AIM: Compare rotation to revolution. What causes day and night?

OBJ: Given notes, video and activity sheet SWBAT explain the difference between rotation and revolution as well as what causes day and night with 70% accuracy

DN: Distribute Astronomy Activity Sheet (w/ answer key);Astronomy Review Sheets (w/ answer key)

ACT: Introduction to Rotation, Revolution (notes)Complete: What Causes Day and Night? Act. Sheet

HW: Complete Earth in Space Activity Sheet; Astronomy Exam, Dec 19.

Movement of Earth through SpaceRotation: spinning of planet on its axis

Axis: imaginary line that passes through center of planet from north pole to south pole

Earth’s Rotation

Rate & Direction: 24 hrs, counterclockwise.

Rotation is the cause of day

and night. Movement:

west→east; sunrise: east,

sunset: west.

side facing sun: day

side facing away from sun:

night

Day vs. Night

Day & Nighthttp://macmillanmh.com/science/2008/student/na/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade1/Chapter8-EarthMoves/

Evidence of Rotation:

star trails, sunspot

movement, storm/cloud

movement

Polaris (North Star):

a star that remains

stationary in the night sky

found directly above the

north pole axis.

Sunspot Movement by Rotation

cloud/storm movement by rotation

Movement of Earth through SpaceRevolution: movement of one object around another object (e.g., earth around sun).

Earth’s Revolution

Rate & Direction:year (365.25 days),

counterclockwise

Orbit: path of one

object around another

object; elliptical (oval) shaped

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0408/es0408page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Evidence of Revolution: movement of different constellations seen in the night sky over the course of a year.

Constellation:

cluster of stars that

form an imaginary

mythological image

READING TIME ZONESIf it is 2 AM in NY, what time is it in California? Boulder Colorado? Different time zones are the result of _________?

8:47 9:47 10:47 11:47

Do: What Causes Day and Night? Activity Sheet

The SeasonsWhy equator hot and poles cold?

Weather: due to the uneven heating of the earth’s surface

Direct rays

Indirect rays

Indirect rays

Heat energy spread outcooling effect

Heat energyconcentrated

Heat energy spread outcooling effect

The SeasonsSeasons: winter, spring, summer, fall (autumn);

changes in precipitation and temperature during the year.

Cause of the Seasons: tilt of the earth’s axis

Earth’s Tilt: 23.5° from vertical

0° tilt: spring, fall only

23.5° tilt: moderate temperatures

winter (cold), spring, summer (warm), fall

35°- 45° tilt: extreme temperatures

winter (v. cold), spring, summer (v. hot), fall

IMPORTANT:

north pole axis facing Sun: Summer

north pole axis facing away from Sun: Winter

Seasons NOT caused by change in Earth’s distance from the Sun

Earth farthest from Sun: summer (Northern Hemisphere)

Earth closest to Sun: winter (Northern Hemisphere)

Seasonshttp://macmillanmh.com/science/2008/student/na/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade4/Chapter8-EarthRevolvesAroundTheSun/

The SeasonsSolstice: shortest or longest day of the year

Northern Hemisphere (NYS)

Summer Solstice - June 21

N.P. axis faces towards Sun

More hours daylight

40°N-45°N: 15 hrs light

________________ opposite ________________

Southern Hemisphere

Winter Solstice – June 21

S.P. axis faces away Sun

Less hours daylight

40°S-45°S: 9 hrs light

The Seasons

Summer Solstice June 21

Winter SolsticeDec 21

Warm Warm

Cold

Cold

Towards SunAway Sun

The SeasonsEquinox: equal day & night (12 hours);

1st day spring/fallMarch 21, Sept 23 – 12 hour

day everywhere on earth

N.P. axis not facing

towards or away from Sun

At Equator:

12 hrs daylight

12 hrs darkness

year round;

Sun 90° directly overhead.

The Seasons

Summer Solstice June 21

Winter SolsticeDec 21

Warm Warm

Cold

Cold

Towards SunAway Sun

The SeasonsNorthern Hemisphere (NYS)

Winter Solstice – Dec 21

N.P. axis faces away from Sun

Less hours daylight

40°N-45°N: 9 hrs light_____________________ opposite ___________________

Southern Hemisphere

Summer Solstice – Dec 21 (yes, Christmas!!)

S.P. axis faces towards Sun

More hours daylight

40°S-45°S: 15 hrs light

The Seasons

Summer Solstice June 21

Winter SolsticeDec 21

Warm Warm

Cold

Cold

Towards SunAway Sun

The Seasons

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1nL_M1G1Xw

Wintersolstice

Summersolstice

23.5°N

23.5°S