Addiction / AlcoholMr. BowerHealth Education

List on the Whiteboard what people get addicted to.

Addiction video Teenage Brain chemistry article

How it all starts

Addiction usually starts when a person does something he or she thinks will bring pleasure or help avoid pain. He or she becomes increasingly dependent on the behavior, as tolerance develops-the person needs more of the desired behavior to feel the same effect.

And then……. Any substance OR activity that becomes the focus of a person’s life at the expense of other needs and interests can be damaging to health.

THE ADDICTION CYCLETolerance- needing more and

more to reach the same effect

Psychological Dependence a condition in which a person believes that a

substance is needed in order to feel good or to function normally.

Psychological signals: use of drugs or alcohol as a way to forget problems or to

relax withdrawal or keeping secrets from family and friends loss of interest in activities that used to be important problems with schoolwork, such as slipping grades or

absences changes in friendships, such as hanging out only with

friends who use drugs spending a lot of time figuring out how to get drugs stealing or selling belongings to be able to afford drugs failed attempts to stop taking drugs or drinking anxiety, anger, or depression mood swings

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Physiological Dependence

a condition in which the user has a chemical need for the substance.

Physical signals: changes in sleeping habits feeling shaky or sick when trying to stop needing to take more of the substance

to get the same effect changes in eating habits, including

weight loss or gain

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Addiction can be psychological or physiological.

Withdrawal - may occur when a person stops using the drug on which he or she can become dependent on.

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Addictive Behaviors

ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORSHabits that have gotten out of control, with a resulting negative impact on a person’s life.

5 CHARACTERISTICS OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS1. Reinforcement- some aspects of the

behavior produce pleasurable physical and/or emotional states or relieve negative ones to reinforce the behavior.

2. Compulsion or Craving -individual feels a strong compulsion-compelling need to engage in the behavior, often accompanied by obsessive planning for the next opportunity to perform it.

5 CHARACTERISTICS OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS

3. Loss of Control- individual loses control over the behavior and cannot block the impulse to engage in it. He or she may deny that the behavior is problematic or may have tried but failed to control it.

5 CHARACTERISTICS OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS4. Escalation- more and more of a

particular substance or activity is required to produce its desired effects.

5. Negative Consequences- problems with academic or job performance , personal relationships, and health.

Teenagers responses stay at the limbic system while adults move to the prefrontal cortex.

Emotional (E) = Limbic Intellectual (I) = Pre-Frontal Cortex

“Drunkenness is nothing but voluntary

madness”

~Seneca

What do you know about Alcohol?

Click the beer bottle below to take a T/F quiz on your practical knowledge of ALCOHOL.

Musicians who died an alcohol related death Amy Winehouse – Alcohol Poisoning

John Bonham - 1948-1980 Died of choking on his own vomit after drinking vodka. Steve Clark - 1960-1991 Died of mixing alcohol and prescription pills (morpheine, valium, codeine) Jimi Hendrix - 1942-1970 Died of choking on his own vomit after drinking alcohol and eating barbituates. Bon Scott - 1946-1980 Died of acute alcohol poisoning Stuart Cable - Stereophonics- 2010- Died of choking on his own vomit.

Ron “Pigpen” Mckernan– Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Jack Kerouac – Internal Bleeding

Alcohol and TeensAlcohol is related to over ½ of all teen

deaths each year

Alcohol is a factor in many unplanned pregnancies, STD transmissions, Dating violence, rapes and suicides

Nearly 5 million problem drinkers in the US are between the ages of 14-17 years old.

What is Alcohol?Drug that slows down the central

nervous system

Known as a DEPRESSANT Depresses (slow down) your:

Heart rate Breathing rate Reflexes Neural Functions

The affects of alcohol are influenced by:

1. Gender

2. Age3. Weight

4. Mood

5. Physical health

6.Strength of drink

7.Amount of food eaten (before drinking)

8.Fatigue (before)

9.Speed of consumption

10. Other medicines taken

What is a drink?

A standard drink is: One 12-ounce

bottle of beer* or wine cooler

One 5-ounce glass of wine

1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits.

How Much Alcohol is in a Product?

• Proof: • Amount of alcohol in

a drink• Double the percent of

alcohol.• Ex. 20% Alcohol = • 40 proof

• Drinks and Averages• Beer: 3-7% Alcohol• Wines: 12-14%

Alcohol• Wine cooler: 1.5-6%

Alcohol• Liquors: 40% Alcohol

Refusal Skills Developing good self-esteem Have good eye contact Respond with a clear and firm "no" that does not

leave the door open to future offers How you say no is as important as what you say.

Refusal Skills

Identify the consequences ("We'll get in trouble.")

Suggest an alternative Delaying Use humor Just say no

Effects on BodyAlcohol affects all areas of the brain. (Reward system, Cortex (Thinking/Senses) and Brain Stem (Breathing/HR)

Kidneys are poisoned as they filter alcohol from the blood

Alcohol increases acid production in stomach. Leads to ulcers over time.

Liver is responsible for breaking down alcohol. While it is working, it is being poisoned.

Alcohol decreases calcium absorption. Bone loss occurs.

Good/Healthy Liver

Bad/Unhealthy Liver

Long-term Effects of Alcohol on the Body

1. To the Brain – Addiction – inability to stop drinking Loss of verbal skills, memory Major brain damage2. Cardiovascular Changes Damage to the heart muscle Enlarged heart – from increased workload

caused by alcohol High blood pressure – can cause heart

attack/stroke

Long term effects3. Liver problems – Fatty liver – fats build up and cannot be broken

down – excess fat blocks the flow of blood to liver cells, leading to cell death

Cirrhosis – liver tissue is replaced with useless scar tissue. This disease can lead to liver failure and death.

