Adv no 07 mcq descriptive

Page 1 of 16

For Each Case No. of Paper : 1 Marks : 100 Time Allowed : 100 Minutes

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (Curriculum & Research Wing)

Scheme and Syllabi for Screening/ Professional Tests Relating to Posts Advertised Vide Consolidated Advertisement No. 07/2014

S. No

Case No. F.4-

Particulars of Post(s) Qualifications for Posts Test Specification Topics of Syllabi

1. 145/2014 Director (Statistics) (BS-19), Pakistan Public Administration Research Centre, Management Services Wing, Establishment Division.

i Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Master’s Degree or equivalent qualifications in Statistics/ Mathematics/Economics.

ii Twelve (12) years post qualification experience in planning, Execution, Monitoring and Evaluation of the Projects relating to Socio-Economic Data and writing of reports thereon

Objective Type Test (MCQ)

Professional Test=100 marks

Methods of Data Collection and Analysis of Data, Usage of Internet & other Media for Research

Assignments. Report Writing and Presentation Skill, Project Planning and Management, Preparation of PC-I of Project. Project Monitoring and Evaluation Civil Servants Act, 1973 and Rules made thereunder Civil Servants (Appointment, Promotion & Transfer)

Rules, 1973 General Provident Fund Rules. Benevolent Fund and Group Insurance Rules. Government Servants (Efficiency And Discipline)

Rules, 1973 Appeal Rules, 1977. Rules of Business, 1973 System of Financial Control and Budgeting, 2006 Public Procurement Rules, 2004

2. 159/2014 Security Officer (BS-17), Pakistan Mint, Lahore, Finance Division.

i Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Master’s degree from a university recognized by the HEC.

ii Two (2) years post qualification experience in security matters.

OR Ex-Commissioned/ Gazetted Officer from Army/Civil Law Enforcement Agencies with two (2) years experience.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II

General Intelligence/

Professional Test = 80 marks

Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring. Part-II Basic Arithmetic. Current Affairs. Pakistan Affairs & Islamic Studies Everyday/General Science Security Measures to Maintain Law & Order

Note : (Equal weightage for each topic at Part-II)

Page 2 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


3. 160/2014 Bullion Superintendent (BS-17), Pakistan Mint, Lahore, Finance Division.


ii Two (2) years post qualification experience of stores; inter workshop transactions, inventory and safe stock keeping of stores or metals.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring. Part-II Basic Arithmetic General Science Basic knowledge of I.T Procedures of Receipt and Issue of Stores Public Procurement Rules, 2004 Stores procedures with relation to following topics:-

a. Stock Taking b. Inter workshop transactions c. Inventory of goods d. Ware House Management

4. 161/2014 Data Processing Assistant (BS-16), Federal Public Service Commission.

Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science/IT or equivalent.

OR Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Bachelor’s degree with Mathematics/Statistics/ Physics/Economics and one year diploma in Computer from the recognized Institution.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Use of Microsoft Office Application and System Software, Arithmetic Logical Unit, Memory (RAM, ROM)

Types of RAM, Ports, etc. Input and Output Devices, Storage and Multimedia, Network & Security Issues, Microsoft Windows.

5. 162/2014 Admn Officer (BS-17), Pakistan Mint, Lahore, Finance Division.


ii Two (2) years post Qualification experience in administrative matters.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Civil Servants Act, 1973 and Rules made thereunder Civil Servants (Appointment, Promotion & Transfer)

Rules, 1973 General Provident Fund Rules. System of Financial Control and Budgeting, 2006 Benevolent Fund and Group Insurance Rules. Government Servants (Efficiency And Discipline)

Rules, 1973 Appeal Rules, 1977. Rules of Business, 1973 Public Procurement Rules, 2004 Basic knowledge of Computer/IT.

Page 3 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


6. 164/2014 Sports Officer (BS-16), Pakistan Marine Academy Karachi, Ministry of Ports and Shipping

Degree in Physical Education with two (2) years post qualification professional experience.

