Colonel Laurie Moe BuckhoutDepartment of the Army

Chief, Army Electronic Warfare Division

Advanced Defeating IEDs Training Workshop and Live Demonstrations

3 May 2010

“Army Electronic Warfare”Army Electronic Warfare – Establishing an Enduring Core Competency for Today’s

Fight…and Tomorrow’s The overall classification of this briefing is UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

The term electronic warfare

(EW) refers to any action

involving the use of

electromagnetic (EM) or

directed energy (DE) to

control the electromagnetic

spectrum (EMS) or to attack

the enemy. EW includes

three major subdivisions:

electronic attack (EA),

electronic protection (EP),

and electronic warfare

support (ES). Figure I-2

depicts an overview of EW,

the relationships of the

three subdivisions, and the

relationship of the

subdivisions to principal EW

activities.

What is Electronic Warfare ?UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

"One of the enduring features of any future battlefield will be

determined (by) resourceful enemies attempting to undermine

our will by leveraging the electronic spectrum. Building an EW

structure within the Army will greatly enhance our ability to

proactively counter these threats. A commitment to EW allows

us to tightly integrate non-kinetic and kinetic capabilities

across the Army and as part of joint operations.“

GEN Peter Chiarelli, Vice Chief of Staff of the US Army

"We must adapt and make tradeoffs among systems originally

designed for the Cold War and those required for current and future

challenges. We need greater investment in advanced technology, ...

like unmanned aerial vehicles and electronic warfare capabilities.“

President Barack Obama, Commander-in-Chief

Senior Leadership Support for

Electronic Warfare

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

Threat(Open Source)

China EW Threat Al Qaeda EW Threat

Iranian EW Threat Russia EW Threat

• Jan 07 – Anti Satellite Weapon

• UHF-band Satellite Comms Jammers

• PLA is investing in electronic countermeasures,

defenses against electronic attack (e.g., electronic and

infrared decoys, angle reflectors, and false target

generators)

• "Gaoxin Project" - Y-8 EW Aircraft series

• Manpack Direction-Finding (DF) system for the Very-

High-Frequency (VHF) Band

• Portable Signal Collection System for Locating and

"Fingerprinting" Radars

• Iran has an array of ground based jammers

• Hizballah's Iranian systems neutralized Israeli EW

• Iranian EW installed radar stations blocked the

Barak anti-missile missiles aboard Israeli warships

• Hezbollah's use of Iranian Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

(UAV)

• Iran Electronics Industries (IEI) makes electro-optics and

lasers, communication equipment, telecommunication

security equipment, electronic warfare equipment, new

and refurbished radar tubes, and missile launchers

• 2004 – Emergence of IEDs / VBIEDs

• Composition: artillery, mortar shells or homemade

explosive, complex explosives poured into concrete

• Triggers & Methods: mobile phones, washing

machine timers, pagers, garage door openers,

burglar alarms, key fobs, doorbells, or remote

controls for toy cars

• Increase in remote detonation, command detonated,

radio, cell phone, victim operated, infrared

• Man portable air defense systems (MANPADS)

• Russia has high power laser operated systems, the

Rosa-E and the Ranet-E that are designed to

neutralize hostile radars and neutralize attack

systems that use electronic signals.

• Radio Frequency Directed–Energy Weapons

• Improved anti-air and anti-ship missiles with

sophisticated tracking and guidance radars that

incorporate EW countermeasures.

• Has deployed anti-satellite weapons and is

developing anti-satellite jamming weapons

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

4

• First “need” for wireless – 1921 Detroit public safety to put radios in patrol cars… completed in 1924

• Country which had the first commercial cell network

– Bahrain – 1979….. US (Chicago) 1983

• First SMS Text sent Dec 92…. Now, exceed planet population daily

• Skype - Free phone calls from your computer (or ipod)

• Wifi connectivity is now the #3 requirement for hotel booking

• WiMAX, 4G, and WiFi N – all wide area wireless

• 4G cell capability will push 100MBps – 2011 / 2012

– Twice the speed of your household WiFi router

– It’s here – mobile wifi router by Sprint (marketed Aug 09)

How did the RF Spectrum become so important?

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

6

Army EW Today

In order to address not only the IED-DEFEAT issue but to operate

synergistically in a joint environment, Electronic Warfare must be an

Army enduring core competency. In order to fight jointly, the Army must

have an EW capability commensurate with that of other services. Soldiers

must be trained at all ranks, and at different tiers, in EW skills.

