Additives for Masterbatches

8/12/2019 Additives for Masterbatches

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Additives forMasterbatches and Compounds


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About Us

Evonik Industries is the creative industrialgroup from Germany which operates inthree business areas: Chemicals, Energyand Real Estate. Evonik is a global leaderin specialty chemicals, an expert in powergeneration from hard coal and renewableenergies, and one of the largest privateresidential real estate companies in Ger-many. Our strengths are creativity, spe-

cialization, continuous self-renewal, andreliability. Evonik is active in over countries around the world.

The Business Line Industrial Specialties ofEvonik Goldschmidt GmbH has its base in allkinds of organic specialty surfactants and or-ganomodified siloxanes. We hold strong po-sitions with antifoams, emulsifiers, corrosioninhibitors, dispersing aids, hydrophobingand wetting agents, soeners and radiationcurable release coatings. Our broad productrange, technological background and appli-

cation know-how addresses several indus-tries like plastics, rubber, label, tape and re-lease liner manufacturing, construction,lubricants, agro, textile and tissue industry.


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Multifunctional Additivesfor the Plastics Industry

Our technical expertise, market insight and new ideas enableus to cope with the increasing demands of the plastics industry.We offer a broad range of additives for various applicationsof plastics:

. OMS based performance additives to improve surface andbulk properties of polymers like scratch resistance, surface

smoothness or processing parameter.

. Dispersing additives for pigments and fillers

. Specialty additive TEGOSorb

. Base additivesAnti-fogging additivesAntistatic additives


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. Organomodified Siloxanes

Performance AdditivesOptimized Combinations for Best Performance

Organomodified siloxanes (OMS) areused during the production of polymericmaterials as processing additives for extru-sion, injection and blow molding. Theyare capable to function as compatible in-ternal slip and release agents. Additionally,these specialties can be applied as surfacemodifying agents or material propertyenhancers by permanent implementationfor thermoplastics and elastomeric poly-mers. Therefore, they are utilized in widespread applications such as in automotiveparts, domestic and consumer goods.

Organomodified siloxanes consist of asiloxane backbone with attached organicgroups. The organic groups ensure apermanent functionalization of the poly-mer without bleeding of the OMS. Dif-ferent molecular architectures of OMSderivatives are available. Figure showsthe comb-like as well as the linear struc-ture of the OMS together with the possi-ble functional groups.

By varying the density and nature of theattached organic groups the OMS called

TEGOMERor TEGOPRENare tailormade products to the final application.Figure shows the functionalization ofa polymer matrix with OMS. These deri-vatives can either work for bulk modifi-cation (case A) or for surface modifica-tion (case B).

Figure : Structures of organomodified siloxanes Figure : Anchorage of an OMS by organic side chains

comb-like

linear

Methylgroup

Silicon

Oxygen

Organic Substituents

Alkyl

Epoxide Hydroxy

Amino

Carboxyl

Acrylate

Polymer

OMS

A B


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Benefits of OMS as Plastic Additive

OMS influence and improve the produc-tion process of a plastic product as wellas the properties of the final product.Table summarizes the benefits of OMS

with regard to the processing, the modi-fication of the surface and the propertiesof the final plastic product.

Rheology of polymer melt Improved mold fill operation Suppression of melt fracture Improved mold release Increased productivity Lubrication Higher filler content

Improved scratch resistance Suppression of shark skin Lowered surface roughness Improved chemical resistance Improved water resistance

Improved impact strengh Reduced brittleness Higher plasticity Higher elongation Enhanced flame resistance

Improved low temperature stability Improved heat distortion temperature

Processing

Surfacemodification

Material propertyenhancer


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Examples for the Benefitsof OMS AdditivesEffect on Scratch Resistance

Scratch and mar resistance are importantissues for automotive application, domes-tic appliance and the furniture industry.They can be evaluated by different meth-ods mainly developed by the automotiveindustry. Figure shows the effect of theorganomodified siloxane TEGOMERAntiScratch with % addition evalu-ated by Erichson methods (GM ) ina PP talc compound. In this case, the

damage of the surface measured as DeltaL* value (change of brightness value ofscratched to the none-scratched plate)will be reduced significantly.