OR A retired JCO/CPO/Warrant Officer, who has done courses in Physical training and sports at Defence Institutions.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Major Sports/Games & physical activities in Colleges Planning of Sports Events Rules & regulations of various sports and games Standard Sizes of various sports fields Types of Swimming and Swimming Test Benefits of Physical Training and Sports

7. 165/2014 General Knowledge Instructor (BS-17), Pakistan Marine Academy, Ministry of Ports and Shipping.

i) Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Master degree in International Relations.

ii) Two (2) years post qualification experience of teaching current affairs in a service institution or equal number of Sea Service in the Rank.

Objective Type Test (MCQ) Part-I English =20 marks Part-II Subject Test = 50 marks Part-III Professional Test=30 marks

Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Introduction to International Relations Geo-Political Structure of the World Global Issues in International Relations Theories and Approaches to International Relations International Law Regional and International Organizations Research Methods in International Relations International Economic Relations Introduction to Strategic Studies Diplomacy Conflict Resolution Human Rights in International Relations Comparative Foreign Policies of Major Powers: US,

Russia, China International Politics of Environment Foreign Policy of Pakistan

Part-III Teaching Techniques and Methodology Classroom Management and Discipline Planning and Management of General Knowledge

Competition and external programmes for cadets Planning and Management of study tour/visits to

historical places with cadets

Page 4 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


8. 168/2014 Charge/Staff Nurse (Female) (Civilian) (BS-16), Military Hospitals, Ministry of Defence

i) Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing or equivalent qualification recognized by the Pakistan Nursing Council

ii) Registration with Pakistan Nursing Council

OR i) Three years Diploma in Nursing. ii) One year Course/Certificate in

Midwifery. iii) Registration with Pakistan

Nursing Council


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Basic Medical Sciences General Nursing Ward Administration Hospitality of the Patients Care vs. Cure for Health Management Developing Training & Instructional Materials for

Nursing Courses.

9. 169/2014 Assistant Director (BS-17), Textile Commissioner’s Organization, Karachi, Ministry of Textile Industry,

Bachelor’s Degree in Textile Technology


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Importance of Textile Industry in the Economy of

Pakistan Textile Engineering material, Spinning, Weaving, Fibre Science, Yarn manufacturing, Fabric manufacturing, design and structure Dyeing and printing, Industrial engineering and management, Textile testing and quality control, Textile marketing, Textile project planning, Engineering design project.

10. 170/2014 Deputy Assistant Director (BS-16), Textile Commissioner’s Organization, Karachi, Ministry of Textile Industry.

Bachelor’s Degree in Textile Technology

OR

Three years post Matric Diploma in Textile Technology with five years experience in the related field.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II General textile technology, Spinning, Weaving, Dyeing and finishing, Testing and quality control, Fabric design and structure, Business management and industrial economics, Industrial management and human relations.

Page 5 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


11. 175/2014 Trained Graduate Teacher (English Literature ) (Male) (BS-16), F.G. English Medium (Public) Schools, Directorate of Federal Government Educational Institutions, (Cantt./ Garrisons), Ministry of Defence.

i). Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Bachelor’s Degree in the English Literature.

ii). B.Ed.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II

Subject Biased = 40 marks

Part-III

Job Oriented = 40 marks

Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II (Bachelor’s Level)

English Literature 17th to 20th Century. English Language Teaching. Syntax. Diction.

Part-III Education System in Pakistan, Educational Psychology, Class Room Management and Discipline, Instructional Planning and Teaching Strategies, Students Evaluation and Examination System,

12. 176/2014 Education Officer (Physics) (BS-17), Pakistan Marine Academy Karachi, Ministry of Ports and Shipping

Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Master’s Degree in Physics or equivalent qualification from a recognized University.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II

Subject Test = 50 marks Part-III Professional Test=30 marks

Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring. Part-II (Masters Level) Heat and Thermodynamics, Waves and Optics, Electrostatic, Electricity and Magnetism, Atomic and Modern Physics, Nuclear Physics, Basic Solid State Physics, Basic Electronics, Electrodynamics, Mechanics Part-III Teaching Techniques and Methodology Classroom Management and Discipline Testing and Evaluation Development of Education in Pakistan

Page 6 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


13. 177/2014 Nautical Instructor (BS-17), Pakistan Marine Academy Karachi, Ministry of Ports and Shipping.

i) Second Mate (Foreign Going)/ Mate Home Trader/ Sub-Lieut (S.D)/ Hony. Sub-Lieut (S.D).

ii) Two (2) years post qualification experience as Instructor in a training Establishment for Sailors or equal number of Sea Service in the Rank.


