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Addiction: Sin, Disease, or Psychological Defect?
What God taught me through my psychiatric training and my own addiction
HELP! I prayed, took meds, and love
my mother!I’m DYING
Psychological Defect-Tell me about your
mother!
Sin- Have more Faith!
Disease- Take your MEDS!
Copyright 2012 - Lighthouse Network 3
Your wish Your wish is my is my
command!command!
SOLOMONSOLOMON1 Kings 3:5,9-11
The Most Important Spiritual Discipline:
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Science and FaithScience and Faith
• Darwin and Freud
• Faith: the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen.
• Science: Hard Data• Definitions Collide• Do they work together?
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Science and FaithScience and Faith
Science is:–The study of what God made–Understanding how it works–Learning to maximally steward it for God’s glory and our ultimate growth/fulfillment in Him
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God’s Great God’s Great CreationsCreations
MindFree Will: Decision Making
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Science is a tool.Science is a tool.So let’s not ignore the science.
Science is a tool.Science is a tool.So let’s not ignore the science.
Overview• Addiction - Basics and Definition• Identify who Addicts are• Addiction - Cause and Model
Spirit, Mind, Body Integration• The Key Spiritual Discipline – DM• Treatment Strategy – SPEARS
– Help you– Help you help others– Today
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
DSM 4 TR… Substance Abuse
One or more of the following:• Failure to fulfill major obligations at work, school or
home • Use when physically hazardous • Recurrent legal problems • Recurrent social or interpersonal problems
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DSM 4 TR…
Substance Dependence (Addiction)
Three or more of the following:• High or increased Tolerance• Withdrawal• Consumption of larger amounts over longer
period of time than intended
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DSM 4 TR…
Substance Dependence (Addiction)
Three or more of the following (cont):• Unsuccessful efforts in cutting down• Significant time spent obtaining, using, thinking about or
recovering from the substance• Substance time replaces social, occupational, or
recreational activities• Continued use despite adverse consequences physical,
psychological (spiritual)
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
DSM 5: Substance Use Disorders
• Not using the word ‘addiction’• Behavioral Category – gambling(was Impulse DO)• Considered Sex, Eating, Caffeine, Internet• Internet Gaming and Caffeine Use DO will be in
the appendix• Use same 11 Criteria but:• Craving will be added, Legal issues dropped• 0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6+
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
5 Levels of Substance Use• EXPERIMENTAL USE: trying substance once or twice.• RECREATIONAL USE: using a substance socially, only with friends or
at a party• CIRCUMSTANTIAL USE: using a substance to escape or avoid
personal problems or life circumstances OR using a substance to get through a challenging situation (e.g.: taking caffeine-laced pills to stay awake to study for exams).
• INTENSIFIED USE: increasing over a long period of time. This describes the regular user who experiences on-going symptoms because of their drug use (physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual).
• COMPULSIVE USE: True addicts who can’t “voluntarily” give up their substance abuse. They can no longer choose not to use, and suffer significant life and heath disruption because of their addiction.
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
American Society of Addiction Medicine Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of brain
reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry.
Dysfunction in these circuits leads to characteristic biological, psychological, social, and spiritual manifestations.
This circuitry and resultant manifestations lead to the individual pursuing reward and/or relief by substance use and other behaviors.
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
Real Addiction• Goes deeper than behavior or brain
chemistry• Exodus 20:3 You shall have no other gods
before Me.• Mark 12:30 – Greatest Commandment• Ezekiel 14 Idols of the heart lead to
destruction. God condemns
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Real Addiction
•Worship is: Perceiving God accurately and responding appropriately•Addiction: Misplaced Worship, Worshipping the wrong thing•Addiction: Promoting something other than Jesus to the center of your life/heart•Solomon: all is vanity, my kingdom come
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Real Addiction• Why Addiction: coping skill to ‘help’ deal with life/stress
– Circumstantial Use • We all have behaviors to help us cope with life/stress that
qualify as addictions that grow out of the idols in our heart• Benzio Definition of Addiction:
– Choosing or pursuing something other than God (or Him + the healthy solution He provides) in a habitual, patterned, or repetitive way to get a particular need/needs met
• We’re ALL addicted to ………..
ComfortComfortCopyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
KarlKarl’’s s StoryStory
Why did I become a
psychiatrist?
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Karl’s First Karl’s First BeerBeer
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HARDWARE!
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S.P.E.C.T. Scans
• Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography
• A sophisticated nuclear medicine study that looks directly at cerebral blood flow and indirectly at the brain activity (or metabolism)
All of the following slides are used with permission from “Images Into Human Behavior - A Brain SPECT Atlas” by
Daniel Amen, M.D. © Copyright 2000
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Normal Brain-Top
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Normal Brain-Bottom
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Normal Brain-Active Views
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Alzheimer’s Disease
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25 year Heroin Addiction - 39 yo
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2 Years of Daily Marijuana Abuse - 16 yo
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2 Years of Frequent Cocaine Use - 24 yo
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17 Years of Heavy Weekend Alcohol Use 38 yo
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27 Year Daily Heavy Cigarette and Coffee Use 45 yo
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PolySubstance Abuse, then 1 yr Clean
Copyright 2011 - Lighthouse Network
PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety Before and After St. John’s Wort and EMDR
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Images of PMS
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse NetworkDay 2 of Cycle (Worst Time)
Day 10 of Cycle (Best Time)
Hardware SummaryHardware SummaryOur brains are dynamic organsOur brains are dynamic organs• Our brains can be injured or diseased easily
– Toxins + Poor Decision-Making• Our brains can be strengthened or renewed
– No Toxins + Good Decision-Making• Not just born this way
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Hardware SummaryHardware Summary
How does the brain malfunction?
We need a system that addresses all three spheres:
SpiritMindBody
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Body, Mind, & Spirit
• Body – mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions– Above and below the neck
• Mind - mental processes and behavior, the mind, heart, will, personality, cognitions, emotions, executive functions
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Body, Mind, & Spirit• Spirit – Inner
– immaterial– our eternal part – allows relationship with God– encodes our uniqueness– differentiates us from other animals– allows unique relationships with others
• Spirit – Outer– Trinity, angels, Satan, Heaven, Hell
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Spirit, Mind, & Body Integration
• Spirit – inner/outer; Owner/Designer
• Mind – Operating System
• Body – Physical Hardware
• External Events – Software, Viruses
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Mind of Christ!
Jesus’ Brain = Perfection!
1.Perceived everything from a Godly perspective
2.Responded with Biblical skills
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BrainWorks – My Brain
Based on new scientific research, my brain does 2 things
1. Perceives2. Responds
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BrainWorksBrainWorks Research Research
Skin
GI / Cardiac
Panic Disorder Study
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Heart Heart of Transformation: of Transformation: Decision-MakingDecision-Making
• No biological Intervention• But Brain Chemistry Improved/Renewed
Decision-making is exercise for brain• Good decisions = stronger brain• Bad decisions = injured brain
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What determines accurate Perception and Response?Holy Bible – God’s Instruction Manual
DM: Science and Faith Meet
Integration and DM are Key!Integration and DM are Key!
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Mind
SpiritBody
Decision-Making Decision-Making ==
Spirit, Mind, & Body
IntegrationIntegration
19Today I have given you the choice between life and death, between blessings and curses. Now I call on heaven and earth to witness the choice you make. Oh, that you would choose life, so that you and your descendants might live!
20 You can make this choice by loving the Lord your God, obeying him, and committing yourself firmly to him. This is the key to your life. And if you love and obey the Lord, you will live long in the land the Lord swore to give your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Copyright 2013 - Lighthouse Network
Proverbs 4:23
Keep thy heart with all diligence; For out of it flows the wellspring of life.
As a man thinks in his heart, so is he.Proverbs 23:7
Romans 12 : 1-2Romans 12 : 1-2
I therefore urge you, brothers, in view of God's mercies, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices that are holy and pleasing to God, for this is the your spiritual act of worship.
Do not be conformed to this world, but continually be transformed by the renewing of your minds so that you may be able to determine what God's will is-what is proper, pleasing, and perfect.
