adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa ... · PDF filesamarTali arsebobs da xandaxan cnobilia, ... suflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb romis 1950 wlis 4 noembris ... adamianis uflebaTa

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli

sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli

saqarTvelos saqmeebze

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo

adamianis uflebaTa centri

Tbilisi

2011

2010 - 2011 wlebi

EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

JUDGMENTS v. GEORGIA

2010 - 2011 (October)

The Supreme Court Of Georgia

Human Rights Centre

Tbilisi

2011

krebuli Seadgina da daamuSava

TinaTin beJaSvilma

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos

adamianis uflebaTa centri

stilisti

T i n a T i n q o q r a S v i l i

dizaini

m a r i k a m a R a l a S v i l i

The Collection was compiled and elaborated in the

Human Rights Centre of the Supreme Court of Georgia by

TINATIN BEZHASHVILI

Style Editor

TINATIN KOKRASHVILI

Designed by

MARIKA MAGHALASHVILI

s a r C e v i

winasityvaoba ................................................................................................................. 7

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTadacvis konvenciis me-14 oqmi ................................................................................... 9

klaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ....................................... 17

cincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ...................................................................... 26

enuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ........................................... 33

saRinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ........................................................................ 46

WiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg ........................................................................ 56

xaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg .......................................... 63

goginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg .............................................................. 70

PREFACE

Preface ............................................................................................................................... 8

Protocol No.14 of the European Convention of Human Rights ..................................... 9

Case of Klaus and Yuri Kiladze v. Georgia .................................................................... 17

Case of Tsintsabadze v. Georgia ..................................................................................... 26

Case of Enukidze and Girgvliani v.Georgia .................................................................... 33

Case of Saghinadze v. Georgia .......................................................................................... 46

Case of Chichinadze v. Georgia ........................................................................................ 56

Case of Khaindrava and Dzamashvili v. Georgia ............................................................ 63

Case of Goginashvili v. Georgia ....................................................................................... 70

w i n a s i t y v a o b a

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo tradiciulad ganagrZobs saqarTvelossaqmeebze strasburgis sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa yovelwliuri krebuligamocemas. winamdebare krebulSi Sesulia 2010 da 2011 wlebSi ganxilulisaqmeebi.

amas garda, krebuls Tan erTvis adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad Tavi-suflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-14 oqmi, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2010 wlis1 ivnisidan. me-14 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvla warmoadgens mniSvnelovan nabijs sa-samarTlos efeqtianobis gaumjobesebis da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis Tval-sazrisiT evropaSi. me-14 oqmi strasburgis sasamarTlos saSualebas miscemsmeti yuradReba mimarTos saqmeebze, romlebic wamoWris adamianis uflebaTadacvis mniSvnelovan problemebs, raTa man SeZlos, misi rolis ufro efeq-turad Sesruleba.

me-14 oqmi sasamarTlos reformirebas axorcielebs Semdegnairad:

aZlierebs mis qmedunarianobas aSkarad dausabuTebeli ganacxadebisgafiltvrisas;

awesebs misaRebobis axal kriteriums im ganacxadebze, romlebSic mom-Civnebs ar ganucdiaT sagrZnobi ziani;

nergavs saCivrebis ganxilvis efeqtur RonisZiebebs, romlebic exebaiseT sakiTxebs, romelTaTvisac ukve myarad dadgenili precedentulisamarTali arsebobs da xandaxan cnobilia, rogorc analogi saqmeebi.

aseve, reformis damatebiT mizans warmoadgens gadawyvetilebaTa aRsru-lebaze meTvalyureobisas evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis rolis gaZ-liereba.

winamdebare gamocema miznad isaxavs, yvela dainteresebul pirs mieces sa-qarTvelosTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebis gacnobis saSualeba. kre-bulSi warmodgenilia 7 ganCineba, romelTagan 6 saqmeze adamianis uflebaTaevropulma sasamarTlom daadgina, rom dairRva adamianis uflebaTa da Ziri-Tad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi, xolo 1saqmeze miiCnia, rom ar darRveula aRniSnuli konvenciis muxlebi.

yvela is gadawyvetileba, romelic miRebulia saqarTvelosTan mimarTebiT,umniSvnelovanesia Cveni qveynisaTvis da saWiroa jerovani yuradRebis ga-maxvileba, radgan erovnuli sasamarTloebisaTvis ara mxolod mizanSewonili,aramed aucilebelicaa, konvenciasTan erTad, evropuli sasamarTlos prece-dentuli samarTlis gamoyeneba.

1 rac Seexeba 2011 wlis saqmeebs, krebulSi Sevida mxolod oqtombramde ganxiluli ganCinebebi.

8www.supremecourt.ge

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli saqarTvelos saqmeebzeadamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli saqarTvelos saqmeebzeadamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli saqarTvelos saqmeebzeadamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli saqarTvelos saqmeebzeadamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ganCinebaTa krebuli saqarTvelos saqmeebze

P R E F A C E

Human Rights Centre of the Supreme Court of Georgia published the third annual editionof European Court of Human Rights judgments concerning Georgia. The presentpublication contains the judgments from 2010 till 2011 (October).

Besides, this edition includes also Protocol No.14 of the European Convention, whichentered into force on June 1, 2010 and introduced some amendments of functioning andfuture objectives to the European Court. The entry into force of Protocol No. 14 representsa crucial step in improving the effectiveness of the Court and the protection of humanrights in Europe. The Convention establishes the foundations of a common legal spaceacross Europe. Protocol 14 will permit the Court to concentrate more on cases that raiseimportant human rights issues, so it can play its role most effectively.

Protocol No. 14 reforms the Court’s procedures by:

Reinforcing its filtering capacity to deal with clearly inadmissible applications;

Establishing a new admissibility criterion concerning cases in which the applicanthas not suffered a significant disadvantage;

Introducing measures for dealing more efficiently with applications related to issuesfor which a well-established case law exists, sometimes known as repetitive cases.

Another objective of the reform is to strengthen the role of the Council of EuropeCommittee of Ministers when supervising the execution of the judgments.

There are 7 judgments presented in this publication, where in 6 of them the Europeancourt of Human Rights ruled out that there were some violations of the certain articles ofthe Convention and only in one case the Court established no violation of the Convention.

All these judgments about Georgia are to the utmost important for our country and eachof them must be treated with due attention by national courts, for it is not only expedient,but necessary to exercise the European Court’s Case Law together with the Convention.


adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis oqmi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis oqmi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis oqmi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis oqmi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis oqmi #1414141414

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTadTavisuflebaTa

dacvis konvenciis oqmi #14

konvenciis sazedamxedvelo sistemaSiSesworebebis Setanis Sesaxeb

preambula

evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebi, adamianis uflebebisa da ZiriTadi Tavi-suflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb romis 1950 wlis 4 noembris konvenciis (SemdgomSikonvencia) winamdebare oqmis xelmomwerebi,

iTvaliswineben ra romSi 2000 wlis 3-4 noembers Catarebul adamianis ufleba-Ta Sesaxeb evropis ministerialis konferenciaze miRebul N#1 rezoluciasda deklaracias;

Sesabamisad, iTvaliswineben ra 2001 wlis 8 noembers, 2002 wlis 7 noembers da2003 wlis 15 maiss ministrTa komitetis 109-e, 111-e da 112-e sesiebze miRebuldeklaraciebs;

iTvaliswineben ra 2004 wlis 28 aprils evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleismier miRebul #251(2004) mosazrebas;

iTvaliswineben ra konvenciis garkveuli debulebebis Sesworebis ukiduresaucileblobas, raTa xangrZlivi vadiT SenarCundes da gaumjobesdes saze-damxedvelo sistemis efeqturoba, gansakuTrebiT evropis sabWos adamianisuflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos da ministrTa komitetis samuSaos mudmivizrdis fonze;

iTvaliswineben ra, gansakuTrebiT, evropaSi adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sfe-roSi sasamarTlos mier mniSvnelovani rolis Sesrulebis saWiroebas,

SeTanxmdnen Semdegze:

muxli 1

konvenciis 22-e muxlis me-2 punqti unda gauqmdes.

muxli 2

konvenciis 23-e muxli unda Seswordes Semdegnairad:

`muxli 23 _ Tanamdebobaze yofnis vadebi da daTxovna

1. mosamarTleebi airCevian 9 wlis vadiT. ar SeiZleba maTi xelaxali arCeva.

2. mosamarTleTa Tanamdebobaze yofnis vada iwureba, rodesac isini aRwe-ven 70 wlis asaks.



3. mosamarTleebi Tanamdebobaze rCebian maT Secvlamde. amasTan, isini ga-agrZeleben muSaobas im saqmeebze, romlebic ukve iyo maTi ganxilvis qveS.

4. dauSvebelia mosamarTleTa daTxovna samsaxuridan, garda im SemTxvevi-sa, rodesac sxva mosamarTleebi xmaTa ori mesamedis umravlesobiT ga-dawyveten, rom igi veRar akmayofilebs aucilebel moTxovnebs~.

muxli 3

konvenciis 24-e muxli unda gauqmdes.

muxli 4

konvenciis 25 muxli unda gaxdes 24-e muxli da misi teqsti unda SeswordesSemdegnairad:

`muxli 24 _ registratura da iuridiuli samdivnoebi

1. sasamarTlos unda hqondes registratura, romlis funqciebi da organi-zacia ganisazRvreba sasamarTlos reglamentiT.

2. erTi mosamarTlis mier saqmis ganxilvisas sasamarTlos unda daexmaroniuridiuli samdivnoebi, romlebic eqvemdebarebian sasamarTlos Tav-mjdomares, isini warmoadgenen sasamarTlos registraturis nawils.~

muxli 5

konvenciis 26-e muxli unda gaxdes 25-e muxli (`plenaruli sasamarTlo~) damisi teqsti unda Seswordes Semdegnairad:

1. `d~ punqtis bolos mZime unda Seicvalos wertil-mZimeTi da sityva `da~unda gauqmdes.

2. è~ punqtis bolos wertili unda Seicvalos wertil-mZimeTi.

3. unda daematos axali `f~ punqti, romelic Semdegnairad waikiTxeba: `f) wa-radgens nebismier moTxovnas me-20 muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad~.

muxli 6

konvenciis 27-e muxlma unda gadainacvlos 26-e muxlis adgilze, misi teqstiunda Seswordes da unda ikiTxebodes Semdegnairad:

`muxli 26_ erTi mosamarTlis sistema, komitetebi, palatebi da didi palata

1. sasamarTloSi warmodgenili saqmeebi ganixileba erTi mosamarTlis, samimosamarTlisagan Semdgari komitetis, Svidi mosamarTlisagan Semdgaripalatis da Cvidmeti mosamarTlisagan Semdgari didi palatis mier. sasa-



marTlos palatebma komitetebi unda Seqmnan gansazRvruli vadiT.

2. plenaruli sasamarTlos moTxovniT, ministrTa komitets SeuZlia erTsu-lovani gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad da gansazRvruli vadiT xuT wevramdeSeamciros mosamarTleTa raodenoba palatebSi.

3. roca sxdoma mihyavs erT mosamarTles, mas ar SeuZlia ganixilos raimeganacxadi im maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris winaaRmdeg, romelTan dakavSi-rebiTac es mosamarTle iqna arCeuli.

4. ex officio wevris statusiT palataSi da did palataSi Seva is mosamarTle,romelic maRali xelSemkvreli mxarisaTvis iqneba arCeuli. Tu aseTi ara-vinaa an Tu am mosamarTles ar Seswevs amis unari, mosamarTlis movaleobaunda Seasrulos pirma, romelic mxareebis mier winaswar warmodgenili si-idan sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris mier aris arCeuli.

5. didi palatis SemadgenlobaSi aseve unda iyvnen sasamarTlos Tavmjdoma-re, vice-Tavmjdomare, palatebis Tavmjdomareebi da danarCeni mosamar-Tleebi, romlebic arCeulni arian sasamarTlos reglamentis Tanaxmad.rodesac saqme gansaxilvelad gadaecema did palataSi 43-e muxlis Tanax-mad, didi palatis sxdomaSi monawileobas ver miiRebs gadawyvetilebis ga-momtani palatis verc erTi mosamarTle, garda palatis Tavmjdomarisada mosamarTlisa im saxelmwifodan, romelic mxarea mocemul saqmeSi.~

muxli 7

26-e muxlis Semdeg konvenciaSi Setanil unda iqnes axali 27-e muxli, rome-lic unda ikiTxebodes Semdegnairad:

`muxli 27 _ erTi mosamarTlis uflebamosileba

1. erT mosamarTles SeuZlia miuReblad gamoacxados, an 34-e muxlis Tanax-mad, sasamarTlos saqmeTa siidan amoiRos warmodgenili ganacxadi, rocamsgavsi gadawyvetileba SeiZleba miRebul iqnes Semdgomi ganxilvis uf-lebis gareSe.

2. gadawyvetileba unda iyos saboloo.

3. Tu saqmis erTpirovnulad ganmxilveli mosamarTle ar gamoacxadebs ga-nacxads dauSveblad an ar amoricxavs mas, maSin man unda waradginos is ko-mitetSi an palataSi Semdgomi ganxilvisaTvis.~

muxli 8

konvenciis 28-e muxli unda Seswordes da unda ikiTxebodes Semdegnairad:

`muxli 28 _ komitetebis uflebmosileba

1. 34-e muxlis Tanaxmad warmodgenil ganacxadTan mimarTebaSi, komitets Se-



uZlia erTxmad

a. gamoacxados is miuReblad an amoiRos saqmeTa siidan, Tu amgvari ga-dawyvetilebis miReba SesaZlebelia Semdgomi ganxilvis gareSe: an

b. gamoacxados is misaRebad da amave dros gamoitanos gadawyvetilebasaqmis arsidan gamomdinare, Tu saqmis ZiriTadi sakiTxi, konvenciis anoqmebis gamoyenebasTan an ganmartebasTan dakavSirebiT ukve warmo-adgens sasamarTlos mier warmatebiT dafuZnebul precedentuli sa-marTls.

2. dadgenilebebi da gadawyvetilebebi 1-li punqtis Tanaxmad saboloo undaiyos.

1. 3. Tu Sesabamisi maRali xelSemkvreli saxelmwifodan arCeuli mosamar-Tle ar aris komitetis wevri, komitets SeuZlia, samarTalwarmoebis ne-bismier etapze miiwvios es mosamarTle komitetSi erT-erTi wevris adgi-lis dasakaveblad, yvela Sesabamisi faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT, maT So-ris, sadavod xdida Tu ara mxare 1-li muxlis `b~ qvepunqtiT gansazRvru-li proceduris gamoyenebas.~

muxli 9


1. 1-li punqti unda Seswordes da unda ikiTxebodes Semdegnairad: `Tu dad-genileba ar aris miRebuli 27-e an 28-e muxlebis Tanaxmad, an gadawyveti-leba ar aris gamotanili 28-e muxlis Tanaxmad, palatam unda gadawyvitos34-e muxlis Tanaxmad warmodgenili individualuri ganacxadebis dasaS-veboba da saqmis arsi. gancxadebis dasaSvebobis Taobaze gamotanil undaiqnes calke gadawyvetileba~.

2. me-2 punqtis bolos unda daematos axali winadadeba, romelic unda ikiT-xebodes Semdegnairad: `ganacxadis dasaSvebobis Taobaze miRebul undaiqnas calke gadawyvetileba, garda gamonaklisi SemTxvevisa, roca sasa-marTlo sxvagvarad gadawyvets~.

3. me-3 punqti unda gauqmdes.

muxli 10

konvenciis 31-e muxli unda Seswordes Semdegi saxiT:

1. à~ qvepunqtis bolos unda amoiSalos sityva `da”;

2. `b~ qvepunqti unda gaxdes `c~ qvepunqti da unda Caematos axali `b~ qvepun-qti, romelic unda ikiTxebodes Semdegi saxiT:

`b) gamoitans gadawyvetilebas ministrTa komitetis mier sasamarTlosaT-



vis gadagzavnil sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT 46-e muxlis me-4 punqtis Ta-naxmad; da”

muxli 11


1-li punqtis bolos unda daisvas mZime da ricxvi 46 unda Caisvas 34-is Semdeg.

muxli 12

konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 punqti unda Seswordes da unda ikiTxebodes Sem-degnairad:

`3. sasamarTlom unda gamoacxados miuReblad nebismieri individualuri ga-nacxadi, romelic warmodgenilia 34-e muxlis Tanaxmad, Tu:

a. ganacxadi SeuTavsebelia konvenciis an misi oqmebis debulebebTan, aS-karad usafuZvloa an warmoadgens individualuri ganacxadiT mimar-Tvis uflebis borotad gamoyenebas: an

b. Tu ganmcxadebels ar ganucdia mniSvnelovani ziani, garda im SemTxve-vebisa, rodesac adamianis uflebaTa dacvis interesebi konvenciisa daoqmebis Sesabamisad moiTxovs ganacxadis arsebiTad ganxilvas da ase-ve imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom dauSvebelia zemoaRniSnuli safuZvliTuaris Tqma romelime saqmis ganxilvaze, romelic Sida sasamarTlos mi-er safuZvlianad ar aris Seswavlili.

muxli 13

konvenciis 36-e muxls unda daematos axali me-3 punqti, romelic unda ikiT-xebodes Semdegnairad:

`3. yvela SemTxvevaSi, evropis sabWos adamianis uflebebis komisars SeuZliapalatas an didi palatas warudginos werilobiTi SeniSvnebi da monawile-oba miiRos saqmis ganxilvaSi.

muxli 14


`muxli 38 _ saqmis ganxilva

sasamarTlom saqme unda ganixilos mxareebis warmomadgenelebTan erTad da,saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, daiwyos gamoZieba, romlis efeqturad CatarebisaT-vis dainteresebulma maRalma xelSemkvrelma mxareebma sasamarTlo unda uz-runvelyon yvela aucilebeli pirobiT~.



muxli 15


`muxli 39 _ saqmis megobrulad gadawyveta

1. saqmiswarmoebis nebismier etapze, sasamarTlos SeuZlia ixelmZRvanelosdainteresebul mxareTa surviliT, uzrunvelyon saqmis megobrulad ga-dawyveta, adamianis uflebaTa pativiscemis safuZvelze, rogorc es dad-genilia konvenciaSi da mis oqmebSi.

