Age Of Exploration 1400 CE- 1700 CE

Age Of Exploration 1400 CE- 1700 CE

1Why explore?In 1400 most Muslim and Italian merchants controlled trade between Asia and Europe Europeans wanted to cut the Muslim and Italian middlemen because the price of the goods increased from trader to trader. The Atlantic powers, first Portugal then Spain sought new route to Asia that by passed Mediterranean. 2Improved Technology

Magnetic CompassAstrolabeMercator ProjectionSextantCaravel3Magnetic comapss Description- Device used for determining direction.

Importance- made it possible to find direction at sea.

Not very accurate, iron in a ship caused false readings.

4AstrolabeDescription- Device used to measure the angles of the sun and stars above the horizon. Difficult to use accurately in rough seas

Importance- determine their latitude at sea

5Sextant Description- Device for determining the altitude of the sun or stars.

Importance- improvement over astrolabe because the movements of the ship didnt effect the readings at rough seas.

By comparing this altitude at different degrees of latitude, navigator can find the latitude of the ship.

6Mercator projectionDescription- Map projection that shows latitude and longitude at straight lines.

Importance- excellent map for navigators b/c it showed true directions of places in relation to each other

7Caravel Description- Ship developed by Portuguese that combined the square sails of European ships with triangular sails.

Importance- made it easier to sail across or even wind. Also there were sturdier cannons. Also adopted the sternpost rudder and numerous masts of Chinese ships.

8Henry the Navigator

Country/date- Portugal 1415 Significance- Prince Henry, son of Portuguese king, gathered experts in science, mapmaking, and shipbuilding. Started the idea of exploration after Portugal seizes African coast.

Henry wanted find the source of African gold . He wanted to form alliance with a mysterious but very rich Christian African ruler, Prester John who he heard tales of, to go against the Muslims.

Portugal fought of muslim ruleThey also led the way in explorationThey were now strong enough to expand in Muslim North Africa. Seized Cueta on north African coast. This caused Henry to want to explore africa. Died in 1460. bartholomeu dias cont quest 9Bartholomeu DiasCountry/date- Portugal 1488

Significance- Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. Became known as the Cape of Good Hope b/c it opened sea route to Asia.

First European to sail around the southernmost tip of Africa.

Bartolomeu Dias originally named the Cape of Good Hope the "Cape of Storms" (Cabo das Tormentas). It was later renamed (by King John II of Portugal) the Cape of Good Hope (Cabo da Boa Esperana) because it represented the opening of a route to the east.[citation needed]10Vasco Da GamaCountry/ date -Portugal 1497

Significance- led four ships around the Cape of Good Hope. Lost many men but reached great spice port of Calicut on west coast of India.

11It took 10 months to reach India; the Portuguese lost half their ships.Many sailors died of scurvy, a disease caused by lack of vitamin C.The English began to include limes on board, which did not spoil quickly; this led to English sailors being called limeys.

12Although he lost half his ships, Da Gama returned with Asian spices.The Portuguese had now established a successful all-water trade route to Asia!

13Christopher Columbus country/date Spain 1492

Significance-Italian navigator who wanted to reach the indies by sailing across the Atlantic. Instead he made contact in the new World.

Indies- european name for a group of islands in southeast Asia.

Though Columbus was not the first European explorer to reach the Americas, Columbus's voyages led to the first lasting European contact with America, inaugurating a period of European exploration and colonization of foreign lands that lasted for several centuries. They had, therefore, an enormous impact in the historical development of the modern Western world. Columbus himself saw his accomplishments primarily in the light of the spreading of the Christian religion.[2]14In 1492, Columbus convinced Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain to finance he voyage to Indies. August 3, 1492 Columbus sailed west with three small ships the Pinta, the Nina, and the Santa Maria.

Dont writeIn 1492 catholic rulers had driven the Muslims from their last stronghold in Spain. To strengthen their power they sought new sources of wealth. Columbus voyage to indies would help Spain receive new sources of wealth. 15Columbus reached land on October 12, 1492; he hadnt reached Asia, but the New World!

16Thinking he had successfully reached the East Indies, Columbus called the surprised inhabitants who greeted him, los indios. This term translates into Indian, a word applied to all native peoples of the Americas.

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The Columbian Exchange A Global Exchange of plants and animals between the Americas and Europe.

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19B. Effects:1. By the 1700s, foods such as corn, potatoes and beans contributed to population growth worldwide.

20Effects of ExplorationExplorers continued trying to find a Northwest passage to India Europeans conquered most of South East Asia, India and the New World.The slave trade developed in the New World.21