A

Addison’s diseme, 344, 345, 347 Adrenal cortical hormones, 326-352

activity tests, 326, 327, 338-343. 345-347 amorphous fraction, 327, 328, 331, 339 and carbohydrate metabolism, 344 concentrates, 327-329 of cortin activity, 329, 330 isolation, 329-331 nomenclature, 326, 327 physiologically inactive, 331 related steroids, 347-352 of sex hormone activity, 330 and sodium retention, 345-347 steroid constituents, isolation, 329-331 structure, 331-336 synthesis, partial, 336-338

Adrenalectomy. See Adrenal cortical hor- nwnea, activity teat

Adrenosterone, 329,330,333 Aerobic bacteria in cellulose decomposition,

Aerobic organisms and oxygen concentration, 245, 249-256, 260-262

222 and substrate concentration, 222

Aminopeptidaaes, 76-81 classification, 51, 54 intestinal, 54, 76-79 leucylpeptidase, 79, 80 yeast polypeptidase, 80

Anaerobic bacteria in cellulose decomposi-

Antihemorrhagic vitamin, 286,287. See also

AspeTgillua, as aerobic enzyme, 18.5187

tion, 249-251, 255-256, 260-262

Vitamin K

alcoholic fermentation and Pasteur effect,

anabolic resDiration. 206-212 212-216

carbon monoxide poisoning of growth, 216-

C Q value and oxidation, reduction, 188-

and dehydrases, 223-235 economical coefficient, 196-200,208 elementary composition of aspergillus

heat balance of growth, 201, 202, 205 and hydrocyanic acid, 218, 220, 221 hyperquotient, 190-199 hyphae, 185-187, 217-219

218, 220-222

200

orytae, 190

hypoquotient, 190-199 maintenance respiration, 206-212 metabolism, 188-200 methylene blue reaction, 224-226, 229 respiration and metabolism, 201 respiratory quotient. 188-195 role of aspergillus oryzae in brewing, 212 Rubner coefficient, 198, 199 “spaneatmung,” 210-212 system of iron catalysator, 216-223

facultative, 143 Autotrophism, 138-144

B Bacteria in COz fixation, 144-169

and vitamin K, 297, 317, 318 Bacterial virus. See also Hoat-virus relation,

6-17, 17-21 distribution in nature, 4, 5 general properties, 2-4 “life-cycle’’ in sensitive host, 6-17 “lysines,” 22-24 methods of assay, 6, 15-17 mutations, 21-22 size, homogeneity, 24-27 size of particle, 27 and x-ray, 24-27

Bacteriophages. See also Bacterial virus,

Bile acide and absorption of vitamin K, 309 Bile-free diet and K-avitaminoses, 290 Bile salts, solubilizing effect on fatty acids,

general properties, 2-4

270, 274

Cadaverin. 93, 95, 96, 98, 102-108 Carbohydrate catabolism. See Fat and

Carbohydrate metabolism and adrenal cor-

Carbon dioxide, heterotrophic assimilation.

carbohydrate oalabolism

tical hormones, 344

135-179 photosynthetic utilization, 138-139

Carbon dioxide fixation by animal tissue, Ca and CI addition, 170-176

in glycogen, 176-179 involving C-C linkage, 170-179 in lactates, 175-178 mechanism, 169-179

SUBJECT INDEX

369

C

Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, Volume 2 Edited by F. F. Nord, C. H. Werkman

Copyright © 1942 by Interscience Publishers, Inc.

370 MJBJECT INDEX

not involving C-C linkage, 169-170 in pyruvates, 171-174, 178 in succinates, 174-176, 178

by Ca and C1 addition, 146-169 and cocarboxylase, 168-160 involving C-C linkage, 146-169 in lactates, 166-168 mechanism, 144-169 not involving C C linkage, 144-146 and propionic acid, 160-166 and pyruvic acid, 164-168 and succinic acid, 146-163

Carbon dioxide fixation by bacteria, in ace- tates, 166-168

Carbon isotopes as traoers for fixation of COa, 137, 146-148, 162-164, 180-164, 166, 168,170, 172, 176

Carbon monoxide, influence on growth and respiration of aa,psrgillus, 216-218, 220- 222

Carbonyl comppunds aa inhibitors for di-

Cataboliem. See Fat and carbohydrate Eatobo-

Cellulose. See also Celluloee dmpoaition

and Pasteur effect, 216

amin-oxydaae, 100

l h , Depot fats

as cell-wall constituent, 242,243 chain, diagram, 241 chemistry of, 240-243 decomposing organisms, 246, 261-262 micellae, 242, 243

Cellulose bacteria, classification, 266-269 Cellulose decomposition, 244-260

throuah actinomvceten. 260 throui aerobic- bacteria, 245, 249-266,

260-262 _.. ~.~

through anaerobic bacteria, 249-261, 265-

biochemistry of, 244-261 cultural methods, 262, 263 through fungi, 261,269-262 optimal temperature and pH, 246,250 and oxycelluloses, 247, 248

266,260-262

Chemosyntheeie in assimilation of COa, 138,

Classification of organisms on baais of nutri-

Coagulation anomaly and vitamin K, 237 Cortex hormones. See Adrenal cortical hor-

Cortin active adrenal hormones, amor-

139, 143

tional requirements, 143

mM1.88

phous fraction, 327-346 corticmterone, 327-347 dehydrocorticosterone, 329-344 desoxycorticosterone, 330-349 17-hydroxycorticosterone, 320-347 17-hydroxydehydrocortiwsterone, 330-844 17-hydroxydesoxycorticosterone, 330-340

Cortin. nomenclature, 326

Cytochrome oxidase, 116-119 and aapergillue, 219 and tea oxidase, 119

D

Dehydraae, and asperOiUue oryzas, 223-236 diamin-oxidaae, 94 and nitrate reductase, 229 requiring oo-ferments, 226

Depot fats, transport aa phospholipids and colic acid-choleeterol complexes, 271-276

catabolism, 271-283 Diamin-oxydaae, 93-112

and activators, 102, 103 aflinity to substrates, 98,QQ definition, 93, 94 determination, 94, 96 enzymatic disintegration, 103-106 extraction, 95. 96 and hormones, 107 and inhibitors, 99-102 occurrence in nature, 106-107 physiological value, 107-109 specificity, 96-98 therapeutical use, 109-110

Dipeptidases, 81-83 classification, 61 intestinal, 82, 83 in yeast, 81, 82

E Endopeptidaae, classification. 66, 66 Enzymes. See also Proteolytdc enaynss, and

Hydrolytic en+ynea aapsrfl$ aa aerobic enzymes, 186-187 in tea-fermentation, 116-120 thrombin and blood coagulation, 287

Exo-anzymes, cellulw decompoeing, 244-

Exopeptidase, classification, 64, 66 249

F Fat and carbohydrate catabolism, funda-

mental faats, 266-271 general diecussion, 281-283 hypothesis of their reciprocal integration,

mobdisation of depot fata, 271-283 286-283

Formic acid through reduction of COa by

I3

bacteria, 144

Heterotrophism. 138-144 facultative. 142. 143

Histamin, 9$99,103, 104, 107-109 activity. See Adrenal cmtiod hormmm Histaminase, 93,94,96,97, 101

SUBJECT INDEX 371 Hormones and diamin-oxydaae, 107 Host-virus relation, 6-21.

adsorption, capacity, 8 adsorption, irreversibility, 8 adsorption, rates, 6-7 adsorption, residual fraction, 7 growth of virus alone, 27 lysis of cell, 8-9 methods of assay, 6, 15-17 and aerological specificity, 17-21 virus liberation, 11-15

Hydrolytic enzymes, 33-48 activity measurement at varying subst.rate

control of action, 41-43 decomposition and monomolecular curve,

kinetics, 33-48 reaction velocity, 36, 37 two-phase reaction, mechanism and formu-

See also B&id viruses

concentration, 36, 43-47

33-36,45

lation. 37-40

I

Int,estinal mucosa, 84, 85

K Ketosis, 269 Koji acid, 183, 224

L Liver and action of vitamin K, 307,308 "Lysines," 22-24 Lysis of cell through bacterial virus, 8-9,