2. 1-li punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli saqmiswarmoeba konfidencialuri undaiyos.

3. saqmis megobrulad gadawyvetis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom saqme unda amo-iRos siidan gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, romelic unda Semoifargle-bodes faqtebis da miRweuli gadawyvetilebis mokle aRweriT.

4. es gadawyvetileba unda gadaegzavnos ministrTa komitets, romelic ga-naxorcielebs saqmis megobruli gadawyvetilebis pirobebis Sesruleba-ze meTvalyureobas.

muxli 16

konvenciis 46-e muxli unda Seswordes Semdegnairad

`muxli 46 _ sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis savaldebulo Zala daaRsruleba

1. maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi valdebulebas iReben aRasrulon sasamar-Tlos saboloo gadawyvetileba yvela im saqmesTan dakavSirebiT, romlismxareebsac isini warmoadgenen.

2. sasamarTlos saboloo gadawyvetileba unda gadaegzavnos ministrTa ko-mitets, romelic ganaxorcielebs meTvalyureobas mis aRsrulebaze.

3. Tu ministrTa komiteti miiCnevs, rom sasamarTlos saboloo gadawyveti-lebis aRsruleba yovndeba gadawyvetilebis ganmartebasTan dakavSire-buli problemis gamo, mas SeuZlia gadawyvetileba ganmartebisaTvis ga-daugzavnos sasamarTlos. amgvari gadawyvetilebis miRebisTvis saWiroakomitetis uflebamosili wevrebis xmaTa ori-mesamedis umravlesoba.

4. Tu ministrTa komiteti miiCnevs, rom maRali xelSemkvreli mxare uars am-bobs sasamarTlos mier im saqmesTan dakavSirebiT gamotanili saboloogadawyvetilebis aRsrulebaze, romlis mxaresac warmoadgens igi, komi-tets SeuZlia am mxarisaTvis formaluri Setyobinebis Semdeg da komite-tis uflebamosili warmomadgenlebis xmaTa ori-mesamedis umravlesobiTmiRebuli gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze mimarTos sasamarTlos SekiTxviT_ daarRvia Tu ara mxarem 1-li punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebuleba.



5. Tu sasamarTlo aRmoaCens 1-li punqtis darRvevas, man saqme unda gadas-ces ministrTa komitets misaRebi zomebis ganxilvis mizniT. Tu sasamar-Tlo ver aRmoaCens 1-li punqtis darRvevas, man saqme unda gadasces minis-trTa komitets, romelmac unda Sewyvitos saqmis ganxilva”.

muxli 17

konvenciis 59-e muxli unda Seswordes Semdegnairad

1. unda daematos me-2 punqti, romelic unda ikiTxebodes Semdegnairad:

`2. evropis kavSirs SeuZlia miuerTdes am konvencias~

2. me-2, me-3 da me-4 punqtebi Sesabamisad unda gaxdnen me-3, me-4 da me-5 pun-qtebi.

daskvniTi da gardamavali debulebebi

muxli 18

1. es oqmi Riaa xelmosawerad evropis sabWos konvenciis xelmomweri wevre-bisaTvis, romelTa Tanxmobac am oqmis savaldebulod aRiarebis TaobazeSeiZleba gamoixatos:

a. xelmoweriT ratifikaciasTan, mierTebasTan an damtkicebasTan dakav-SirebiT daTqmebis gakeTebis gareSe; an

b. xelmoweriT ratifikaciis, mierTebis an damtkicebis pirobiT, romel-sac mohyveba ratifikacia, mierTeba an damtkiceba.

2. ratifikaciis, mierTebis an damtkicebis dokumentebi deponirdeba evro-pis sabWos generalur mdivanTan.

muxli 19

oqmi ZalaSi Seva im samTviani periodis momdevno Tvis pirvel dRes, romlisaTvlac daiwyeba im dRidan, rodesac konvenciis monawileebi gamoTqvamen Tan-xmobas am oqmis savaldebulobaze, me-19 muxlis debulebebis Sesabamisad.

muxli 20

1. am oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlis dRidan, misi debulebebi gamoiyeneba yvela ganac-xadis mimarT, romlis ganxilvac mimdinareobs sasamarTloSi, aseve sasa-marTlos yvela gadawyvetilebaze, romlis aRsrulebaze meTvalyureo-bas axorcielebs ministrTa komiteti.

2. am oqmis me-12 muxlis safuZvelze konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 (b) punqtSiCamatebuli dasaSvebobis axali kriteriumebi ar gamoiyeneba im ganacxa-debis mimarT, romlebic gamocxadnen dasaSvebad am oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlam-



de. am oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlidan 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi, dasaSvebobis axali kri-teriumebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes mxolod palatebis da didi pala-tis mier.

muxli 21

im mosamarTleebis Tanamdebobaze yofnis vada, romlebic am oqmis ZalaSi Ses-vlis droisaTvis msaxuroben pirveli vadiT ipso jure unda gagrZeldes imgva-rad, rom Seadginos mTliani cxrawliani vada. sxva mosamarTleebi daasrule-ben TavianT vadas, romlebic ipso jure unda gagrZeldes 2 wlis vadiT.

muxli 22

evropis sabWos generalurma mdivanma unda Seatyobinos evropis sabWos wev-rebs:

a) nebismieri xelmoweris;

b) ratifikaciis, mierTebis an damtkicebis dokumentis nebismieri depo-nirebis;

c) am oqmis me-20 muxlis Sesabamisad ZalaSi Sesvlis; da

d) am oqmTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri aqtis, gancxadebis an Setyobine-bis Sesaxeb.

amis dasturad saTanadod uflebamosilma pirebma xeli moaweres am oqms.

Sesrulebulia strasburgSi, 2004 wlis 13 maiss, inglisur da frangul enebze,orive teqsti Tanabrad auTenturia, romelTa TiTo aslic deponirdeba ev-ropis sabWos arqivSi. evropis sabWos generalurma mdivanma unda gadaugzav-nos am oqmis damowmebuli aslebi evropis sabWos TiToeul wevr saxelmwifos.


klaus da iuri kilaZeebisaqarTvelos winaaRmdeg1

Case of Klaus and Yuri Kiladze v. Georgia (#7975/06)

2006 wlis 22 Tebervals klaus da iuri kilaZeebma ganacxadiT mimarTesstrasburgSi adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da Zi-riTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabami-sad.

2010 wlis 2 Tebervals sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#7975/06) da eq-vsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg daadgina, rom darRveulia konvenciis pirvelioqmis I muxli.

saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebi

1937 wlis 2 oqtombers, sabotaJisa da terorisaTvis gasamarTlebis Semdeg,ganmcxadeblebis mama daxvrites. 1938 wlis 7 noembers sabWoTa xelisufle-bis damxobisaTvis agitacia-propagandis braldebiT ganmcxadebelTa dedasrva wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miusajes da gadaasaxles sabWoTa kavSirisukiduresi CrdiloeTiT mdebare specialuri `gulagis~ sapatimro banakSi.

TbilisSi mdebare sacxovrebel saxlSi marto darCenil ganmcxadeblebs, rom-lebic maSin 12 da 10 wlisani iyvnen, dapatimrebis SiSiT verc erTi mezobeliver ekareboda. Tavdapirvelad, Tve-naxevris ganmavlobaSi, ganmcxadeblebimoaTavses Tbilisis bavSvTa mimRebSi. iq arsebuli cudi kvebisa da sibinZurisgamo, ganmcxadeblebi tifiT daavaddnen. amis Semdeg Zmebi, sabWoTa kavSirisSinagan saqmeTa samxedro komisris 1937 wlis 15 agvistos brZanebis safuZvel-ze, saqarTvelodan ruseTSi, stavropolis regionSi, udedmamo bavSvTa Tav-SesafarSi gadaiyvanes, sadac maT ori weliwadi gaatares. eqvemdebarebodnenra `socialuri da politikuri Sexedulebebis kontrols~ ganmcxadeblebs,rogorc `samSoblos moRalate~ mamis Svilebs, mudmivad scemdnen da Seurac-xyofdnen dawesebulebis TanamSromlebi, xolo Tavisive Tanatolebi uswor-debodnen rogorc qarTvelebs, stalinis samSoblodan. amas garda, ganmcxa-deblebs metad mZime antisanitariul pirobebSi uxdebodaT cxovreba, ris Se-degadac isini daavaddnen.

dedis dapatimrebisTanave ganmcxadeblebs TbilisSi mdebare 90m2 farTobissacxovrebeli saxli, uZrav qonebasa da sxva pirad Tu saojaxo nivTebTan er-Tad, dauyovnebliv CamoarTves.

1940 wels klaus da iuri kilaZeebis bebiam maTi meurveobis ufleba miiRo. sa-qarTveloSi dabrunebulebs, jer kidev bavSvebs, fizikuri SromiT Tavis rCenauwevdaT. 1945 wels ganmcxadeblebis deda gaaTavisufles da is suravandiT,plevritiTa da gastroenteriiT daavadebuli dabrunda TbilisSi. 1956 wlis 4maiss samxreT kavkasiis samxedro sasamarTlom gaauqma 1938 wlis 7 noembris

1 konvenciis 45-e muxlis me-2 da sasamarTlos reglamentis 74-e muxlis me-2 paragrafebis Sesabamisad,gadawyvetilebas erTvis mosamarTle kabral baretos gansxvavebuli azri.

klaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegklaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegklaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegklaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegklaus da iuri kilaZeebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg



gadawyvetileba da, ganmcxadeblebis dedis qmedebaSi danaSaulis Semadgenlo-bis ararsebobis gamo, igi reabilitirebulad cno. 1957 wlis 30 agvistos sabWo-Ta kavSiris umaRlesi sasamarTlos samxedro kolegiam imave motiviT gaauqma1937 wlis 2 oqtombris gadawyvetileba da ganmcxadeblebis mamac reabiliti-rebulad cno. 1991 wlis 16 marts ganmcxadeblebis deda gardaicvala.

1998 wlis 6 marts ganmcxadeblebma mimarTes saxelmwifo uSiSroebis saminis-tros, maTi mSoblebis mimarT sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis, qonebis konfis-kaciisa da aseve, maTi bavSvTa TavSesafarSi yofnis Sesaxeb informaciis moT-xovniT. 1998 wlis 1 ivliss ganmcxadeblebma miiRes pasuxi, rom araviTari in-formacia ar iyo Semonaxuli maTi bavSvTa TavSesafarSi yofnis Sesaxeb. racSeexeba informacias maTi mSoblebis Sesaxeb, saministros arqivebi 1991-1992wlebis samoqalaqo omis dros daiwva. ganmcxadeblebs urCies, SeegrovebinaTramdenime TviTmxilveli mowmis monayoli, daemowmebinaT notariuli wesiTda miemarTaT maTi sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT teritoriulad kompeten-turi sasamarTlosTvis faqtis iuridiulad dadgenis moTxovniT.

1998 wlis 16 marts ganmcxadeblebma Tbilisis saburTalos raionis pirveliinstanciis sasamarTlos sarCeliT mimarTes da moiTxoves maTi da maTi mSob-lebis politikuri represiebis msxverplebad aRiareba. 1998 wlis 19 agvistosganmcxadebelTa moTxovna srulad dakmayofilda.

aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, romelic saboloo gaxda 1998 wlis 2seqtembers, ganmcxadeblebma 2005 wlis 15 marts mimarTes Tbilisis saolqosasamarTlos moraluri da materialuri zianis anazRaurebis moTxovniT. isi-ni eyrdnobodnen `saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa politikuri represiebis msxver-plad aRiarebisa da represirebulTa socialuri dacvis Sesaxeb~ 1997 wlis 11dekembris saqarTvelos kanonis me-9 muxls (`1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanoni~),romelic ZalaSi 1998 wlis pirvel ianvars Sevida. akeTebdnen ra aqcents mamisdaxvretaze, dedasTan ganSorebaze, jer bavSTa mimRebSi, xolo Semdeg TavSe-safarSi cxovrebis pirobebze, maTi janmrTelobisTvis miyenebul zianze,mSoblebis dapatimrebidan zrdasrul asakamde gancdil damcirebasa da rep-resiebze, aseve dedis dapatimrebisTanave maTi qonebis konfiskaciaze, gan-mcxadeblebi zemoaRniSnuli kanonis me-9 muxlis safuZvelze iTxovdnen515.000 laris (daaxloebiT 208.000 evro2 ) odenobis kompensaciis gadaxdas Ti-Toeuli maTganisTvis, saerTo jamSi gancdili moraluri da materialuri zi-anis gamo.

mopasuxe mxare, saqarTvelos prezidentis warmomadgeneli, amtkicebda, romganmcxadebelTa moTxovna usafuZvlo iyo, vinaidan 1997 wlamde moqmedi ka-nonmdebloba moraluri zianis anazRaurebas ar iTvaliswinebda, xolo 1997wlis 11 dekembris kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli `kanoni~ jer kidev ar iyo miRe-buli.

2005 wlis 9 ivnisis gadawyvetilebiT Tbilisis saolqo sasamarTlom dadgeni-lad miiCnia ganmcxadeblebis warsul periodTan dakavSirebuli zemoaRniS-nuli faqtobrivi garemoebebi, garda qonebis konfiskaciisa. am ukanasknel faq-

2 2009 wlis 22 seqtembrisaTvis arsebuli valutis gacvliTi kursis Sesabamisad.


tTan mimarTebiT, saolqo sasamarTlo daeyrdno samoqalaqo saproceso ko-deqsis 102-e muxlis me-3 paragrafs da ganmcxadeblebs daupirispira konfis-kaciis damadasturebeli werilobiTi mtkicebulebebis ararseboba, miiCnia ra,rom TviTmxilvel mowmeTa Cvenebebi arasakmarisi iyo. da bolos, sasamarTlomdaadgina, rom nebismier SemTxvevaSi ganmcxadebelTa moTxovna ar SeiZlebo-da dakmayofilebuliyo, vinaidan `kanonebi~, romlebzec miuTiTebda 1997 wlis11 dekembris kanonis me-8 da me-9 muxlebi, jer kidev ar iyo miRebuli.

ganmcxadeblebma sakasacio saCivari Seitanes da miuTiTes, rom maTi moTxov-na efuZneboda 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanons da ver iqneboda xandazmuli immomentidan, rodesac maT moTxovnebTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetileba iqnamiRebuli. nebismier SemTxvevaSi ganmcxadeblebi miiCnevdnen, rom maT, saqar-Tvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1005-e muxlis me-3 paragrafis safuZvelze, hqon-daT kompensaciis miRebis ufleba. garda amisa, ganmcxadeblebi aprotesteb-dnen im faqts, rom 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis ZalaSi Sesvlidan TiTqmisrva weli iyo gasuli, xolo saxelmwifos araviTari zomebi ar miuRia Sesabami-si kanonis miRebisa da politikuri represiebis msxverplTaTvis kompensaci-is gadaxdis mizniT, rogorc es kanonis me-8 da me-9 muxlebSi in fine iyo aRniS-nuli. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, aRniSnul msxverplTa raodenoba, romle-bic ukve asakovnebi iyvnen, droTa ganmavlobaSi mcirdeboda da maTi azriT,saxelmwifo elodeboda, rom maTi gardacvaleba kompensaciis problemas mox-snida. im kanonproeqtis ganmartebiTi baraTis Sesabamisad, romelic erT-er-Tma arasamTavrobo organizaciam parlamentSi 2001 wels uSedegod waradgi-na sadavo sakanonmdeblo vakuumis aRmofxvris mizniT, am kanonis me-9 muxliTgaTvaliswinebuli politikuri represiebis msxverplTa raodenoba, katego-riebis mixedviT, 600-dan 16.000-mde meryeobda.

