AimAim: How was the cell : How was the cell theory developed?theory developed?

CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFEOF LIFE

CellsCells: : MetabolismMetabolism::

HomeostasisHomeostasis: : ReproductionReproduction::

What instrument was vital What instrument was vital for scientists to discover for scientists to discover

and learn about cells?and learn about cells?Light

MicroscopeA light microscope can magnify objects

up to 1000 times.

This instrument allows scientists to seelarger parts of a cell (cell membrane,nucleus, chromosomes, etc…)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1600’s1600’s

Spiral Bacteria

Human Sperm

Developed simple light microscopes that allowed him to examine tiny things.

Robert Hooke(1665)

CORK CELLSWhat is this?

First Compound Microscope

First person to use the word “cell”

Matthias Schleiden (1838)ALL PLANTS ARE MADE OF

CELLS

Theodor Schwann (1838)ALL ANIMALS ARE MADE UP OF

CELLS

Rudolf Virchow (1858)

CELLS COME FROM

PRE-EXISTING CELLS

Cell Cell theorytheoryAll living things are made of All living things are made of cellscells

Cells are the basic unit of Cells are the basic unit of structure and function structure and function (metabolism)(metabolism)

New cells come from pre-New cells come from pre-existing cellsexisting cells

What are some What are some problems with the problems with the

Cell Theory?Cell Theory?Are viruses living?Are viruses living?Where did the first cell Where did the first cell come from?come from?

Mitochondria and Mitochondria and Chloroplast can Chloroplast can reproduce on their own. reproduce on their own.

Viruses Viruses

They are not made up of cells,but are they living?

What do you What do you know about know about

viruses?viruses?They can They can

make you very make you very sicksick

They can be They can be transmitted transmitted

from person to from person to personperson

There are There are different types different types

of virusesof viruses

HOW BIG IS A VIRUS?HOW BIG IS A VIRUS?

•They are microscopic and smaller than cells!

Too small to be seen with a light microscope

Electron MicroscopeElectron Microscope Used to view extremely Used to view extremely

small structures inside small structures inside cellscells

& viruses& viruses Utilizes an electron beam Utilizes an electron beam

instead of a light beaminstead of a light beam Can magnify up to a Can magnify up to a

million timesmillion times Subject must be dead Subject must be dead

and dryand dry

How can we determine if How can we determine if a virus is living or non-a virus is living or non-

living?living?

Is it made of cells?Is it made of cells? Does it maintain homeostasis?Does it maintain homeostasis? Does it carry out metabolism?Does it carry out metabolism? Does it reproduce?Does it reproduce?

Is a virus living or Is a virus living or non living?non living?

Introduction to Viruses Introduction to Viruses VideoVideo

What do all cells What do all cells have in common?have in common?

Cell membraneCell membrane – – gives shape to the gives shape to the cells and allows cells and allows things in and out.things in and out.

The The cytoplasmcytoplasm – – the jelly like the jelly like material where all material where all cell parts are cell parts are foundfound

Light MicroscopeLight Microscope Our microscope Our microscope

has a maximum has a maximum magnification magnification of 400x.of 400x.

Useful for Useful for viewing larger viewing larger organisms like organisms like bacteria and bacteria and paramecium. paramecium.

What happened here?What happened here?

Why does a doctor Why does a doctor stick a swab inside stick a swab inside

your mouth?your mouth?Cultures are used to grow bacteria. The jelly at the bottom is called agar. Why do we need agar to grow bacteria?

What’s the What’s the difference?difference?

BACTERI

A

VIRU

S

What if you want to What if you want to separate a mixture?separate a mixture?

Use A Centrifu

ge

Janet PloweCell

Membrane

Gives shape and controls what comes in and out