Adversaria on Plutarch's Lives

Adversaria on Plutarch's LivesAuthor(s): Herbert RichardsSource: The Classical Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 1 (Jan., 1910), pp. 11-22Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Classical AssociationStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/636303 .

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ADVERSARIA ON PLUTARCH'S LIVES.'

THESEUS.

3 0•?

70)' v rrarp6ov oe• '"EpeX 9a . . .av?7KeL, r C r17

HeXorrlS•n, v. More probably, I think, av-i/cE.

6 d~'iyev arodv. See Solon 29 below. 23 Theseus picked out two young men, whom he completely changed

(W eOrYtv i~aXXdavra KO•U8L)

to pass for girls. w OTwLv seems unmeaning: 0-7rtv , he changed in a way completely, would do.

27 EL L0v o0v, •

'EXXdvuco9 lrpr7Ke, ... 7repL eoV, Vpy o•py dEat WrrL•E7 at.

SIt is difficult to believe that,' not 'if.' irt and et, as elsewhere, have been confused.

ROMULUS.

19 ?'p7raa-97rL.v </LV > j7rr0 r'v vZrv EXOlvr&Wv. The antithesis demands this. The Sabine women go on to complain that their relatives, after taking no

notice of the abduction for some time, are at last trying to tear them from the husbands and children to whom they are now bound by ties of affection, olcrpor pav

o•or•t•etav EKeLVrq

Tl c86elXeiae ica a rvpo8oa00a-

8orlOvr7oe ty7v rav

acXilacv. rewpoTrpav poieetav I could understand, not olrKpoTrpav.

LYCURGUS.

I 7reT tcat Y.W•qLOvt187 c.r.X.

67del al makes no sense, and should apparently be el 7ap Kat, for though. el and rdE are often confused.

8 Sewtvw^ oVi'a-,Y dvi waXtaw ical 7roXXiYv cri6vwv

doW Kal o r'pv dertepooe'vwV T.

7r•rX•E. 4't0epohe'vwv is really meaningless. wrpo and rpf'ow sometimes get

interchanged and wrtrpe0/oeYvwv would make very good sense. D. Hal, Ant. Rom. io. 6. 4 illustrates it exactly: 7lXtiKov pa Ty rôXet KaKc~v ETrTrppewv dAXvaveq.

15 Ta pov &trivet p 7av. The context points in the clearest way possible to icK7tiet. 19 In Lycurgus' well-known rejoinder to the man who wanted him to set

up a democracy in the State, ao-b ap rp&ro~ ev T ?; oitclat cov 7roqlaov .w•o~parlav,

1 For other adversaria on the Lives see my Notes on Xenophon and Others, p. 236=Class. Rev. 17, 333.



12 HERBERT RICHARDS

it does not seem to have been noticed that 7rpWrrov must be wrong. It would mean do you be the first to set up democracy in your household. Read 7rp6epov. The two words are often confused, e.g. almost, though not quite, certainly in

Comp. Lycurgus et Numa 4 7rept 71 rp&rTov (7rpoTepov) vy rvrov•dacat 7rpoaiEcov ?

w7ralorY dEcTpoc7v ; see Fabius Maximus 19 below.

20 iaXabv lyv Tot . .. LtXoroXT7av caXetcTat.

The context proves that we want the comparative here too. Read

KdXXtov. Cf. Plato Protag. 360 A, where the same correction has long been

adopted. 27 xaTaX7atXaTi-Oat idtovTa rpc 7- b caXov. This is one of several passages not yet-as far as I know-corrected,

where hiatus has been introduced by a change in the order of Plutarch's words. Read 7rp~

\ r~, aXov IdvTra9. In

IdTwa, I see nothing wrong. [In the Comp.

Lycurg. et Num. 3 the order should be alaxvvoLrkev qL9 atTv cta.]

29 d•.oWOhCKY-tXp-eaE-at,

not Xpa-Oat. Cf. cprKov9 Xap,3v .• .

? . Leet•y

Kal

Xp'ofeorat twenty lines above. 30 'A9vpalov9 <ILEv>.

NUMA.

I Madvig's 7'7 o-aet

vvarkv abrdplCi /yeve'a9at 7rpp0 a peTr•V 8 P~X7LOV c.T.X.

seems certainly right, but it fails to account for the cal which follows Svvaord in the MSS. Did not Plutarch write SvvabrYv catl <abTOrv> abrrcTp•c ryeve'C•&at, i.e. of himself, without teaching ? airdyv was lost through similarity to the

beginning of aardpic. 12 (end) TaTa hv ev o~ o w 7rept Kap.XXov aâXXov dtcptpo3rvTat. Probably

COMP. LYCURGI ET NUMAE.

