AI Guidance for Students Final 2013.pdf

8/9/2019 AI Guidance for Students Final 2013.pdf

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Academic Integrity Guidance for Students 2013

Academic

Integrity

Guidance for Students

AUT University

Faculty of Business & Law


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How to use this handbook

Your journey through the academic community is likely to be different to other communities or

places of work. As well as new experiences and learning, there are regulations, conventions and

codes of conduct that are particular to academia. This handbook is designed to help you meet the

requirements of academic integrity in order to safeguard the quality of your qualification and the

university’s reputation in the wider community. By applying the guidelines you will develop as an

independent, ethical and responsible professional.

It is highly recommended that you start by reading through the entire document. In the electronic

copy the Table of Contents are represented as hyperlinks, click on a link to go to a particular topic.

©AUT University 2013

Compiled by Faculty of Business & Law Academic Integrity Advisors: Rona Taylor-Smith and

Effie Theodorou.


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Contents

Academic Integrity .................................................................................................................................. 2

How is Academic Integrity Breached? .................................................................................................... 3

What is ‘copies from or inappropriately communicates with another person’? ............................... 4

What is ‘found in possession of unauthorised equipment or material’? ........................................... 4

What is ‘plagiarises the work of another person without indicating that the work is not the

student’s own’? ................................................................................................................................... 4

What is ‘approved’ collaboration? ...................................................................................................... 5

What is ‘unapproved’ collaboration ................................................................................................... 5

What is ‘resubmits previously submitted work without prior approval of the examination board’? 6

What is ‘uses any other unfair means’? .............................................................................................. 6

Why Do Students Plagiarise or Breach Academic Integrity? .................................................................. 7

Academic Study Skills ............................................................................................................................ 10

Referencing your work .......................................................................................................................... 10

Resources for referencing ..................................................................................................................... 11

Using citations ....................................................................................................................................... 11

Paraphrasing, quoting and summarising .............................................................................................. 13

Where do I get help?............................................................................................................................. 15

Why might my work be investigated? .................................................................................................. 18

Turnitin .................................................................................................................................................. 18

What is Turnitin? ............................................................................................................................... 18

What happens to my work when it is submitted to Turnitin? .......................................................... 19

How is Turnitin used? ....................................................................................................................... 19

What is the process if I’m suspected of academic misconduct? .......................................................... 20

Cover Page Submission ......................................................................................................................... 20

What can I do? ...................................................................................................................................... 21

My rights ........................................................................................................................................... 21

Where do I get help?......................................................................................................................... 21

References ............................................................................................................................................ 22

Appendix One – Academic Integrity and Plagiarism ............................................................................. 23

Appendix Two – AUT Library Referencing with APA 6th – Brief Guide ................................................ 26

Appendix Three – Collusion Continuum Exercise ................................................................................. 28


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Academic Integrity Guidance for Students 2013 2

Academic Integrity

What is academic

integrity?

Honesty

Trust

Fairness

Respect

Responsibility

Academic integrity governs the way in which you research, develop

and publish ideas and complete assessments while at university.Academic Integrity is founded on the principles of respect for

knowledge, truth, scholarship and acting with honesty.

The five fundamental values of academic integrity are: honesty, trust,

fairness, respect and responsibility. These values underpin principles

of behaviour that enable intellectual learning, research and service

(International Centre of Academic Integrity, 2012).

These principles and values are the foundation of academia. Students

and staff have a responsibility to practice academic integrity

throughout every aspect of academic life.

The practice of academic integrity contributes to:

the quality of your degree and reputation of AUT Univeristy

your grades or marks

your learning experience at AUT University

your personal and professional integrity.

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-

out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-

study-support

What does academic

integrity mean to AUT?

Credibility of qualifications

Upheld through regulatory

requirements

The understanding and application of the values of academic

integrity by staff and students ensures that the reputation and rigour

of qualifications granted by AUT are of the highest standard.

The AUT Strategic Plan 2012-2016 has integrity as a key requirement:

Tāwhaitia te ara o te tika, te pono me te aroha, kia

piki ki te taumata tiketike. Follow the path of integrity, respect, and compassion; scale the

heights of achievement.

The AUT General Academic Regulations, Part 1, Section 2 Integrity

states that:

2.1 Each student shall demonstrate integrity and behave honestly

in all transactions with the University, inclusive of admission,

enrolment, course of study and academic record.

2.2 Any student in breach of Clause 2.1 above may be subject to

the provisions of the University Discipline Statute. (AUT University

Calendar, 2013).

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support


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Upheld through scholarly

writing

You are rewarded for high quality scholarly writing and other

endeavours. This is based on your ability to integrate the work of

other academics into your own ideas and conclusions, while making

sure you explicitly refer to these sources.