2005 wlis 2 noembers saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom ar daakmayofilaganmcxadebelTa sakasacio saCivari da uaryo maTi moTxovna materialuri zi-anis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT. rac Seexeba moraluri zianis anazRaure-bis sakiTxs, sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmcxadebelTa winaaRmdeg ganxorcie-lebul represiasTan dakavSirebuli faqtebi dadgenilad miiCnia. sasamar-Tlom daadgina, rom samoqalaqo kodeqsis 413-e muxlis pirvel paragrafSimiTiTebuli `kanoni~, am SemTxvevaSi, gulisxmobda 1997 wlis 11 dekembris ka-nons, romelic winamdebare saqmeSi lex specialis-s warmoadgens. sasamarTlom da-askvna, rom aRniSnuli kanonis me-9 muxlis gagebiT, ̀ fuladi kompensacia~, sxva-Ta Soris, moraluri zianis anazRaurebasac moicavs. Tumca, imis gaTvaliswi-nebiT, rom am kompensaciis gadaxdasTan dakavSirebuli normatiuli aqti, ro-melzec miuTiTebs me-9 muxli, ar iyo miRebuli, mocemul momentSi ganmcxa-debelTa moTxovna moraluri zianis anazRaurebis Taobaze safuZvels mok-lebuli iyo da ar unda dakmayofilebuliyo. amdenad, ar ikveTeba, rom uzena-esma sasamarTlom gaimeora saolqo sasamarTlos msjeloba ganmcxadebelTasarCelis xandazmulobis vadis gasvlasTan dakavSirebiT.

ganmcxadeblebma ganagrZes TavianTi mSoblebis qonebis konfiskaciis mtki-cebulebaTa Zebna. 2006 wlis 4 dekembris weriliT uZravi qonebis reestrissaagentom ganmcxadeblebs acnoba, rom sadavo bina arqivSi pirvelad 1940 welsgamoCnda, rogorc saxelmwifos sakuTreba. amis Semdeg mis Sesaxeb araviTarisxva informacia ar arsebobda.




sasamarTlos Sefaseba

ganmcxadeblebi miiCneven, rom im kanonebis miuRebloba, romlebzec miTiTe-bulia 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 da me-9 muxlebSi, maSin, rodesacisini aucilebelia, raTa aRniSnuli muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebiefeqturi gaxdes, iwvevs konvenciis pirveli oqmis I muxliT garantirebuluflebaTa darRvevas. ganmcxadeblebi miiCneven, rom erovnulma sasamarTlo-ebma, romlebmac ar daakmayofiles maTi sarCelebi zemoxsenebuli sakanon-mdeblo vakuumis gamo, maT ar SesTavazes konvenciis me-13 muxliT gaTvalis-winebuli samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba.

mTavroba miiCnevs, rom evrosasamarTlos mier im sadavo sasamarTlo proce-duris ganxilva, romelic, misi azriT, mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli saqarTve-losTan _ 1999 wlis 20 maissa da 2002 wlis 7 ivniss konvenciisa da misi pirvelioqmis ZalaSi Sesvlamde momxdar faqtebTan, aRniSnul instrumentebs ret-roaqtiul Zalas mianiWebda.3

ganmcxadeblebi amtkiceben, rom isini aprotesteben ara represiis, gadasax-lebasa da qonebis ukanonod CamorTmevas, romlebsac axorcielebda sabWoTareJimi, aramed im faqts, rom dRevandel viTarebaSi qarTul saxelmwifos arganusazRvravs kompensaciis wesebi, raTa Sinaarsi SesZinos 1997 wlis 11 de-kembris kanonis me-9 muxliT garantirebul maT uflebas.

rogoric ar unda iyos mTavrobisa da erovnuli sasamarTloebis argumentebiqonebis konfiskaciasTan dakavSirebiT, ganmcxadeblebi Seaxseneben, rom 1997wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-9 muxlis Sesabamisad, maT aqvT kompensaciis mi-Rebis ufleba ufro zogadi safuZvliT, gadasaxlebis gamo gancdili mora-luri zianidan da ukanono dapatimrebidan gamomdinare. amasTanave, uzenaes-ma sasamarTlom Tavis obiter dictum-Si daadastura aRniSnuli uflebis arsebo-ba.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom winamdebare ganacxadis mizania, dadgindes, 1997wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 (sakuTrebis uflebis aRdgena) da me-9 muxle-bis (patimrobidan an gadasaxlebidan gamomdinare moraluri ziani) Sesabami-sad, aqvT Tu ara ganmcxadeblebs, rogorc devnili mSoblebis Svilebs da Tvi-Ton politikuri represiebis msxverplebs, qonebrivi uflebebi da aseTi uf-lebebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, iqna Tu ara isini daculi.

sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT aRniSnavs, rom evropuli konvencia xelmomwer sa-xelmwifoebs ar akisrebs araviTar gansakuTrebul valdebulebas, aRmof-xvran maTi winamorbedebis mier daSvebuli usamarTloba an maT mier miyene-buli ziani.4 aseve, pirveli oqmis I muxli saxelmwifoebs ar uwesebs araviTarSezRudvas im pirobebis arCevis TavisuflebaSi, romelTa farglebSic isiniTanaxmani arian, aRudginon sakuTrebis ufleba qonebaCamorTmeul pirebs angansazRvron is wesebi, romelTa mixedviTac saxelmwifo gadauxdis anazRau-

3 Stamoulakatos c. Grèce (no 1), arrèt du 26 octobre 1993, sèrie A no 271, p.14, §33 ; Multiplex c. Croatie (dèc.), no 58112/00, 26septembre 2002.

4 Ernewein et autres c. Allemagne (dèc.), no 14849/08, 12 mai 2009.


rebas an kompensacias Sesabamis pirebs.5 saqmis masalebidan da erovnuli sasa-marTloebis winaSe ganmcxadebelTa poziciidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo aR-niSnavs, rom xazs usvamdnen ra TavianT qonebasTan dakavSirebul uflebebs,ganmcxadeblebi miznad ar isaxavdnen TavianTi dedis kuTvnili, moZravi dauZravi qonebis aRdgenas. nebismier SemTxvevaSi msgavsi sakuTrebis uflebisaRdgenis imedi SeuZlebelia, miCneuliyo rogorc `qoneba” pirveli damate-biTi oqmis pirveli muxlis gagebiT.6 ganmcxadebelTa amocana mdgomareobdaxsenebuli konfiskaciis RonisZiebidan gamomdinare zianis sanacvlod kom-pensaciis miRebaSi.7

1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 muxlis me-3 paragrafis gaTvaliswinebiT,sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom `calke kanoni~ kanonmdebelma aucileblad miiC-nia politikuri represiebis msxverplTa qonebrivi uflebebis aRdgenis we-sis gansazRvrisaTvis.

daskvnis saxiT sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8muxlis me-3 paragrafi, im formulirebiT, rogoriTac is ZalaSia 1998 wlispirveli ianvris Semdeg, ar warmoSobs realur da moTxovnad vals, romelzecSesaZlebeli iqneboda `legitimuri molodinis~ damyareba.8

mocemul SemTxvevaSi 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonidan gamomdinareobs, romsaqarTvelos nebismier moqalaqes, romelic aRiarebuli iqneba im politiku-ri represiebis msxverplad, romlebic ganxorcielda yofili sabWoTa kavSi-ris teritoriaze 1921 wlis Tebervlidan 1990 wlis oqtombramde periodSi,SeuZlia fuladi kompensaciis miReba aRniSnuli kanonis me-9 muxlis Sesabami-sad, Tuki dadasturebulia, rom man ganicada: Tavisuflebis aRkveTa, gada-saxleba, specialuri dasaxlebis adgilze moTavseba an Tu igi gardaicvalaaRniSnuli RonisZiebebis Sedegad. msxverplis pirveli rigis memkvidreebiaseve sargebloben miTiTebuli uflebiT.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom orive ganmcxadebeli akmayofilebs zemoT miTi-Tebul pirobebs. amgvarad, moraluri kompensaciis uflebas, romelzec gan-mcxadeblebi acxadeben pretenzias, aqvs samarTlebrivi safuZveli erovnulsamarTalSi, romlis gamoyenebis pirobebsac ganmcxadeblebi akmayofileben.9

ufro metic: is faqti, rom ganmcxadeblebs aqvT aRniSnuli ufleba, daadas-tura saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom. uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyve-tilebis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadeblebs SeuZliaT moraluri kompensaciis moTxov-na 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-9 muxlis safuZvelze. uzenaesma sasamar-Tlom ganmcxadebelTa mier warmodgenili moraluri zianis kompensaciis moT-xovna mxolod im mizeziT uaryo, rom `mocemul momentSi~ ar arsebobda Sesa-bamisi gamosayenebeli sakanonmdeblo teqstebi.

5 von Maltzan et autres, dècision prècitèe, §77.6 Gratzinger et Gratzingerova c. Rèpublique Tchèque [GC], no 39794/98, § 69 in fine, CEDH 2002-VII.7 Sokolowski c. Pologne (dèc.), no 39590/04, 7 juillet 2009.8 ix, a contrario, Pressos Compania Naviera S.A. et autres, prècitè, §31.9 ix, a contrario, Ernewein et autres, dècision prècitèe, et Epstein et autres c. Belgique (dèc.), no.9717/05, CEDH 2008-... (extraits)

ainsi que, mutatis mutandis, Jantner c. Slovaquie, no 39050/97, §§29-33, 4 mars 2003.




pirveli oqmis I muxlis miznebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom unda gaarkvi-os, iyo Tu ara daculi zusti balansi sazogadoebrivi interesebis moTxov-nebsa da piris fundamentur uflebaTa dacvis imperativebs Soris. gansakuT-rebiT, sasamarTlom unda daazustos, ganicades Tu ara ganmcxadeblebma sa-xelmwifos umoqmedobiT gamowveuli araproporciuli da gadaWarbebuli ̀ sim-Zimis Sedegebi.~10 am mxriv, sasamarTlo Seaxsenebs, rom zogadi interesis gan-sazRvris mizniT, saxelmwifoebs Sefasebis farTo areali gaaCniaT. Tumca, aR-niSnuli Sefasebis SesaZlebloba ganusazRvreli ar aris da misi ganxorcie-leba eqvemdebareba konvenciis organoebis kontrols.11

nebismier SemTxvevaSi, imis daSvebiTac ki, rom mocemul saqmeSi saxelmwifosumoqmedoba, iqneba es Careva Tu moqmedebisgan Tavis Sekaveba (Broniowski, § 146),kanonier mizans emsaxureba, sasamarTlos araferi ar aZlevs imis daskvnis sa-fuZvels, rom daculi iyo zusti balansi pirisa da sazogadoebis interesebsSoris. kerZod, sasamarTlo ver xedavs mizezebs, romelTa gamoc saxelmwi-fom ar Seasrula valdebuleba, maSin, roca mas 11 weliwadze meti dro hqonda,gadaedga Tundac mcire nabiji 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-9 muxliT infine gaTvaliswinebuli kanonis miRebis procesis dawyebisken, kerZod: zustadganesazRvra msxverplTa raodenoba, Caetarebina ekonomikuri, finansuri dasocialuri kvleva sazogadoebis im wevrTa mogebisa da danakargebis Sesaxeb,romlebsac aRniSnuli procesi SeexoT. TviTon mTavrobas ar warmoudgeniaaraviTari motivirebuli da damajerebeli argumenti, raTa ganemarta aRniS-nuli sruli umoqmedobis mizezi. rodesac saqme exeba sazogadoebriv inte-ress, xelisufleba valdebulia, saTanado droSi moaxdinos koreqtuli da racSeiZleba Tanmimdevruli reagireba.12

aseT pirobebSi sasamarTlo askvnis, rom ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi saxel-mwifos srulma umoqmedobam, ramac ganmcxadebelebs xeli SeuSala, gonivrulvadaSi, efeqturad esargeblaT moraluri kompensaciis miRebis uflebiT, ga-moiwvia araproporciuli da gadaWarbebuli Sedegebi, rac ar SeiZleba gamar-Tlebul iqnes mocemul saqmeSi xelisuflebis mier daculi, navaraudevi ka-nonieri sazogadoebrivi interesiT. Sesabamisad, dairRva konvenciis pirve-li oqmis I muxli.

konvenciis 41-e da 46-e muxlebis gamoyeneba

ganmcxadebelTa samarTliani dakmayofilebis moTxovnis ganxilvamde, sasa-marTlos aucileblad miaCnia im Sedegebis ganxilva, rac winamdebare ganCi-nebas SeiZleba mohyves saxelmwifosTvis konvenciis 46-e muxlis kuTxiT. mi-nistrTa komiteti zedamxedvelobas uwevs gadawyvetilebaTa aRsrulebas.kerZod, es gulisxmobs Semdegs: rodesac sasamarTlo adgens darRvevas, mo-pasuxe saxelmwifos aqvs iuridiuli valdebuleba, aramxolod gadauricxosganmcxadebels konvenciis 41-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTliani dak-mayofilebis saxiT sasamarTlos mier mikuTvnebuli Tanxa, aramed ministrTa

10 Hutten- Czapska c. Pologne [GC], no 35014/97, § 167 in fine, CEDH 2006-VIII. 11 ix. sxvaTa Soris, Almeida Garrett et autres, prècitè, §§49 et 52. 12 Broniowski, prècitè, §151; mutatis mutandis, Beyeler c. Italie [GC], no 33202/96, §§110, CEDH 2000-I.


komitetis kontroliT SearCios is individualuri da/an zogadi RonisZiebe-bi, romelTa gatarebac aucilebelia mis samarTlebriv sistemaSi sasamarTlosmier dadgenili darRvevis gamosworebis mizniT da maqsimalurad aRmofxvrasmisgan gamowveuli saziano Sedegebi.

principSi, saxelmwifo Tavisufalia, ministrTa komitetis zedamxedvelobiTSearCios is saSualebebi, romelTa meSveobiTac igi apirebs konvenciis 46-emuxliT dakisrebuli iuridiuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebas. aRniSnuli sa-Sualebebi unda Seesabamebodes sasamarTlos mier ganCinebaSi Camoyalibebulprincipebs.13 magram, rodesac identificirebulia sistemuri xarvezi, erov-nuli organoebis valdebulebaa, ministrTa komitetis meTvalyureobiT mii-Ron, Tu saWiroa retroaqtiuladac, aucilebeli zomebi konvenciis subsidi-arulobis principis Sesabamisad,14 imgvarad, rom SemdgomSi sasamarTlos aRarmouxdes msgavsi darRvevebis ganmeorebiT dadgena mravalricxovan analo-giur saqmeebSi.15

aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo Seaxsenebs evropis sabWos ministrTakomitetis 2004 wlis 12 maisis (REC(2004)3) rezolucias, romelSic komitetma,xazi gausva ra Tavis interess, daexmaros saxelmwifoebs msgavsi probleme-bis gamovlenasa da Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis gatarebaSi, SesTavaza sasamar-Tlos, `moaxdinos sistemuri xarvezebisa da maTi wyaroebis identificirebaim gadawyvetilebebSi, romlebSic is daadgens darRvevebs, gansakuTrebiT ma-Sin, rodesac am xarvezebs SeuZlia gamoiwvios mravalricxovani ganacxade-bis Setana sasamarTloSi aRniSnuli saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg da amgvarad, da-exmaros saxelmwifos Sesabamisi gamosavlis povnaSi, xolo ministrTa komi-tets _ aRsrulebaze zedamxedvelobis ganxorcielebaSi~.

rac Seexeba winamdebare saqmes, sasamarTlo iZulebulia, daaskvnas, rom saka-nonmdeblo vakuumis problema, romelic man daadgina, ar exeba mxolod gan-mcxadeblebs. ganmcxadebelTa mier mowodebuli monacemebis Tanaxmad, im pir-Ta raodenoba, romlebsac msgavsi saxis darRvevis gamomwvevi viTareba See-xoT, kategoriebis mixedviT meryeobs 600-dan 16.000-mde. Sesabamisad, aRniS-nulma situaciam SesaZloa, saTave daudos sasamarTloSi didi raodenobiTganacxadebis wardgenas imgvarad, rom momavalSi safrTxe Seeqmnas konvenci-is mier Camoyalibebuli meqanizmis efeqturobas.

aseT pirobebSi sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom winamdebare gadawyvetilebis aRsru-lebis farglebSi, erovnul doneze, udavod unda gatardes zogadi RonisZie-bebi. swrafad unda iqnes miRebuli aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo, administra-ciuli da sabiujeto zomebi, raTa 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-9 muxliTgaTvaliswinebul pirebs mieceT aRniSnuli debulebiT garantirebuli uf-lebiT efeqturi sargeblobis SesaZlebloba.

13 Scozzari et Giunta c. Italie [GC], nos 39221/98 et 41963/98, §249, CEDH 2000-VIII; Assanidzè c. Gèorgie [GC] no 71503/01, §§198et 202, CEDH 2004-II.

14 Broniowski, §§192 et 193; Xenides-Arestis c. Turquie, no46347/99, §§39 et 40, 22 dècembre 2005; Ghigo c. Malte (satisfactionèquitable), no31122/05, §§25-28, 17 juillet 2008; Lukenda c. Slovènie, no 23032/02, §§89 et suivants, CEDH 2005-X; Scordino c.Italie (no 1) [GC], no 36813/97, § 233, CEDH 2006.