4 A/ya-at cat uTVVEVwtTrrpELca-•

at T0•9

t~9eatv. ToZ' e9ea•v,

I think. SOLON.

8 At the end eXELt should perhaps be a-xetv. 18 In Solon's famous verse, though the tradition is in favour of the

present tense dr (d,&r) apice; I have sometimes thought that the imperfect may

really have been used. 22 Through his own fault the father cannot speak freely to his children:

7rappfl-tav a

•aT rpbv TrC yevo/.yfvov O1IC aroXELXOLrevr.

Should it not be ryevv(opEvouv ? ol yevodevOLt is not thus used. In Lycur- gus 14 ro&v reVV(otv(fov

is now read for rwv ywvopdwov. Cf. v.1. Laws 791 E.

24 Something is missing after r-b

hv evO ,0plta

Cx.'.X. 29 &pXlopuh v

•. 78Gv 7rept O'7rtv 4' 7•l 7v Tpayrsiav EctwveL, ,caLt ah 77v

xawtvY Ta rob 7roXXobv dyoovoc 70ro rpadyl/arToC, oi~7rw ' el a1pXXav dvaydvtov e?rI.vov ,c.r.X.

efqyyptfvov would in any case be awkward after dy7ovToq, but even in sense it is hardly satisfactory. Read

f'7,pp•'vov. Tragedy had not yet been elevated to



ADVERSARIA ON PLUTARCH'S LIVES 13

the position of an •rydv.

So in Theseus 6 e~ryev at~r-v 0 NXov ?a'v -avqpEpe0t e rai-a rPdl'retv 8&avootgevov I have little doubt that we should read 'E'ipev. Plutarch is rather fond of the word: see Wyttenbach's Lexicon.

PUBLICOLA.

3 7TC Te P3aa-tXela, drt'oTaorOat Ka ~ 7roXeoorvTa 7ra'vaaaeOat. Read wray-

aeaoat. He was ready to resign the throne and would cease fighting. 8 T0oi 8' 'Apelov r7re8ov TOb •rTovE/

CdC•yrro TapKtdvovo, Ial TovTo 7~T

e(,e KaOtepwaav. Through the similarity of HA and HA the words iSa-Tro and

7rXetLaTo0 are notoriously liable to interchange. So Plutarch's Moralia 421 c

Lta rTov & aS'eXv X'lov edXe appears in Eusebius in its true form 7rXdhETov...

Xdyov EdXe. When we recall this, we shall hardly doubt that Tb wrXe^trTov is to be read here. Livy 2. 5. 2 says: ager Tarquiniorum qui inter urbem ac Tiberim fuit consecratus Marti Martius deinde campus fuit (fit ?), and cf. D. Hal, Ant. Rom. 5. 13. Though not quite the same statement, T 7rXheo-rov agrees better with this than Tb "8wtrTov.

17 0qvV'•etv

should be pivvr•Vew. 18 Tarquin answered ot8e'va

7roteF•0at S•aaa7ryv. We need either an dav

(oi,&v' Cv) or 7rot7aeaOat. 21

1Xaa•.OevorA 7 t A '. can hardly be anything but a mistake for 7rv Asyv.

Cf. Demetrius 26 below.

COMP. SOLONIS ET PUBLICOLAE.

3 06 p cv dpX- Xa/7 rpO'Tepo' 0 'X()v . . ., T(p TXEL Se aTepo' eTVX7 </pkaXXov> Kalt (i7Xoo~o

THEMISTOCLES.

I Icalt TooV yevoVIYov 80Evov KE avoOP7Wp9 Te T(Ov vVO&WV ical yV•r~wndV stoptaorytv

aveXeiv. Certainly we should expect Ed4 cet rather than Soi6e6: he was thought at the

time. May it be guessed that Plutarch wrote 7ravodpywo 'h80et, and that, the order having been, as elsewhere, accidentally changed, hiatus after lyevope'vou caused the loss of the augment ? Cf. C. Caesar 20 below.

4 ~Ce700 0Xoa00o0•epov iwtriowreiv whether Themistocles impaired the

purity and perfection of the Athenian system. Perhaps 0&Xoofr)oo'poWv,

a

question for men 0tXoo•o'~epot

than Plutarch affects to be.