Effect on Melt Flow Index (MFI)

The positive influence of OMS additiveson the viscosity can be shown by MFI de-termination as well as by melt flow pathevaluation. Our technical department is

equipped with an injection moulding toolto determine the influence on melt flowbehavior. For example the addition of % TEGOMERH-Si P to a PBTcompound leads to an improvement of % of the melt flow length (Figure ).

Effect on Flame Resistance

Flame resistance is an issue of high consi-deration for a variety of new compound de-velopments used in cable jacketing materi-als for building and transportation as wellas for electronics. OMS additives improvein halogen free flame retardant EVA com-pounds die drol and throughput. Addition-ally it allows fillings up to % of ATH orMDH finally resulting in highest flameresistance. Figure illustrates the effect of % additive of TEGOMER V-SI regarding good dispersion of untreatedATH with smooth printable surfaces.

Figure 4: Improvement of melt flow path by TEGOMERH-Si 6440 P

Melt flow path (cm) Standard PBT without OMS 2 % TEGOMERH-Si 6440 P in PBT

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

0

Figure : Improvement of scratch resistance by using OMS derivatives

le: Pure compound; right: % TEGOMERAntiScratch applied to the compound

Bildunterschri


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In-house Evaluation Technologies for OMS Modified Plastics

Evaluated property Test method/equipment

Scratch and mar resistanceErichsen Scratch tester, e. g. GM 10640,Five Finger Scratch test, Crockmaster

MFI properties and viscosityMelt flow path, Melt flow index by DIN 1133 or ASTM D 1238,Anton Paar viscosimeter up to 400 C

Flame retardence UK94 evaluation, low oxygene index

Impact testNotched impact test

Izod and Charpy method at room temperatureand at low temperature between -20 C and -40 C

Tensile strength, elongation Zwick machine

Shark skin Blow film line from Brabender

COF modification e. g. DIN EN ISO 8295

Gloss and color evaluation Datacolor, e.g. DIN EN ISO 2813 and 5033


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. Dispersing Additives for Pigments and Fillers

Evonik Goldschmidt offers under thetrade name TEGOMERand TEGOPRENdispersing agents for fillers and pigments.They are invaluable in achieving the opti-mized distribution of fillers or inorganicpigments in compounds as well as the dis-persion of organic pigments in color con-centrates like masterbatches and liquidpastes.

As a result of their polar surfaces most orga-nic pigments are not compatible in non-po-lar or less polar matrices, e. g. PE, PP, PA,PET etc. Such particles tend to form agglo-

merates that are big enough to influencethe overall performance of the final poly-mer or the masterbatch formulation. Thisbehavior causes some undesired effects.

Dispersing additives help to cover thenewly formed surface of the aggregatesand primary particles during the dis-persing process. Aggregates which are

covered with the dispersing additivecannot agglomerate anymore. Moreover,they become compatible to the matrixby the polymer chains attached to the dis-persing additive (Figure ).

Our products are essential ingredients to: Improve development of color Prevent clogging of filter sieves Avoid blocking of spinning nozzles Manufacture fibres without

capillary fractures Reduce speck formation within films

or thin walled parts Increase productivity or to reduce

maintenance efforts Avoid bleeding of pigments

Stabilizing with Know-how

Figure : Break of agglomerates for development of color intensity

Agglomerates AggregatesTEGOMER


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Benefits of our Products

in different Dispersing Applications

Improvement of color strength Application in polyolefines and engineering plastics Easy processable masterbatches Higher pigment loading Easy processing without bleeding Reduced filter pressure index

High filler or pigment loading Easy dispersing process Easy processing of masterbatches No restrictions in final application (e. g. sealing, printing) Higher bulk density

High pigment loading Improved color strength in compounds Low viscosities of pastes

Colorationof Masterbatches

Pigment & FillerTreatment

Liquid Pastesfor Coloration


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Our customers can expect technical ad-vice due to the large number of trials car-

ried out in our laboratories using differ-ent pigments and polymers for themanufacture of masterbatches. Guidingformulations allow customers an easystart together with our knowledge re-garding the resulting rheology effects.As an example the effect of %TEGOMERP in a PA masterbatchwith pigment Green is shown in Figure. By using the additive TEGOMERP the color strength is increased by %and the pressure is reduced dramaticallyfrom . to . bar/g. That allows even

the use for fibre and film application.

