Microsoft PowerPoint - Biogas Presentation Jun 2013 [Compatibility Mode]GASALAM SDN BHD
Location No. of
Mills
FFB
(tons/yr)
POME
(m3/yr)
Biogas
(Sm3/yr)
Energy
(Btu/yr)
Peninsular Malaysia 256 57 Million 28 Million 670 Million 10.7 Trillion
East Malaysia 170 43 Million 21 Million 504 Million 8.1 Trillion
Typical production ratios :
Ratio of POME / FFB ~ 0.5 m3 POME / ton FFB Biogas productivity ~ 24 Sm3 Biogas / m3 POME Methane content in BioMethane ~ 50%
What if all Palm Oil mills produced Biogas ?
SG PADIMAS
1,174 Million 18.8 Trillion 16.07 RM 300 Million
Note : Gas Malaysia ASP will steadily rise over the next few years as the Government reduce subsidy rate on natural gas….
What if all Biogas in Malaysia could be sold as gas heating ?
SG PADIMAS
SG PADIMAS
Gas quality is not consistent – Methane content controls heating value
Storing and/or delivering the Biogas – half of gas stored/delivered is CO2 !!
Note : Numerous installations have shown that using Biogas for steam production is not feasible due to relatively low Biogas throughput compared to steam required at mill/refinery.
FORGET ABOUT DIRECTLY COMMERCIALIZING BIOGAS
What are drawbacks of selling Biogas ?
SG PADIMAS
Biogas
(Sm3/yr)
Electricity
conversion
efficiency
Electricity
Production
(TWh/yr)
FIT
(RM/kWh)
1,174 Million 40% 2.2 0.32 RM 704 Million
Note : According to KeTTHA, Biogas accounts for about 2 MW of grid-connected Renewable
Energy (RE) presently. Forecast maximum electricity generation from Biogas is 410 MW.
FIT is complex and structured. Maximum FIT is used in above calculations (RM0.32/kWh for LV supply upto 4MW). FIT is depressed at 0.5% annually.
Several countries offer “Enhanced FIT”, which is higher than consumer tariffs, but Malaysia does not offer this – Source : Malaysia Energy Centre website.
What if all Biogas is converted to Electricity and sold at Fit In Tariff (FIT)?
SG PADIMAS
Biogas Industry in Malaysia
Gas is sour and wet – needs pretreatment otherwise generators will corrode
Gas flow/quality is not consistent – instability in electricity supply & therefore revenue
Malaysia does not subsidize RE Electricity. Also FIT rate is annually depressed at 0.5% - annually declining revenue, opposite to selling price of natural gas in Malaysia, which is forecast to annually rise
Capacity problem – few palm oil mill/refinery has enough Biogas capacity to justify installing electricity generation facility to tie-in to local grid.
VIABLE BUT COMMERCIALLY CHALLENGING FOR MOST MILLS
What are drawbacks of producing Biogas-based Electricity ?
SG PADIMAS
Recovery of BioCO2 – valuable gas in industrialized states
GasAlam process treats Biogas to produce BioMethane and BioCO2 SIMULTANEOUSLY
Concentration of both gases are controlled to allow direct compression of BioMethane (for storage and distribution) as well as for liquefaction of BioCO2 (for storage and distribution).
Simultaneous revenue from sales of two gases in one facility.
What other possible commercial use of Biogas ?
SG PADIMAS
GASALAM TECHNOLOGY
SG PADIMAS
biogas feed to power generator, excess gas
flaring and exhausted waste disposal.
Digester
Purification System to typical
Biogas Facilities to increase
Palm or other
GasAlam Integrated Biogas Technology
“Green” degradation of palm oil mill waste and other organic waste
GasAlam facilities incorporate gas purification process for production of
BioMethane for industrial use.
Integrated control system optimizes production of electricity based on
actual demand and diverts excess gas for BioMethane and BioCO2 production.
The overall system can be controlled to produce more Electricity, more BioMethane or more BioCO2, depending on consumer requirements and
local industry economics.
This results in overall ZERO flaring.
Total removal of detrimental GHG to atmosphere is possible and CDM claims are tangible.
SG PADIMAS
SG PADIMAS
Generation of Electricity – for inhouse use or commercial Electricity selling price = RM 0.32 / kWeh
Generation of pure Methane gas - sales CNG is priced at about RM 0.60 / Sm3 under heavy government subsidy.
LPG is priced at about RM 3.60 / Sm3 (non-domestic)
Generation of pure CO2 gas – possible sales
Carbon credit – possible additional revenue (not considered here)
Benefits of GasAlam Integrated Biogas Facility
SG PADIMAS
Annual Revenue = RM 4.5 MM
Payback > 10 years
Annual Revenue = RM 10 MM
Payback < 7 years
GasAlam Integrated Technology
Prior to use of Biogas, it has to be sweetened and dehydrated. This is to reduce
toxicity and corrosiveness of the gas
BioMethane can be produced by separating Methane from the Biogas. The
raffinate is gas rich in CO2, which is source for producing BioCO2
The heart of the process is a proprietary Pressure/Vacuum Swing Adsorption
system, operated in cyclic-steady state mode
The Unit is constructed using a 2-column or 4-column setup. The Unit is
controlled using a programmable controller for automatic, unmanned operation
The technology can be configured to produce more BioMethane or more BioCO2,
after producing in-house electrical requirements if any
BioMethane produced is then compressed, stored and delivered to regional
consumers. BioCO2 is liquefied, stored and delivered to regional consumers
SG PADIMAS
The project basis is of mutual benefit between Mill (Biomass Owner), local
industry and community
Facility Owner can provide POME OR provide Biogas. Space shall be provided for
the installation of the requisite gas purification equipment
The Biogas shall be mainly used for BioMethane and BioCO2 production
The gases so produced are owned and distributed by GasAlam or can be jointly
commercialized with Facility Owner, based on equity participation
The integrated project is typically undertaken on a BOO (Build, Own, Operate)
basis
On EPC basis, all facilities shall be owned by Owner, except for the BioMethane /
BioCO2 Purification Unit, which shall be owned and operated by GasAlam on a
lease-use basis.
GasAlam Integrated Technology
Bandar Seri Alam
81750 Masai, Johor