We recognise it takes time to learn the skills of academic integrity

and scholarly writing and that information about what constitutes

academic integrity needs to be offered throughout a student’s

programme of study. It is not expected that you will understand all

the technical requirements of referencing in your first year or will be

able to write in perfect academic language. However, all students

have a responsibility to act with honesty, trust, fairness and respect

in relation to academic activities. Students also have a responsibility

to learn about scholarly writing and academic integrity.

Academic staff have a responsibility to support students in learningand applying academic integrity throughout their programme of

study. They also have a responsibility to uphold the quality of the

qualification through adherence to the principles of academic

integrity and scholarly writing.

How is Academic Integrity Breached?

Academic integrity may be breached in a number of ways, either

intentionally or unintentionally.

The AUT Calendar 2013 General Academic Regulations Part 6Academic Discipline, Section 2 Dishonesty During Assessment or

Course of Study states:

2.1 The University Academic Regulations shall be breached if a

student during an assessment and/or course of study:

2.1.1 copies from, or inappropriately communicates with,

another person

2.1.2 is found in possession of any unauthorised

equipment or material

2.1.3 plagiarises the work of another person without

indicating that the work is not the student’s own

2.1.4 collaborates with others in the preparation ofmaterial, except where this has been approved as an

assessment requirement

2.1.5 resubmits previously submitted work without prior

approval of the examination board

2.1.6 uses any other unfair means.

(AUT Calendar, 2013)

An explanation of the regulations is given below.


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What is ‘copies from or

inappropriately

communicates with

another person’?

Copies from, or inappropriately communicates with, another person

generally relates to an exam or test situation. This may involve giving

unauthorised assistance to or accepting unauthorised assistance

from another student, whether directly or indirectly. You are

expected to act honestly and to take responsibility to ensure your

work is not visible to others as this could be viewed as indirectlygiving assistance to another student.

What is ‘found in

possession of

unauthorised equipment

or material’?

Being found in possession of any unauthorised equipment or

material in an exam, test, clinical or laboratory situation or other

controlled assessment event. Unauthorised equipment or material

includes any item that might provide you with an unfair academic

advantage over other students. This may be equipment or material

which contains or conveys, or is able to convey information that

relates directly or indirectly to the subject matter of the assessment.

An example would be using a programmable calculator into which

you have pre-programmed information that may give you an

advantage over others, or having a cellphone in your possession

when you have been advised that cellphones are not allowed.

Even if you are found in possession of unauthorised material and

don’t use it you might be deemed to be in breach of this regulation.

What is ‘plagiarises the

work of another person

without indicating that

the work is not the

student’s own’?

Plagiarism is taking the ideas or words or concepts of others and

claiming that they are your own. It can take many forms, from

deliberate cheating to copying from a source without sufficient

attribution to the source of the information. Plagiarism can have

serious consequences as it is viewed as theft of someone else’s

intellectual property just in the same way that taking someone’s

physical possessions would be theft. So it is important that you are

aware of what it is, and how to avoid it.

Almost all scholarship relies upon referring to the work of others; in

fact you cannot normally write academically without borrowing

words and/or ideas from other people. However it is important that

you acknowledge the academic work of other people. It is partly this

tradition of acknowledgment of sources in the form of citing and

referencing that separates academic writing from other forms of

knowledge: it is part of the strength of academic research.

The academic work of other people includes:

the work of other students

written work from the Internet, textbooks or any other

source

images and audio

ideas

work that is published, posted on the internet, said, viewed

or heard publicly


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In addition, as part of an academic community, and thereby

benefiting from your membership of this community, you are

expected to abide by its ethical practices. These ethical practices

include the need to consciously acknowledge those ideas, words and

concepts that we borrow from other people.

Experts on plagiarism point out that the ‘work of other people’

excludes work that is common knowledge, making it difficult for new

students to decide when to reference (Carroll, 2007). See the section

on How to Develop Academic Integrity Skills for help on determining

what is common knowledge.

What is ‘approved’

collaboration?

You are encouraged to become an independent learner through the

University’s teaching and learning approach that emphasises student

engagement in their own learning and student interaction with each

other (AUT Strategic Plan 2012-2016).

Group work requires you to collaborate ie to study, research, analyse

and evaluate topics, together. Group assessment requires you to

study, research and complete a single assessment as a group. Both

group work and group assessments help you to develop teamwork

skills, to build on each other’s ideas. Group assessments encourage

you collaborate in order to develop a result that is better than it

would have been if produced by individuals.

When completing individual assessments you may choose to discuss

the assessment requirements with other people, to suggest areas forresearch and to discuss your ideas with others. However, your

submitted work must be as a result of your own intellectual

endeavours.