CAMILLUS.

12 The friends of Camillus, when his trial was impending, told him w-rp\

/J,?v 'ri/KpV Kptwatr@ /TS77?V oLcrOat 80770'CEW, T71V 8? &fulav / 0XO'VT& V veR'rtat0V. oteaOat is really comic: that they did not think they would help him. Is it

not a compression into one word of olol 7r' 0aeOat, omitting one ot and one eC ?

Livy 5. 32. 8 se collaturos quanti damnatus esset, absolvere eum non posse. There are several well-established examples of such compression in the Lives, e.g. only



14 HERBERT RICHARDS

a few chapters earlier (7) XPrnqa'rtot4dEvo;o for

JtXpItaroq do-pLevo?, Demetr. 30

,rwEt/yoluhvc for 7rel 'yEVOdLeVep. Cf. Plato Soph. 257 E ?vUL/3E/PfC'vat for v.LB9f4lpreV

elvat: Aristotle Post. An. 2. 2. 90, 27 caXXov for "i'a SNXov, etc.

24 KCEXE6VovL -LLV <av> V7raKCovetv, as the sense and piq8v roXv7rpay.jov2- O'vtL show.

28 Read o-vb (for dv) VEKpJAv rX'9ELt. o-v is probably better in itself, and

dv vE/cp(v WwX9'eet . .. .v Epedpe7rlO would be clumsy.

PERICLES.

2 dy&rTat (not E`C(r) KptVELV dc r7v ypagoudvoV.

FABIUS MAXIMUS.

I9 gCTov wrpoero'v 'EXO'eVO XAo7OyL)v 'KelVvW.

Probably rpo''Epww.

Cf. Lycurgus 19 above. Ibid. KtpvadLvflv q d (n7o-t) r"v IaL ov 8Pc8atOdrr77a Kat' oadXELaV rT Map-

/EXXov rvv77eltEa,

0wr)TpLtov yeveCOat ro ~9 'POgalot9. avvO7elta has been thought a mistake for some other word (cf. Alcib.

18 beginning). Perhaps the explanation is rather that some descriptive epithet, like Spaarrp[4e, used a dozen lines before, has been lost.

21 at /~v oi3v 7rpwrrat Tv ~aep6ov ?oav cKat ... .avewraVeTro.

,aqav gives but poor sense. Read j'Eaav, were passing. Soph. O.C. 618

d 1uppo t XpOvoq . . . wrv.

ALCIBIADES.

I (end) If the optative is right in 7rW~.. ... 8etev, we need Av. 6 (end) 'orart & Av X•dBot. avaXa'dot, or omit dlv. 35 TOVTo 7)V KOLVVW

• yKX

drlWL•Terwv rpcroy v ;7r7pge.

catvwv has been suggested. No doubt the real word was the third of the three apt to get intermixed,

r•evWv.

C. MARCIUS.

4 caLTO 7ro poT'pOtt aL \ovT O\'EpoLe tPY\tovas eLZe rept -th dKEivov TtU/h

plt'ovTaq K?ialt apTvpla9 /irep8aX&oOat. For cat before aaprvpiaL read c4=

•o•-re, ical and c04 being often confused.

Plutarch seems to use Vrepp•tXXw

in the uncommon sense of raising, making greater. Thus Tib. Gracch. 8 pfaade'vowv rv vrXovotwv trwepd3hXXetv Tia

cdarocopda : Cim. 8 ' dcydv . .. v)7v (ctXotlqav ?repier'aXe. So here uiap-vplar

7repaXe'o~9at is go farther in testimony. 7

7rap•eLov aVToV 70To

~PXov•tL XpgQo at• poOvt•a " 7rt 0Y r\o Xeov.

The adverb 7rpoO•w&q is a mistake, familiar in this sort of phrase, for

7poO9•àotq. As the words stand, the zeal is ascribed to the magistrates.

21 oi5' elt ,caXbv <X'dwrovra> oihe •"vc'pov

o'8dv ?




COMP. TIMOLEONTIS ET AEMILII PAULI.

2 ,;3,va/uv o0 ?,TetVd aXX' e'XEtv JelXowv. Read •(r6iv.

MARCELLUS.

24 r7q vocrov rrapaZ7v <' r 'Tv> T9 3 Vvat1&woE' 'avcdXwtcrv 7yovuvov?•

At the end of the chapter something like X'7ovort ('vtot..8

X'ryovot ?) has been lost. So Cato Maior 8 (end) o'8dva 8 c..i\.X. wants an ?4o, and Aemilius Paulus 16 WrX et. . . reptaevat something like Xfylov0-e (with only a comma at

7rportv8vEt6dov'ro). ARISTIDES.