15 Driza c. Albanie, no 33771/02, § 123 in fine, CEDH 2007-... (extraits); Ramadhi et autres c. Albanie, no 38222/02, §§93 et 94, 13novembre 2007; Gèlmez c. Turquie, no 16330/02, §§62 et suivants, 20 mai 2008; Dybeku c. Albanie, no 41153/06, §§63 et 64, 18dècembre 2007.




zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo:

_ eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis pirveli oqmisI muxli;

_ eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom TiToeulganmcxadebels unda gadauxados:

i. 4.000 (oTxi aTasi) evro _ moraluri zianis anazRaurebis saxiT;

ii. aRniSnul Tanxas daemateba nebismieri saSemosavlo gadasaxadi,romelic SeiZleba gadasaxdeli gaxdes;

b) mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadeblebs erToblivad, gadawyvetilebis Za-laSi Sesvlis dRidan sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi unda gadauxados:

i. 3.537 (sami aTas xuTas ocdaCvidmeti) evro _ gaweuli xarjebisa da danaxar-jebis anazRaurebis saxiT;

ii. aRniSnul Tanxas daemateba nebismieri saSemosavlo gadasaxadi, romelicSeiZleba gadasaxdeli gaxdes.

mosamarTle kabral baretos gansxvavebuli azri

sinanuliT unda aRvniSno, rom me ver SevZeli, davTanxmebodi umravlesobas,rodesac man daadgina konvenciis pirveli damatebiTi oqmis pirveli muxlisdarRveva 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-9 muxliT garantirebul ufle-bebTan mimarTebiT.

1. umravlesoba ganasxvavebs 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 (sakuTrebisuflebis aRdgena) da me-9 muxlebs (fuladi kompensacia politikuri repre-siis gamo). pirvel SemTxvevaSi, savaraudod, ar arsebobs realuri da moT-xovnadi vali, romelzec SesaZlebeli iqneboda legitimuri `molodinis~damyareba, maSin, rodesac meore SemTxvevaSi, savaraudod, arsebobs `moT-xovnadobisTvis sakmarisad gansazRvruli vali~. Cemis mxriv, me ver vxedavveraviTar gansxvavebas 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonSi arsebul or situaci-as Soris. sakuTrebis uflebis aRdgenisTvis me-8 muxli iTxovs `calke ka-nons~; fuladi kompensaciisTvis ki me-9 muxli adgens, rom kompensaciis ode-nobasa da gacemis wess adgens kanoni. orive SemTxvevaSi saWiroa Semdgomisakanonmdeblo Careva aRniSnuli uflebebis gansazRvrisa da dakonkrete-bis mizniT. swored am naklovanebas exeba ganmcxadebelTa pretenziebi, rom-lebic `Civian, rom 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 da me-9 muxlebiT ga-rantirebuli maTi uflebebisTvis Sinaarsis micemis dagvianebiT, saxelmwi-fo maT gaurkvevlobasa da mwuxarebaSi amyofebs (...)~ da rom ìm kanonebismiuRebloba, romlebzec miTiTebulia 1997 wlis 11 dekembris kanonis me-8 dame-9 muxlebSi, maSin, rodesac isini aucilebelia aRniSnuli muxlebiT gaT-valiswinebuli uflebebisTvis efeqtis miniWebis TvalsazrisiT, iwvevs kon-venciis pirveli oqmis I muxliT garantirebul uflebaTa darRvevas~.


2. saxelmwifos qceva, Cemi azriT, gasakritikebelia rogorc erT, ise meoresituaciaSi. 1997 wlis Semdeg sakmarisi dro gavida, rom savaraudo benefi-ciarebSi daesadgurebina mwuxarebisa da uimedobis SegrZnebas. magram aR-niSnuli ar aris sakmarisi konvenciis pirveli damatebiTi oqmis pirvelimuxlis darRvevis dasadgenad. aRniSnuli debulebis darRvevis dasadge-nad aRiarebul unda iqnes, rom ganmcxadeblebi warmoadgenen saxelmwifos-Tvis `moTxovnadi~ qonebis mesakuTreebs. `moTxovnad~ qonebasTan dakav-SirebiT arsebuli evrosasamarTlos praqtika mokled ase SeiZleba Camo-yalibdes: `(...) rodesac Sesabamisi qonebrivi interesi valis kategorias ga-nekuTvneba, misi miCneva `qonebriv Rirebulebad~ SesaZlebelia mxolod imSemTxvevaSi, Tu mas erovnul samarTalSi sakmarisi safuZveli aqvs. magali-Tad, rodesac is dadasturebulia kargad Camoyalibebuli sasamarTlo praq-tikiT,~16 magram mocemul SemTxvevaSi erovnulma sasamarTlom, kerZod, sa-qarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom, miiCnia Semdegi: ìmis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom aRniSnuli kompensaciis gadaxdasTan dakavSirebuli normatiuli aq-ti, romelzec miuTiTebs me-9 muxli, ar iyo miRebuli, mocemul momentSiganmcxadebelTa moTxovna moraluri zianis anazRaurebis Taobaze safuZ-vels moklebuli iyo da ar unda dakmayofilebuliyo~. aris ra erovnul do-neze safuZvels moklebuli im kanonis miRebamde, romelic daazustebs fu-ladi kompensaciis odenobasa da misi gacemis wess, 1997 wlis 11 dekembriskanonis me-8 da me-9 muxlebiT garantirebuli fuladi kompensacia ar aris`moTxovnadi~. amas amtkicebdnen erovnuli sasamarTloebi da me amas ve-Tanxmebi.

aRniSnul konteqstSi da Cveni sasamarTlo praqtikidan gamomdinare, movalevar, davaskvna, rom moTxovnadi valis arseboba ar aris dadgenili arc kanon-Si da arc qarTuli sasamarTloebis praqtikaSi; maSasadame, ganmcxadeblebiar warmoadgenen àmJamindeli qonebis~ mflobelebs, vinaidan maT ar gaaCniaTsakmarisad gansazRvruli, dauyovnebliv moTxovnadi vali. rogorc TviT gan-mcxadeblebi aRiareben, maTi uflebebisTvis efeqtis misaniWeblad aucile-belia kanonebis miReba.

3. aqedan gamomdinare, mimaCnia, rom ar darRveula konvenciis pirveli dama-tebiTi oqmis pirveli muxli.

16 Kopeckè c. Slovaquie [GC], no 44912/98, §52, CEDH 2004-IX.




cincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

Case of Tsintsabadze v. Georgia (#35403/06)

2006 wlis 15 agvistos svetlana cincabaZem ganacxadiT mimarTa strasbur-gSi adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad Ta-visuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

2011 wlis 15 Tebervals sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#35403/06) daerTsulovnad daadgina, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-2 muxli.


2005 wlis 2 ivniss ganmcxadeblis vaJi, zurab cincabaZe daapatimres policiisoficrebisaTvis winaaRmdegobis gawevis gamo, romlebic cdilobdnen, ar mie-caT misTvis danaSaulis Cadenis saSualeba yofili meuRlis saxlSi (Zaladobada sxvisi sakuTrebis dazianeba). mas Seefarda Tavisuflebis aRkveTa sami wlisvadiT. 2005 wlis 6 ivniss, sasamarTlos ganaCenis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg, gan-mcxadeblis vaJi rusTavis #1 sapyrobilidan gadaiyvanes xonis #9 sapyrobi-leSi. ganmcxadeblis miTiTebiT, im droisaTvis misi vaJis janmrTelobis mdgo-mareoba _ rogorc fizikuri, ise fsiqologiuri _ kargi iyo. 2005 wlis 30 seq-tembers ganmcxadeblis vaJi CamomxrCvali ipoves cixis sakuWnaoSi. imave dResxonis cixis ufrosma werilobiT acnoba saqarTvelos iusticiis saministrosdasavleT saqarTvelos sagamoZiebo departamentis ufross, aseve saqarTve-los generalur prokuraturas, rom 2005 wlis 30 seqtembers zurab cincaba-Zem TviTmkvleloba Caidina, cixis sakuWnaoSi Tavi CamoixrCo saRamos 7-dan 8saaTamde drois monakveTSi.

2005 wlis 1 oqtombers saministros sagamoZiebo departamentis gamomZiebel-ma SemTxvevis adgilze Caatara mokvleva xonis cixis ufrosis or moadgiles-Tan erTad. gamoZiebisaTvis saintereso nivTebi adgilze ar aRmoCenila. ga-momZiebelma, cixis TerapevtTan erTad, Terapevtisave kabinetSi gvami vizu-alurad daaTvaliera. gvams kiserze aReniSneboda CamoxrCobis kvali da Zve-li Wrilobebisgan darCenili naiarevebi. sxeulze sxva dazianeba maT ver aR-moaCines. gamomZiebelma oqmSi yovelgvari damatebiTi axsna-ganmartebis ga-reSe miuTiTa, rom arsebobda mtkicebulebaTa dazianebis realuri riski darom zurab cincabaZis gvami sasamarTlo eqspertizisaTvis unda gadatanili-yo Sesaferis adgilas.

imave dRes dakiTxes ori patimari, romlebmac aRmoaCines zurab cincabaZisgvami. maTi TqmiT, rodesac sakuWnaoSi SeaRwies, naxes Tokze Camokidebuliadamiani, romelic „Tavis mokvlas cdilobda“, Tumca, jer kidev cocxali iyo.maT patimari Tokidan Camoxsnes. erT-erTma patimarma saSvelad mouxmo ci-xis TanamSromlebs, romlebic sakuWnaos axlos iyvnen. man ganacxada, rom sas-wrafo daxmareba ramdenime wuTis Semdeg movida, Tumca saTanado samedicinodaxmarebis miuxedavad, ganmcxadeblis vaJis gadarCena ver moxerxda. maT gar-dacvlili daaxasiaTes rogorc mSvidi pirovneba da kategoriulad uaryvesromelime patimris mxridan gardacvlilze raime saxis zewolis SesaZleblo-


ba. maTi gancxadebis Tanaxmad, cixeSi aravis ar surda misi sikvdili.

cixis Terapevtis 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris Cvenebis Tanaxmad, rodesac is Sem-Txvevis adgilze mivida, gvami ukve miwaze iyo moTavsebuli. man gardacvlilskisridan Toki moxsna da mis gonze moyvanas Seecada, rac warumateblad das-rulda. amis Semdeg gvami gadaitanes mis oTaxSi, sadac man misi reanimacia sca-da, Tumca _ kvlav uSedegod. man ganacxada, rom biologiuri sikvdili ukve dam-dgari iyo, magram saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis manqana mainc gamoiZaxa.

2005 wlis 1-dan 3 oqtombramde iusticiis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi ar-sebuli uwyebis - kriminalistikis erovnuli biuros („keb“) quTaisis ofisiseqspertma Caatara gamomZieblis mier daniSnuli sasamarTlo eqspertiza. ga-mokvlevis Sedegad eqspertma daaskvna, rom sikvdili meqanikuri asfiqsiis Se-degad dadga, rac Tokze dakidebam gamoiwvia. daxrCobis Sedegad miRebulidazianebebis garda, kisris areSi sxva dazianebebi eqspertma ver aRmoaCina.

gardacvlilis mamam ganacxada, rom 2005 wlis 30 seqtembers, rogorc ki Svilisgardacvalebis Sesaxeb Seatyobines, maSinve wavida xonis cixeSi, sadac mas ci-xis ufrosi Sexvda, romelmac daarwmuna, rom misma Svilma Tavi moikla, risTvi-sac gamoiyena zewrisagan damzadebuli Toki da rom misi vaJi aravis mouklavs.misi SekiTxvis pasuxad, xom ar aiZula vinmem misi vaJi TviTmkvleloba Caedina,cixis ufrosma upasuxa „ara“ da ganacxada, rom „misma vaJma Tavi moikla mas Sem-deg, rac gaigo, rom misi coli TurqeTSi midioda“. amis Semdeg cixis ufrosmaganmcxadeblis yofili meuRle gaagzavna quTaisis prozeqturaSi, sadac misivaJis gvami gadaitanes. quTaisSi ganmcxadeblis yofilma meuRlem aRmoaCina,rom sasamarTlo eqspertiza ukve Catarebuli iyo da man vaJis neSti gadaasvenasaxlSi, baTumSi. saxlSi ganmcxadebelma da misma yofilma meuRlem SeamCnies,rom gvams ar etyoboda TviTmkvlelobis Cadenis kvali. gardacvlils Tavisqalas marcxena mxare Camsxvreuli hqonda radganac am adgilas Tma ar iyo ga-parsuli, maT daaskvnes, rom es dazianeba ar iyo miyenebuli sikvdilis SemdgomCatarebuli eqspertizis dros. SexebiT isinjeboda Tavis qalas deformaciada aReniSneboda amoberilobebi/kopebi, kiserze hqonda sisxlCaqceva, ybis na-wili gasiebuli iyo da etyoboda motexiloba, sisxlCaqceva aReniSneboda kis-ris ZvalTanac, romelic aseve motexili unda yofiliyo. marcxena mklavi mTli-anad dafaruli iyo sisxlCaqcevebiT; zurgze, Tirkmlis midamoebsa da xelebzeaReniSneboda mkafio sisxlCaqcevebi. mkafio sisxlCaqcevebi hqonda agreTvesaTesle jirkvlebis garSemoc. gardacvlilis mamam SeamCnia, rom dalurjebe-bi marcxena mklavsa da xelebze diagonaluri formis iyo. misi azriT, cemis drosmisi Svili saxis dacvas cdilobda da saxeze xelebs ifarebda. amitom mxolodsaxeze ar aReniSneboda dazianebebi. 2005 wlis 4 oqtombers Semdgari gasaubre-bisas ganmcxadeblis yofilma meuRlem gamomZiebels sTxova misi vaJis gvamisdamatebiTi da obieqturi eqspertizis Catareba.

cixis ufrosma ganacxada, rom zurab cincabaZe warsulSi baTumis fsiqiatri-ul saavadmyofoSi mkurnalobda. man aseve aRniSna, rom gardacvlils sapatim-roSi moTavsebis Semdeg mnaxveli ar hyolia, rasac is Zalian ganicdida. cixisufrosis Cvenebis Tanaxmad, zurab cincabaZe wuxda imis gamoc, rom misi meuR-le TurqeTSi iyo wasuli, xolo misi mSoblebi ki gacilebulebi iyvnen. 2005wlis oqtombriT daTariRebuli cnobis Tanaxmad, romelic saqmis masalebSi

cincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegcincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegcincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegcincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegcincabaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg



devs, ganmcxadeblis vaJi aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis fsiqo-nevrolo-giuri klinikis pacientTa siaSi ar iricxeboda.

2005 wlis 6 oqtombers daikiTxa xonis cixis patimari, romelic am dokumentSimoxseniebuli iqneba rogorc „X“, romelmac ganacxada, rom kargad icnobdaganmcxadeblis vaJs, radgan isini baTumSi erT ubanSi daibadnen da gaizardnenda maTi mSoblebic am dromde megobroben. man aRwera, Tu ra viTarebaSi Seit-yves man da cixis sxva patimrebma CamoxrCobis faqti, ra drosac saeWvo arafe-ri SeumCneviaT. „X“-ma, sxvebis msgavsad, ganacxada, rom ganmcxadeblis vaJscixeSi konfliqti aravisTan hqonia; mas aravin urekavda da arc sanaxavad mo-dioda vinme; zurabs Zalze awuxebda piradi problemebi yofil meuRlesTandakavSirebiT da hqonda mravali naiarevi sxeulis sxvadasxva nawilze.

2005 wlis 7 oqtombers daikiTxa ganmcxadebeli. man ganacxada, rom igi ure-kavda Svils, rodesac SeeZlo. erT-erTi saubris dros vaJma sTxova 50 larisgagzavna (qarTuli lari _ daax. 0.42 evro), saidanac 10 lari iyo sigaretis fu-li, xolo danarCeni unda Seetana „obSiakSi“ („obSiaki“ _ patimrebis ukanono,saerTo fondi). vinaidan ganmcxadebeli im periodSi avad iyo, mis vaJs aRniS-nuli Tanxa misma dam gadauricxa. amis Semdeg misma Svilma ramdenjerme dau-reka deidas da sTxova fuli, 30-dan 40 laramde. sikvdilamde cota xniT adreman deidas uTxra, rom Tu 10 lars ar miiRebda, Tavs moiklavda. deidam masaRniSnuli Tanxa gaugzavna. Cvenebis Tanaxmad, dakiTxva Sewyda imis gamo, romganmcxadebeli sagamoZiebo samsaxurs mikerZoebulobaSi sdebda brals. manuari ganacxada, xeli moewera Cvenebaze.

2005 wlis 8 oqtombers ganmcxadeblisa da misi yofili meuRlis TxovniT Ca-tarda damoukidebeli samedicino eqspertiza, romelsac maTi ori warmomad-geneli da saxalxo damcvelis samsaxuris warmomadgeneli eswrebodnen. al-ternatiuli eqspertizis daskvnis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadeblis vaJis sikvdilismizezi iyo CamoxrCobiT gamowveuli meqanikuri asfiqsia. 2005 wlis 13 oqtom-bers gamoiZaxes kriminalistikis sferos eqsperti, romelsac unda gamoek-vlia zurab cincabaZis tansacmeli da daedgina Tokad gamoyenebul zewarzegakeTebuli kvanZebis tipi.