Part-I

English = 20 marks

Part-II


Part-I Vocabulary, Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Teaching GP-III Trainees Conduct of Short Mandatory Courses like First Aid,

Survival at Sea, Fire Fighting, etc. Navigation and handling of Boats Planning and Development alongwith practical

instructions in General Seamanship.

14. 178/2014 Vice Principal/ Headmistress (Female) (BS-18), Federal Govt. Schools, Federal Directorate of Education, Islamabad, Capital Administration and Development Division.

i. Second Class OR Grade ‘C’ Master’s degree with B.Ed./M.Ed.

ii. Five (5) years post qualification teaching and professional/ administrative experience in a recognized Educational Institution.



Educational Planning and Management Educational Administration and Supervision, Classroom/Institutional Management Educational Psychology Educational Guidance & Counselling Curriculum Development Teaching Techniques & Methodology Co-curricular Activities in Educational Institutions Testing & Evaluation Educational Reforms in Pakistan

15. 179/2014 Director (BS-19), Zoological Survey of Pakistan, Climate Change Division

i Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Master’s degree in Zoology or equivalent from a recognized University.

ii Twelve (12) years post qualification research and field experience in Zoology or Marine Biology or Ecology or Wildlife.



Eco System, Classification of Fish, Reptiles, Mammals, Classification of Mollusks, Edinodermata, Species Detailed Account, Theories of Evolution, Mammalian Hormonal System, Membrane System, Mammalian Gametogensis and Fertilization, Multiple Alleles. Mendelian laws of inheritance, Reproduction and Development, Research Methodology Methods of Data Collection and Analysis of Data, Report Writing and Presentation Skill, Role of National and International Scientific

Organizations in Zoological field

Page 7 of 16

S. No

Case No. F.4-


16. 185/2014 Patrol Officer (BS-14), National Highways & Motorways Police, Ministry of Communications.

i Second Class or Grade ‘C’ Bachelor’s Degree

ii Minimum Height: 5’-8’ (Relaxable by 2″ for male and by 1″ for female candidates of Balochistan)

iii Minimum Chest Measurement: 33”-35”( Relaxable by 1”)

iv Car and Motorcycle driving proficiency required.

Objective Type Test(MCQ ) Part-I English =20 Marks Part-II : General Intelligence Test = 80 Marks

Part-I Grammar Usage, Sentence Structuring Part-II Basic Arithmetic. Current Affairs. Pakistan Affairs & Islamic Studies Everyday/General Science

Note : (Equal weightage for each topic at Part-II)

17. 186/2014 Patrol Officer (BS-14) (For departmental employees of NH & MP), National Highways & Motorways Police, Ministry of Communications.

Page 8 of 16

Syllabi for Written Examination (Descriptive) for all posts in BS-20

(Case Nos. 163/2014)

PAPER: ENGLISH (100 MARKS) There will be only one paper of 100 marks for BS-20 & BS-21 posts. English Essay: Candidates will be required to write one Essay in English from three topics comprising approximately 2000 words. Candidates are expected to reflect comprehensive and research based knowledge on a selected topic. Candidate’s articulation, expression and technical treatment of the style of English Essay writing will be examined.

OR Case Study: Candidates will be given real situation case studies related to advertised posts/organization concerned and will be expected from the candidates to present (i) identification of issues (ii) evaluation of issues (iii) legal or case related theories (iv) evaluation of case facts if required and (v) possible solution of the case or writing judicial order, if the case so requires.