What is ‘unapproved’

collaboration

Unapproved collaboration may lead to collusion, that is, submitting

work as if it has been done individually when it has been significantly

influenced by another person or persons.

Examples of unapproved collaboration in an individual piece of

assessment may include: two or more students developing one set of study notes in

preparation for an examination or other type of assessment.

students taking parts of an individual piece of assessment

and then combining each part to make one assessment that

is then submitted by each student separately.

students writing an assessment together and submitting it

under two different names.

editing or re-writing by another person that goes beyond the

norms of checking spelling and grammatical errors and

results in changes in the ideas.


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See Appendix Three for an exercise in determining the difference

between collaboration and collusion.

What is ‘resubmits

previously submitted

work without prior

approval of the

examination board’?

This is also sometimes referred to as self-plagiarism. It means

submitting the same work or parts of the same work that you have

previously submitted in another assessment for which you have

received credit or a grade.

It is not fair to give credit again for the same piece of work written

for another assessment. Previously submitted work includes work

that was submitted for another paper in the same or another

institution or publication, as well as work previously submitted in the

same paper but a previous assessment.

If the assessment instructions permit you to use work that you have

developed for a previous use, this work must be referenced as

though it was a publication, as you are the author.

What is ‘uses any other

unfair means’?

Following are a range of situations which may constitute a student

having an unfair advantage over other students. It is not a mutually

exclusive list.

Tampering with examinations

Obtaining the exam or test script prior to sitting

Sitting an exam for another student or having another student sit

an exam for you

Changing a marked assessment and submitting for

reconsideration Allowing someone else to do the work eg writing, of an

assessment

Overuse of third party assistance such as editors, proofreaders

Altering group assessment work of participating students without

the collaborating students’ consent

Fabrication or falsification of data or results of field or other work

Making a false declaration, eg falsifying the word count for an

assignment

Misrepresenting exceptional circumstances beyond your control

and then claiming special conditions Any situation where a student gains an unfair advantage through

using work that is not their own and is not acknowledged by

them as not their own.


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Poor planning Poor time management skills are often a cause of if you leave writing

assignments or studying until the last minute or due to your busy life

you have difficulty in prioritising time. Sometimes you may have

difficulty coping with multiple assessment deadlines.

As a result you may panic and try to find the quickest method of

completing an assessment.

Citation misunderstanding Citing and referencing indicates to the reader the sources of ideas

and material that you have used as a foundation for your own work.

Citation misunderstanding can result from insufficient understanding

of the academic conventions of citing and referencing, particular to a

student’s area of study. For example, the Faculty of Business & Law

requires students to use the APA (American Psychological

Association) 6th

edition method of referencing.

‘It’s my own work, I’ve usedit before’

You rightly see work that you have already produced as your ownintellectual property and feel you have the right to use it again where

appropriate. However, you cannot resubmit work that has previously

been used to gain credit (a grade) unless prior permission is given

and then the work must be referenced.

‘I thought they were my

own notes’ Poor research practice results in students copying and pasting chunks

of work or recording information without reference to the original

author. At the time of borrowing the information, you may forget to

record the attribution information such as the source, author,

original date and date of retrieval when using the material of others.

Then when you come to use the information it is no longer clear who

the information belongs to. This results in the text losing ownership

(Carroll, 2007).

‘It’s common knowledge’ Information may be viewed as ‘common knowledge’ and therefore it

is implied that as ‘everyone knows this’ there is no need to reference

that information to its source.

Some of the rules around referencing may seem contradictory and

vary in their interpretation of what is common knowledge. See the

section on How to Develop AI Skills for help.

Ambiguity of terms Students who are new to academic study may have difficulty

understanding terms such as ‘define’ or ‘explain’ or ‘analyse’. Some

students do not think a definition needs to be referenced.

Different cultural

perspectives

Students may unintentionally plagiarise due to differing cultural

assumptions. In some cultures, paraphrasing is viewed as being

disrespectful to the original author and to include material from an

expert in a particular field without citation is acceptable (Chester,

2001).


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How todevelop

AcademicIntegrity

skills

This section offersguidelines on how to

develop skills leading

to academic integrity


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Academic Study Skills

Good academic practice

Recognise gaps and seek

help

Be a responsible student

Good academic study skills are gained through:

developing good note taking skills

developing skills in researching Internet and library material reading and researching widely

planning your writing, drafting and redrafting

learning to paraphrase and summarise appropriately

limiting direct quotes

learning to develop a clear argument and thinking critically

managing your time effectively

understanding the requirements of the assessment

Recognise where you have gaps in your skills and knowledge in the

above areas and seek help. This might be through self-directed study

such as finding resources that will help you develop good academicstudy skills. You are also encouraged to attend courses and seek help

from academic staff. See the later section on Where do I get help?

