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• WHAT IS A TRAIT?
• WHAT ARE SOME TRAITS WE HAVE? WHY?
• WHAT ARE SOME TRAITS PLANTS
HAVE? WHY?
. . . a characteristic
Populations in a particular environment that are better adapted to living conditions there, and therefore are able to meet their survival needs, are more likely to survive and reproduce offspring with those traits.
• There are variations among species of similar populations.
• Organisms of a species differ from one another in many of their traits.
What do plants NEED to survive?
• SUNLIGHT
• WATER
• CARBON DIOXIDE
• OXYGEN
• MINERALS
PLANTS ANIMALS• need to reproduce
• need to avoid being eaten
• must be pollinated, and seeds must send out roots & grow
• need to attract a male & reproduce
• need to avoid being eaten
• need to care for and protect their young
What are ADAPTATIONS?
•Traits that help organisms meet
their basic needs & survive in their surroundings
Natural selection is the process that explains this survival and shows how species can change over time. For example, certain traits or adaptations involving color, camouflage, food gathering (beaks, claws) and other physical traits, sensory abilities, or behaviors enhance the survival of a species.
What adaptations does a SPIDER have to help him meet his needs?
http://www.saskschools.ca/~bcsch/adapt/spiders/pic1.html
What are some adaptations a WOODPECKER
has?
•Long, sturdy beak•Sharp claws•Sticky tongue•Tail•Builds a nest
DOES A TREE HAVE ADAPTATIONS TOO?
What is a STRUCTURAL ADAPTATION?
• Adaptations that affect an organism’s body parts or the way it is colored
• These are physical physical traitstraits that help an organism survive in its environment.
What structural adaptation does this KANGAROO have?
Colors are structural adaptations, too…
• Colors can:
– scare off enemies
– camouflage animals
– attract mates
–Warn a predator that “you” are poisonous
Animals that use MIMICRY
What is mimicry?
THIS MOTH CATERPILLAR DEFENDS ITSELF BY MIMICKING
A SNAKE
. . . imitating another organism
The one on the left is just a FLY and not a bee at all! It is just a mimic and it is hoping that it tricked you. Because after all, you probably
wouldn't be scared of a little old fly!
How do animals that use warning
coloration differ from animals that
use mimicry?
In what ways might bright colors increase danger for animals?
What is a Behavioral Adaptation?
• It’s an instinct
• It’s an inherited behavior that
helps an organism survive
• Things organisms do to
survive like . . .– Building a nest– Spinning a web
“I do a dance to tell my friends where to find the nectar-rich
flowers.”
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/Beekeeping/beedance.htm
What am I doing to protect
myself from enemies?
How do I survive the cold winters in the US and
Canada?
Quick Review• What are the needs of plants & animals?• What are adaptations?• What is the difference between structural &
behavioral adaptations?• What is mimicry?• What is warning coloration?• Give an example of an animal that adapts to
the environment using one type of these adaptations.
The Ability to Learnis a behavioral adaptation, too . . .
• Your ability to learn is an inherited behavior… your parents passed it on to you.
• What you actually learn is not inherited
Example: Teaching a dog to sit up & roll over…The dog did not inherit the knowledge & cannot pass it on to its puppies.
Can you think of another example?
What is the difference between…
Behavioral Adaptations & Learned Behaviors
•INSTINCTIVE •INHERITED•PASSED ON TO OFFSPRING
•NOT INHERITED •CAN’T PASS THEM ON