Page 9 of 16

Syllabi for Written Examination (Descriptive) for all posts in BS-18 &19

(Case Nos. 145/2014, 178/2014 and 179/2014)

PAPER-I: ENGLISH (100 MARKS)

(i) English Essay-50 Marks: Candidates will be required to write one Essay in English from six topics comprising approximately 1500 words. Candidates are expected to reflect comprehensive and research based knowledge on a selected topic. Candidate’s articulation, expression and technical treatment of the style of English Essay writing will be examined.

(ii) English (Composition and Précis)-50 Marks: The examination will test the candidate’s abilities to handle Précis Writing, Reading Comprehension, Sentence Structuring, Translation, Grammar and Vocabulary, etc. Précis Writing (10 marks): A selected passage with an orientation of generic understanding and enough flexibility for compression shall be given for précising and suggesting an appropriate title. Reading Comprehension (10 marks) A selected passage that is rich in substance but not very technical or discipline-specific shall be given, followed by five questions to be attempted, each carrying 2 marks. Grammar and Vocabulary (10 marks): Correct usage of Tense, Articles, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Punctuation, Phrasal Verbs, Synonyms and Antonyms etc. Sentence Correction (5 marks): Ten sentences shall be given each having a clear structural flaw in terms of grammar or punctuation. The candidates shall be asked to rewrite them with really needed correction only, without marking unnecessary alterations. No two or more sentence should have exactly the same problem and 2-3 sentences shall be based on correction of punctuation marks. Grouping of Words (5 marks): A random list of ten words of moderate standard (neither very easy nor utterly unfamiliar) shall be given, to be grouped by the candidates in pairs of those having similar or opposite meaning, as may be clearly directed in the question. Pairs of Words (5 marks): Five pairs shall be given of seemingly similar words with different meanings, generally confused in communication, for bringing out the difference in meaning of any five of them, by first explaining them in parenthesis and then using them in sentences. Translation (5 marks): Ten short Urdu sentences involving structural composition, significant terms and figurative/idiomatic expressions shall be given, to be accurately translated in English.

Page 10 of 16 SUGGESTED READINGS

Sr. No. Title Author 1. English Grammar in Use Raymond Murphy (Cambridge

University Press) 2. Practical English Usage M. Swan (Oxford University Press) 3. The Little, Brown Handbook H. Ramsey Flower & Jane Aaron

(The Little, Brown & Co; Harper Collins)

4. A University English Grammar R. Quirk & S. Greenbaum (ELBS; Longmans)

5. Write Better, Speak Better Readers Digest Association 6. Modern English in Action Henry Christ (D.C. Heath & Co.)

Page 11 of 16

PAPER-II: PROFESSIONAL (100 MARKS)

For Director (Statistics) (BS-19), (Case No. 145/2014)

Part-I: 50 Marks

(Human Resource, Financial Management, Quality Management and Information Technology)

I. Human Resource and Financial Management Definition, Significance and Scope of Human Resource Managment; Organization—Types of Organization, Theory of Organization, Principles of Organization, Organization of the Federal and Provincial Governments, Public Sector Enterprises; Approaches to Human Resource Management. Personnel Administration—Tools of Personnel Management: Selection, Training, Promotion, Compensation, Discipline; Communication, Communication Channels and Principles of Public Relations; Human Behaviour and Organizations Administration.—Elements of Financial Administration, Performance Programmed Budgeting, Capital Budget, Principles of Budgeting, Auditing and Accounting.

II. Basic Concept of Quality Management ISO-9000, ISO-13000, other certifications regarding quality measurement; management, management for Results, Setting Performance Goals and Targets; Job Analysis: Job Description, Job Specification, Performance Evaluation;

III. Information Technology and MS Office Fundamentals of Computer: CPU, Memory Devices, Types of Computers, Characteristics of Computer and related material; Application Software: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point, Microsoft Excel; Search Engines, Web Design, Email, Internet Surfing, Social Networking (Facebook, Twitter, etc); General Introduction to Virus and Antivirus utilities; Programming Languages

Part-II (Basic Statistics): 50 Marks

I. Probability Distributions Discrete and continuous Probability Distributions.Properties, applications of Binomial, Poisson, Hyper-geometric, Normal Distribution and its properties, Standard Normal Curve, Normal approximation to Binomial and Poisson distribution.