You also have a responsibility to familiarise yourself with the

Business Assessment and Study Handbook and follow the Student

Expectations (AUT Business Assessment and Study Handbook).

Referencing your work

Assessments Assessments such as tests, essays, reports, presentations and exams,

provide you with the opportunity to show your understanding in aparticular subject area and to demonstrate the achievement of the

learning goals for the papers you are enrolled in.

As part of your learning you are expected to refer to and incorporate

the work of experts in the subject area. However, it is unacceptable

to use another person’s ideas without attributing the work to them.

Attribution is undertaken by citing the source in the body of the work

and giving a full reference at the end of the work.

What is referencing? Referencing is the formal acknowledgement of the source of any

material (other than your own ideas) used in your work. The sourcematerial used could include: other people’s ideas, research,

diagrams, images, audio files, statistics, facts and theories from both

published and unpublished works.

Systems of referencing There are a number of accepted referencing systems used by

different disciplines. Please refer to your subject study guide for

details.

NZ Law Style Law students and academics use The New Zealand Law Style Guide

available at: http://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-

guide/index.html

http://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.html


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APA 6th

Edition The Business School in the Faculty of Business & Law uses the APA

(American Psychological Association) system of referencing (6th

Ed.).

A Guide is available through the AUT Library online resources

http://www.aut.ac.nz/library/study/referencing

This system requires sources to be acknowledged by:

citations within the body of your work

and

full written details of those citations in the reference list at

the end of your work.

Reference list The purpose of the reference list is to allow your sources to be found

by your reader. It also gives credit to authors you have consulted for

their ideas. A reference list must be included as a new page after the

body of the report and be titled References. It is an alphabetical

listing of all the sources cited in your work except for personal

communications (such as conversations), which cannot be retrieved.

Bibliography A reference list is different from a bibliography which is more a

comprehensive list of all background reading. A bibliography lists all

the sources used during your research and background reading, not

just the ones you refer to in your assignment.

Resources for referencing

AUT Business Assessment

and Study Handbook 2013

Endnote

MS Word

Student Learning Centre

Courses

This booklet has been developed specifically for business students

and is a useful resource for information on academic integrity,referencing and assessments (AUT, 2013).

EndNote is personal reference management software that allows you

to import, store and manage your references to create citations and

references lists, using a range of referencing conventions. You may

download it for free from the AUT University website for off-campus

use.

http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=84548&sid=628305

Increasingly, students are using MS Word to manage their sources.

The Student Learning Centre offers courses early in the semester on

a range of skills related to academic study. Moreover, they are free

to AUT students http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-

out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-

support/student-learning

Using citations

What is a citation? A citation indicates that particular information in your work is

borrowed from or based on another source. The citation gives briefdetails regarding the author that help the reader to identify the

http://www.aut.ac.nz/library/study/referencinghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/library/study/referencinghttp://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=72586&sid=1383668#4383010http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=72586&sid=1383668#4383010http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=84548&sid=628305http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=84548&sid=628305http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=84548&sid=628305http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=72586&sid=1383668#4383010http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/content.php?pid=72586&sid=1383668#4383010http://www.aut.ac.nz/library/study/referencing


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source of the material in the alphabetical reference list at the end of

your work.

These are often referred to as in-text references and require the

name of the author/s and date of publication. If a quote is used then

the page number must also be included.

Citations within the body of

your work

A citation is required every time you use or refer, in the body of your

text, to another person’s:

opinions

ideas

statistics

diagrams

images

audio files

charts

illustrations

suggestions facts

observations.

This means every time you:

quote

paraphrase

summarise

make specific reference to another person’s work

use another person’s work as the basis of the development of

your own thoughts.

You do not need to cite your own original thoughts or common

knowledge, unless you are referring to something you have written

elsewhere.

How to use a citation Citations are used in the same way whether you are paraphrasing,

quoting or summarising.

The citation may go before or after the paraphrase, quote or

summary depending on how you have presented the material. The

following example uses a quote:

“In performance cultures, employees are more likely to see their own

goal achievement as synonymous with their own organisation’s

success”(Macky, 2008, p.261).

OR

Macky (2008) comments that “In performance cultures,

employees are more likely to see their own goal achievement as

synonymous with their own organisation’s success” (p. 261).


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Paraphrasing, quoting and summarising

What is a paraphrase? A paraphrase is when you put the words, sentences and paragraphs

of another person into your own words without copying the words or

structure of the original material. Good paraphrasing indicates thatyou have clearly understood the original material as you have

integrated it into your own thinking and personal writing style.

Paraphrasing is a skill that takes time to do well and will develop with

practise.

Paraphrasing requires more than minor changes to the original work.

Simply changing the order of the words or changing the occasional

word with another word that has a similar meaning is not the correct

way to paraphrase. Even someone with very good writing skills may

have difficulty at times. See Appendix One for an example of poor

and appropriate paraphrasing.

What sort of common

knowledge doesn’t need to

be cited?

Following are some thoughts on what determines common

knowledge.

Information that is common to your discipline is common

knowledge when it is referred to in at least five credible sources

without being referenced (Owl Writing Lab, Purdue University).

Whether something is common knowledge depends on the

audience. If you were referring to general information or ideas

from your discipline and your intended audience was from the

same discipline then you may expect it to be common knowledge

and therefore there would be no need to find the source of this

common knowledge.

For example as a marketing student you might use the term

‘market segmentation’. This is a common term in the marketing

discipline and therefore when using this term in a general sense

there may be no need to attribute it to its source. However, if

the same term was referred to in say the psychology discipline, it

would be wise to cite it as it is not a term common to thatdiscipline and you would want to explain it in more detail for that

audience and make reference to the source of information

(Referen©ite, University of Auckland).

It is suggested that even where citing does not seem necessary as

with common words, your credibility as an academic writer is

enhanced by attributing to the source of your research (Carroll,

2007).

What is a quote? A quotation is when you copy the exact words from the source

material.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/http://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/


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When to use quotes

Why have you chosen to

include the quote in your

assignment?

Quotes are used where the wording of the original material is

powerful and you cannot reasonably paraphrase without losing the

meaning of that work. You would use a quote to emphasise an

important idea from a leading expert.

All quotes must be followed by an explanation. It is not sufficient toquote and leave it up to the reader to interpret it in the context of

your writing.

Limit the amount of quotes you use. Remember the majority of the

assignment needs to be your own thinking in your own words. It is

suggested that quotes should not exceed 10% of the total word

count (McCulloch & Reid, 2012).

How to use a quote

Short quotes

Long quotes

If a quote is less than 40 words, the quote must be in double

quotations marks, together with the author, year of publication and

page number of the original source of the quote. Examples:

“So once you start preparing assignments, you will need to ensure

that you properly acknowledge any information that you have used

to support your writing. This applies in the professional world as

well” (McCulloch & Reid, 2012, p. 62) .

McCulloch and Reid (2012) stated that “once you start preparing

assignments, you will need to ensure that you properly acknowledge

any information that you have used to support your writing. This

applies in the professional world as well” (p. 58).

If a quote is 40 words or more, the quote should start on a new line

and each line is indented fives spaces from the left hand margin. No

quotation marks are required but the author, year of publication and

page number format is the same as for short quotes. Examples:

If you understand that you need to acknowledge all your

sources, then this is the first step in ensuring you practise

academic honesty and avoid plagiarism. This also applies in

the professional setting where you are demonstrating

professional integrity by acknowledging your sources of

information. (McCulloch & Reid, 2012, p. 63)

McCulloch and Reid (2012) explain that:

If you understand that you need to acknowledge all your

sources, then this is the first step in ensuring you practise

academic honesty and avoid plagiarism. This also applies in

the professional setting where you are demonstrating

professional integrity by acknowledging your sources of

information. (p.63)


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Summarising A summary gathers together and identifies the key points from the

original source. A summary is written in your own words.

Where do I get help?

Your lecturer Your first point of contact is your lecturer. If you are unsure of the

assessment requirements or whether you can use previously

submitted work then you should speak to them.

Paper Co-ordinator/Leader Your Study Guide will also refer you to the Paper Leader for the

paper you are enrolled in.

Student Learning Centre The Student Learning Centre provides free academic support to

help you excel and achieve better grades. If you are struggling with

an assignment, essay or paper they offer a range of resources onessay writing, referencing, time management, exam preparation

and how to study effectively. They also hold free workshops

throughout the year to help you achieve the best possible grades.

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-

undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-

support/student-learning

Services for Māori and

Pasifika studentsMāori and Pasifika students at AUT can access a wide range of

student learning services and resources, including tertiary readiness

programmes for new AUT students, tutorial groups, one-on-one

academic support, and fono and whānau spaces on campus.

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-

undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-

support/maori-academic-support

AUT Library The Library provides a range of tools and resources to assist you

with your learning and research.

http://www.aut.ac.nz/library/study

AuSM (Auckland Student

Movement at AUT)The AuSM Advocacy team can provide support, advice and

advocacy services that are independent, confidential and free.

http://www.ausm.org.nz/

The AUT Chinese Centre AUT Chinese Centre is under the umbrella of the Office of

International Relations and Development and Student Services. The

primary aim of the Chinese Centre is to provide pastoral and

academic assistance for students from the Chinese region.

http://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-

chinese-centre

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/library/studyhttp://www.aut.ac.nz/library/studyhttp://www.ausm.org.nz/http://www.ausm.org.nz/http://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-chinese-centrehttp://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-chinese-centrehttp://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-chinese-centrehttp://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-chinese-centrehttp://www.aut.ac.nz/study-at-aut/international-students/aut-chinese-centrehttp://www.ausm.org.nz/http://www.aut.ac.nz/library/studyhttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/maori-academic-supporthttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learninghttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/current-undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning


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AUT

Processes

This section outlines

the University

processes for alleged

breaches of academic

integrity


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Why might my work be investigated?

Why might my work be

investigated?

Academic misconduct or cases of suspected plagiarism or cheating

are generally found by the lecturer, marker or examination

supervisor.

In an unsupervised (uncontrolled) assessment such as a written

piece of work or submission of visual or audio or other material, the

marker may suspect there is academic misconduct when:

there are significant similarities between the work of one

student and another student

the language used or work presented is more sophisticated

than would be expected at that academic level and/or is

inconsistent with the student’s previous work

submission to Turnitin.com results in an unacceptable

overall similarity score. in the lecturer’s professional judgement a body of

knowledge has been used that has not been given

attribution rights

there are other irregularities.

In a supervised (controlled) assessment such as an examination or

test the marker or examination supervisor may suspect there is

academic misconduct when:

a student is in possession of material that is not permitted

in the examination room

a student tampers with the examination or the examination

setting

a student shares their work intentionally or unintentionally

allows their work to be shared

there are other inconsistencies.

Turnitin

What is Turnitin? Turnitin.com is an electronic text matching tool used to check the

similarity of student submitted work with other sources held in its

databases. Submitted work is checked against:

the Current and Archived Web - 20 billion web pages from the

current web as well as archived web pages.

student papers - a database of over 220 million items of

student submitted work.

content partnerships - over 100 million books, publications and

articles (Turnitin, 2012).

When work is submitted to a ‘class’ and ‘assignment’ that has been

set up in Turnitin, an Originality Report is automatically generated.This report shows an overall similarity index (OSI), the overall


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percentage of the document that is matched to sources on the

Turnitin databases. The OSI is also broken down into the

percentage of matches to other student work, the internet and to

publications. Furthermore, each match to the same source is

highlighted in the student report and a percentage of that match is

given.

What happens to my work

when it is submitted to

Turnitin?

When you submit your work to Turnitin your work is permanently

stored in a database. In order to help maintain your privacy you

should remove your name and use only your student ID on the

coversheet, headers and footers of the work you submit.

If your work matches the work of a student in another educational

organisation, the lecturer of that organisation may be able to view

your work. If your work is not available, they may request, via

Turnitin, to view your work. If permission is given by your AUT

lecturer then your work is then made available to another

institution.

How is Turnitin used? Turnitin is one of several methods used when investigating any case

of alleged copying, plagiarism or cheating. Turnitin scores are also

only one of a number of factors that are taken into consideration in

determining the outcome of an investigation.

In considering the Overall Similarity Index and the percentage of

matches as determined by Turnitin the marker will:

Consider the matches to other students or your own previouslysubmitted work.

Take into consideration text that has been included in the

matches but may be part of a template or other material made

available to all students and part of the structure of the

assessment.

Take into consideration text that is appropriately cited and

referenced.

Look at text that has been cited but is a direct match and

therefore should have been included in quotation marks.

Look at text that appears to have been altered by replacingsome of the words but still follows the same sequence, flow

and themes of discussion as another source.

Look at text that has not been matched to Turnitin but may

follow the same sequence, flow and themes of the discussion in

another source.


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What is the process if I’m suspected of academic misconduct?

What is the process? The type and severity of the misconduct will determine how the

student’s case is dealt with. The Faculty of Business & Law has

robust procedures in place to ensure allegations of academicmisconduct are dealt with in a transparent, fair and consistent

manner. In the case of examination or test misconduct the

student’s case may be sent to the Faculty of Business & Law

Discipline Committee. In the case of written or other academic

misconduct, the case may be referred to the Faculty of Business &

Law Academic Integrity Advisors for further investigation.

A student will receive written and email confirmation of an alleged

case of academic misconduct. This advice will be sent to their AUT

email address and the residential address on ARION, the student

records management system.

There are a range of possible outcomes as a result of an

investigation into alleged academic misconduct:

An interview with academic staff or request for further

information

No penalty

A requirement to complete a course on academic writing or

study

A warning penalty

A warning penalty that is formally recorded on the

University academic dishonesty database

A change to the grade awarded for a piece of assessment

A requirement to resubmit work or re-sit an examination or

test

a change to the overall grade awarded for a paper

In rare cases a student may be removed from the

university.