2005 wlis 29 oqtombers sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRiZra im ucnobi pirisa Tupirebis winaaRmdeg, vinc zurab cincabaZe TviTmkvlelobamde miiyvana. imavedRes ganmcxadebeli daikiTxa dazaralebulis saxiT. man kategoriulad ga-nacxada, rom misi Svili gawonasworebuli pirovneba iyo, romelsac fsiqolo-giuri problemebi ar hqonda da sakuTari Tavi Zalian uyvarda. is acxadebda,rom misi Svili jer mokles da Semdeg CamoaxrCves, raTa SeeniRbaT mkvlelo-ba. man moiTxova, rom am danaSauls miscemoda mkvlelobis da ara _ TviTmkvle-lobamde miyvanis kvalifikacia. ganmcxadebelma moiTxova, dadgeniliyo mi-zezebi, Tu ratom ar Seatyobina cixis administraciam mSoblebs dauyovneb-liv Svilis gardacvaleba da ratom dauSves, rom es patimars gaekeTebina; ra-tom ar Seatyobines da ar miiwvies Svilis gvamis eqspertizaze dasaswrebad.man aseve moiTxova im garemoebis ganmarteba, Tu rogor SeeZlo mis Svils sa-kuWnaoSi Sesvla, radgan Cveulebriv SemTxvevaSi patimrebs Caketil SenobaSiSesvla badragis gareSe ar SeuZliaT. ganmcxadebelma aseve aRniSna, rom mandaiqirava n.a.-Ze, adgilobrivi advokati, raTa igi gamoZiebaSi daxmareboda.


2005 wlis 2 noembers dasavleT saqarTvelos saolqo prokurorma gamomZie-bels werilobiTi miTiTeba gaugzavna, sadac aRniSnavda, rom saqmesTan dakav-SirebiT ganCinebis gamosatanad xelaxali gamoZieba unda Catarebuliyo.

2005 wlis 22 noembers saolqo prokurorma saqme daxura mtkicebulebaTa nak-lebobis gamo. man daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis vaJis TviTmkvleloba ar iyoimgvari muqaris an fizikuri zewolis Sedegi, romelic mas TviTmkvlelobam-de miiyvanda. rac Seexeba dazianebebs, romlebic ganmcxadebelma Svilis sxe-ulze aRmoaCina, prokurorma aqcenti gaakeTa sasamarTlo eqspertizis erov-nuli biuros daskvnaze, romlis mixedviTac, CamoxrCobis Sedegad miyenebu-li daxrCobis niSnebis garda, gvams sxva aranairi dazianeba ar aReniSneboda.gamomZiebelma miiCnia, rom ganmcxadeblis mier aRmoCenili hematomebi sik-vdilis Semdeg gaCenili gvamuri laqebi iyo, xolo sxeulze arsebuli sxva-dasxva laqa ki Zveli iyo, rogorc es aRniSna cixis eqimma im dRes, rodesacganmcxadeblis Svili cixeSi miiyvanes. sxvadasxva Cvenebaze dayrdnobiT, pro-kurorma daaskvna, rom aranairi qmedeba ar ganxorcielebula, rac sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSauli iqneboda (sssk-is 28-e mux-lis I nawili). ganmcxadebelma aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba quTaisis saqalaqosasamarTloSi gaasaCivra.

2006 wlis 9 ianvars quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila ganmcxa-deblis saCivari dausabuTeblobis gamo im safuZvliT, rom yvela aucilebelisagamoZiebo moqmedeba Catarda da mtkicebulebaTa erTobliobiT gamoiric-xa danaSaulis arseboba. saqalaqo sasamarTlom ganmcxadebels usayvedura,rom ar miuTiTa alternatiul sagamoZiebo zomebze, romelTac gamoZiebis-Tvis sxva Sedegis motana SeeZlo.

ganmcxadebelma aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba gaasaCivra quTaisis saapelaciosasamarTloSi da Tavisi argumentebi xelaxla wamoayena. ganmcxadebelma ag-reTve ganacxada, rom sakuTari wyaros informaciiT, misi Svili Tanapatim-rebma mokles rusTavis #1 sapyrobileSi myofi erT-erTi Tanapatimris brZa-nebiT da moiTxova am sakiTxis gamoZieba. man aseve aRniSna, rom SeuZlebeliiyo 1.78 metri simaRlis adamians SesZleboda Tavi moekla iseT pirobebSi, ro-desac sakuWnaos Weris simaRle 2.20 metri, xolo skamis simaRle _ 22 sm iyo.ganmcxadebelma gaakritika oficialuri pirebis uunaroba, daecvaT obieqti.ganmcxadebeli agreTve asaCivrebda, rom gamomZiebelma SemTxvevis daTvali-erebis angariSi moamzada cixis ufrosis moadgilis gancxadebebis safuZvel-ze, romelmac Tavisi kabinetidan jer skamebi gamoitana, Semdeg ki _ Toki dafexsacmelebi, raTa „daedasturebina“, rom faqtobrivad TviTmkvleloba mox-da. ganmcxadeblis dakvirvebiT, saswrafo daxmarebis eqimebi ar daukiTxavT.

2006 wlis 16 ianvars quTaisis saapelacio sasamarTlom imave safuZvliT ardaakmayofila sarCeli, ra safuZvliTac ar daakmayofila qveda instanciis sa-samarTlom. amave dros saqmeze saxalxo damcvelis ofisis warmomadgenle-bic awarmoebdnen mokvlevas.

2006 wlis 9 agvistos weriliT saolqo prokuraturam, romelmac 2005 wlis 22noembers saqmis daxurvis Sesaxeb orderi gasca, saxalxo damcvels upasuxa,rom sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis aRZvris safuZvlebi ar arsebobda. aRniS-




nuli gadawyvetilebis gasamyareblad prokuraturam mimoixila 2005 wlis 22noembris gadawyvetilebaSi mocemuli mizezebi da daamata, rom ganmcxadeb-lis Svili cixeSi raime zewolas ar ganicdida.


konvenciis me-2 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

konvenciis me-2 muxlis I nawilis safuZvelze ganmcxadebelma gaasaCivra isfaqti, rom misi Svili cixeSi mokles, xolo mkvleloba TviTmkvlelobad Sei-niRba da rom oficialurma pirebma ver SeZles am saqmeze adekvaturi gamoZi-ebis Catareba.

mTavrobam gaaprotesta mocemuli argumenti, aRniSnavda ra, rom ganmcxadeb-lis Svilma cixeSi Tavi moikla, magram mopasuxe saxelmwifo amisTvis pasuxis-mgebeli ar unda yofiliyo, radgan Sesabamis uwyebebs am tragikuli movlenisgaTvaliswineba ar SeeZloT. aseve ar arsebobs samedicino Canawerebi misi su-iciduri midrekilebebis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisad, adgilobrivi uwyebebisTvis ararsebobda safuZveli, evaraudaT amgvari avbediTi saqcielis Cadenis SesaZ-lebloba da amgvarad, ar arsebobda prevenciuli zomebis miRebis safuZveli.

saqarTvelos cixeebSi „mayureblisa“ da „obSiakis“ fenomenTan, aseve am mimarTe-biT cixis administraciebis rolTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlos mier dasmuliSekiTxvis pasuxad, mTavroba acxadebda Semdegs: vinaidan xonis sapyrobile yo-fili samarTaldamcavi organoebis yofili TanamSromlebisaTvis iyo gankuT-vnili, is, sasaubro enaze rom vTqvaT, „wiTel zonas“ warmoadgenda, romelic ga-moricxavda nebismier SesaZleblobas, rom patimrebi kriminaluri samyaros war-momadgenlebi yofiliyvnen. Sesabamisad, iq aranairi adgili ar iyo mafiis bose-bisTvis _ egreT wodebuli „kanonieri qurdebiTvis“ - rac, Tavis mxriv, xonis sap-yrobileSi raime kriminaluri praqtikis arsebobas gamoricxavda.

ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom saqmis ganxilvis droisTvis „obSiakis“ Segro-vebis praqtika saqarTvelos yvela cixeSi Cveuli ram iyo, ganurCevlad imisa,cixe e.w. „wiTeli zona“ (cixe, sadac mxolod yofili Tanamdebobis pirebi dasamarTaldamcavi organoebis warmomadgenlebi isxdnen) iyo, Tu „Savi zona“ (ci-xe, sadac sasjels Cveulebrivi kriminalebi ixdidnen). amgvarad, „obSiaki“ ar-sebobda rogorc savaldebulo „gadasaxadi“, romelsac cixis administraciacuwyobda xels, radgan mohqonda piradi sargebeli da savaldebulo iyo yvelapatimrisTvis, „mayureblebis“ da kidev sxva, ramdenime gamonaklisis garda. yo-velTviuri gadasaxadis garda, saerTo fondSi kidev sxva tipis SemosavlebicSedioda, rogoricaa patimrebis mier azartul TamaSebSi mogebuli nebismieriTanxis procenti. „obSiakis“ nawils cixis administracias uxdidnen, romelic,Tavis mxriv, sanacvlod naklebad mkacr SezRudvebs awesebda.

sasamarTlo kidev erTxel acxadebs, rom konvenciis me-2 muxlSi mocemulidacvis mniSvnelovani bunebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom sicocxlis xel-yofis faqtebi guldasmiT unda ganixilos da mxedvelobaSi miiRos aramxo-lod saxelmwifo moxeleebis moqmedeba, aramed yvela arsebuli garemoeba.


TavisuflebaaRkveTili adamianebi arian daucvelni da saxelmwifo uwyebebsevalebaT maTi dacva. Sesabamisad, roca adamianis janmrTelobis mdgomareo-ba misi dapatimrebis momentSi kargia, xolo gamoSvebis momentSi ki mas dazia-nebebi aReniSneba, saxelmwifo valdebulia, damajerebeli axsna-ganmartebawarmoadginos am dazianebebis gamomwvev mizezTa Sesaxeb.1 saxelmwifo uwye-bebis valdebuleba, pasuxi agon TavisuflebaaRkveTil adamianTa mimarT mop-yrobaze, kidev ufro mZafrdeba am adamianis gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi.2

gamoZieba unda iyos efeqturi im gagebiT, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes faqtebisdadgena, pasuxismgebel pirTa gamovlena da dasja. xelisuflebis organoeb-ma unda miiRon yvela saWiro SesaZlo zoma konkretul SemTxvevasTan dakav-Sirebuli mtkicebulebebis mopovebis, maT Soris _ TviTmxilvelTa Cvenebe-bis, nivTmtkicebebisa da, saWiroebisamebr, gvamis gakveTis Sesasruleblad,rac zustad aRwers dazianebas da klinikuri aRmoCenebis, maT Soris _ sikvdi-lis mizezis obieqtur analizs uwyobs xels.3 gamoZiebis daskvnebi unda ey-rdnobodes yvela Sesabamisi faqtis amomwurav, obieqtur da miukerZoebelanalizs. miuxedavad imisa, rom gamoZiebis valdebuleba mxolod gamosayene-bel xerxebs miekuTvneba da ar arsebobs braldebis an msjavrdebis absolu-turi ufleba, gamoZiebis dros daSvebuli nebismieri xarvezi, romelic xelsuSlis gamoZiebis mier saqmis garemoebis dadgenasa Tu pasuxismgebeli pirisgamovlenas, ver akmayofilebs efeqturobis moTxovnas.4

imisaTvis, rom gamoZieba efeqturi iyos, gamoZiebasa da mis warmarTvaze pasu-xismgebeli pirebi damoukidebeli da miukerZoeblebi unda iyvnen kanonisa dapraqtikis TvalsazrisiT. es aramxolod movlenebSi CarTul mxareebTan ierar-qiuli Tu instituciuri kavSirebis ararsebobas gulisxmobs, aramed _ praqti-kul damoukideblobasac.5 gamoZiebis dros an misi Sedegebis miRebisas undaarsebobdes sazogadoebrivi kritika, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnes angariSval-debuleba, sazogadoebis ndobis SenarCuneba xelisuflebis organoebis mierkanonis uzenaesobis dacvis TvalsazrisiTa da arakanonieri qmedebis xelSew-yobis raime gamovlenis Tavidan acilebis mizniT. yvela saqmeSi savaldebuloamsxverplis uSualo memkvidris CarTuloba procedurebSi, raTa dacul iqnesmisi kanonieri interesebi.6 sasamarTlom gamoavlina araerTi seriozuli Seu-sabamoba da xarvezi am RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebis meTodSi, gamoZiebis daw-yebidan misi mimdinareobis procesSi. Sesabamisad, zurab cincabaZis saeWvo sik-vdilTan dakavSirebuli bevri mkafio SekiTxva upasuxod darCa.

upirveles yovlisa, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadeblis Svili gardac-vlili ipoves xonis cixeSi, sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi, romelic ius-ticiis saministros pirdapiri zedamxedvelobis qveSaa. sicocxlis ganzraxxelyofis SemTxvevis gamoricxvis SemTxvevaSic, mocemuli saqmis garemoebi-

1 ix. selmuni safrangeTis winaaRmdeg [GC], #25803/94, §87, ECHR, 1999-V.2 kenani gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, #27229/95, §91, ECHR, 2001-III da salmani TurqeTis

winaaRmdeg [GC], #21986/93, §99, ECHR, 2000-VII).3 salmani, §106; tanrikulu TurqeTis winaaRmdeg [GC], #23763/94, §109, ECHR, 1999-IV da giuli

TurqeTis winaRmdeg 22676/93, §89, 2000 wlis 14 dekemberi.4 esat bairami TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, #75535/01, §47, 26 May 2009 da ramSai da sxvebi holandiis winaaRmdeg

[GC], #52391/99, §321, ECHR, 2007-VI.5 ramSai da sxvebi, citirebuli zemoT, §§ 325 da 333-346, da skavuco-hageri da sxvebi Sveicariis

winaaRmdeg, #41773/98, §§ 8-86, 2006 wlis 7 Tebervali.6 guleCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 1998 wlis 27 ivlisi, §82, angariSi 1998-IV.




dan gamomdinare erT-erTi sakiTxi, romelic yuradRebiT da miukerZoebladgaanalizebas saWiroebs, aris is, Tu ramdenad SeiZleboda sikvdili gamoewviacixis administraciis daudevrobas.

sasamarTlo aseve SeniSnavs, rom erTgvari Seusabamoba arsebobs sasamarTloeqspertizis erovnuli biuros angariSs, romelic dazaralebulad cnobilipiris Sesabamis proceduraSi monawileobis gareSe arasrulfasovania da al-ternatiuli gakveTis angariSs Soris, romelmac zurab cincabaZis cxedrisdamatebiTi gamokvleva gaiTvaliswina, rac saxalxo damcvelis warmomadgen-lebis TandaswrebiT Catarda da, amgvarad, sazogadoebrivi kritikis saSua-lebas ufro metad iZleoda.7 sasamarTlo iziarebs ra ganmcxadeblis mosaz-rebebs, am aRmoCenebs ver miiCnevs zurab cincabaZis cixeSi saeWvo sikvdilissarwmuno axsna-ganmartebad.

unda aRiniSnos, rom gamoZiebis dawyebisTanave, pirvelive dakiTxvis dros,ganmcxadebelma gamomZiebels konkretul faqtobriv garemoebebze miTiTe-biT moaxsena, rom misi Svili aRelvebuli iyo xonis cixeSi arsebul `patimar-Ta obSiakSi“ Tanxis Setanis gamo, rac misi naTesavebisgan mudmivad Tanxis Seg-zavnas saWiroebda. ganmcxadebelma mogvianebiTac araerTxel gaimeora es Cve-neba da konkretulad mosTxova saxelisuflebo uwyebebs, mokvleva am mimar-TulebiTac ewarmoebinaT.

zemoT mocemuli dakvirveba sasamarTlos sakmaris safuZvels aZlevs, saqmeSiarsebuli sxva Sesabamisi garemoebebis analizis gareSe, daaskvnas, rom ganmcxa-deblis versia mkvlelobis Sesaxeb, romelic Semdgom TviTmkvlelobiT Sei-niRba, misaRebia da, sul mcire, iseTive sandoa, rogorc _ TviTmkvlelobis ofi-cialuri versia. xelisuflebis organoebma kargad ver gamoiZies mkvlelobisversia, miuxedavad maTi valdebulebisa, gamoerkviaT yvela faqti.8

amgvarad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ver moaxerxa, daek-mayofilebina masze dakisrebuli mtkicebis tvirTi, romelic damakmayofi-lebel da damajerebel axsnas uzrunvelyofda zurab cincabaZis cixeSi saeW-vo garemoSi momxdar sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT da, Sesabamisad, pirdapir sa-xelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas ayenebs sicocxlis dakargvasTan mimarTebiT.Sesabamisad, warmodgenil saqmeSi saxezea konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRveva.9

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo erTxmad adgens, rom:

_ dairRva konvenciis me-2 muxli;

_ mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels unda gadauxados:

1) 15,000 (TxuTmeti aTasi) evro _ moraluri zianis anazRaurebis saxiT;2) 4,047 (oTxi aTas ormocdaSvidi) evro _ gaweuli xarjebisa da danaxarjebis

anazRaurebis saxiT.

7 mutatis mutandis, bekeri, §49, da guleCi, §82, citirebuli zemoT.8 vaCkovi, §§86-88, da kolevi, citirebuli zemoT, §201, orive citirebuli zemoT.9 moisievi poloneTis winaaRmdeg, #11818/02, §65, 24 marti 2009 da bekeri, citirebuli zemoT, §§55

da 54.


enuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg1

Case of Enukidze and Girgvliani v. Georgia (#25091/07)

2007 wlis 11 ivnissa da 2008 wlis 17 marts irina enuqiZem (romelic garda-icvala 2007 wlis 24 agvistos) da guram girgvlianma ganacxadiT mimarTesstrasburgSi adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da Zi-riTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabami-sad.