II. Regression Analysis & Correlation Analysis Concepts of Regression and Correlation and their application, Simple and Multiple Linear Regression (upto three variables), Estimation of the Parameters, Method of least square, Inference regarding regression parameters

Correlation, Correlation Coefficient, Properties of Correlation Coefficient, Inference regarding correlation coefficient, Partial Correlation and Multiple Correlation (upto three variables).

Page 12 of 16 III. Sampling & Sampling Distributions

Population and Sample, Advantages of Sampling, Sampling Design, Probability &Non-Probability Sampling techniques.Brief Concepts of Simple Random, Stratified, Systematic, Cluster, Multiple and Multistage Sampling. Purposive, Quota Sampling, Convenience & Accidental Sampling.

Sampling with and without replacement, Application of Central Limit Theorem in Sampling, Sampling Distribution of Mean, difference between two Means, Proportion, difference between two Proportion and Variance.

IV. Statistical Inferences Estimation: Point Estimation, Properties of a good Estimator.Interval Estimation. Interval Estimation of Population mean. Large and small sample confidence intervals for Population Mean.

Hypothesis Testing: Types of errors. Hypothesis Testing for Population Mean. Inferences for Two Population Means. Inferences for the Mean of Two Normal Populations using Independent Samples (variances are assumed Equal). Inference for Two Populations Mean using Paired Samples.Inferences for Population Proportions. Confidence Intervals and hypothesis Testing for Population Proportion. Inferences for Two Populations Proportions using Independent Samples, Estimation of sample size

Analysis of categorized data.Goodness of fit tests.Contingency tables. Test of independence in contingency tables.

V. Design of Experiments One-way and Two-way Analysis of Variance, Design of Experiments, Concepts of Treatment, Replication, Blocking, Experimental Units and Experimental Error, Basic Principles of Design of Experiments, Description, Layout and Statistical Analysis of Completely Randomized Design (CRD), Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), Multiple Comparison tests (LSD test).

SUGGESTED READINGS

S. No. Title Author 1. Human Resource Management H.T.Graham &Roger Bennett 2. Management James A.F.Stoner, R.Eward

Freeman, Daniel R.Gilbert Jr. 3. Understanding Computer:Today and Tomorrow Deborah Morley, Charles Parker 4. MS Office 365 Handbook: 2013 Edition Kevin Wilson 5. Principles and Procedures of Statistics Steel, R and Torrie, J.H. 6. Introduction to Statistical Theory, Part-I & II Chaudhry, S.M. and Kamal, S. 7. Fundamentals of Modern Statistical Methods Wilcox, R. 8. Statistical Methods Aggarwal, Y.P.

Page 13 of 16

PAPER-II: PROFESSIONAL (100 MARKS) for Vice Principal/Headmistress (Female) (BS-18),

(Case No. 178/2014)

Part-I: 50 Marks (Human Resource, Financial Management,

Quality Management and Information Technology)




Part-II: (Professional) 50 Marks

I. Curriculum Development and Implementation Elements of Curriculum. Relationship of Education and Curriculum Curriculum Development Process: Need Assessment, Formulation of Aims and

Objectives, Taxonomies of Educational Objectives, Selection of Content, Development of Curricular Materials.

