Advancing the Transfer of Agricultural Technology & Research:Malaysias Perspective

1MALAYSIAS ASPIRATIONS BY 2020

Basic Input FactorsLand LabourBasic Input FactorsInfrastructureCollateralized risk- free capitalLabourKnowledge based Critical Success FactorsCreativityHigh-incomeKnowledge-economyTechnologyMarket

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONTransformation of Malaysia from low income to high income nation.

Agricultural Based Economy Industrial Based Economy Knowledge Based Economy 2

Preservation and enhancement of unity in diversity

1Malaysia

People First,Performance Now

April 2009Effective delivery of Government services

Government Transformation Programme (GTP)

6 National Key Result Areas (NKRAs)

January 2010New Economic Model: A high income, inclusive and sustainable nation

Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) 8 Strategic Reform Initiatives (SRIs)March 2010Smooth Implementation of governments development programme

10th Malaysia Plan (2010-2015) Macroeconomic growth targets & expenditure allocationJune 2010VISION

2020MALAYSIAS 4 PILLARS OF NATIONAL TRANSFORMATIONTRANSFORMATION OF A NATION- The 4 pillars driving towards vision 20203MAJOR GOALS

Reduce crime Fight corruption Improve student outcomes Raise living standardsImprove rural basic infrastructure Improve urban public transport People First, Performance NowHigh incomeInclusivenessSustainability Move up the value chainRaise capacity for knowledge and innovationAddress socio-economic inequalitiesImprove quality of lifeStrengthen institutional and implementation capacityTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONStrengthening Agricultural development is part of the Government efforts to address some of these goals.

The related goals are:People First, performance nowRaise living standards &Sustainability- farmers & fishermen - high income and inclusiveness 4.Address socio-economic inequalities- who / which Ministry or Agency to play their role in strengthening agricultural development

4Malaysian Agriculture Research Development InstituteBody entrusted by the Government of Malaysia to carry out R&D in the Food and Agriculture and agriculture-based industryResearch focus: Cloning of food (rice, coco, cassava, sweet potatoes etc and non-food plant varieties, New breed of animals), Food processing, post-harvest activities Other research areas include precision farming and Environmental sustainability.Other activities:Providing services to nurture agriculture and food related entrepreneursProduct and services meeting standard Quality control

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONInitiative become the focus of the Malaysian Agriculture Research Development Institute (MARDI).

Ministry of Agriculture and Agro Based Industry established Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI) to create, innovate, transfer and apply knowledge, competencies and services to transform the national food, agriculture and bio-based industries towards increased commercialisation and competitiveness.5

MARDIs Achievements More than 90% of Malaysias rice granary areas developed by MARDI. More than 30 rice varieties to fulfill the need of the nations. (contribute to RM500 million per year income to farmers. Develop technologies to export of pineapple and papaya amounted to RM255 million a year.48 Small and Medium Industries used MARDI technology with the export amount of more than RM77M

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONSome of the achievements of MARDI over the years.6FAMA main function is :

Coordinate agriculture marketing activity both in private sector or department / government agency Improve marketing system and expand new market of Malaysian agriculture development Collaborating with private sector and department / government agency to create efficient and effective agriculture marketing system Develop an efficient management in agriculture industry, marketing activity or agricultural products processing Involve directly in agriculture industry, especially in marketing activity and products processing.

A marketing agency which was established under Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry to monitor, coordinate, control and develop product marketing of Malaysian agriculture, including import and export.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AUTHORITY (FAMA)TRANSFORMATION OF A NATION

The establishment of FAMA to assist farmers to market their products and also as buyer of last resort.7Increase crop productivityValue added food products and foodsEmergence of new strains of pest and diseasesDevelopment of new varieties and breedsFood security

BIOTECHNOLOGY MEET THE CHALLENGES & IMPROVE COMPETITIVENESS

Challenges faced by MalaysiaS Agriculture SECTOR

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONProblem statement

On top of the above challenges, other challenges includes:

Shortage of labour;Limited availability of suitable land for agricultural; andAdverse weather conditions.

Therefore, in order to address those challenges and improve competitiveness, biotechnology is the way forward.