1 Peter 1:13-151 Peter 1:13-15 Therefore, prepare your minds for action,
keep a clear head, and set your hope completely on the grace to be given you when Jesus Christ is revealed. As obedient children, do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance,
but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct.
Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and taking every thought captive to the obedience of Christ
2 Corinthians 10:52 Corinthians 10:5
• The Holy Spirit is perfect, We are not• New creation, but no brain transplant.• DM is the key Spiritual Discipline• Specific strategies for everything, but usually a
vague one for DM• Nobody ever teaches us mechanics about
decision-making skills. • Bible squeezed by Science
There is a strategy to There is a strategy to transform!transform!
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SPEARSSPEARS• All the elements• Right sequence• Requires thought• Requires intention• Requires practice
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
StimuliStimuli• Stimuli is anything
that acts on or mobilizes your coping mechanisms
• All stimuli is neutral
• God is sovereign
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
What word do you see?What word do you see?
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TestTest
• How many squares are there?
• Hint: What is the most important question?
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Perception ExercisePerception Exercise
• Things are not always as they seem: 84!
• Assumptions• Jumping to
conclusions• Knee-jerk reactions
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PerceptionPerception• Perception is what really
drives the decision-making process
• Subconscious• We are usually unaware of
perception because it occurs so fast in the decision-making process
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
71
PerceptionPerception• Satan gets to us as early as
possible, when we are most gullible
• Our brains our easily influenced as kids (neuroplasticity)
• Relationships• Maturity is seeing life clearly
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
73
FiltersFilters
EmotionsEmotions
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God has lots of God has lots of emotions!emotions!
• Anger – Mat 23, Mark 3, John 2, 2 Kings 24• Jealousy – Exodus 20, Deut 6• Sad/Wept – Luke 19, John 11, Heb 5• Troubled – John 12• Forsaken – Matt 27• Abandoned – Matt 27• Tempted – Matt 4• Worried – Luke 22
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EmotionEmotion• Warning system• Not a decision-
making system
• Distort reality• Court• Doctors
• Volume Buttons
• Solomon(1 Kings 11)Copyright 2012 - Lighthouse
Network78
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
Stimuli
AssessmentAssessment• Options• Pros and Cons
• Weigh pros and cons using the filters (GPT, GPN, LDO, C, M)– SMB Damage/growth– Motivators
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
80
ResponseResponse• We need a relationship
with God • We need to put on the
Armor of God• Is this helping me or
others become more Christ-like?
• WWJD?• Mark 12:30
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
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Summary ThoughtSummary Thought• After review of each
element• Celebrate our successes,
and learn from our failures• Are my responses working• Heart Change• Self-reflection and
assessment is paramount• Autopsy
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Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
83
Driving Force for DysfunctionDriving Force for Dysfunction
Stimuli
Perception
Emotion
Assessment
Response
Summary Thought
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Deconstruction/Deconstruction/ReconstructionReconstruction
• Retrospective - Autopsy• Journaling• Thinking about it more – then real time
use• Skills need Practice• Behavioral Change• Examination of Heart• Heart Change leads to Real
Transformation• Motivators for Change
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• We all have pain and develop dysfunctional patterns to cope – addictions (SMB)
• To understand and renew the mind we must look at all 3 spheres - God’s design– Science and religion: DM is the meeting place
• Decision making is the exercise for the brain– Grows all 3 spheres SMB
• You can use and teach SPEARS strategy for every decision in life to treat almost anything– Slow life down, Reflect, Every Thought
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Key PointsKey Points
Lighthouse Network Lighthouse Network HelplineHelpline
• Finds addiction and MH treatment options.• Expertise about all elements of the system• Free to client• Saves the clinician incredible amounts of time• We find great options for struggling people
877-562-2565 x:101
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LighthouseLighthouse NETWORK NETWORK ResourcesResources
• Within Reach: Disciplines for Real Life Change– 10+ Hours of DVD– 140 Page Workbook
• Edging Forward: Godly Decision Making • Parenting: Early Childhood and Teens (DVD)• Can Psych Meds Help Christians? (DVD)• Addiction: Sin vs. Disease DVD• [email protected]• www.LighthouseNetwork.org• Stepping Stones Daily Devotional - Free
Any Questions?Any Questions?
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