22-24

M Metabolism of asper&lm, 188-201 Methane fermentation, 146 Methylene blue reaction of aspergillus cul-

ture, 226226,229

N Nutritional requirements as basis for classi-

fication of organisms, 143

0

Oxidase in tea-fermentation, 114, 115, 120,

a- and poxidation of fatty acids, 275-279 Oxidation quotient of asper&Zus from res-

piration and aerobic fermentation and carbon monoxide, 216-216

126

Oxyhydrase, 94

P Pancreas enzymes, 54,85 Pasteur effect with aspergillus, 215, 218 Pepsin. classification, 51-61 Peptidase systems, 84-88

in animals. 85, 86 of bacteria, 87, 88 of fungi, 86,87 of intestinal mucosa, 84, 85 of pancreas enaymes, 54, 85 in plant.s, 86

enzymatic properties, 69-92 homogeneity, 71-72 specificity, antipodal, 83, 84

Peptidases, classification, 51

Peroxidme in tea-fermentation, 115, 119.

Phospholipids. See Depot fats, transport Photosynthesis in heterotrophic assimilation

Polarography in determination of vitamin KI,

Polypeptidases, 72-81

120

of COa, 138-140, 143

305

aminopeptidaaes, 76-81 carboxypolypeptidases, 72-76 clarssification. See also Proteolytic enzynes,

Potassium cyanide as inhibitor for diamin-

Progesterone, 331, 336, 347, 349 Propionic acid, bacterium, 135-137, 144, 147,

61

oxydase, 101

151 location of fixed carbon, 160-161 mechanism of CO? fixation, 161-166

classification. See also Proteolytic enzymes, Proteinases, 69, 70

51, 63 Proteolytic enzymes, 49-67

activation, 61-64 classification, 49-67 coupled reactions, 64-67 heterospecificity, 52-6 1 homospecificity, 52-61

determination, 293, 310-311 level and liver, 308, 314, 315 in newborn, 312-314 and vitamin K, 287, 288,307-309

Prothrombin. See also Vitamin K

Putrescin and diamin-oxidase, 93, 95, 96, 98. 99. 103-107

Pyruvih acid in COZ fixation, 154-158, 162- 167, 170. 174

R Recapture synthesis, disposing of oxidation

products of fatty acids, 274, 275, 279- 28 1

Respiratory quotient of aspergilli, 188-195 Rubner coefficient, 198-199

372 SUBJECT INDEX

T

Tannins, in tea. See also Tea-fermentation, 121-126

condensation, 124, 126 constitution, 121 oxidation, 121, 122, 128-131 polymerization, 122, 123 tannin titer, 122

Teefermentation, 113-133 chemical changes during, 120-126 mechanism, 126-132 optimum p H range, 117 oxidming ernymes, properties and nature,

and respiration, 126-132 Tea leaves, components. See also Tea-

carbohydrates, 126 ether soluble matter, 126, 126 of fresh leaves, 120 nitrogenous compounds, 126 tannins, 121-126

116-120

fermentation

Tracer technique and Cog fixation, 137, 146- 148, 162-164, 160-164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 176

Trypsin, classification, 61-61

U

Ultraviolet absorption IG, 304,305

of vitamins K1 and

V Vitamin Bt as inhibitor for diamin-oxydase,

Vitamin K. See a180 Prothrombin 100

chemistry and physiology, 286-318 color reactions, 306, 306

determination by chemical and physical means, 304-306

isolation and extraction, 297, 298, 306 occurrence in nature, 296-297 redox potential, 304 structure, synthesis, 298-300 titration &B hydroquinone. 306

its determination in animal experiments,

prophylactic test, 291 unite, 296,296

chemistry, 301-303 redox potentials, 304

chicks as experimental animals, 287-289,

diet for artiicial development of deficiency,

early investigations, 287 mode of action, 306-309 rats and rabbits as experimental animals,

role of putrefaction in deficiency diet., 290

Vitamin K activity, curative test, 291-293

291-296

Vitamin K-active compounds, activity, 301

Vitamin K in animal organism, 286-309

291-293

288-291

290

Vitamin K in bacteria, 317, 318 Vitamin K in green plants, 316-317 Vitamin K-deficiency in humans, 309-314

alimentary avitaminosis, 309 cholemic bleeding tendency, 309-311 and coagulation anomaly. 287 hemorrhagic diathesis, 311 hypoprothrombinemia of newborn, 31 1-

and liver function, 314 and other hemorrhagic diseases, 314

314

Y Yeast, dipeptidm, 81

polypeptidaae, 80