Cover Page Submission

Electronic or hard copy

submissionStudents submitting assessments are normally required to submit a

standard AUT coversheet declaration with their assessment. This is

a declaration that you understand and agree to comply with the

AUT General Academic Regulations. When the coversheet is

submitted in hard copy you are required to sign and date it. When

it is submitted electronically you are not required to sign or date it

but by submitting it electronically you are agreeing to the terms of

the declaration.


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What can I do?

My rights Students’ rights are strongly respected and therefore as well as

recommending students seek support the University also requires

students to have the right to appeal a decision made. There areseveral steps to the appeal process. Students have the right to:

seek a reconsideration of an assessment grade

appeal the decision to the Discipline Committee

appeal the decision of the Discipline Committee to the Vice

Chancellor’s office.

(AUT Calendar 2013, The General Academic Regulations, Part 6

Academic Discipline, Sections 1-4)

Where do I get help? It is recommended that students seek help and support from AUT

AUSM (Auckland Student Movement). This is a free studentadvocacy service. Alternatively, students may wish to discuss their

case with family or other support people.


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References

AUT (2012). AUT Strategic Plan 2012-2016. Retrieved on 5 April 2013 from

http://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publications

AUT Student Learning Centre (2013). Academic integrity and plagiarism. Retrieved 8 April 2013 from

http://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-

information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-

resources-for-students

AUT (2013). AUT University Calendar 2013. Retrieved from http://www.aut.ac.nz/about-

aut/university-publications

AUT (2013). Business assessment and study handbook .

Carroll, J. (2007). A handbook for deterring plagiarism in higher education (2nd ed.) Oxford, Great

Britain: Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development.

Chester, G. (2001 ). Plagiarism detection and prevention: final report of the JISC electronic plagiarism

detection project . Retrieved 8 April 2013 from

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/plagiarism.aspx

Student Materials (n.d.). Retrieved 8 April 2013 from http://plagiarism.org/resources/student-

materials

International Centre for Academic Integrity (2012). The fundamental values of academic integrity .

Retrieved 5 April 2013 from http://www.academicintegrity.org/icai/resources-2.php

McCulloch, R. & Reid, A. (2012). Your business degree. Australia:Pearson.

Purdue University (2010). Purdue online writing lab. Retrieved 11 July 2012 from

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/

The New Zealand Law Foundation (n.d.). The New Zealand law style guide. New Zealand: Thomson

Reuters. Retrieved 25 March 2013 from http://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-

guide/index.html

Turnitin (2012). Turnitin products. Retrieved 19 July, 2012 fromhttp://www.turnitin.com/en_us/products/content#page

University of Auckland (2012). When do you need to reference? (Referen©ite, University of

Auckland). Retrieved on 11 July 2012 from

http://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_reference

http://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/plagiarism.aspxhttp://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/plagiarism.aspxhttp://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/http://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.turnitin.com/en_us/products/content#pagehttp://www.turnitin.com/en_us/products/content#pagehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.cite.auckland.ac.nz/index.php?p=when_to_referencehttp://www.turnitin.com/en_us/products/content#pagehttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://www.lawfoundation.org.nz/style-guide/index.htmlhttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/2/http://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://plagiarism.org/resources/student-materialshttp://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/plagiarism.aspxhttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publicationshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/being-a-student/starting-out/undergraduates/academic-information/academic-and-study-support/student-learning/student-learning-centre-print-resources-for-studentshttp://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/university-publications


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Appendix One – Academic Integrity and Plagiarism

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY & PLAGIARISM

Academic integrity refers to the practice of honesty around using and reporting academic research,

texts and ideas and the research process in general.

When a person uses another person’s words (direct quotations) or ideas and does not give them

credit f or those ideas in their assignment it is known as “Plagiarism” and this goes against the

principles of academic integrity – whether intentional (on purpose) or unintentional, it is still

considered a breach or breaking of academic integrity.

What is wrong with plagiarism?

There are many reasons why plagiarism should be avoided:Plagiarism is really stealing someone else’s words or ideas and pretending that they are your own.

e credit.

procedures as described in the AUT Calendar under “Policy Statements” (AUT, 2013).

is disrespectful to other students studying with you. Plagiarism is like when you cheat on anexam. You give yourself an unfair advantage over others who have worked hard to avoid plagiarism.

iarising, or even worse, you could be asked

to leave the programme you are studying.

ideas and wants to follow up your sources, they do not have any idea of where to find your sources if

you do not reference them.

community made up of many years of thinkers and writers.