Thus _____8National Biotechnology Policy OBJECTIVES

Generate new growth engine for the nation by creating value that is competitive, innovative and consistent with Vision 2020

Formulate the economic, legislative and regulatory frameworks that will support core biotechnology sectors

Identify implementation strategies in order to establish Malaysia as a competitive nation with leading edge businesses

Develop biotechnology to enhance healthcare and medical support for a better quality of life for all Malaysians

Extract greater value from agriculture and natural resources by utilizing Malaysias unique biodiversity / natural environment

VISION

Position biotechnology as the new economic engine to enhance prosperity and wellness of the nation by 2020

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATION9And therefore the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) formulated the National Biotechnology Policy (NBP) to complement the efforts by MOA into looking new growth area based on the challenges stated before.MODERN agriculture technologyMechanization / AutomationModern AgricultureHigher yieldSustainabilityPrecisionAgriculture (ICT)Organic FarmingCrop rotation, Integratedpest managementGenetic ModificationTempering Genetic tradeBio-based TechnologyNuclear methods(Mutagenesis)

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONLooking forward into Modern Agriculture Technology, various technology platform were adopted for the purpose of producing higher yield and sustainability.

Other than MARDI, other institutes formed under Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) are:

Agribiotech (ABI);Ipham (Institute of Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical); andGenom Institute.10R & D in Agro-BiotechnologyProduce new, innovative and competitive products & technologies to marketHuman capital development Value add technologies and products to agricultural productsPlant BiotechnologyLivestock BiotechnologyFood Biotechnology New plant variety Gene discovery Biofertiliser & biopesticide Transgenics plant Vaccine & diagnostics Advance reproductive biotechnology Marker assisted selection Functional food Metabolomics Nano-biotechnology Food safety & security BioinformaticsDevelopment Work at Agri-Biotechnology Institute (ABI)TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONThe Agri-Biotechnology Institute (ABI) was established to narrow-down our focus area particularly in Plant Biotechnology, Food Biotechnology and Livestock Biotechnology.

Ipham on nutraceutical and pharmaceutical (e.g. herbal based)

Genom11New Sources of Growth

ICT FOR Agriculture National Implementation Program WSN OverviewNew Ways of Doing Things:Real Time informationPervasivePrecise InformationFast & Accurate informationFor Better Quality of Life:Life enrichmentImprove productivityEnhance SecurityEnvironment conservationFastest Growing Market in Asia(West Technology Research Solutions ,May 2007)10 Emerging Technology that will Change the World(Technology Review, Feb 2003).. Wireless sensor networking chip market grew 300% in 2010..(EE Times, March 2011)Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONWireless Sensor network (WSN) technology has been identified as the New Sources of Growth (NSG) in the agricultural industry;A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location;Using wireless sensor networks within the agricultural industry is increasingly common; Wireless network frees farmer from the maintenance of wiring in a difficult environment. Gravity feed water systems can be monitored using pressure transmitters to monitor water tank levels, pumps can be controlled using wireless I/O devices and water use can be measured and wirelessly transmitted back to a central control center for billing. Irrigation automation enables more efficient water use and reduces waste.12Precision AgricultureProvide complete value chain from seed to shelf in the agriculture sectorSpearheading application of ICT (Wireless Sensor Network) in agriculture for yield improvementEstablish portal Agribazaar for farmers to sell their produce directly to avoid middle-man.Automation of agriculture industry using decision Support system

Portal for farmers to sell their productsICT in agriculture for productivity improvement

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONOne of the examples of using ICT in agriculture is Precision Agriculture13

UpstreamDownstreamPrecision Agriculturei-Logistic & AgriOfficeAgriBazaar 2.0Solving in-field variabilityReduce input costReduce operation lossesVirtual/Online retail business 24/7. Beyond brick and mortarSoftware as a Service (SaaS)

Reduce dependency on middlemanOrder fulfilment, inventory and logistics management, and customer relationship management (CRM)

Midstream

Seed to Shelf Agriculture SolutionsTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONA complete Agro-process which entails from seed to the market place.14