In-house Evaluation Technologiesfor Dispersants

Dispersing and wetting of pigments arecore competences of Evonik Goldschmidt.Our laboratories are able to perform amultitude of test methods which areimportant standards of the industry.We have the following test methods in-

house available.

Figure 7: Increased color strength and reduced pressureby TEGOMERP 121

Colorstrenght[%] 0 % 10 %

Pressureindex[bar/g] 0 % 10 %

160 8

150 7

140 6

130 5

120 4

110 3

100 2

90 1

80 0

100

1546.9

0.6

Evaluated property Test method/equipment

Color strength Full shade and tinted systems with Datacolor equipment

Speck evaluation Microscopic evaluation on 50 micrometer plates or on film samples

Pressure index Brabender equipment, e. g. DIN EN 13900-5

Polymer rheology Melt flow index determination or Anton Par Viscosimeter


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In addition to OMS based performanceadditives and dispersing additiveswe offer a specialty additive for odorabsorption.

Odor absorbers offer the solution to avoidundesired odors in polymer applications.The excellent odor absorbing propertiesof TEGOSorb enables the effective con-trol of odors envolving from pigments,polymers, compounds or masterbatches.Typical odor creating substances are hy-

drogen sulphide, mercaptane, amines andothers which will be covered by TEGOSorb. Also the odor absorbers prevent theemission from recycling polymers, ultra-marineblue pigment masterbatches, TPEs,PA and others.

For the automotive industry in particularthe application of our products is of mainimportance since it effectively providesa way to manage the odor in the interiorof the car.

The film industry and manufacturersof caps for bottles are the end users withcritical organoleptic requests whereTEGOSorb helps to meet those require-ments.

Giving the World a Clean Smelling Back

. Specialty Additive TEGO Sorb


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Chemically TEGOSorb is a zinc-ricin-oleate whereby the central metal zinc ionis capable to bind malodor causing com-ponents. Figure shows the chemicalstructure of TEGOSorb as well as a

computer model of the molecule.

TEGOSorb is compatible to polyolefinesand technical polymers. A concentrationbetween . and . % is sufficient to re-

duce the malodor significantly. As an ex-ample the reduced emission of sulphurcompounds from recycled Polyamide isshown in Figure .

Test setup Polymer: Recycled Polyamide Odor absorber: % TEGOSorb Measurement: VOC thermo desorption

(VDA-Norm )

The benefits of TEGOSorb can beidentified in the following manu-facturing steps: during production to guarantee an

environment free of malodor

for the odor of the final product especially to eliminate malodor of

recycling materials

Figure : Molecular structure of TEGOSorb

Figure 9: Reduction of hydrogensulfide and mercapto methane byTEGOSorb

RelativeGC units

Noadditives

1 %TEGOSorb

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

MeSH H2S


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. Base Additives

Antifogging Additives

Fogging results from the condensation ofwater as small discrete droplets on thesurface of transparent plastic films. Theycan be avoided by the use of those anti-fogging additives. In greenhouses the wa-ter droplets can act like small lenses anddamage plants leaves. In food packaging

droplet formation leads to unfavourableappearance and may cause food spoilage.

TEGOantifogging additives act as sur-face active or wetting agents and preventthe formation of discrete water dropletsby building a continuous water film.

Antistatic Agents

Antistatic agents offer a solution againstnegative effects related to electrostaticcharges like attraction of dust on plasticpart surfaces or static discharge.

TEGINantistatic agents can be incorpo-rated in the final production step of basic

polymers or in masterbatches and com-pounds. They migrate to the surface ofthe polymer film or part. In combinationwith atmospheric humidity a conductivefilm is formed on the surface of thepolymer, which is necessary to dissipatethe charge.

Still necessary for Making Plastics Working


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Evonik Goldschmidt GmbHGoldschmidtstrae EssenGermany

P.O. Box, Essen + - + -www.evonik.com/plastic-additives

09/2010

Inv.-

Nr.:14-10

For more detailed information or to obtain

a brochure which addresses a specific

area of interest, please contact the Evonik

Goldschmidt Head Office in Essen or

contact your local representative.

This information and all further technical

advice is based on our present knowledge

and experience. However, it implies no

liability or other legal responsibility on our

part, including with regard to existing

third party intellectual property rights,especially patent rights. In particular, no

warranty, whether express or implied, or

guarantee of product properties in the

legal sense is intended or implied. We

reserve the right to make any changes

according to technological progress or

further developments. The customer is not

released from the obligation to conduct

careful inspection and testing of incoming

goods. Performance of the product descri-

bed herein should be verified by testing,

which should be carried out only by quali-

fied experts in the sole responsibility of a

customer. Reference to trade names used

by other companies is neither a recom-

mendation, nor does it imply that similar

products could not be used. (April 2008)

ASIA

CHINA

Evonik Degussa (China) Co, Ltd.

, Chundong Road

Xinzhuang Industrie Park

Shanghai,

+ -

+ -

JAPAN

Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.Shinjuku Monolith F

--, Nishi-Shinjuku

Shinjuku-ku

Tokyo -

+ -

+ -

SOUTH KOREA

Evonik Degussa Korea Ltd. (Seoul Office)

8th floor Bookuk Bldg.

- Yeouido-dong, Youngdeungpo-ku

Seoul

+

+

INDIA

Evonik Degussa India Pvt. Ltd.Krislon House, Opp. Marwah Center

Saki Naka, Andheri (E),

Saki Vihar Road

Mumbai

+ -

+ -

SOUTH EAST ASIA

Evonik Degussa (SEA) Pte. Ltd.

, International Business Park

Nordic European Centre # -

Singapore

+ -

+ -

TAIWAN

Evonik Degussa Taiwan Ltd. F, Min Sheng East Rd.

Sec.

Taipei

+ -

+ -

EUROPE

AUSTRIA/POLAND

Evonik Degussa International AG

Post Office Box

Vienna

+ -

+ -

ITALY

Evonik Goldschmidt Italia S.r.l.

Via Falconera, Pandino (Cr)

+

UNITED KINGDOM

Evonik Goldschmidt UK Ltd.

Tego House

Chippenham Drive, Kingston

Milton Keynes MK AF

+ -

+ -

BENELUX

Evonik Degussa International AG

Goldschmidtstrae

Essen

+

+

RUSSIA

OOO Evonik Chimia

, Moscow

Zemlayanoy Val Str., A/

+ -

+ -

EASTERN EUROPE

Evonik Degussa Praha s.r.o.

BB Centrum Building Beta

Vyskoilova /

Praha - Michle

+ -

+ -

SPAIN

Evonik Degussa Ibrica S.A.

Polig. Ind. del Congost

Avda. Sant Juli -

Granollers (Barcelona)

+

FRANCE

Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH

Goldschmidtstrae Essen

+

TURKEY

Evonik Degussa Ticaret Ltd.

Ankara Asfalti Uzeri

Kanli Mandira Mevkii

Tuzla Kavsagi No:

Tuzla, Istanbul

+ -

+ -

THE AMERICAS

MEXICO

Degussa Mxico, S.A. de C.V.Calz. Mxico-Xochimilco No. -Bis

Col. Arenal,Tepepan

Mxico D.F.

+ -

+ -

NORTH AMERICA

Evonik Goldschmidt Corp.

E. Randolph Rd.

P.O. Box

Hopewell, VA

+ -

+ -

SOUTH AMERICA

Evonik Degussa Ibrica S.A.

Alameda Campinas, - andar--So Paulo-SP

+ -

+ -

Documents

Additives for Masterbatches