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How to avoid plagiarism Manage your time carefully. You need to allow yourself enough time to read your material, write

useful notes and complete your assignment.

need to choose what you want to read. Allow yourself enough time to read the material at leasttwice so you have a good understanding of what the author is saying before you start making notes.

ng the information in the body

of your assignment and in the reference list at the end i.e.: author, date of publication, name of

book/journal (Vol. &No.), page range of journal articles or chapter, publisher, place of publication,

page number, website url, webpage title, date of retrieval, all references to where information is

taken from.

information in YOUR OWN WORDS.

u are reading you may find that several authors have a similar

idea. In your notes write down the idea (in your own words) and the authors who think this.

o

include the page that this quote came from.

Print out or photocopy all your source information. Start the bibliography or reference list as you

find information.

Hints to identify plagiarism in your writing

Pretend that you have seen the following opening in Brooksbank’s book Battle for the market .You think this is what your lecturer wants to see in your essay.

Brooksbank, R. (1996). Battle For the Market .

Smart marketers know that to be successful, their company’s products and services must be

well “positioned” in the marketplace ... positioning strategy provides the key to market success.

However, research has also shown that not all managers fully understand either the concept of

the process of positioning strategy development. Recent research I conducted suggests that up

to 50% of marketing executives in medium-sized companies in the UK fall into this category.

You have read the information and taken notes. Look at what you have written below anddecide if you think your lecturer would be pleased.

How a company positions itself in the marketplace can determine the success or failure of the

company. However research has shown that not all managers understand the concept or the

process of positioning strategy development.

The first sentence in the above text is fine. It is a summary of what the paragraph will be about.

The second sentence, however, is clearly plagiarism. The sentence has been written word for

word, except for the word ‘also’. There is no acknowledgment that these words/this idea came

from someone else.


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Positioning strategy provides the key to market success. Smart marketers know that to be

successful, their company's products and services must be well “positioned” in the marketplace.

The above text is also plagiarism. The writer has reversed the two sentences in the opening

paragraph, but this is still considered plagiarism.


company. Surprisingly, research shows that up to 50% of managers in some UK companies do

not understand the importance of effective marketing.

In the text above the writer has paraphrased the ‘idea’ from Brooksbank’s article. However, this is

still considered plagiarism as the ideas have not come from the writer and Brooksbank has not been

referenced.

Changing the occasional word for another with a similar meaning is not “writing in your own

words.”

So what does good referencing look like? Have a look at the two texts below. Both have been

referenced properly. The first text is an example of paraphrasing and the second is an example of a

direct quote.

Paraphrasing and citing


company. Surprisingly, research by Brooksbank (1996) shows that up to 50% of managers in

some UK companies do not understand the importance of effective marketing.

Quoting


company. Surprisingly, as Brooksbank (1996, p.48) states, ‘recent research … suggests that up to

50% of marketing executive in medium sized companies in the UK fall into this category’.

Taken from AUT Student Learning Centre, Academic Integrity & Plagiarism.


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Appendix Two – AUT Library Referencing with APA 6th – Brief Guide


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Appendix Three – Collusion Continuum Exercise

Read the exercise below and think about at which point the students move from acceptable

collaboration to unacceptable collusion that would result in academic misconduct.

Discuss it with your friends and see if their viewpoint differs from yours.

A teacher sets this task: ‘Choose one of the three companies I suggest and write an individual report

on their advertising campaigns in the last three years’. Three students do the steps listed below in

this order.

When (if ever) do they move from co-operation and collaboration to creating a report that gives a

false impression to the assessor as to whose work is being marked?

The three students:

1.

Discuss the coursework brief with the teacher and with other students.

2.

Look at examples of similar coursework from the past and discuss their good and bad points with

each other.

3. Discuss the best way to tackle the task of writing the report and decide to choose the same

company (Let’s all do Microsoft ).

4. Decide to all do a bit of research on advertising campaigns (You find out about design, I’ll do

impact, Joe, you do cost, etc.).

5. Tell each other what they have found and brief each other on useful sources of information.

6.

Photocopy each others’ scribbles, library notes and printed Web pages.

7.

Delegate the best researcher of the group to find out about the company’s campaign, tell the

others and give them copies of notes, Web pages, summaries of articles, etc. ( Joe, you find out

and tell us…).

8.

Jointly agree a structure for the final report; agree which are the strongest points, which should

go first, etc.

9. Share out the writing task with each person writing one or two sections.

10. Pool the sections and everyone takes the collected test to write their own final draft. Nobody

changes more than 5%.

11.

Submit the report for a mark.(Carroll, 2007, p. 19)

It is our opinion that anything below Point 3 above, is collusion. Students may select the same topic

area when a predetermined range is given, however as part of your academic study and assessment

requirements you must undertake your own research.

Documents

AI Guidance for Students Final 2013.pdf