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CANADIAN AGRICULTURALENGINEERING

NOVEMBER. 1970

VOLUME 12 NUMBER 2

EDITORIAL BOARD

F.R. HORE Chairman

Engineering Research ServiceCanada Agriculture, Ottawa 3, Ontario

H.D. AYERS

University of GuelphGuelph, Ontario

E.B. MOYSEY

University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, Saskatchewan

L.M. STALEY

University of British ColumbiaVancouver 8, British Columbia

J.L. THOMPSON

Research Station, Canada AgricultureSwift Current, Saskatchewan

CSAE COUNCIL 1970-71

J.C. McEACHREN PresidentMacMillan, Bloedel Building Materials50 Oak Street, Weston, Ontario

M.E. DODDS Past-PresidentResearch Station, Canada AgricultureSwift Current, Saskatchewan

K.W. DOMIER President-ElectUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton 7, Alberta

R.S. BROUGHTON Vice-President (Technical)Macdonald College, Quebec

J.J. HOGAN Vice-President (Regional)Department of Agriculture and ColonizationParliament BuildingsQuebec, Quebec

Regional Directors

R.S. TAIT

3985 Norwood AvenueNorth Vancouver, British Columbia

E. RAPP

University of AlbertaEdmonton 7, Alberta

G.C. ZOERB

University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, Saskatchewan

O.B. CLARK

New Holland Division, Sperry Rand1035 Waverly StreetWinnipeg 19, Manitoba

R.WINFIELD

Ontario Hydro620 University AvenueToronto 2, Ontario

R.M. HALYK

Macdonald College, Quebec

J.T. MacAULEY Atlantic ProvincesNova Scotia Department of AgricultureTruro, Nova Scotia

Ex Officio Members

F.H. THEAKSTON

University of GuelphGuelph, Ontario

F.R. HORE Chairman, Editorial BoardEngineering Research ServiceCanada Agriculture, Ottawa 3, Ontario

British Columbia

Alberta

Saskatchewan

Manitoba

Ontario

Quebec

AIC Advisory CouncilRepresentative

SECOND EFFORT

J.C. McEachren

Member CSAE

The success of Agricultural Engineers in meeting the challengesof the '70's willbe due mainly to our ability to work as part of a team and to exhibit thatessential element found on all winning teams, namely, second effort. With thehectic pace of today's modern business world and society in general, we cannotdrift with the current if we are to reach the other side of the stream.

Agricultural Engineers and the C.S.A.E. in particular are dedicated to thedevelopment and dissemination of engineering information necessary for thebetterment of agriculture. As stated by Brooks McCormick in his address at theopening of the A.S.A.E. headquarters building this year, past challenges havebeen to provide abundance - the quantity of life. To date, we have been successful in creating this environment ofquantity on this continent. Through rapidcommunications, travel and exchange programs, we have contributed to definiteimprovements in some underdeveloped areas. The question is: Are we progressing fast enough? This challenge will definitely continue to grow with worldpopulation. We must develop and disseminate knowledge and practices rapidlyto all parts of the globe.

In recent times, another challenge has come to the public forefront andit ishere that team approach by professionals from many disciplines will beneededto successfully meet it. Thissecond challenge is to maintain or create an environment of quality to realize satisfaction from the environment of quantity. Wemust recognize what has been destroyed in creating abundance and re-establish aliving environment for mankind. Man must learn to work with nature, notagainst her. Agricultural Engineers are the logical leaders to meet this challengebecause of their unique blend of engineering knowledge coupled with biologyand science developed through serving agriculture and nature. Our membersalready have a vast knowledge of the problems and are familiar with land, air andwater resources essential in an environment of quality. Group effort will beessential, as noone profession can solve thftchallenge alone, and it isparamountthat we work as an international team for the benefit of all.

I am sure we will meet this challenge; indeed we must if mankind is tosurvive. There is a great opportunity for agricultural engineers and ournationalsociety - C.S.A.E. - to establish themselves in the forefront as a profession.The contribution of our membership in providing knowledge and leadership tomeet this challenge will go far in providing us the public recognition many feel ispresently lacking.

From our varied positions andoccupations, let useachmake a resolution towork as a team and give that second effort so essential in meeting the challengeof the '70's. If we do this, I am sure we can achieve an environment of qualitythat will enable us to enjoy the environment ofquantity in the peace that thenations of the worldso desperately seek.

Let usnot be found wantingin secondeffort!

Canadian Agricultural Engineering publishes papers covering the general field of Agricultural Engineering that fit into one of the following classifications: 1) a scientific paperbased on original research; 2) a technical paper based on design, development, testing oranalysis of machines, equipment, structures, processes, or practice; 3) a general paper'oneducation relative to curricula and philosophy or trends in science, on a survey or investigation of some phase of research or research methods, or onextension or extension methodsThe Editoral Board may also publish abstracts of papers published elsewhere and interestingnews items of members or developments in Agricultural Engineering.