8 Read EXEwL (not elxe) ~,p aZ>roD fi aXXov w•rritw.

See my Aristophanes and Others, p. 182.

24 rpoOraT-aav aT7b- Xjpav E T al wrpo0rocov9 ; E7rtr-e*-aevov dpl-at TO KaT tVlav 'EtcTV i) Kal &va\8 tv.

The assessment was not individual and personal. Read therefore J`Kdirwov.

COMP. ARISTIDIS ET CATONIS.

4 I think now that ?'0 7rapao•Kev749

should be 7at wâpaacEvait.

TITUS.

8 0"Tt ravoT"

0Xov Tro4 7trap' XX7•jXov7 '

/p' ea taXXov ' St' a•rov

Y lXVlet. Some such original may be conjectured as wravTrk 6Xov 7rap' AdXXlXeov ro-

PYRRHUS.

22 vo4igoWv ct qaore'poav brapXovrov droXXV'at 9Odrepov <o" ,7rpor0 KEtt>

or something similar. MARIUS.

43 7Trv 6'KdpXXovoav ("O ov) should be e'K•aXoiXoav.

LYSANDER.

8 (end) ov8S AaKovEtlbv <tv> 'Vb XpoB atE .7~.X. ?

17 ?v (love of money) oi a,7jpet T-b

• P7EKroOat vy 18&'&c'7) Ce (TO

Kexr~aoOat T7'V 7ro'Xtv deweoteZrO.

44 and some part of o"roc are apt to get confused, and here we should restore o"ov. 'It was not so much removed by one thing as introduced by the other.'

23 TroK 7ro-XXoq orpartd•atq /yyepLoviaq rpay~/arCOv

CaL &totxLKaetq rd6Xeov

It is inconceivable that Agesilaus gave these important functions to most soldiers. Who then served in the ranks? Applying TroZ( ;roXXo^K, as ol woXXot' is applied four lines above, to most of the applicants for posts, we may conjecture

r-TpaTCOTtIcV7fv ryCU0/ ov'a qrparypaTcov. 7rpadqyara indeed needs some limitation; otherwise Stoc•trfet vrd'XeEov would hardly have been mentioned separately.



16 HERBERT RICHARDS

SULLA.

I0 oNc dXta'Ta TtU&)y 70 ovTo Xvrrev e'ce vov.

The meaning is thought to annoy, and this requires av to be added (pLdXthr' av ?) or Xvwr• rew.

COMP. LYSANDRI ET SULLAE.

4 Read o pe ye for 0 'p&7o Y6e.

CIMON.

8 aro CvXV 1ta •KCao-r7ov, where we certainly want some form of atro\

SvX; dKat-rq gva, is an unusually pronounced instance of adjacent words

exchanging the terminations of case, person, or whatever it may be, that

belong to the two respectively. See my Notes on Xenophon and Others, p. 303. The example before us is unusually noticeable, because of the forms ta? and gva being so very distinct. It argues almost a confusion of thought rather than a mere lapsus calami; but the error should, I think, be put down to a

copyist, not to Plutarch himself.

LUCULLUS.

9 e ev w ra7rVKT TCZ oov aptr•a 7revooL

Kal t••t v Xoplov.

ca?d is not used in this way. Read Kal 7. -.7&v . . al 7-. op~iov, like

Thucydides' KaXco& 7rap6drXov Ke•7at, etc.

14 rcdXat p/hv ai•71av

Sedgevov e ' qua^1, edwrpewreoTrpav Se ocK av Xa/3'vra 7-ri7

b 8r\p cvspo; olKeloIV Kcat pacrtdeo`, < iav> avaycaaurTv?ra brrovpyewv

av•,. 20 Jv 86 To0Go KOLVYo Savetov. Read rd for the meaningless roi^ro. 22 (end) laiat cerOat r-ept

daav, EKe 7- Xcoplov < v> oo-i7

KaXolJ/evov ?

27 Kacaa av1i jv <•<> rrp^ro'ov der ?

37 E7'etOev aJ'r -7

^ 0So vat Oplappov.

The sense requires 6fretLev, he urged them, for they did grant it.

NICIAS.