Alcohol’s effect on the body

4. Digestive system Irritation – digestive lining is damaged; can

lead to stomach ulcers and cancer of the stomach and esophagus

5. Pancreas Problems Chemicals begin to destroy the pancreas,

causing pain, vomiting, and can lead to death

Other Problems With Drinking Alcohol

Alcohol is a toxin. Toxin: a substance that is poisonous (To all parts of

body) Blackouts

A period in which a person cannot remember what has happened.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) The presence of severe birth defects in babies born to

mother who drink alcohol during pregnancy. Babies with FAS may have small eye slits, small

head, and retarded physical and mental growth. Leading cause of mental retardation.

Alcohol and Pregnancy• No level of alcohol use during pregnancy has

been proven safe

• Each year between 5,300 and 8,000 babies in the United States are born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), a combination of physical and mental birth defects –leading known cause for mental retardation

• Alcohol is the third leading cause for non-genetic handicapping of infants in America – small head, deformities of the face, hands, feet, internal organs, hearing, vision

• Many babies with FAS also have a brain that is small and abnormally formed, and most have some degree of mental disability. Many have poor coordination and a short attention span and exhibit behavioral problems.

Alcohol and your BAC

Alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestines.

Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) The amount of

alcohol content found in your blood

The higher BAC, the more impairment occurs

Blood Alcohol Content and DUI

Legal Limit for Adult: .08 BAC

Underage Intoxication Limit: .02 BAC

Anything beyond is considered Driving Under the Influence (DUI)

Impairments BAC of .02= decision

making impaired.

BAC of .05= reasoning and judgment are impaired, decreased muscular coordination and reaction time.

BAC of .10= reasoning, judgment, self control, muscular coordination, and reaction time are seriously impaired.

BAC of .12= confused, disoriented, blurred vision, vomit.

BAC of .20= emotions are unpredictable, may pass out.

BAC of .30= little or no control over mind and body.

BAC of .40= unconscious and possible death

Questions for Discussion1. Just because it is legal, does having

a BAC below .08 make you safe?

2. Should a driver be able to have a blood alcohol content?

3. Should teens have a .02 BAC for DUI?

The disease of Alcoholism

Alcoholism Is a disease in which a person has a physical

and/or a psychological dependence on alcohol. Will show itself in different behaviors - violent,

aggressive, withdrawn, quiet Is a craving – he/she cannot manage stress

without the use Is a loss of control – he/she cannot limit his

drinking and is preoccupied with alcohol Is a Physical dependence – without alcohol, will

experience withdrawal symptoms

The disease of AlcoholismAn alcoholic will build a Tolerance to

alcohol - a need to drink increasingly greater amounts in order to feel its effects

An alcoholic will experience health/family, and legal problems – an alcoholic often suffers repeated injuries, receives multiple drunk driving citations, frequent arguments, poor relationships with family

An alcoholic may have a genetic link to alcoholism

The Stages of Alcoholism

Stage one – Abuse of alcohol. Use for

social, use to relax, use for stress management, leads to psychological dependence. Drinks and gets intoxicated regularly, blackouts, memory loss – known as the “problem drinker”

The Stages of Alcoholism Stage two – - Dependence – physically dependent on

alcohol, becomes central focus, tries to hide the problem, performance of job, school work, etc, suffers. Makes excuses and blames others.

The Stages of Alcoholism Stage 3 – - Final stage – drinking is the most

important thing in a person’s life. The person is addicted to the drug and his or her life is out of control, although frequently he/she does not realize or acknowledge this fact. Because the liver is damaged, less alcohol is required to produce intoxication. Severe withdrawal symptoms if alcoholic tries to stop

How Alcoholism effects Family and Society Major factor in the four leading causes of

accidental death – car accidents, falls, drowning, house fires

Plays a major role in violent crimes – homicide, forcible rape, robbery

40% of violent crimes are alcohol related 2/3’s of victims who encounter domestic violence

report that alcohol was a factor Nearly half of all homicide victims have alcohol in

their bloodstream Codependency – codependents learn to ignore

their own needs and focus their energy and emotions on the needs of the alcoholic

Treatment The process of learning to live an alcohol free

life is called recovery Approx. 2/3’s of all alcoholics who try to recover

are successful Many resources are available to help people

who have a drinking problem. Help is also available to the families and friends

Treatment Al-anon – helps family and friends of the

alcoholic Alcoholic anonymous – provides help for

the alcoholic Nat’l. Asso. For Children of Alcoholics –

provides help for children

In Class Activity Students form groups of 5

Each group should pair up with a second group

One group thinks about 5 reasons that teens give for drinking

The other group thinks about 12 reasons given for not drinking.

Combine together and have each person pressure someone from the other group using their lines.

True or False #1Drinking is not really that dangerous.

FALSE- 1 in 3 teens is admitted to the Emergency Room for intoxication.

Suicide, Drowning and homicides are also associated with alcohol.

True or False #2 Someone who doesn’t appear drunk

probably is not drunk.

FALSE- Many people, particularly those with alcohol problems, can drink a lot without showing signs of drunkenness

True or False #3 Beer and wine are safer than “hard”

liquors like whisky and gin.

FALSE- One standard serving of beer, wine or spirits contains the same

amount of alcohol.

True or False #4 I can drink and still be in control

FALSE- drinking impairs your judgment and increases your risk of doing something you would not

normally do.

Examples: Violence, Rape, Sexual Activity, Drinking and Driving

True or False #5When a person has a hangover, coffee

and a cold shower will sober him/her up.

FALSE- These do not speed up the liver’s ability to break down the

alcohol. It takes about 3 hours to eliminate the alcohol from 2 drinks

(Depending on weight)