2011 wlis 26 aprils sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#25091/07) da daad-gina, rom:

_ ar darRveula konvenciis me-2 muxlis arsebiTi nawili;_ darRveulia konvenciis me-2 muxlis proceduruli nawili;_ dairRva konvenciis 38-e muxli.

rac Seexeba konvenciis me-6 muxlis I nawilis darRvevas, sasamarTlom ga-nacxadi am nawilSi miiCnia dausabuTeblad da Sesabamisad, aRar ganixila;sasamarTlom aseve ar imsjela konvenciis me-3 da me-13 muxlebis savarau-do darRvevaze.


2006 wlis 27 ianvars, daaxloebiT 2300 saaTisaTvis, megobrebis jgufi SeikribaTbilisSi, kafe `SardenSi~. jgufis wevrebs Soris iyvnen: T.s.-aia, Sinagan saq-meTa ministris meuRle, d.a.-aia, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros konstituciuriusafrTxoebis departamentis direqtori, misi moadgile o.m.-ovi, v.s.-Ze, Si-nagan saqmeTa saministros generaluri inspeqciis direqtori, g.d.-Ze, sami-nistros pres-samsaxurisa da ministris spikeri da a.k.-Ze, T.s.-aias megobari.maTTan imyofeboda kidev erTi qali, T.m.-Ze, a.k.-s megobari.

ganmcxadeblebis TqmiT, im saRamos sandro girgvliani da l.b.-Ze kafe `Sar-denSi~ aRniSnul jgufze ufro gvian mividnen. ganmcxadeblebis vaJi imedov-nebda T.m.-Zis naxvas, romelic mas Turme moswonda. kafeSi Sesvlisas igi mivi-da magidasTan, sadac Sinagan saqmeTa ministris meuRle da misi megobrebi is-xdnen, raTa T.m.-Zes misalmeboda. misalmebis Semdeg igi l.b.-ZesTan erTad ax-lo magidasTan dajda. raRac momentSi man T.m.-Zes aniSna maT magidasTan gad-momjdariyo da T.m.-Zemac Seicvala adgili. sandro girgvliansa da T.m-ZesSoris daZabuli saubari daaxloebiT 20-30 wuTs gagrZelda. roca is dabrun-da, Ss ministris meuRlem hkiTxa, rame problema xom ar iyo. T.m.-Zem upasuxa,rom axalgazrda kaci, romelsac is esaubreboda, misi megobari iyo da prob-lema ar arsebobda.

1 konvenciis 45-e muxlis me-2 nawilisa da sasamarTlos reglamentis 74-e muxlis me-2 nawilisSesabamisad, am ganCinebas erTvis Semdegi gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi: mosamarTleebis _ kabralbaretos, joSienesa da popoviCis erTiani, nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri da mosamarTle adeiSvilisnawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri.

enuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdegenuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdegenuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdegenuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdegenuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg



2006 wlis 26 ianvars, daaxloebiT 1500 saaTisaTvis, sandro girgvlianis gvamimisma samma megobarma adgilobrivi macxovreblis daxmarebiT Tbilisis gare-ubanSi, oqroyanaSi, sasaflaosTan ipova, romelic kafe `Sardenidan~ 6.3 ki-lometris daSorebiT mdebareobs. angariSSi naTqvamia, rom sikvdili gamoiw-via xaxis areSi miyenebulma orma Wrilobam. msxverpli asfiqsiiT gardaicva-la, rodesac Wrilobidan xaxaSi gadasuli sisxli sasuleSi gadaiRvara. es se-riozuli, sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi Wriloba iyo.

2006 wlis 28 ianvars Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom mkvlelobis muxliT sisxlissamarTlis saqme aRZra. imave dRes sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRiZra Tavisuf-lebis ukanono aRkveTisa da danaSaulebrivi dajgufebis braldebiTac. ori-ve saqme gaerTianda. 2006 wlis 28 Tebervals oqroyanaSi mdebare erT-erT sax-lSi ganTavsebuli videokameris Canawerebi macxovreblis usafrTxoebis sam-saxuris muSakma amoiRo, romelic imavdroulad Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosdacvis samsaxuris TanamSromelic iyo. Canawerebi 2006 wlis 28 ianvris dilis2-3 saaTamde periods moicavs. 2006 wlis 5 marts saqarTvelos mTavarma pro-kurorma saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 2006 wlis 24 Tebervlisorderis safuZvelze gadawyvita, saqme Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTvis Ca-moerTmia da Tbilisis prokuraturisaTvis gadaeca.

Tbilisis saqalaqo prokuraturis mier CatarebuligamoZiebis nawili

2006 wlis 6 marts Tbilisis saqalaqo prokuraturam Secvala gadawyvetile-ba, romelic pirvel ganmcxadebels samoqalaqo mxaris statuss aniWebda da esgaakeTa im safuZvliT, rom samoqalaqo mxaris statusis miniWeba mxolod da-naSaulis uSualo msxverplis anu ganmcxadeblis SvilisaTvis iyo SesaZlebe-li. vinaidan am SemTxvevaSi uSualo msxverpli gardacvlili iyo, mxolod erT-erT mSobels SeeZlo misi uflebamonacvleoba.

2006 wlis 6 marts l.b.-Zem, rogorc samoqalaqo mxarem, gancxadeba warudginasaqmeze pasuxismgebel gamomZiebels. gancxadebaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom mas amsaqmeSi advokatis daxmareba ar esaWiroeboda da uari Tqva ori mimagrebuliadvokatis momsaxurebaze. imave dRes l.b.-Zes savaraudo damnaSaveebis amoc-nobaSi daxmareba sTxoves advokatis daswrebis gareSe. l.b.-Zem èWvgareSe~amoicno g.a.-ia, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros konstituciuri usafrTxoebisdepartamentis direqtoris moadgile, rogorc erT-erTi piri, romelic mo-tacebasa da oqroyanaSi TavdasxmaSi monawileobda.

da bolos, roca mas oTxi ucnobi mamakaci warudgines, romelTa Soris m.b.-Ze,Sinagan saqmeTa saministros konstituciuri usafrTxoebis departamentis di-reqtoris moadgilec iyo, l.b.-Zem Tqva, rom m.b.-Zis gverdiT mdgomi kaci Se-saZloa, yofiliyo Tavdasxmis monawile, magram 100%-iT darwmunebuli ar iyo.am kacis saxe da aRnagoba waagavda im kacisas, romelic sandros scemda da l.b.-Zes masTan yvelaze naklebi Sexeba hqonda.

2006 wlis 6 marts daakaves g.a.-ia. a.R.-ava da a.a.-uri, aseve _ m.b.-Ze. 2006 wlis 6marts l.b.-Ze samoqalaqo mxaris rolSi daikiTxa.


2006 wlis 1 maiss, sandro girgvlianisa da l.b.-Zis saqmeze pasuxismgebeli ga-momZieblis TxovniT, Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom oTxi eWvmitanilis Ta-namdebobebidan gaTavisuflebis gadawyvetileba miiRo.

sasamarTlo ganxilvebi

2006 wlis 21 ivniss winaswari gamoZieba daixura. pirvel ganmcxadebelsa dal.b.-Zes gasacnobad sisxlis samarTlis saqmis xuTi tomi gadaecaT. 2006 wlis22 ivniss sandro girgvlianisa da l.b.-Zis saqme Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamar-Tlos gadaeca gansaxilvelad.

2006 wlis 20 ivniss g.a.-ias, a.a.-urs, a.R.-avasa da m.b.-Zes brali waeyenaT si-cocxlis mospobis gamomwvevi sxeulis ganzrax dazianebisaTvis, dajgufebismier winaswar ganzraxuli Tavisuflebis ukanonod aRkveTisa da sxva pirebisqonebaze Zaladobisa da dazianebisaTvis. amas garda, g.a.-ia, ssk-is 333-e mux-lis pirveli nawilis Sesabamisad, Zalauflebis gadametebisaTvis iqna bral-debuli. sabraldebo daskvnas erTvoda prokuraturis mier gamoZiebis drosmopovebuli mtkicebulebebis nusxac.

2006 wlis 27 ivniss Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom saqmis ganxilva daiwyo.2006 wlis 6 ivliss Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom g.a.-ia damnaSaved cno daj-gufebis mier Tavisuflebis ukanonod aRkveTasa da sicocxlisTvis saSiS Za-ladobaSi, sxeulis ganzrax mZime dazianebaSi, romelsac sicocxlis mospobamohyva; Tanamdebobrivi uflebamosilebis gadametebasa da sxva piris qonebisdazianebaSi. aseve, a.a.-uri, a.R.-ava da m.b.-Ze damnaSaveebad cnes 143-e muxlisme-2 nawilis à~, `g~ da `T~ punqtebis, 117-e muxlis me-6 nawilisa da 187-e mux-lis pirvel nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis gamo.

2007 wlis 11 ianvars pirvelma ganmcxadebelma sakasacio sarCeli waradginasaapelacio sasamarTlos mier 2006 wlis 11 seqtembers miRebul gadawyveti-lebaze da moiTxova saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Zaladakargu-lad cnoba, procesis dros miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis gauqmeba da saqmisTbilisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis dabruneba. gan-mcxadebelma xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom mis mizans sruli da amomwuravi gamoZie-bis Catareba warmoadgenda.

2007 wlis 27 ivliss saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom, romelic gasaCiv-rebis umaRles instancias warmoadgens, daadgina, rom Sinagan saqmeTa sami-nistros oTxi yofili TanamSromlis _ msjavrdebulebis brali sxva piris qo-nebis dazianebasTan dakavSirebiT ar iyo jerovnad dadasturebuli da isiniam braldebisgan gaaTavisufla, patimrobis vadebi eqvsi TviT Seumcira, mag-ram danarCeni gadawyvetilebebi ZalaSi datova.

rac Seexeba saCivars mtkicebulebebis xelmisawvdomobasTan dakavSirebiT,uzenaesma sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom es sakiTxi pirveli instanciis sasamar-Tlom ganixila da mas Semdeg raime mniSvnelovani garemoeba ar warmoSobila,romelic sssk-is 553-e muxlis me-4 nawilis gamoyenebas mizanSewonils gaxdi-da. garda amisa, pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis Sesaxeb




saapelacio sarCeli wardgenili ar yofila. da bolos, pirveli ganmcxadeb-lis Suamdgomlobebis mizani oTxi msjavrdebulis garda sxva pirebis samar-TalSi micemac iyo. Tumca, sssk-is me-15 muxlis me-5 nawilisa da 439-e muxlisme-3 nawilis mixedviT, sasamarTlo sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis organos arwarmoadgens da misi gansjadoba braldebiT dadgenili sasjelis farglebsver gascdeba.


konvenciis me-2 muxlis proceduruli nawilissavaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom konvenciis me-2 muxlis mixedviT saxelmwifo val-debulia, sicocxlis ufleba uzrunvelyos efeqturi sakanonmdeblo regu-laciebis miRebiT, romelTa mizanic aris adamianis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli da-naSaulis aRmofxvra. amgvari gamoZiebis Catarebis valdebuleba mkvlelobis,an sikvdilis saeWvo SemTxvevebSi warmoiSveba _ miuxedavad imisa, TavdamsxmelikerZo piri iyo, saxelmwifo agenti Tu ucnobi mxare.2

gamoZieba warmatebulad CaiTvleba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu igi Sesabamisi faqtebisdadgenasa da pasuxismgebeli pirebis identifikacias SeZlebs. saxelmwifomyvela Sesabamisi zoma unda miiRos incidentTan dakavSirebuli yvela mtkice-bulebis misaRebad. gamoZiebis daskvnebi yvela Sesabamisi elementis amomwu-rav, miukerZoebel da obieqtur analizs unda eyrdnobodes.

udavoa, rom ganmcxadeblebis Svilis sikvdilis gamoZieba namdvilad Catar-da. Tumca, saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlos seriozuli eWviaqvs am gamoZiebis efeqturobasa da ganuxrelobasTan dakavSirebiT, rac mTav-robam werilobiTi masalebis warmodgenis an zepiri gancxadebebis dros veraCvena.

miuxedavad imisa, rom gamoZiebis adreuli etapidanve naTeli iyo Sss-s war-momadgenelTa danaSaulSi monawileoba, igive organo gamoZiebaze pasuxis-mgebel pirad mainc sakmaod didi xnis ganmavlobaSi _ 2006 wlis 5 martamderCeboda.

aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom gamoZiebis is nawili,romelic Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom 2006 wlis 26 ianvridan 5 martamde gana-xorciela da romlis drosac gamoZiebisaTvis gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis mqonemtkicebulebebis amoReba moxda, aSkarad ar iyo damoukidebeli da miukerZo-ebeli. am proceduruli faqtorebis ararseobis gamo gamoZiebis Semdegi eta-pebi winaswari SegonebiT warimarTa.3

rac Seexeba Tbilisis saqalaqo prokuraturis mier Catarebul gamoZiebas, sa-

2 angelova da ilievi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, #55523/00, § 92, ECHR 2007 IX da rancevi kviprosisa daruseTis winaaRmdeg, #25965/04, § 232, ECHR 2010 ... (amonawerebi).

3 kolevi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, 1108/02, §§ 208 da 212, 5 noemberi 2009.


samarTlos miaCnia, rom erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani darRveva iyo am or-ganos mier ganmcxadeblebisaTvis mniSvnelovan sagamoZiebo RonisZiebebSi mo-nawileobis uflebaze uaris Tqma, miuxedavad imisa, rom ganmcxadeblebi mud-mivad cdilobdnen bolomde CarTuliyvnen mocemuli saqmis ZiebaSi. sasamar-TlosaTvis sawyenia is, rom saxelmwifo braldebis organom ganmcxadeblebsarc ki acnoba maTi aryofnis dros Catarebuli sagamoZiebo zomebis Sedege-bis Sesaxeb. amis gamo ganmcxadeblebi srul vakuumSi iyvnen gamoZiebis mimdi-nareobasTan dakavSirebiT, risi mizeziTac sakuTari kanonieri proceduru-li interesebis dacvis saSualeba ar miecaT.4

sasamarTlo Sewuxebulia, rom prokuraturam ver daadgina garemoebebi, rom-lis drosac sandro girgvlianma sxeulis sxvadasxva nawilze auracxeli Wri-loba miiRo, gansakuTrebiT ki _ yelze. maSin, roca sasamarTlo eqspertizamdaadgina, rom am Wrilobebidan umetesoba, maT Soris xaxaze miyenebuli sasik-vdilo Wriloba mWreli, wvetiani da saxeluriani sagniT, savaraudod, daniTiyo miyenebuli, prokuraturam saWirod ar CaTvala gamoeZiebina da aexsna saq-mis specifikuri faqtebis konteqsti da is, Tu konkretulad rogor, ra mWre-li iaraRiT da oTx braldebuls Soris romelma miayena es Wrilobebi.5 sasa-marTlos eWvic ar epareba, rom garda sxva faqtorebisa, am mniSvnelovani ele-mentebis dadgena danaSaulis Sesabamis klasifikaciaze moaxdenda zegavle-nas. amis magivrad, miuxedavad sifrTxilis gamoCenis saWiroebis mqone niSne-bis arsebobisa, prokuraturam damakmayofileblad CaTvala da miiRo bral-debulebis axsna-ganmarteba, rom maT raime mWreli sagani ar gamouyenebiaTda sandro girgvlianma es Wrilobebi `mavTulbadian Robeze~ an èkal-bar-debSi~ miiRo, rac aSkarad ewinaaRmdegeboda kvalificiuri saxelmwifo eq-spertis daskvnas am Wrilobebis warmoSobis Taobaze.6

sasamarTlo ukmayofiloa im faqtis gamo, rom prokuraturam da sasjelaR-srulebis departamentma ver moaxerxes oTxi braldebulis cal-calke sak-nebSi ganTavseba, rac am movlenebis mimdinareobis dros moqmedi patimrobisSesaxeb kanonis 86-e muxlis meore nawiliT pirdapir iyo moTxovnili.

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom adgilobriv sasamarTlo procesebSi yvelaze dididarRveva iyo is, rom adgilobrivi sasamarTlo ganmcxadeblebs saqmis masa-lebis gasacnobad saWiro droisa da SesaZleblobis micemaze ganuwyveteluars eubneboda, rac ganmcxadeblebs procesisaTvis sakuTari poziciis mom-zadebisa da efeqturi monawileobis saSualebas ar aZlevda.

sasamarTlo gansakuTrebiT gaocebulia im faqtiT, rom roca l.b.-Zem, sasa-marTlo mosmenebamde gakeTebuli gancxadebebis Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo-zec _ da amjerad ufro damajereblad da sagamoZiebo da sasamarTlo mxaree-bis sayuradRebod _ ganacxada, rom o.m.-ovi iyo TavdasxmaSi monawile meoTxepiri, romelic gansakuTrebuli sisastikiT gamoirCeoda misi da sandros mi-marT, am uflebamosilma organoebma, nacvlad imisa, rom saWiro yuradReba

4 slimani safrangeTis winaaRmdeg, no .57671/00, §§44, 46-48, ECHR 2004 IX; orhani TurqeTiswinaaRmdeg, no.25656/94, §346, 18/06/2002; bekeri TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no.27866/03, §49, 24 marti2009 da guleCi, §82.

