing through functioning ecosystems

Water Pollution

Water Pollution

Water Pollution

• Sources of pollution :• Sources of pollution ? Municipal water pollution

consists of waste water from homes and commercial establishments.  ? Industrial-The impact of industrial discharges depends not only on their collective characteristics, such as biochemical oxygen demand and the amount of suspended solids, but also on their content of specific inorganic and organic substances.

• Pollutants and damage :• Pollutants and damage ?Many causes of pollution

including sewage and fertilizers contain nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates.  In excess levels, nutrients over stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and algae.  Excessive growth of these types of organisms consequently block up our waterways, use up dissolved oxygen as they decompose, and block light to deeper waters. This, in turn, proves very harmful to aquatic organisms as it affects the respiration ability or fish and other invertebrates that reside in water.

• Soil Pollution :• Soil Pollution ?Definition-Soil pollution is

defined as the build-up in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents, which have harmful effects on plant growth and animal health.