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Excel English: 3 rd Quarter. African American Literature. Genre: Prose: Speech. Prose: written or SPOKEN language in its ordinary form SPEECH: formal address delivered to an audience - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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African American Literature
Excel English: 3rd Quarter
Genre: Prose: Speech
Prose: written or SPOKEN language in its ordinary form
SPEECH: formal address delivered to an audience
RHETORIC: the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques
Speech Terms
Articulation: CLEAR and distinct speech
Cadence: rhythm or flow of speech
Connotation: what a word suggests or implies beyond its literal meaning
Speech Terms
Inflection: rising and falling in the pitch of a voice.
Pause: momentary stop to give additional emphasis
Projection: Directing the voice so it can be heard at a distance (speaking loudly)
Speech Terms
Parallelism: Repetition of a grammatical structure, sound and meaning
Repetition: Repeating a word/phrase to add a sense of balance and rhythm (anaphora)
Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)
Reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination
freedom, respect, dignity, and economic and social equality
Martin Luther King, Jr. 1929-1968
American Baptist clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American civil rights movement
Youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize (1964) for his work to end segregation and discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means
assassinated on April 4, 1968
I Have a Dream Delivery of the
speech on August 28, 1963, from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement.
Lincoln Memorial (D.C.)
Lincoln Memorial
Watch and Listen
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbUtL_0vAJk
Analysis
Allusion: reference to a well-knownMetaphor: direct comparisonRepetition: to say again for emphasisParallelism: repetition of phrase Dichotomy: contrast between two
things that are opposed or entirely different
Alliteration: first consonant repeated Juxtaposition: place or deal with close
together for contrasting effect
Common Lonnie Rashid
Lynne Jr. Hip hop artist and
actor Considered the
“thinking man’s” rapper
criticized the path hip-hop music was taking
Freedom Writer’s Soundtrack
“I Have a Dream” Personification Allusion Alliteration Dichotomy Refrain
Barack Obama 44th president of
the United States; the first African American
previously served as the junior Senator from Illinois
Nobel Prize recipient 2009
Inaugural Address
Addresses audience: “My fellow citizens” “humbled” and “grateful”
Invokes the past: “We the People” Addresses crisis then motivates for
solutions—NOW: “Today I say to you” Directly addresses the country: “But know
this, America” Overarching phrase: “And yet at this
moment—a moment that will define a generation…”
Inaugural Address
“This is the..” corresponds to MLK’s “Now is the time…”
Invokes scripture and God References the progress made in
civil rights: (paragraph 34) “…why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.”
Harlem RenaissanceTwo Histories
Two Histories Poetry in America African American People Cultural background + infusion of
the history of a people determination to express something
about that history
Harlem Renaissance African American
cultural movement of the 1920s-30s
Literary recognition
Artistic expression of the African American experience
Langston Hughes wrote novels, short
stories, plays, and poetry
insightful, colorful portrayals of black life in America from the 20s through the 60s
wanted to tell the stories of his people in ways that reflected their actual culture, including both their suffering and their love of music, laughter, and language itself
“Dream Variations” (Hughes) Speaks to black experience;
suggests that black AND white experiences are part of the HUMAN experience
Variation: difference of condition “Place in the sun”: freedom Symbolism:
Sun/day: white Night: cool, tender, black
Countee Cullen Color was a
landmark of the Harlem Renaissance
careful, traditional style that celebrated black beauty and deplored the effects of racism
“Any Human to Another” Subjective w/traditional rhyme scheme Paradox: “Diverse yet single” Metaphor: “A little tent…All his little
own.” Personification: “Joy may be shy”;
“Sorrow never scorned to speak” Universal suffering: “Not me alone” Allusion: Christ/”My sorry must be
laid/On your head like a crown.”