5 ix. vaCkovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, no. 2747/02, § 91, 8 ivlisi 2010.6 ix. velikova bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, #41488/98, §73, ECHR 2000 VI.




gamoeCinaT, arCies Tvali daexuWaT am seriozul da aSkara braldebaze. uf-lebamosili organoebi auxsnelad inertulebi darCnen mas Semdegac, rac gan-mcxadeblebma o.m.-ovis winaaRmdeg sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra moiTxo-ves l.b.-Zis, uSualo msxverplis gancxadebis safuZvelze. sasamarTlos az-riT, o.m.-ovis _ ministris meuRlis magidasTan myofi jgufis wevris _ sisxlissamarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema aucilebel zomas warmoadgenda imis dasad-genad, marTlac iyo Tu ara raime Tanamonawileoba Tavdamsxmelebsa da jgu-fis wevrebs Soris, rogorc amas ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen.7

sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom miuxedavad seriozuli garemoebebisa, romlebicgansakuTrebul sifrTxiles saWiroebda, xelisuflebis organoebma yurad-Reba ar miaqcies ganmcxadeblis safuZvlian versias kafeSi myofi Sinagan saq-meTa ministris meuRlis megobrebis jgufsa da danaSaulis uSualo ganmaxor-cieleblebs Soris kavSiris Sesaxeb. adgilobrivi organoebis amgvari seleq-ciuri midgoma sasamarTlosaTvis miuRebelia, vinaidan gamoZiebis efeqtu-robis mizniT misi daskvnebi yovelTvis unda efuZnebodes yvela saWiro ele-mentis obieqtur da miukerZoebel analizs. gamoZiebis swori mimarTulebiTwayvanis SeuZlebloba eWvqveS ayenebs gamoZiebis mxaris unars, daadginos saq-misaTvis mniSvnelovani garemoebebi da pasuxismgebeli pirebi.8

sasamarTlos azriT, Tu sicocxlis mospoba saeWvo garemoebebSi saxelmwifomoxelis xelidan xdeba, Sesabamisma adgilobrivma organoebma gamoZiebis war-marTvis dros gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda gamoCinon. winaaRmdeg Sem-TxvevaSi, sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi amgvari qmedebebis mimarT tolerantobisgamoCeniT saxelmwifo riskavs Tavis TanamSromlebSi dausjelobis SegrZne-bis Canergvas.

Sesabamisad, darRveulia konvenciis me-2 muxlis proceduruli sakiTxebi.

konvenciis me-2 muxlis arsebiTi nawilisdarRvevasTan dakavSirebiT

sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom sicocxlis uflebis fundamenturi bunebidan ga-momdinare, is garemoebebi, romlebic sicocxlis xelyofas amarTlebs, mkac-rad unda iqnes Camoyalibebuli. konvenciis me-2 muxli kart blanSs ar iZleva.saxelmwifo moxeleebis mxridan gauwonasworebeli da TviTneburi moqmede-ba adamianis uflebebis pativiscemis Seusabamo qmedebas warmoadgens. es ase-ve niSnavs Semdegs: saxelmwifom uflebamosilebis gadametebisa da TviTne-buri moqmedebis sawinaaRmdegod adekvaturi da efeqturi damcavi sistemebiunda SemoiRos, raTa uzrunvelyos, rom misma agentebma kargad gaacnobie-ron sakuTari Zalauflebis zRvari da TavianT saqmianobaSi ixelmZRvanelonaramxolod profesiuli regulaciebiT, aramed saWiro doneze pativi scenadamianis uflebebs, rogorc fundamenturi Rirebulebis mqone instituts.9

7 ix. brekneli, §§70-71; kolevi, §201; da slimani, §29.8 ix. kolevi, naxsenebi zemoT, §201 da velikova, naxsenebi zemoT §82.9 ix. saWiro SesworebebiT abdula ilmazi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no.21899/02, §56, 17 ivnisi 2008;

leonidisi, §§54-57.


sasamarTlo Tavisi, rogorc damxmare meqanizmis, rolidan gamomdinare ac-nobierebs, rom Tavi unda Seikavos pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos funqci-ebis Sesrulebisgan, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca amis Tavidan acileba SeuZ-lebelia, konkretuli saqmidan gamomdinare. miuxedavad amisa, roca yvelabraldeba konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebis farglebSi Tavsdeba, sasamarTlomam saqmes gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcios im SemTxvevaSic ki, rocaukve Catarda garkveuli adgilobrivi procedurebi da gamoZieba. sasamarTlovaldebuli ar aris, adgilobrivi sasamarTlos aRmoCenebi gaiTvaliswinos;damajerebeli elementebis SemTxvevaSi igi SesaZloa, gascdes da yuradRebaar miaqcios amgvar aRmoCenebs.10

sasamarTlo, iziarebs ra mTavrobis argumentebs, gansakuTrebul yuradRe-bas aqcevs im faqts, rom sandro girgvliani saxelmwifo moxeleebis xelidangardaicvala, miuxedavad imisa, rom es adamianebi mocemul momentSi oficia-luri uflebamosilebis farglebSi ar moqmedebdnen. adgilobrivi sasamar-Tloebis mier dadgenili saqmis garemoebebis mixedviT, danaSauli moxdamsjavrdebulebis megobris dabadebis dReze da isini moqmedebdnen, rogorckerZo pirebi da ara rogorc saxelmwifo moxeleebi. isini raime dagegmil ope-raciasa Tu spontanur devnaSi CarTulebi ar yofilan. rac Seexeba ganmcxa-deblebis versias, rom maTi Svili kafeSi myofi Sinagan saqmeTa saministroswarmomadgenelTa SekveTiT mokles, sasamarTlos saqmis mocemuli masale-bis gaTvaliswinebiT miaCnia, rom Sesabamisi `gonivrul eWvs miRma~ mtkicebu-lebis standartis gamoyenebiT mocemul faqtze amgvari masStaburi daskvnisgamotanisaTvis mtkicebulebebi arasakmarisia.

saxelmwifoebs sakuTar samarTaldamcav struqturebSi maRali profesiulistandartebis SemoReba evalebaT, rac am sistemaSi moRvawe adamianebis maRa-li kriteriumebiT Sefasebas uzrunvelyofs.11 Tumca, mocemuli saqmis gare-moebebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo ar aris darwmunebuli, rom g.a.-ias, a.a.-uris, a.R.-avasa da m.b.-Zis kerZo qmedeba mTlianad unda mieweros saqarTve-los saxelmwifos mxolod imitom, rom es pirebi misi agentebi iyvnen.12 da mar-Tlac, Cadenili qmedeba imdenad Semzaravad Seuracxmyofeli iyo da imdenadaRemateboda Tavdamsxmelebis oficialur statuss, rom maTi seriozuli kri-minaluri qmedeba ver warmoSobs saxelmwifos arsebiT saerTaSoriso pasu-xismgeblobas.

amgvarad, konvenciis me-2 muxlis arsebiTi mxare ar darRveula.

konvenciis 38-e muxlis savaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom moTxovnili mtkicebulebebis dagvianebiT wardge-nasa da nawilobriv warudgenlobasTan dakavSirebuli mTavrobis argumente-bi damajerebeli ar aris. werilobiT pasuxebSi mTavrobam ver moaxerxa, gae-marTlebina es darRveva da dumili SeinarCuna mas Semdegac ki, rac ganmcxa-

10 ix. aktaSi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg no.24351/94, § 271, ECHR 2003-V da leonidisi, §59.11 ix. saWiro SesworebebiT abdula ilmazi, naxsenebi zemoT, §§56-57.12 ix. saWiro SesworebebiT Celiki TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no. 39326/02, §33, 27/05/2010




deblebma maT kidev erTxel dasdes brali 2010 wlis 27 aprils gamarTuli sa-jaro mosmenis dros.

mopasuxe mTavrobis konvenciasTan TanamSromlobisa da amgvar rTul saqme-ze faqtebis dadgenis sirTulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom mo-cemul saqmesTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos mTavrobam ver moaxerxa konven-ciis 38-e muxliT nakisri valdebulebebis Sesruleba.

konvenciis me-6 muxlis I nawilis savaraudo darRveva

unda aRiniSnos, rom ganmcxadeblebis saCivari sisxlis samarTlis procedu-rebis TviTneburobis Sesaxeb imave faqtebs efuZneba, romelic konvenciis me-2 muxlis farglebSi iqna ganxiluli. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom misidasaSvebobis sakiTxi arsebiT mxaresTan unda gaerTiandes. Tumca, mraval-mxrivi faqtobrivi da iuridiuli aRmoCenebidan gamomdinare da me-6 muxlispirveli nawilis gamoyenebis SezRudvis gareSe sasamarTlo adgens, rom gan-mcxadeblebis yvela saCivari konvenciis me-2 muxlis farglebSi iqna ganxi-luli da am sakiTxebis me-6 muxlis pirveli nawilis farglebSi ganxilvis sa-Wiroeba aRar aris.

rac Seexeba samoqalaqo procesebis samarTlianobasTan dakavSirebul saCi-vars, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom igi sworad ar iyo Camoyalibebuli, vinaidanganmcxadeblebs mis mxardasaWerad raime specifikuri mtkicebuleba ar war-moudgeniaT. Sesabamisad, ganmcxadeblis saCivari konvenciis me-6 muxlis I pun-qtis farglebSi dausabuTebelia da konvenciis 35-e muxlis mesame da meoTxenawilebis Tanaxmad ver dakmayofildeba.

konvenciis me-3 da me-13 muxlebis safuZvelzewamoyenebuli pretenziebi

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom me-3 da me-13 muxlebis farglebSi aRZruli saCiva-ri axlo kavSirSia me-2 muxlis farglebSi ganxilul sakiTxebTan da, Sesabami-sad, dasaSvebad unda gamocxaddes.

Tumca, konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRvevebis aRmoCenili faqtebidan gamomdi-nare, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom me-3 da me-13 muxlebis farglebSi calke sa-kiTxebi ar warmoiSveba.13

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo:

_ eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-2 muxli pro-ceduruli kuTxiT, ganmcxadeblebis Svilis mkvlelobis saqmis araefeq-turi gamoZiebis TvalsazrisiT;

_ oTxi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom ganmcxadeblebis Svilis Sinagan saq-meTa saministros maRalCinosnebis mxridan mkvlelobis saqmeSi konvenci-

1 3 ix. nikolaeva da veliCkova, §§77-78; angelova da ilievi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, §106.


is me-2 muxlis arsebiTi mxare ar darRveula;_ eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis 38-e muxli;_ erTxmad adgens, rom gancxadebis danarCeni nawilis ganxilvis saWiroeba

ar arsebobs;_ oTxi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg uaryofs ganmcxadeblis danarCen moTxovnebs

samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan dakavSirebiT.

_ eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom meore gan-mcxadebels am ganCinebis saboloo ZalaSi Sesvlidan sami Tvis vadaSi undagadauxados Semdegi Tanxa:

a) 50,000 (ormocdaaTi aTasi) evro _ moraluri zianis saxiT da nebismieri ga-dasaxadi, romelic am TanxasTan SeiZleba iyos dakavSirebuli;

b) 388 (samas oTxmocdarva) evro _ xarjebisa da danaxarjebisaTvis da asevenebismieri gadasaxadi, romelic am TanxasTan SeiZleba iyos dakavSirebu-li.

mosamarTleebis _ kabral baretos, joSienesa da popoviCis erTiani,nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri

Cven, kolegebis umetesobasTan erTad, mxari davuWireT konvenciis me-2 mux-lis proceduruli darRvevis arsebobas, magram aseve gvjera, rom mocemulsaqmeSi me-2 muxlis arsebiTi mxarec darRveulia. saamisod Semdegi mizezebigagvaCnia: saqmeSi ̀ Cakisi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg~ ([GC], no.23657/94, §86, ECHR 1999-IV) sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom konvenciis me-2 muxli, romelic sicocxlis uf-lebas icavs, konvenciis erT-erTi yvelaze fundamenturi regulaciaa da me-3muxlTan erTad evrosabWos Semadgeneli demokratiuli qveynebis erT-erTZiriTad Rirebulebas icavs.14 dakisrebuli valdebuleba mxolod saxelmwi-fo moxeleebis mier Zalis gamoyenebiT ganzrax mkvlelobas ar moicavs. me-2muxlis pirveli nawilis pirveli winadadeba saxelmwifoebs sicocxlis dac-vas kanonis meSveobiTac avaldebulebs.

am TvalsazrisiT, Cven migvaCnia, rom me-2 muxlis pirveli nawili saxelmwi-fos aramxolod sicocxlis ganzrax da arakanonier mospobisgan Tavis Seka-vebas avaldebulebs, aramed aseve saWiro nabijebs dgams misi iurisdiqciisqveS myofi adamianebis sicocxlis dasacavad. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos mo-valeobas warmoadgens saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare daadginos, gaa-keTa Tu ara saxelmwifom yvelaferi, rac moeTxoveboda, raTa ganmcxadeb-lis sicocxlisaTvis riski aeridebina.15 ufro metic, sasamarTlom saqmeSièrTaki TurqeTis winaaRmdeg~ (ECHR 2000-V, §132) ganacxada, rom `xelisuf-lebas evaleba angariSvaldebuli iyos maTi kontrolis qveS myofi adamiane-bis mimarT~.

1 4 ix. makkani da sxvebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 27/09/1995, §§146-47;15 ix. L.C.B. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, no. 23413/94, §36, angariSebi 1998-III.




mocemuli saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare aSkaraa, rom b-ni sandro gir-gvlianis sicocxle 2006 wlis 28 ianvars namdvilad saxelmwifo moxeleebisxelSi iyo, romlebmac misi sicocxle sasikvdilo riskis winaSe daayenes da amdanaSaulis Camdenebad mogvevlinnen.

am poziciis mxardaWeris mizniT Cven xazs vusvamT Semdeg faqtebs: (a) im dana-Saulis Camdenebi, romlis Sedegadac sandro girgvlianis sicocxle iqna mos-pobili, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosnebi iyvnen. (b) mocemul Ra-mes sandro girgvliansa da meore msxverplTan pirveli kontaqtis dros dam-naSaveebma maT Tavi policiis muSakebad warudgines. (g) erT-erTma polici-elma msxverplebis piradobis mowmobebis mopoveba scada. (d) damnaSaveebmadanaSaulis Casadenad Sinagan saqmeTa saministros avtofarexSi arsebuli man-qanebi gamoiyenes. amgvari manqanebis gamoyeneba mxolod policiis muSakebsSeeZloT. (e) danaSaulis Cadenisas policielebs Tan hqondaT sakuTari samsa-xurebrivi iaraRi. miuxedavad imisa, rom maT es iaraRi ar gamouyenebiaTmsxverplis sicocxlis mosaspobad, dadgenilia, rom iaraRidan gasrola mox-da im qmedebebis dros, rasac Sedegad sandro girgvlianis sikvdili mohyva.(v) erT-erTma damnaSavem, Tanamonawileebis mobilizaciisa da danaSaulSi Car-Tvis mizniT, misi ierarqiuli upiratesoba gamoiyena. amis xazgasma mizanSewo-nilia, vinaidan is amyarebs Cvens aRmoCenas, rom damnaSaveebma danaSaulis Ca-denis mizniT TavianTi oficialuri Tanamdebobebi gamoiyenes. (z) sandro gir-gvlianma sicocxle policiis muSakebis mier daundobeli cemis Sedegad da-karga iseT adgilas, sadac raime daxmarebis miReba SeuZlebeli iyo da sadacTavdamsxmelebis rolSi myof adamianebs, samsaxurebrivi movaleobidan ga-momdinare, sxva, msgavs situaciaSi myofi msxverplis daxmareba evalebodaT.am danaSaulis Camdenebi aramxolod Zalauflebis gadametebiT (ultra vires) moq-medebdnen; maT ganzrax Caidines danaSauli, miuxedavad imisa, rom maTi upir-velesi movaleoba konkretulad danaSaulis aRkveTa gaxldaT. aseve, mniSvne-lovani kiTxvaa, SeiZleba Tu ara damnaSaveebis qmedeba saxelmwifos mieweros.Cveni pasuxi am kiTxvaze aris dadebiTi, yovelgvari eWvis gareSe.

saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, saxelmwifo pasuxismgebelia Tavi-si moxeleebis qmedebaze. mocemul saqmeSi Tavdamsxmelebi saxelmwifo agen-tebi, maRali rangis policiis oficrebi iyvnen da amgvaradac moqmedebdnen.saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobis farglebSi saxelmwifo Tavs ver gaiTavisuf-lebs paxusmgeblobisagan imis aRniSvniT, rom am moxeleebis motivebi saxel-mwifo politikas ewinaaRmdegeba. saerTaSoriso samarTlis mier saxelmwifo-ze dakisrebuli pasuxismgebloba misi agentebis qmedebidan gamomdinareobs,miuxedavad damnaSaveebis motivisa.

ufro metic, aramxolod saerTaSoriso, aramed Sida kanonmdeblobiTac sa-xelmwifo valdebulia, Tavisi moxeleebi yuradRebiT SearCios. am dros sa-xelmwifom mkacri kriteriumebi unda gamoiyenos da saerTaSoriso valdebu-lebebis Sesrulebis mizniT movaleobebi da valdebulebebi maRali xarisxiT,umaRlesi profesiuli standartebiT unda gaataros. sasamarTlom saqmeSi àb-dula ilmazi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg~ (no. 21899/02, § 57) naTlad aRniSna, rom`saxelmwifo valdebulia, uzrunvelyos Tavisi profesionalebis kompeten-ciis umaRlesi done~. Cven am wess srulad veTanxmebiT da vTvliT, rom sasa-marTlos yvela Sesabamisi saqmisaTvis igi savaldebulo unda iyos.