Networked of Environmental Data Collection Components, Communication Devices and Decision Support System to realise PA.Communication Devices for wireless agriculture data transmissionEnvironmental sensors Moisture, pH, Temperature and Chemical sensors.Malaysia introduces Integratedhardware solution:To reduce implementation costSimple and easy for deploymentWireless Sensor for plant monitoring: Complete solutionTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONThe complete suite of solution use in our precision agriculture programme.15Fish Forecasting through satellite technologyIncrease in fuel cost, forces new method in the fishing industryFish forecasting predicts the location of fish in abundance Make use of fish food (chlorophyl) and sea water temperature from Satellite data.Collaboration between the remote sensing agency and fish development authority (LKIM)

Outcome:9Millions USD save in diesel fuel permonth to fishermenThe fish search time reduced by 30% to give 20% increase in their income TRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONIn our efforts to increase our fisherman livelihood, we applied the use of satellite technology to support their fishing activities.16nuclear technology FOR agricultureMutagenesis is a techniques to improves plants productivity using nuclear technologyLow radiation level is applied to the seeds that causes it to be pest/disease resistant, high yield, better taste and short gestation period.It is proven to be safe and IAEA approved.Nuclear Malaysia focuses on increasing the production of seed to cater for Increased demand by the market

Bioreactor for growing young plantsTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONApplying nuclear technology to enhance and improve our agriculture products. 17

Mutagenesis method used to improveBanana and pineapple production/yieldHigher sugar content (15% higher)Gestation period 3-5 years(cf 7-10 years)High resistant to diseasesCapacity in production ~10,000/monthPineappleBananaBearing fruit between 3 to 5 years(cf 7-10 years for normal fruit)Can produce 5000 new trees per monthHigh resistant to disease (Fusarium and wilt)

Mutagenesis in biorectorTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONSome of the crops where the application of nuclear technology was involved.18Some local herbals found to have medicinal valueTRANSFORMATION OF A NATIONLabisia Pumila (Kacip Fatima) Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) Orthosiphon Stamineus (Misai Kucing) Phyllanthus Niruri (Dukung Anak) Andrographis Paniculata (Hempedu Bumi)Yet another innovation where we farm herbal plants to produce Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) for the development of new drugs. An example of this is the Kacip Fatima (Labisia Pumila) which is use in enhancing women health.

Contract farming is an agricultural production carried out according to an agreement between the pharmaceutical company and farmers. On the required raw material for botanical drugs. For example, in the case of Kacip Fatima (Labisia Pumila) which is being used for post menopausal syndrome among local women, Pharmaniaga a local drug company has pursued a 3 years agreement worth USD 300,000 with a local cooperative farmer association to obtain the herbs from cultivation plot and produce them into drugs.

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Kota KinabaluPutrajaya

Bukit Gambir

e-pasartani@FAMA uses MyKad-authenticated information to generate demographic and geographic data of traders. These initiatives have enormously contributed in commodities demand and supply matching, in particular vegetables and fruit commodities.

MDec Portal: e-pasartani@FAMA for farmersFarmers/Consumers source commodities online from 278 Agri Market sites at a lower price through Agriculture Delivery ChannelRegistered farmers and trading farmers able to source market via e-sms@FAMA and increase profit margin by eliminating middle layersFarming information can be viewed according to geographic parameters

TRANSFORMATION OF A NATION20Finally, the use of mobile technology to provide market information for the farmers.Scope of TransformationCurrent Situation

After TransformationFarm Size: Small Uneconomic

Large scale, commercial & economicLabour Force: Limited Ageing

Mechanization, automation & technologyLess labour intensive activitiesFarm management:Professional, agriculture is business, Traditional satisfactory enough ManualApplication of ICT, Commercial management / collective / economic of scale, Business PlanScope of TransformationCurrent Situation

After TransformationLess / not competitive: Low product quality non-standard quality product dumping price factor

Standard, certification & export qualityReturn on Investment: Low Time consuming

Diversified returns:Mixed farming, intercropping, value addedTRANSFORMATIONTransformation of Traditional Farmers

Sectoral Transformation Land / farm size cluster Application of technology Mechanisation Productivity Agricultural Supply-demand matching marketing farmer cooperation diversity of economic activity modernisation

Development based on zoning Private sector investment Investment incentives Implementation of Good Practice Program (GAP)Horizontal / Vertical Transformation- Food processing- Value added activities- Supply chain activities- By productsThank You24