Aims:Aims:•To understand why people want to work.•What causes unemployment.

Why do people work?

• Meet your needs.• Jobs are rewarded with

pay.• The more responsible

the job the greater the reward.

• People enjoy working.• Socially meet new

people.• Satisfaction in your

work.• Purpose of life.

What is Unemployed?

• You must have no job of any kind.• You must sign on for work at the job centre.• You must be receiving benefit.

• Some people do not work but do not register as unemployed e.g. parents, homeless.

Industries

• Three Categories;1. Primary – extracting natural resources2. Secondary – manufacturing industries3. Tertiary - services

Farming

Fishing

Mining

Oil Exploration

Car manufacturingClothes

Builders

Finance

Teachers

Tourism Local Government

Causes of Unemployment

Structural

•When the whole structure or type of industry changes.•For examples Scotland used to be mostly heavy manufacturing and now it is mainly based on services.

Causes of Unemployment

Seasonal

•Some jobs only exist or are more common in certain ‘seasons’.•For example tourism in the summer and shop work at Christmas.

Causes of Unemployment

Cyclical

•Every economy goes through good and bad periods.•During a recession there will be higher unemployment.

Causes of Unemployment

Technological

•When machines, robots or computers replace certain jobs.•For example

• Banking • Newspapers• Offices

Causes of Unemployment in Scotland!

• Traditionally primary and secondary industries. Last 40 years declined.

• Mining – hundreds of mines in peak, 2001 only one remained.

• Expensive to operate (wages and manufacture) – cheaper abroad e.g. far east.

• Structural unemployment = when economy is affected by the demise of an industry.

• Cyclical Unemployment = booms and slumps from year to year depending on the economy.

New Industries in Scotland

• Electronics, computers and light industries have boomed in 1990s.

• New technology has led to job cuts e.g. computers to file, robots to manufacture.

• Central call centres.

Unemployment Figures