Vice Chief of Staff Direction, May 06

Keep it Joint

Keep it effects oriented

Approved an enlisted and warrant officer MOS and an officer career field.

Current VCSA validated EW Way Ahead. VCSA also approved the total EW

requirement of 3,719 EW spaces and authorized the EW FDU to compete in

TAA 10-15. TAA 10-15 has approved initial resourcing of 1,664 spaces.

Army Electronic Warfare Vision

To establish The Army with a robust Land Component Electronic

Warfare capability through the establishment, integration and

sustainment of Electronic Warfare as an enduring Army core

competency

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

The career management field identifiers:

• FA 29 - officers

• MOS 290A - warrant officers

• MOS 29E - enlisted

Army Manpower: New 29-Series EW Career Field

The Army is now capable of contributing to a robust

Joint EW construct

So far, the Army has trained 2,200 total

force at Fort Huachuca and Fort Sill

(Tactical and Planners course)

The Army approved resourcing of an

enduring 1,664 EW personnel

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

The Army approved the EW career field: career

pilot course training underway at Fort Sill

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

Background

• Current threat has driven Army to field a myriad of

stove-piped EW systems – single-shot, un-integrated

boxes, fratricidal to communications and Battle

Command systems.

• Joint Airborne Electronic Attack unavailable to Army

ground forces in 2012.

• Considerable gaps remain across EMD.

Way Ahead

• 21 Dec 07 JCS Tank acknowledged OSD-wide EW

shortfalls and directed STRATCOM to conduct a

Quick-Look CBA of Joint EW capabilities.

• An integrated Electronic Warfare system providing

full frequency range through sophisticated

techniques and power management with

directionality, frequency specificity, and C4 and BC

interoperability.

• Multi-function and multi-platform (Air and Ground)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18

Nu

mb

er o

f sy

stem

s

DUKE

CVRJ

IEWS

DP

IEWS JCIDS documentation complete FY09

VCSA Approved EW Way Ahead Past CREWUNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

IEWS

• USSTRATCOM Joint EW Functional Solutions

Analysis (FSA) and Initial Capabilities Document (ICD)

• IEWS is the top ranked material solution for land forces

• Encompasses CREW mission as part of a multifunction

EW solution

• Army IEWS has a dedicated annex in the FSA

• The ICD will be used for requirements documentation

for IEWS

• Next step in the JCIDS is a Material Development

Decision (MDD)

• Will be followed by the Analysis of Alternatives (AoA)

• Objective is to initiate process immediately following MDD

Future FightFuture Fight

Single Box Technologies

Creates box by box solution mindset…

…that chases the threat…

…and remains reactionary …

We need to be ahead of the threat

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

Future Army EW Materiel

Future Fight

Potential TargetsDoctrine

Organization

Training

Materiel

Leadership &

Education

Personnel

Facilities

RDT&E

Acquisition

Sustainment

Integration

Future Initiatives

• Sensors (Radars, Passive Target

Detectors)

• Information Systems and

Infrastructure

• Position, Navigation and Timing

Capabilities

• Supporting Infrastructure

• Weapons of Mass Destruction

• Remotely Piloted and Unmanned

Aerial Vehicles

• Missiles

• C4 Systems

• Fused Projectiles

• Aircraft, Vehicles, Ships, Troops

• Hard and Deeply Buried Targets

• Directed Energy (DE)

Radio Controlled IEDs…Current Fight

Future Fight

IEWS Missions:

• Counter-sensor (aircraft, UAS, and ground radars, SIGINT/ES, etc.)

• Counter-communications (data and control links and voice, air and

ground)

• Counter-seeker (cruise missile seekers, RF fuses, etc.)

• Counter-position, timing, navigation (GPS, altimeter, etc)

• Counter-electronics (includes platforms)

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

• POM submission (new start program)

• Analysis of Alternatives will identify breadth and scope

• Systems include sensors; jammers; mounted, unattended, fixed

site, and airborne variants; and home-on-jam weaponry

• Planning and execution tools including real time data links

• Modular open systems approach (MOSA) for rapid technology

infusion, low maintainability, technology re-use

• Services Oriented Architecture for data exchange compatibility

• Embedded training and maintenance capabilities

Integrated EW System Key Elements

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

Final Thoughts

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

The United States must change how we define, develop,

and fund Electronic Warfare capabilities. We must move

beyond Cold War themes into realistic scenarios that

accurately prepare us for enduring expeditionary

engagements, for irregular and asymmetric warfare, for

the safe conduct of peacekeeping activities, and for high

and low intensity ground conflict around the globe.

Questions

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO