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Checkerboard Patterns with Black Rectangles • 13

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ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

7.1 Boundary Editing

+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1

-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2

Fig. 24. Boundary editing example. The first edit expands by a magnitudeof 4 and with the additional "circular" constraint. The second edit made twosubtractions at two different locations with magnitudes of −2 and −1.

An initial boundary can be given as an arbitrary 2D piece-wiselinear loop using the approximation method described in Section 3.4in [Peng et al. 2018]. In addition, we propose an interactive tool todesign admissible boundaries. Starting from an admissible boundary,the tool allows users to iteratively edit the boundary while keepingit admissible.An editing operation replaces a subset of the current boundary

with a new sequence of half-edges. For an operation, the user spec-ifies: 1) the subset of the current boundary to replace and 2) themagnitude of the operation, which is a signed non-zero integer. Thesign of the magnitude denotes whether the operation is an expan-sion or a subtraction. For simplicity, we assume the new sequence ofhalf-edges is a subset of a convex loop (i.e., an admissible boundary

without turning angles > 180◦). We denote the directions of thefirst and last half-edges of the current subset as d0 and d1. After thereplacement, the directions of the first and last half-edges becomes(d0 − x) mod 12 and (d1 + x) mod 12, shortened as D0 and D1. IfD0 ≤ D1, we encode the directions of a subset of a convex loop’sboundary in counterclockwise order as {ED0 ,ED0+1,ED0+2, ...,ED1 }where these Ei vectors, i ∈ [0, 11], are one of the twelve 4D direc-tion vectors for half-edges (see Eq. 5.1). Otherwise, we encode it inclockwise order as {ED0 ,ED0−1,ED0−2, ...,ED1 }. We then solve thefollowing IP problem for the counterclockwise case:∑

XD0ED0 + XD0+1ED0+1 + ... + XD1ED1 = Z , (12)

and for the clockwise case change the order. Length variables XD0to XD1 denote the numbers of half-edges in the convex loop at thespecific directions. Z is the 4D offset vector from the first to thelast vertices of the boundary subset to be replaced. Additionally, acircular constraint can be added such that all the length variablesare non-zero. In summary, solving Eq. 12 gives us a subset of half-edges of a convex loop that seamlessly replace the original subsetof boundary. See Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 for examples.

7.2 Additional FiguresIn Fig. 26, we show all of our variations for the Tokyo 2020 logodesign. In Fig. 27, we show the quad mesh of the bunny example. InFig. 28, we show the control meshes of the 2D pattern results shownin the paper.

, Vol. 1, No. 1, Article . Publication date: May 2019.

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14 • Anon. Submission Id: 202

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-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1

+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2 +2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2

+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2+3 x2

+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2+2 x2

+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 +2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2

Fig. 25. Making a turtle-shaped boundary using a series of editing operations. "x2" means applies an operation two times.

(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a) (b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)(b1)

(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)(b2)

(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)(b3)

(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c)(c) (d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d)(d) (e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)

(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)(f)

(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)(g)

Fig. 26. All of our variations of the Tokyo 2020 logo design. (a), (b1), (c), and (d): we create a series of ring-shaped patterns, similar to the Olympics logo (Fig. 2(a)), with the same 3-way rotational symmetry but in different scales (measured by the width of the outer boundary). (b1), (b2), and (b3) have the same scaleas the original Tokyo design, of which (b2) is a ring-shaped pattern with a left-right reflective symmetry and (b3) is a thicker ring-shaped pattern. (e): a remakeof the Paralympic Games logo (Fig. 2 (b)) with a "fractured" global style. (f): a design with the same scale but with a slightly different boundary. (g): a biggerdesign with a left-right reflective symmetry.

Fig. 27. The quad mesh of the bunny model.

, Vol. 1, No. 1, Article . Publication date: May 2019.

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Checkerboard Patterns with Black Rectangles • 15

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(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3) (4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)(4)

(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)(5)

(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)(6)

(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)(7)

Fig. 28. Control meshes of 2D pattern results shown in the paper. (1): Fig. 12. (2): Fig. 13. (3): Fig. 15. (4): Fig. 16. (5): Fig. 18. (6): Fig. 19. (7): Fig. 26 (a), (b1), and(c). Each type of faces is colored with a different color.

, Vol. 1, No. 1, Article . Publication date: May 2019.