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Acid Addi t ives
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Corrosion Inhibitors
Intensifiers
Sulfide Inhibitors Surfactants
Demulsifiers
Mutual Solvents
Emulsifying Agents
Iron Control Agents
Anti-Sludge Additives
Gelling Agents
Aromatic Solvents
Clay Control Additives Diverting Agents
N2and CO2 Suspending Agents
Foaming Agents Fluid Loss Additives
Alcohols
Typical Acid Additives
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Acid Corrosion Inhibitors AI 250
Inhibitor ClH ClH/FH Normal and Stainless St. 177C IC-8
Environmentally friendly acid corrosion inhibitor for organic blends upto 500 F
IC 10
Moderate temperature acid corrosion inhibitor for HCl
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Surfactants
AQUAFREE
Non-ionic surfactants for acid and water based frac fluids
Q FLOW
Cationic oil soluble anti blocking.
SC-10
non ionic surfactant for water increase frac recovery & acids
SC-21
Non-ionic surfactant fine suspender anti blocking. Dolomite &
limenstone. Drilling damage. SLA-46
Anionic surfactants for water, brines and acid
SLA-48
Anionic and non-ionic surfactant
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De-Emulsifiers
Aqua Flow Non-ionic de-emulsifier for water, brine, acid, or oil
FAW-18W
Non-ionic de-emulsifier for acid
LT-32
Non-ionic surfactant for water,acid, oil, or brine
NE-10, 110
Anionic surfactant for water, acid, oil or brine
NE-118
Non-ionic surfactant for water,acid, oil, or brine
NE-13
Cationic and non-ionic de-emulsifier for acid or oil
NE-41
Non-ionic de-emulsifier for acid and oil NE-940
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Mutual Solvents
MS-10
Non-ionic mutual solvent, de-emulsifier, water block breaker, waterwetter
MS-12 Non-ionic mutual solvent, de-emulsifier, water block breaker, water
wetter
MS-15 Non-ionic mutual solvent, de-emulsifier, water block breaker, water
wetter MS-5
Non-ionic micellar acidizing solvent, strong water wetter
US-2
Mutual solvent for acidizing, requires lower loading than US-40
US-40
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Emulsifying Agents
AE-6
Emulsifier used for emulsified acid system
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Iron Control Agents Acetic Acid / Glacial
Glacial acetic acid low pH buffering agent, also used as acetic acid to 20%
Acetic Anhydride Blend
Acetic acid / acetic hydride mixture buffering agent
Ferrotrol 1000 Disodium EDTA chelating agent same chemistry as Ferrotrol,700, 900 and
900L
Ferrotrol 200
Sodium erythorbate monohydrate ferric iron reducing agent
Ferrotrol 210
Erythorbic acid ferric iron reducing agent, for HCl:HF and HCl < 20%
Ferrotrol 260L
Stannous chloride ferric iron reducing agent
Ferrotrol 270
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Iron Control Agents
Ferrotrol 271 Copper chloride solution catalyst for Ferrotrol 271
Ferrotrol 300
Anhydrous citric acid iron chelating agent
Ferrotrol 300L
Liquid citric acid iron chelating agent 1 gal = 5 lb Citric acid
Ferrotrol 700
EDTA chelating agent same chemistry as Ferrotrol,1000, 900 and 900L
Ferrotrol 800
Trisodium NTA monohydrate chelating agent, least expensive form ofNTA
Ferrotrol 800L
40% liquid trisodium NTA acid monohydrate, 4.7 lb Ferrotrol 800/ gal
Ferrotrol 810
NTA acid chelating agent, may be used in all acids, including HCL:HF
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Anti-Sludge Additives
AS-3
Nonionic anti-sludging agent
AS-7
Acid anti-sludging agent and water wetter
NE-32
Anionic surfactant, acid anti-sludge agent, de-emulsifier, wetting
agent
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Acid Gelling Agents
Acigel
AG-10
AG-12
AG-21R
AG-56L
DSGA Liquid Polymer
DSGA Polymer
Kelzan XCD
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Aromatic Solvents
Envirosol (Paravan -25)
Paratrol-17
Paravan A Paravan D
Paravan E
Paravan F
Paravan-22 Paravan-23
Techni Hib 542
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Clay Control
Clay Master-5C
Clay control agent to control hydratable or sloughing clays
Clay Master-FSC
Fines stabilizer and clay control agent
Clay Treat- 3C
KCl substitute for water based fracturing fluids
FSA-1
Acid fines stabilizer and clay control
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Diverters Ball Sealers
Rock Salt
Benzoic Acid Flakes
Oil Soluble Resins
Napthalene Flakes
Polymer Pills
Wax Beads
Resin Beads
Foam Diversion
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Diversion
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DivertersDIVERTER
USAGE
MATRIX
USAGEFRAC
PERFS
USAGEFRAC
OH
SOLVENT
ROCK SALT N/A -1 pp p 3-5 pp sf Water,Dil ut e HCl
BENZOIC ACID N/A 3-5 pps f1 pppToluene,Xylene,Hydrocarbons
OSR 5-20 gp t 5-20 gp t 1 5-20 gp t 1 T,X,H
NAPTHALENE N/A 2.5 pp sf T,X,H- ppp
POLYMER 10-50 ppt 10-50 ppt 3 10-50 ppt 3 15% HCl
WAX BEADS - ppp2
1-2 pp sf T,X,H- ppp
RESIN BEADS N/A 1-3 pp sf T,X,H- ppp
1 For fluid loss c ontro l, wil l no t divert in natural fractures.
2 Cannot be carr ied by fluid at rates below 0.5 BPM, wil l f lo at out.
3 For f lu id loss c ontro l , crossl inked polymer pi l ls may be used to diver t in fractures.
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Surfactants
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WATER
SOLID
HIGH SURFACE TENSION LIQUIDEXAMPLE : MERCURY
LOW SURFACE TESION L IQUIDEXAMPLE : WATER ON A TAB LE
Surface Tension
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Dipolar Composition
HYDROPHILIC
GROUP
( WATER - SOLUB LE)
LIPOPHILIC
GROUP
( OIL - SOLUB LE)
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Surfactant Molecule
Orientation
Air or Oi l
A ir - Water
o r
Oil - Water
Interface
Water
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Interfacial Tension
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Interfacial Tension Theory
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Effect of Surfactants ( Tensio -Active Agents )