Age of ExpansionismAge of Expansionism

The Republic of TexasThe Republic of Texas

John Tyler PresidencyJohn Tyler Presidency

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

James K. Polk PresidencyJames K. Polk Presidency

Mexican-American War Mexican-American War

Gold Rush of 1849Gold Rush of 1849

The Republic of Texas: 1836-The Republic of Texas: 1836-18451845

• Stephen F. Austin ColonyStephen F. Austin Colony

• 1821 Mexico independent from Spain1821 Mexico independent from Spain

• Mexican settlement plan 1824Mexican settlement plan 1824

• By 1830 20,000 white cotton growersBy 1830 20,000 white cotton growers

• 1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts

• 1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator

• The Alamo and Goliad: 1836The Alamo and Goliad: 1836

• Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto River, River, – First president of the Republic of TexasFirst president of the Republic of Texas

Stephen F. AustinStephen F. Austin

Sam HoustonSam Houston

The AlamoThe Alamo

Davy CrockettDavy Crockett

John Tyler Presidency: 1841-John Tyler Presidency: 1841-18451845• Harrison’s Death: Accidental PresidentHarrison’s Death: Accidental President

• Opposite of Whig PhilosophyOpposite of Whig Philosophy

• Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,– Anti internal improvements, anti national Anti internal improvements, anti national

bankbank

• Whole cabinet resigned over bank vetoWhole cabinet resigned over bank veto

• Tries to start his own partyTries to start his own party

• Proposes annexation of TexasProposes annexation of Texas– Secretary of state Upshur diesSecretary of state Upshur dies– Calhoun loses annexation voteCalhoun loses annexation vote

John Tyler: 1841-1845John Tyler: 1841-1845

James K. Polk: 1845-1849James K. Polk: 1845-1849

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

• John L. O’Sullivan 1845John L. O’Sullivan 1845

• Puritan Colonies: all the way to PacificPuritan Colonies: all the way to Pacific

• ““Shinning city on the hill”Shinning city on the hill”

• Chosen PeopleChosen People

• Destiny to occupy whole continentDestiny to occupy whole continent

• Democratic government, civilize Democratic government, civilize continentcontinent

• Land for multiplying countryLand for multiplying country

• Oregon and California Trails: trek westOregon and California Trails: trek west

Election of 1844Election of 1844

• Texas Annexation main issueTexas Annexation main issue

• Whigs: Henry Clay wavers on issueWhigs: Henry Clay wavers on issue

• Dems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but PolkDems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but Polk

• Polk: Speaker and Governor of Polk: Speaker and Governor of TennesseeTennessee– Jacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & TexasJacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & Texas

• Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from ClayClay

• Polk wins 170 to 105Polk wins 170 to 105

• Texas annexation approved 1845Texas annexation approved 1845

War with MexicoWar with Mexico

• Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49thth

• Polk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio GrandePolk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio Grande

• Slidell, new Mexican government claims allSlidell, new Mexican government claims all

• Three pronged War: Taylor North MexicoThree pronged War: Taylor North Mexico– Freemont, Sloat, Kearny: westFreemont, Sloat, Kearny: west– Winfield Scott: Mexico CityWinfield Scott: Mexico City

• Political Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau opposePolitical Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau oppose

Winfield Scott captures Winfield Scott captures VeracruzVeracruz

Result of WarResult of War

• Treaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: TristTreaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: Trist– $15 million for California, Arizona, $15 million for California, Arizona,

Nevada,Nevada,– New Mexico, and half of TexasNew Mexico, and half of Texas– Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2 Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2

millionmillion

WAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, DavisWAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, Davis

1849 Gold Rush: $200 million1849 Gold Rush: $200 million