II. Process of Teaching and Teaching Strategies Process of Classroom Communication Factors affecting Classroom Communication Barriers to Classroom Communications Use of Instructional Materials and Media

Page 14 of 16 III. Education Assessment and Evaluation

Concept of Classroom Assessment and Evaluation Distinction between Assessment, Evaluation and Measurement Approaches to Evaluation: Formative Evaluation; Summative Evaluation Types of Test: Essay Type; Objective Type: Multiple Choice, True-False Items,

Matching Type; Principles of Construction of these Test Characteristics of a Good Test: Validity, Reliability, Objectivity, Usability

IV. Education Administration and Supervision The Concept of Administration Educational Planning and Organization in Pakistan Approaches to Educational Administration: Democratic; Authoritarian; Laissez-

faire Educational Supervision

V. Research Methods in Education Scientific Method and its Application in Education Sampling Techniques: Research Instruments: Questionnaire: Interview; Test; Observation; Rating Scale Type of Research: Basic/Applied Research; Historical Research; Descriptive

Research; Correlation Research; Causal-Comparative Research; Experimental Research; Action Research; Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Research Proposal and Report Writing

SUGGESTED READINGS


Freeman, Daniel R.Gilbert Jr. 3. Understanding Computer:Today and Tomorrow Deborah Morley, Charles Parker 4. MS Office 365 Handbook: 2013 Edition Kevin Wilson 5. Research in Education JW Best 6. Integrating Education Technology into Teaching Roblyer 7. Curriculum Development S. M. Suhail 8. Educational Measurement and Evaluation S. M. Suhail 9. Educational Administration S. M. Suhail

Page 15 of 16

PAPER-II: PROFESSIONAL (100 MARKS) for Director (BS-19) (Case No. 179/2014)

Part-I: 50 Marks

(Human Resource, Financial Management, Quality Management and Information Technology)




Part-II: (Zoology) 50 Marks

I. Animal Diversity-Chordata

Hemichordates and Invertebrate Chordates: Evolutionary Perspective: Phylogenetic Relationships and considerations.

Fishes: Structural and functional adaptations of fishes.

Amphibian: Movement onto land and early evolution of terrestrial vertebrates.

Reptiles: Characteristics of reptiles, adaptations in reptilians.

Birds: Migration and navigation, adaptations.

Mammals: Structural and functional adaptations of mammals.

II. Principles of Animal Life

The chemical basis of animal life: Brief introduction to bio-molecules; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

Page 16 of 16 Protozoa: Reproduction pattern on in protozoan, Parasitism in protozoan

Mesozoza and Parazoa: Porifera: Cells types, body wall and skeleton and water currents system, Coelenterata: Reproduction plan and alteration of generation (Polymorphism)

Tissues Types: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue; organs and organ systems.

Ecological Concepts: Interactions, Concepts and components of ecosystem, Food chain, Food web, Biogeochemical cycles, Forest, Biomes, Wildlife conservation and management, Environmental pollution, Green house effect, Acid rain, Global warming.

Evolution: Darwinian evolutionary theory based on natural selection and the evidence, Microevolution: Genetic variation and change within species, Macroevolution: Species and speciation (Allopatric, Parapatric and Sympatric speciation)

III. Animal Form and Function

Protection, Support and Movement: Integumentary system of invertebrates and vertebrates; Animal muscles: the muscular system of invertebrates and vertebrates.

Digestion and Nutrition: Feeding mechanism, Digestion, Organization and regional function of alimentary canals, Regulation of food intake, Nutritional requirements

Internal Fluids and Respiration: Internal fluid environment, Composition of blood, Circulation and respiration mechanisms

Nervous Coordination: Nervous system and Sense: Functional units of nervous systems, Synapses junctions between nerves.

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System; Vertebrate endocrine glands and types of hormones, Mechanism of hormones action,

Animal Behavior: Learning, Habituation, Insight learning, latent learning, classical learning: Control of Behavior; social behavior

SUGGESTED READINGS


Freeman, Daniel R.Gilbert Jr. 3. Understanding Computer:Today and Tomorrow Deborah Morley, Charles Parker 4. MS Office 365 Handbook: 2013 Edition Kevin Wilson 5. Integrated Principles of Zoology. Hickman, Jr. C.P., Keen, S. L,

Larson, and Eisenhour, D.J. 6. Zoology Miller, S. A. and Harley, J. B. 7. Biology Campbell, N.A. 8. Evolution. 2nd Edition Douglas Futuyma 9. Animal behavior: An Evolutionary Approach.

9th Edition John Alcock

Documents

Adv no 07 mcq descriptive