II VO'-epov 86 77av•K7ovv6

1O; KaOKJvptrl-pvov 7V owrpaya 7oiro-o7rpob

WavOpo7rov CvdiY tov yeyeov'vat vog/i.ove, (the ostracism of Hyperbolus).

The construction is very halting until we restore Kaevfpprte'vot. The

people, though a large part of them must (if the story is true) have joined in the understanding, thought themselves outraged by it.

18 ov'&va roi0 rvXFu7rrov Xyov eoXe rpo7rwXov?roc olb; c vXa/Kfv er'rotioraro

ica0apcyv.

,aeapatv is unintelligible and has been corrected in various ways.

Possibly Kal povpdv. 28 Timaeus affirms that Demosthenes and Nicias were not put to death

by the Syracusans, aXx' 'Eppocypadprov1 ;7rAItavro;v. . . ca s' 'vbTe Tv OvfdlX6ov 7rapvYw&'ov ' ov S' abrC7vy airoOaveYv.




7rapev'wvv has been corrected to 7rapevToro, but even this gives no clear

meaning. I should guess something like 7rapatve'aavToa or o7rapato .vvroi.

CRASSUS.

2 C ore "^, 'Pwo/Ahl T 7rXetrcTov pe'pol 17r' arT,'

yevecrat. Rather 6r' av;', in his hands, at his disposal. So in 14 read 7rwaiav de'

(not b') eaviro; 7rotde0tato rv i•7ey/.ovtav. 3 w7atSelal

& T7' 7rrwept X yov /daXtcita

- h v p

•PrT•o optEbv Ka XpetLse eil 7roXXob\; 770-70E.

Does not pdXtr-Ta K.7..X., point to X6yov ? If it were Xoyov, the art of

speaking, 7\b PrAoptKdv would hardly be put as only a part of it. Of course

XAdyoo may sometimes be appropriate, e.g. A ratus 3 evee8rTepov fo' . .. . nept TOv

X/yov r•oiwoSaae. 9 A\I 7rpoo8oxîv 7rep/aXe-0at 7T•v

Powalcov Svvaprv. Read b7reppaXeitc0at.

COMP. NICIAE ET CRASSI.

3 X PavY o 8070V TdoV WV 7 70 ropot0t ot' apxf

/v /ApXovUrtv o867r &rT arta-T0ovl/.evot.

I cannot make any sense of ApXov-tv. Should it be Ap$ovrtv, men who will not exercise authority ?

4 wpoTep/yd'acTr atr TrTv 'Aarlav oh IHopmqriZ'o rtoeXOe xal

Aoi'ovuXXo1 avrTeaXev.

oh ~?rx0e does not mean ' the regions that Pompey invaded.' It is the idiomatic use of the neuter pronoun and verb together as equivalent to a substantive: 'the expeditions. of Pompey and the resistance of Lucullus.' There is therefore no reason for doubting the soundness of the words.

SERTORIUS.

2 yevo(; ioIC ••ai/.oTraTov.

apotzpov 10o KatTot 80et . . .

A'/o/T7)T01

Kal apv8vpla TO T 7rept T0ov 57pove 7rpaXoev

?p?yo? o•a7rotat• s 77V 4 -aTW 0oaj

o 'ia. 7/epov. It has been proposed to insert pe.-EoTv or y4lov to govern the genitives. I conjecture Jilepov to be a miswriting of iep7qCov, on which the genitives

depend. 9pnluov has sometimes merely the meaning of without, devoid of, e.g. Plato Laws 862 E. 7roto0iVT7El xv6pCv Eapf

^ o pov T7v 7 r wXtv.

22 (end) St' alTtla seems, if the words are themselves right, to need some addition, e.g. Tvad9 or an epithet.

EUMENES.

13 i eoperovo

vT ovXevv<0T >O rot. 14 -X=rt4ev <&v> eZvat, if it means hoped to be. So Solon 15

?1XrV4 e-...

Xp'ja-TOat should be XpjaeaeOat. NO. I. VOL. IV. B



18 HERBERT RICHARDS

AGESILAUS.

I I adcXXaLrov Uvly pi' Xv .. . caX v 8 cal OvyarTEarpa. Presumably I dcXXtrov plv Lvty LvXov. At the end of the chapter read av for ab (instead of adding it, as I

formerly suggested). 23 7rp 8\ Tob X1eyovoTa a &t 'Ta7Ta <

o0> olez

T, tc peycadX /8aaLtXEt (raiT7a

referring to the preceding praise of justice) ?

30 vpôvTat <jLEv"> LjEpov r7v ^rir7r'vl, ,iepov ,8 Tp4ouvrt.

lpEv lost before pep. 36 Another av seems lost in

•cEl yap c.T.X. oz

7rdwcFvrav a•'epTr'ov <lav>

elvatL 'v T x7Lortplav. 'Even in that case it would have been liable to censure in so old a man.'

POMPEIUS.

I In the first line (olotle roiro rwa0ev ... .O7rep

c.7r.X.) write Tab'rd. 8 ov&vo tav rwpo-oircavrro9 . .. . ,otv•cero-at,

not --aar•at. Cf. on Euntenes 14 above.

32 Is E'cpataXev pe'ap the right expression ? It is odd in itself and,

seeing that Plutarch says e'/jpaXeZv racpdv three or four times, we may think

e/,',aXe~ v more likely here.

58 ov'c •'7 Xdyov d'cpodrearat. KaBa?)eEovo, c~XX' cpcov rep patvoLdeva r'ov

AXreov `7 84~xa r•day/a

a sa&Yetvy cal ai'rd dEKrEItVp retrv v7Y- rtr6a:dCevov acrotl i-7rep 7i ra-plStoc.

Like others, I failed formerly to see that the change needed here is that of /3a&iTetv to 8a&'wvov. ja&1SOv is contrasted with Kal'7t5evoM.

80 Jv 86\ <e> vyXv07\ Vom ?op '.

COMP. AGESILAI ET POMPEII.

I 77)l flatXeav E 80Aoe Xap/etv Ol'TE 74 rpo\ eov 9 aEY0wrJ ol oire ra arpoi

Av0pdW7rov1. Read ai'/p'r7&.

ALEXANDER.

42 IpXpt 'oto'ov d7rurr-oXW&v •ot

d&Xota v X~XaEv, oka ypadce raa . . .

XeXeVZov vav4r-70-at. Is oda grammatical ? o'a' ?

C. CAESAR.

4 o 8eplav JpXi)v wprpdytroyT? vri?~o hv ,Uxpav V Ob Taxb 7roLt eytadXtv bo

dfseXeX6•. r.'.X. No doubt

o6T, is to be added to puCpdCv, as has been suggested. But ought

not 7rOLte to be 7roLta-et ? 'No beginning of an affair is to be accounted so small that it will not (or cannot) be soon made great.' ' Is not' fails to give good sense. So in Alexander 6 (end) MalceSovla rydp ar oi Xoppet would perhaps be more suitable than oi Xcope, and in Crassus ii elro)V &w5t V1KCV tA\V xo6




iroXXob "rov' ov . ..., r77r(opevoi ;8 oib 'erat, if we are to substitute eot for eXo&, as seems necessary, we should probably change 84r7at also to 8~eiq'eat. At the end of Cato Minor L~tugoeo-Oa& has been restored by Cobet and Madvig for

t LLEtoOai.

ri e1dy p4v dP/3ovXodyv 7rapTh ro0vTro elval t paXXov 7 rpCTO ' 7rap\h 'PwpatotLv

Sedrepol. Not 'I could have wished,' for that would imply that he already was, or knew himself fated to be, the second man at Rome. d',y pC v <&ai> ,ovXotIvL seems wanted.

20 oioel ' av &oKJr

7reptyevre9at. Not' it is thought' but 'it was thought' (Cd'6cet) that no one would have survived. Cf. Themnistocles i above.

PHOCION.

0o wa-7rep 7T rrXeoVe4la pVorv . .. <. aXXa or Kai> ovbzX 1aôXXov .7.X. 16 r v dv 'ApEdov 7rrd-iyov ovu o

X 0 v Tovrev dTr 5 8a?1 6p Seevot Kcal Sawcplovr7e pXXtv eretav rrt6rperat

r$ 'todont •ov 7rr7tv. I would now read VXfOVTreI for

ExovrTE. The confusion occurs elsewhere.

26 ial TiTob rrpiirov 'reT rb pevovora Kar ayc pav wrotliaacrOar ras BtaXv1aetL.

The emphasis of Trofro TO seems pointless. Read 'roirov rirpirov jYrTTro 1e6oVrra.

28 Adopting & roq ey•tE'roua &TrvUxJ4',a, not ev roZ atptlarot ed rvTvXpLao-t

(oddly expressed and not appropriate), and .the conjecture e7rwtoreZv for

7rt&aco7retv, I would read ro0t OeoZt. Formerly (they said) in their greatest disasters (e.g. the Persian occupation of Attica) the mystic sights and sounds had encouraged them and dismayed their foes (Herod. 8. 65 ?): now at the

mysteries the gods there celebrated were thrown into the shade by the Macedonian garrison, and joy was turned to humiliation and mourning.

32 o~sv •\XrrL 7rrepalvetv. Read -repavetv, a correction that has certainly been made in Cato Minor Io

(oi&v CETO . . . 7repalvetv) and may already have been made here. Cf. on Eumenes above.

CATO MINOR.

9 Pw IV epyouV iyedTro xal ob 8aatLXtidcv. This makes no sense. The conjecture oic avtaqtpov makes fair sense, but

the corruption is unaccounted for. Did Plutarch write xailroto [actXrcdv, though regal ?

17 7rpoaC7aXoV/eAvoq gcaTrrov <'roa> lXovura Silld"6rov Apy•psov. The words can hardly stand as they are.

24 elvai rtvaq iobV CvovLd4vovq xat x eXeiovra4 should certainly be read and

made dependent on XdYerat. We must then add a xai or Se to Trv Kairapa, unless elva& <yaip> . . . TL fypypautdva is preferred. At the beginning of the next chapter I would write Kca8arep <yadp> rather than <xal> xaOd8rep.

B2



20 HERBERT RICHARDS

27 'XXov 8' obU'va 7rapitav, 7 'o6Xtv E7rt -7rdoaa 7 T• XEtp4 0 Kad'v TOv

Movv~rTov avr7,yaTe. For ' should we write el lk? It seems hardly possible that the words can mean ovb'va aXXov r r'Vb Movvdrtov, Ovt, . . . av4?a7e.

55 ofTCr ~ar0 7ro0q Xoy1ta0 o.; &o K.r.X. Perhaps o-rTq should be

o-Xe or eXe. rapaoXE in Nic. 22 has been

corrected with something like certainty to ?raparfTl. 69 lv^pa TroaoiTrov tjXt'cia (for ;hXcKavl) rpo'Govra, as in A Icib. 18, seems

likely, or <E14;> rTao-oirov jXtAcia.

AGIS.

7 For 'raira phv '

'AryrotXaos, where the emphasis seems wrong, read S,.v 'A.

•-a7a, or possibly Ta3ra p~v 'A.

CLEOMENES.

4 pd~77v Aac•E8atpvtLot 7rvvaOvovTat c.7'.X. dMrTYv is absurd with 7rvvUOdvovrat, as the editors have of course seen. Can

it have strayed from a few lines above, obtc etaace 8tatvStvveaat

... ctXX' dta7rXOh < ?ka'TIJV > ? 31 airxpov yap <KaL> iOv UdvoO? EavTLo

• cal ,rroOv•ar/etv, dying as well as

living. 34 7rvvOav6evo, . . . a 7rpdcrypara T rooetv abTbv cat 7rapacaXetv dICEivov. The difficulty is not in EdeCvop and

adr-vb referring to the same person,

which is quite legitimate, but in the fact that only one pronoun is wanted.

T• arpdypaTa 7roOetv Kcal 7rapatcaXetv suggests strongly by its personification that

ai•rv should be ava'd.

35 EL /U . .. <)U\)> $eTplW1 iE77)LOVTO. The cause of the loss is clear.

DEMOSTHENES.

2 o0t1rTt 7rXEwvto TE •TXOX

7 Kal 7 7TT wqpaC q TTrpOq -Ta)

7otavTa dw;rLXOwpe S tXo'rqTlaq.

E•rLXPEL lacks an accusative. We might think of reading rrpooa•t for ert

rpd?, but probably a word, e.g. -rrov6tUv or ioXrv,

has been lost before &t.

CICERO.

15 The decree authorising the consuls to act for themselves : Se?a#vovU

E8'KELvov• csK er1OTav~raat 8OLCELV Kal

iCo4V•t ?V V 7rTXtV.

If 64 d7rla-ravrat is a complete expression = to the best of their judgment, it

suggests the possibility of understanding Aesch. P.V. 374 treaVwTv C' ~' r05r

E'LrLoTaat and Eum. 581 07 •' d'riOTa TOvVe ipwOov $l'8Yv in a corresponding

manner.

23 TCv EL ?TO #E XOov CpXOTwO (p~6vrwv ?). In Dion 29 rpoeovo . . . abroVT ovvadpov?Taq E Coaw and Public. I ,7pdOe

. . .-vvdpXwv I think the




present participle may stand, though earlier Greek would probably have used the future. Cf. Comp. Nic. et Crass. 3 above.

33 EKaKtEvU a '7r

a.TO.

V 7rpoE'tEvo9 7Pv KtLKepwva.

Do we not require 7rpo~gEvov ? 38 XPfrlc7t/Epov < av> 'vTa . . el t.e'wv . .. ?ppm.

44 E'd&KEL E Ka /L ELoWv Tvt at7ta yEryovevaL.

The context points to SOKEZ. In Tib. Gracch. 8 the same error has been corrected.

47 aca' r&XXa rapaXyC, Kcalt 7raXlvTpo7ra /ovXtElTara T71 7yvW/.L7Tq/. LETakXa/a1l•wV.

rXXha is probably a corruption of 7roXXd, which gives much better sense. In Alex. 52 on the other hand EL 7roXXaN XavvorEpov has been altered very plausibly to ELq rtXXa.

The last sentence of this chapter with the two imperfectly contracted clauses 8Opla E' (instead of ~ca'l 97pla ,v) aTc8 /Of•0et and aTro1 8' ov1Kc aìvovot is very remarkable and probably in some way wrong. We might think of

f8pla yadp, as 8' and yadp get interchanged, but then the clauses would naturally be in the infinitive.

DEMETRIUS.

2 rVVEKEKpaTo TcO vEapo

K at tTaul 83~UoT/IytfTO ~pOt/Ct T E7tLC IV•aELt K•U•

Read 8vaq1tTC0p-.

That is better in itself and supported by the position of rtv, which would otherwise naturally follow the first adjective. Cf. Anlolitus 23 below, Comp. Ages. et Pomp. I above.

16 oTav uaXUTa 'a 'aaoraatv o

caqyv 7X. No doubt anvraa iv. An rycov is always a aU-r'aota. 26 &drXovvU 7T A7prITp

L', 7 rpb '"Arypav.

TbOv aL4Trptov ? In Tra t pph 7TOO 'Av6eoaTplovo dTeXOiVTro half a dozen lines earlier f7EXoVTro is personal, as EdrrcnrrTevov shows. Cf. Publicola 21 above.

ANTONIUS.

23 7ro tfv ooYIv"EXX7y7-tv oiCs iTvo7ro4 oi;U8 4opFt vUaUV77YvedX9l. Read d('Trw4o and

4oprtWrio, comparing Demetrius 2 above.

46 (end) 'io-t-o Tr Kpdaaouv 7•xa

ai'bv d c8EXo~Lyvaq (d'C&BoI'yvaq ?).

54 <0? o068e' &coD-oat xaXo'v, El . . carT6aTr•le. The past tense Kardo'rrno-e may be defended, but on the whole I should

prefer ~caraT7rje-t. 66 We seem to need something like w7rpo'7rE~'oote oar(e'tevo- <d'c>

Tre7paywvwv w yXwv /LeyadXwv T art& po /Se~e•VwV 7rpo iXXrlXa 'vr)ppo'-6'Pvoet.

79 7rpoTETacaKTo <TO-i> •Gcrav a7Tlv dvXLTTetvw l'a-xpvp? e7rtpi•ELevov

r aXXa . . . vStSvat. Tro- lost after To.



22 ADVERSARIA ON PLUTARCH'S LIVES

DION.

31 e'7rtwc?4teL e tEvat /LETZ' 0Xo/0vp/fiv Ka' Tob LdXLarVa Krctvcav aaivY

10oiwT70 /IL ic aOatpeZv c.7.X. Reading ctviro-ov or d/LXLotr' <cav> cwtvro-av, I now think that a participle

in the genitive parallel to ci$ofivroc

has been lost before Ical, e.g., 8eo&eVov.

BRUTUS.

36 Read Ical (for 7) 71 TBovX0/evoc. 37 Either <0>

te''repo0o

oIro9 Xfyo9 or possibly '7I'epo oi'o. . ..<0

X&/yo. ARTAXERXES.

7 o, 'Seti ovyotaXevY o'861 <ob, ILvov> Mr;ila, e'KCTcrdv'ra Kal Ba/vXwhvo AXXa

iat ZotTo-w 'v8'eaOat lHepa-st.

GALBA.

29 In the last words read oliC'rpov'raC for oi'z-tpavTa9. HERBERT RICHARDS.



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Adversaria on Plutarch's Lives