Upload
britney-bond
View
216
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
The Cell Membrane
A. Phospholipid
1. They have a polar head that is hydrophilic (water-loving).
2. They are made of nonpolar tails that are hydrophobic (water-fearing).
B. Phospholipid Bilayer
1. The plasma membrane is made of 2 layers of phospholipids with polar heads pointing out and nonpolar tails pointing in.
What the phospholipid bilayer look like?
C. 3 Proteins in the Membrane
1. Transport protein: act like doors or channels that allow molecules to pass through the membrane. (Cell phone)
2. Receptor proteins: transfer information to the inside of the cell. (Texting)
3. Recognition proteins or glyco-proteins. These are name tags. (caller ID)
Movement Through the Cell Membrane
D. Selectively Permeable D. Selectively Permeable MembraneMembrane
Only certain molecules are allowed to pass freely.
So how do materials move in and out of a cell?
1. Passive transport – NO energyA. Simple Diffusion (Osmosis)B. Carrier-facilitated Diffusion
2. Active transport – needs energy
Diffusion of Kool Aide in water
A. Simple Diffusion• No energy is needed.
Molecules move from an area of high concentration (where there are many molecules) to an area of low concentration (where there are less molecules).
• Molecules spread out evenly and reach an equilibrium.
B. Osmosis1. Osmosis is the Diffusion of WATER.
Water molecules move from an area of high concentration (where there are many water) to an area of low concentration (where there are less water).
2. NO energy needed!
1. Water moves by diffusion.2. Membrane is selectively permeable.
Dictionary says: “Facilitate: to make easier; to help something happen”
So who facilitates in the cell membrane?
C. Facilitated DiffusionC. Facilitated Diffusion• The TRANSPORT PROTEINS move molecules,
they are facilitators or helpers.
• No energy needed because molecules are moving from a higher concentration (lots of molecules) to a lower concentration (few molecules).
Active TransportActive Transport• Transport Proteins move or pump molecules
by using energy.
Why is energy needed?
• Molecules move from a low concentration (few) to a higher concentration (many).
What do you know?
Use your notes to help!!
Name differences between simple diffusion & facilitated diffusion.
What is the smallest
living thing?
Power Point #2
The Cell
Name a structure found in
eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.
Nucleus,Organelles
Bacteria is what type of cell?
Prokaryotic Cell
Are prokaryotes simple cells or complex cells?
Simple Cells
Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular
Are plants and animal cells
eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic Cells
Are eukaryotic cells simple cells or complex cells?
Complex Cells
Are eukaryotic cells unicellular or multicellular?
They can be both unicellular or multicellular
Is a virus living or nonliving?
Nonliving
What is the function of the
cell membrane?
Acts as a boundary between the cell and
its environment. Controls what enters and leaves the cell
What is the cytoplasm?
A jelly-like substance in the
cell that holds the organelles in place
What is the function of the
lysosomes?
To break down worn out
organelles and debris
What is the function of the
nucleus?
It contains the DNA.
Control center for the cell
What is the function of the
smooth ER?
To synthesize lipids
Which organelle packages proteins
into vesicles?
The Golgi Complex
Which type of cell transport (active or passive) requires
no energy?
Passive Transport
How do cells move material from an
area of high concentration to an
area of lower concentration?
Active Transport
Which part of the phospholipid is water loving?
The polar head is hydrophilic
What is the function of the
receptor protein?
Transfers information to the inside of the cell
What is a recognition
Protein?
These are the name tags
What are the Transfer Proteins?
Doors or channels that allow
molecules to pass through the membrane
Energy is stored in fats or proteins. Which organelle
produces ATP from these energy
sources?
Mitochondria