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ADB and Inclusive SanitationWebinar 1: Taking a Fresh Look at How we Fix Sanitation
Norio SaitoDirector, Urban Development and Water Division, SARD (SAUW)
Asian Development Bank
The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author/s and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this presentation and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this presentation do not imply any view on ADB’s part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB’s terminology.
Southeast Asia $637 million
(3.3 million people)
East Asia$1,572 million
(26.1 million people)
South Asia$1,902 million
(16.4 million people)
Central and West Asia$729 million
(4 million people)
Pacific $68 million
(0.23 million people)
ADB Investments in Sanitation(in $ Million)
Sanitation investments equal 21% of total water portfolio.
Based on committed loans (2011–2020):Total Water Portfolio: $23.6 BillionTotal Sanitation Portfolio: $4.9 Billion= 50.03 Million People
Historical sanitation “fixes” were mostly on sewered/piped systems
13%
3%
1%
4%
5%
6%
10%
3%
9%
11%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ADB Sanitation Investments
189.47
443.11 635.97
314.39
525.07 535.59
301.33
794.47
246.92
…
28.74
12.51
7.09
12.03
29.97 33.68
33.02
24.56
23.53
79.83
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
($ m
illio
n)
Sewered Nonsewered
218.21
455.62
643.06
326.42
555.04569.27
334.36
819.03
270.45
716.99
ADB Non-sewered Sanitation Investments
Changing trends in investment landscape towards a more inclusive approach including non-sewered sanitation systems
Cumulative ADB investments in non-sewered sanitation systems and FSM since 2011 ($ million)
* Number of beneficiaries of sanitation investments committed by ADBbetween 2011-2020 which include both sewered and non-sewered sanitationsystems ($ 1.12 bn)
Investment Programs
• Total of $284.96 million investments (e.g., $2M grant component of Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Program)
• Supporting development of investment projects with most suitable holistic approach which includes non-networked systems
Piloting New Technologies
• Installing improved toilets and septic tanks in rural Mongolia, introducing desludging services for the first time
• Piloting solar septic tank in Cambodia• Piloting new toilet technology in
boathouses in Ton Le Sap Lake, Cambodia
Building Operators’ Capacity
• FSM-focused Water Operators Partnerships (WOPs) Programs in:
• 4 small towns in Nepal • 3 coastal towns in Bangladesh• Ger areas in Mongolia
Developing Policies and Standards
• Enacted Institutional and Regulatory Framework for Fecal Sludge Management in Small Towns in Nepal, 2017
• Developed Rajasthan state FSM Policy and Implementation Guideline, 2017• Formed the National Sanitation Group in Mongolia – ongoing dialogues to prepare
policies in FSM• Ongoing treated sludge initiatives in PRC, Mongolia and the Philippines• Support to the PRC Rural Revitalization program• Ongoing discussions in PNG for inclusion of FSM in investment pipeline
Improving Institutional Awareness
• Supporting knowledge sharing events such as trainings, master classes, FSM planning and dialogues
Five-pronged approach has been very effective in increasing non-networked investments
Critical improvements made towards citywide inclusive sanitation (CWIS) investments• Data-based system
optioneering
• Conscious inclusion and accounting of women and non-urban beneficiaries
• “Checklisting” what CWIS elements can be applied
South Asia projects incorporating CWIS
*ADB’s loan amount is indicated for ongoing projects. loan amount of pipeline projects TBD
Ongoing
• Third Urban Governance and Infrastructure Improvement Project (UGIIP-3) (original and additional financing) ($325M)
• Khulna Sewerage System Development Project ($160M)
Pipeline*
• Second Coastal towns Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project (2022)
• Integrated Urban Development Project (UGIIP-4) (2023)
Pipeline*
• Integrated water supply and sewage management Project (2023)
Ongoing
• Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project ($270M)
• Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project($300M)
Pipeline*
• Uttarakhand Integrated Urban Development Project (2021)
BANGLADESH NEPAL INDIA
BAN: Khulna Sewerage System Development Project
New Technologies
• Introduce the latest process method (e.g SBR) and 1.3-megawatt solar power system• Establish SCADA and a comprehensive GIS database linked with a computerized hydraulic model
Project Period
Nov 2020 – Dec 2027 (7 years)
Implementing Agency
Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (KWASA)
Investment • City-wide inclusive sanitation - establish both centralized sewerage system and FSTP
- two STPs (80 MLD), 269 km sewer network, and 27,000 property-level sewer connections- one FSTP (160 KLD), with KCC undertaking collection and transportation to the site, and KWASA
managing treatment
Scaling upCWIS
• ADB TA – Develop FSM master plan and/or strategic action plan in collaboration with BMGF
• Ensuing ADB investments – Expand sewer coverage and on-site sanitation
Building Capacity
• Enhance institutional capacity on sewerage services, including training programs and project management, facility-specific O&M manual and SCADA system
Amount and modality
TOTAL - $275 million
- ADB - $160 million- Government – $115 million
* ADB’s first intervention in Bangladesh’s sewerage sector.
Notes: BMGF = Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, CWIS = city-wide inclusive sanitation; FSM =fecal sludge management; FSTP = fecal sludge treatment plan; GIS = Geographicinformation system; KCC = Khulna City Corporation; KLD = kiloliters per day; KWASA =Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority; MLD = million liters per day; O&M =operation and maintenance; PPP = Public-Private Partnership; SBR = sequential batchreactors; SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition; STP = sewage treatment plan.
Developing Standards
• Formulate new sewerage tariff• Introduce at least 2 project proposals using PPP modality
Improving Awareness
• Develop sustainable and inclusive sanitation plan • Conduct sanitation and hygiene-awareness campaign
India – Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project
TOWARDS MODEL CWIS TOWN – RAJNAGAR MUNICIPALITY
OP4 OP6 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP5
Strategy: Planning non-sewered
sanitation solutions for the
excluded areas
100%64%0%
Thank you!