Manuscripts for publication should be submitted to the Chairman of the EditorialBoard. The papers must be originals and must not have been published elsewhere or copyrighted. The author, not the CSAE, is responsible for opinions expressed. Informationpublished in Canadian Agricultural Engineering may be quoted in whole or in part providedthat credit is given to the author and to the journal. Information on page, reprint and othercharges may be obtained from members of the Board.

Central Office Address: Suite 907, 151 Slater Street, Ottawa4, OntarioPublished Semi-Annually (May and November)

Subscription Rate: $4.00 per annum

CANADIAN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, VOL. 12,NO. 2, NOVEMBER 197057

NOTES TO CONTRIBUTORS

The Editorial Board will assess suit

ability and essential detail of papers sub-mi tted for publication in CanadianAgricultural Engineering. One or more reviewers will be used. Their comments and

suggestions will be compiled and submitted to the author. The review will ensure

that:

1. A research paper does represent apiece of research carried to a well-defined stage of advancement and thatthe conclusions are adequately supported by the experimental results.

2. A technical paper represents a clear,concise, and factual outline and interpretation of the development, design,test, or analysis under considerationand that it is a contribution in the

field of agricultural engineering.

3. A general paper on education, research, or extension is pertinent tomajor changes in curricula, research, orextension or to forward-looking developments in these areas.

MANUSCRIPT

The manuscript should be typeddouble-spaced on paper 8-1/2 x 11 in.(21.6 x 27.9 cm), with margins not lessthan 1-1/4 in. (3.3 cm). The first pageshould contain the title, author's nameand address, and any necessary footnotes.Tables and captions for illustrationsshould be on separate pages placed afterthe text. Manuscript paper with numbered lines is preferred. The original andtwo copies are required.

The title of the paper should be capitalized and centred on the page. If thereis only one author, centre the name andaddress under the title. If there are two or

more authors, space names and addressesequally under the title. Use lower case except for the first letter of major words.Do not use abbreviations in the address.

If the author is a member of the Society,designate as Member CSAE.

ORGANIZATION

The paper should be organized to conform with present Journal practice.Research and technical papers must in

clude a short Summary section of about200 words.

| Major headings — Centre on the pagewith all words in capital letters.

Subheadings —Start at left-hand margin, capitalize first letter of major words.

Sub-subheadings — Start at left-handmargin, in lower case except first letter offirst word, and under line.

Technical and detailed information

should be included in only one fashion-by description, table, graph, chart, orphotograph.

References

List references alphabetically byauthors at the end. Include year of publication, title in lower case except firstletter of first word, and source, with volume and page numbers where applicable.Names of periodicals should be abbreviated in the form given in either the Listof Periodicals Abstracted by ChemicalAbstracts or the American Standard forPeriodical Title Abbreviations. Material in

press, with the name of the journal, maybe used as a reference. Private communi

cations and reports or numbered papersnot yet accepted for publication shouldbe referred to in parentheses in the textor in a footnote. References in the manu

script should be designated by arabicnumerals in parentheses.

Tables

Designate tables at the top by tablenumber (Roman numerals) and title, allin capital letters. All headings and otherinformation in tables are to be in lower

case except first letter of first word. Placethe table across the page wherever possible. Do not use vertical lines.

Measurements

Use the metric system in the textwhere practical or list metric equivalentsin parentheses after English units. Useonly one system in tables, charts, orgraphs.

Equations

Equations and formulas must be set upclearly. Use capitals for symbols as much

as possible and lower case for superscriptsand subscripts. Greek and other characters should be identified clearly. Equations should be numbered on the right-hand margin in large numbers and in linewith the centre of the equation.

Abbreviations

Typical phrases should be abbreviated(e.g., rpm, cps, hp, pto). They should betyped in lower case without periods.Abbreviate units of measures only whenused with numerals. Do not use abbrevia

tions in the title or the summary of apaper. Normally, numbers less than 10should be spelled out, e.g., six.

Paragraphs

If paragraphs are to be numbered, designate by arabic numerals. Designate subparagraphs by lower case letters inparentheses.

ILLUSTRATIONS

An illustration or a group of themshould be planned to fit, after reduction,into a space equal in width to that occupied on the journal page by onecolumn (preferred) or two or threecolumns if necessary. The original shouldnot be more than three times the size of

the final reproduction. For identificationthe figure number, author's name, andpaper title should be written lightly in thelower left corner of a photograph. Use asoft lead pencil. Photographs should beprinted on glossy paper with strong contrasts approximately 5 x 7 in. (12.7 x17.8 cm) in size. One set is required foreach copy of the paper.

Line drawings

Make line drawings with india ink onplain or blue-lined paper or other suitablematerial. Letters, numerals, labels, andaxis captions should be made in capitalsize with a lettering guide {not a typewriter). They should be large enough thatthe smallest character will not be less

than 1 mm high when reduced. Type thefigure numbers and captions on a separatepage. One set of clear copies is requiredwith each copy of the paper. The originaldrawings must be provided when thepaper is accepted for printing.

The Canadian Society ofAgricultural Engineering

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