Cveni azriT, naTlad Cans, rom saqarTvelom ver moaxerxa policiis muSakebisSesabamisi yuradRebiT SerCeva konvenciiT dakisrebuli standartis Sesas-ruleblad.

mocemul saqmeSi damnaSaveebi samarTaldamcavi struqturebis warmomadgen-lebi, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosnebi arian, romelTac, sakuTa-ri saqmianobis bunebidan gamomdinare, yovelTvis _ samuSaos Sesrulebis pro-cesSi, Tu mis gareT _ samagaliTo qceva moeTxovebaT, vinaidan isini wesrigisdacvaze, samoqalaqo usafrTxoebaze, danaSaulis prevenciasa da gamoZieba-ze pasuxismgebeli samarTaldamcavebis statusis matareblebi arian. maT yve-la zoma unda mieRoT ganmcxadeblebis Svilis sicocxlis saSiSi riskisgan da-sacavad.

Sesabamisad, Seusabamo samarTaldamcavi TanamSromlebis SerCeviT saxelmwi-fom konvenciis me-2 muxlis arsebiTi mxare daarRvia. im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tumocemul muSakebs sakuTari motivebi amoZravebdaT, rac, Cveni azriT, saeW-voa da jer kidev dasadgenia, Cans, rom samarTaldamcavi sistema ver akmayo-filebs saWiro standartebs mocemul saqmeSi. es gvaZlevs saSualebas davas-kvnaT, rom im policielebis qmedeba, romlebmac adamianis sicocxlis mospo-biT dasrulebuli danaSauli Caidines, uSualod saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblo-bas unda warmoadgendes. swored amis gamo migvaCnia, rom konvenciis me-2 mux-li, garda am saqmeSi arsebuli sxva darRvevebisa, misi arsebiTi Tvalsazrisi-Tac dairRva.

41-e muxlis samarTliani dakmayofilebis Sesaxeb vacxadebT, rom konvenciisme-2 muxlis ormagi darRveva, Cveni azriT, ufro met gadasaxdels imsaxurebsmoraluri zianis saxiT.

mosamarTle adeiSvilis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri

me vwuxvar, rom konvenciis me-2 da 38-e muxlebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebulsakiTxze sasamarTlos umravlesobas ver veTanxmebi.

konvenciis me-3 muxlis proceduruli mxaris interpretaciisa da gamoyene-bis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT me mjera, rom umravlesobam subsidiarulobisprincipiT, konvenciis qvakuTxediT ixelmZRvanela. mocemul saqmeSi sasamar-Tlos mainc mouwia saapelacio organos rolis Sesruleba, romelsac igi Tav-dapirvelad ar apirebda. mis praqtikaSi sasamarTlos xSirad uwevs balansisdacva subsidiarulobasa da zedamxedvelobas Soris. ̀ belgiis ganaTlebis sis-temaSi enebis gamoyenebis kanonmdeblobis zogi aspeqtis Sesaxeb belgiis wi-naaRmdeg (arsebiTi mxare)~ saqmeSi sasamarTlom uari Tqva `Tavis Tavze aeRokompetenturi adgilobrivi organoebis roli, vinaidan amgvarad igi konven-ciis mier dawesebuli koleqtiuri aRsrulebis saerTaSoriso meqanizmis sub-sidiarul bunebas dakargavda~ (§10, sasamarTlos mier miRebuli interpreta-cia 1968 wlis 23 ivlisis ganCinebaa). mocemuli saqme swored im princips uq-mnis safrTxes, romelic sistemis efeqturobis garantias warmoadgens.

me-2 muxlis proceduruli nawilis sakanonmdeblo organos mier darRvevisdadgenis dros sasamarTlom adgilobriv sasamarTloebs miawera is ramdeni-




me, sxva qmedebac, romlebic ver CaiTvleba sasamarTlo sistemis funqciebadda, Sesabamisad, ver miewereba mas. magaliTad, sasamarTlos mier 261-e-266-epunqtebSi aRwerili definiciebi adgilobrivi sasamarTloebis qmedebasTankavSirSi ar aris.

mocemul dros moqmedi kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, sasamarTlo marTlmsaju-lebis erTaderTi organo iyo. adgilobriv sasamarTloebs gamoZiebis Tavaddawyebis an mtkicebulebebis Segrovebis uflebamosileba ar gaaCndaT. es pro-kuraturis movaleoba iyo.

mocemul ganCinebaSi sasamarTlo akritikebs adgilobrivi sasamarTloebisinertulobas, magram ismis kiTxva: hqondaT Tu ara mocemul dros adgilob-riv sasamarTloebs is meqanizmebi, rac sasamarTlo sistemisaTvis dRes waye-nebuli xarvezebis aRmosafxvreladaa saWiro. pasuxia, rom sasamarTlos mierzeda punqtebSi moyvanili sakiTxebi sagamoZiebo organoebs unda aexsnaT daara _ adgilobriv sasamarTloebs, vinaidan mocemul dros adgilobriv sasa-marTlos saqmis damatebiTi gamoZiebisTvis dabrunebis uflebamosilebac kiar hqonda prokuroris Tanxmobis gareSe. amgvarad, arasworia yvela am prob-lemis sasamarTlo xelisuflebisTvis dakisreba, roca am ukanasknels maTigamosworebis saSualeba ar hqonda.

rac Seexeba 38-e muxls, ar veTanxmebi umravlesobis mier sasamarTlos pre-cedentebis gamoyenebas. ramdenime SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlom 38-e muxlis dar-Rvevas miagno maSin, roca moTxovnili masalebi mas arasodes wardgenia.16

saqmeSi àlixaJieva ruseTis winaaRmdeg~ (#68007/01) mopasuxe mTavrobam saq-mis masalebi mxolod gancxadebis dasaSvebad gamocxadebis Semdeg gadasca.unda aRiniSnos, rom mTavrobam pirdapir Tqva uari saqmis masalebis komuni-kaciis etapze wardgenaze. Tumca, 104-e punqtSi sasamarTlom aRniSna: `racSeexeba 38-e muxls, sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom igi gamoyenebadia im saqmeebSi,romlebic dasaSvebad arian miCneulebi. sasamarTlos mier dasaSvebobis ga-dawyvetilebis miRebis Semdeg mTavrobis mier pirobebis Sesrulebis gaTva-liswinebiT sasamarTlo acxadebs, rom moTxovnili informaciis dagvianebiTwarmodgenas faqtebis dadgenisaTvis an mocemuli saqmis Sesabamisad ganxil-visaTvis xeli ar SeuSlia. am garemoebebidan gamomdinare sasamarTlo acxa-debs, rom sasamarTlos mier moTxovnili dokumentebis dagvianebiT wardge-nasTan dakavSirebiT konvenciis 38-e muxli ar darRveula.~

sasamarTlos am ganmartebidan SesaZloa vivaraudoT, rom saqmis masalebisdagvianebiT wardgena 38-e muxlis darRvevad CaiTvleba, Tu: (1) dagvianebaprocesis iseT etapze xdeba, roca saqme arsebiTad ixileba; (2) dagvianebisSedegad xeli eSleba faqtebis dadgenas; (3) dagvianeba iseTi saxisaa, rom sxvag-varad xeli eSleba saqmis sworad ganxilvas.

mocemul saqmeSi arc erTi zemoT xsenebuli piroba ar yofila. saqmis dasaS-veboba da arsebiTi mxare erTsa da imave dros iqna ganxiluli da am ganxilvis

16 ix. imakaeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg no.7615/02, §201; lianova da alieva ruseTis winaaRmdeg nos.12713/02; 28440/03, §145; nevmerJicki ukrainis winaaRmdeg no.54825/00 §77.


periodSi yvela moTxovnili masala sasamarTlos hqonda. amavdroulad, dag-vianeba iseTi ar yofila, rom saqmeze faqtebis dadgenas an sxvagvarad gan-xilvas xeli SeSloda. am saqmeze miRebuli ganCineba pirdapir aCvenebs, rom,miRebuli masalebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom Sesabamisi faqtobrivi mo-sazreba gamoitana da Sesabamisi iuridiuli daskvnac gaakeTa. araferi miuTi-Tebs imaze, rom sasamarTlom ver moaxerxa Tavisi funqciebis Sesruleba mTav-robis mier konvenciiT nakisri uflebebis Seusruleblobis gamo. Sesabami-sad, am saqmeSi ar iyo arc erTi elementi, romelsac SeeZlo 38-e muxlis dar-Rveva gamoewvia.

es precedenti konvenciis 38-e muxlis gamoyenebisaTvis saSiS midgomas qmnis,vinaidan misi meSveobiT mTavrobebs SesaZloa ar moundeT sasamarTlosaTvismaT xelT arsebuli masalebis wardgena, vinaidan ician, rom Tu am masalebsgarkveuli dagvianebiT waradgenen, sasamarTlom SesaZloa 38-e muxlis dar-Rveva mainc daadginos. amgvari midgoma saukeTeso ar aris, sasamarTlos um-Tavresi miznis Sesrulebis TvalsazrisiT.




saRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg1

Case of Saghinadze and others v. Georgia (#18768/05)

2005 wlis 27 aprils saqarTvelos eqvsma moqalaqem _ baTalbi saRinaZem(`pirveli ganmcxadebeli~), lia saRinaZem (`meore ganmcxadebeli~), vasilsaRinaZem (`mesame ganmcxadebeli~), nana bliaZem (`meoTxe ganmcxadebeli~),qeTevan saRinaZem (`mexuTe ganmcxadebeli~) da nino saRinaZem (`meeqvse gan-mcxadebeli~) ganacxadiT mimarTa strasburgSi adamianis uflebaTa sasa-marTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropu-li konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

2010 wlis 27 maiss sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#18768/05) da erTsu-lovnad daadgina, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-6 muxlis I nawili, me-13muxli da pirveli oqmis I muxli.


ganmcxadeblebi (garda meoTxe ganmcxadeblisa) warmoadgenen 1992-93 wlebSiafxazeTSi ganviTarebuli SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Sedegad iZulebiT ga-daadgilebul pirebs. pirvel ganmcxadebels maRali Tanamdeboba ekava afxa-zeTis Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi. 1994 wlis ianvarSi saqarTvelos SinagansaqmeTa ministrma mas SesTavaza saministros sagamoZiebo departamentis xel-mZRvanelis posti. mas Semdeg, rac pirvelma ganmcxadebelma miiRo SeTavaze-buli Tanamdeboba, is da misi ojaxi Sesaxldnen saministros kuTvnil kotej-Si, romelic mdebareobda Tbilisis gareubanSi, avWalis quCaze, #15-Si (`ko-teji~).

2000 wlis 20 aprils saministrom gasca werili, romelic adasturebda pirve-li ganmcxadeblis mier kotejisa da misi mimdebare teritoriis flobis mar-Tlzomierebas. werilis Tanaxmad, pirveli ganmcxadebeli da misi ojaxi ko-tejSi Sesaxldnen 1994 wels, Sinagan saqmeTa ministris mier gacemuli brZane-bis safuZvelze, romelic emyareboda 1996 wlis 28 ivnisis aqts iZulebiT ga-daadgilebul pirTa da devnilTa Sesaxeb. werilSi aseve miTiTebuli iyo, romsakuTreba droebiTia, magram periodi ar iyo dakonkretebuli da rom mesa-kuTre valdebulia, gaufrTxildes sakuTrebas. werilis asli informaciisaT-vis gadaeca adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organos.

kalaZis saqme

2003 wels momxdari `vardebis revoluciis~ Semdeg axlad daniSnulma Ss mi-nistrma gamoiZaxa pensiaze gasuli pirveli ganmcxadebeli da sTxova exel-mZRvanela kalaZis saqmis gamoZiebisaTvis. es iyo gaxmaurebuli sisxlis sa-

1 konvenciis 45-e muxlis II punqtisa da sasamarTlos reglamentis 74-e muxlis II punqtis Tanaxmad,ganaCens darTuli aqvs: mosamarTle joSienes nawilobriv Tanmxvedri mosazreba da mosamarTlekabral baretos nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba.


saRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegsaRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegsaRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegsaRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdegsaRinaZe da sxvebi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

marTlis saqme, romlis gaxsnasac 2001 wlidan uSedegod cdilobdnen samar-Taldamcavebi da romelic Seexeboda kaxa kalaZis _ `milanis~ safexburToklubSi moTamaSe cnobili qarTveli fexburTelis Zmis gatacebasa da gauCi-narebas. pirvelma ganmcxadebelma miiRo SemoTavazeba; Sinagan saqmeTa minis-tris 2003 wlis 13 dekembris brZanebiT igi daawinaures, mianiWes policiis pol-kovnikis wodeba da daniSnes damoukidebeli sagamoZiebo erTeulis xelmZRva-nelad, romelic iZiebda kalaZis saqmes da gatacebis sxva gaxmaurebul faq-tebs.

pirveli ganmcxadeblis Cvenebis Tanaxmad, mis daqvemdebarebaSi myofma saga-moZiebo erTeulma momdevno Tveebis ganmavlobaSi gamoavlina garemoebebikalaZis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT. savaraudod, axlad gamovlenili informa-cia problemebs uqmnida zogierT maRalCinosans, romlebic idgnen qarTulifexburTis sferoSi Cadenili kriminaluri maqinaciebis ukan da 2004 wlis 30marts generalurma prokurorma, bn-ma i.o.-ma piradad sTxova pirvel ganmcxa-debels Seewyvita saqmis gamoZieba. 2004 wlis ivnisSi generaluri prokurori,b-ni i. o. dainiSna Ss ministris postze. savaraudod, axlad daniSnulma minis-trma pirveli ganmcxadebeli CamoaSora kalaZis saqmes da 2004 wlis 26 ivnissdamamcirebeli formiT gamoaZeva kabinetidan. 2004 wlis 13 oqtombers pir-velma ganmcxadebelma uSiSroebis erovnul sabWos _ saqarTvelos preziden-tis konsultant organos _ gadasca konfidencialuri faili. savaraudod, fa-ili Seicavda informacias b-ni i. o.-isa da sxva maRalCinosnebis mier samsaxu-rebrivi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis Sesaxeb.

gasaxleba kotejidan

2004 wlis 25 oqtombers Ss ministris _ i.o.-is mier gacemuli zepiri gankargu-lebis safuZvelze policiam ganmcxadeblebs mosTxova kotejis dacla. pir-velma ganmcxadebelma policias warudgina ministris 2000 wlis 20 apriliswerili, rac adasturebda flobis marTlzomierebas da oficrebs sTxova misisacxovreblidan wasvla. 2004 wlis 30 oqtombers policia isev mivida saRina-Zeebis ojaxSi, imave moTxovniT, magram vinaidan policiam ver warmoadginasasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, pirvelma ganmcxadebelma isini saxlSi ar Se-uSva.

2004 wlis 31 oqtombers policiam ganmeorebiT scada ganmcxadeblebis gasax-leba. ganmcxadeblebis Cvenebis Tanaxmad, daaxloebiT samoci niRbiani, Seia-raRebuli specdaniSnulebis Zalebis warmomadgeneli SeiWra maT kotejSi.operacias xelmZRvanelobda mcxeTa-mTianeTis policiis raionuli sammar-Tvelos ufrosi. policiam iZulebiT gamoaZeva kotejidan meore ganmcxade-beli da misi ojaxis naTesavebi. gasaxlebis Semdeg kotejSi dabanakda ramde-nime policieli. policiam aseve daikava mimdebare miwis nakveTi, romelic war-moadgenda meeqvse ganmcxadeblis registrirebul sakuTrebas.

moTxovnili uflebrivi dacva (remedies pursued)

2004 wlis 1 noembris incidentis Semdeg pirvelma ganmcxadebelma samoqala-



qo da sisxlissamarTlebrivi wesiT gaasaCivra kotejis ukanonod CamorTmevada Ss saministros maRalCinosnebis mxridan mis profesiul saqmianobaSi xe-lis SeSla. mflobelobis aRdgenis Taobaze pirveli ganmcxadeblis sarCelisganxilvisas adgilobrivma sasamarTlom gamokvleva SezRuda da Semoifarglamxolod pirveli ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebis uflebis gamokvleviT.

pirveli ganmcxadebeli aRniSnavda, rom is da misi ojaxi marTlzomieradflobdnen kotejs, romelic 1994 wlidan warmoadgenda maT binas da sasamar-Tlosgan iTxovda kotejSi darCenis nebas davis saboloo gadawyvetamde, rac2004 wlis 30 dekembris gadawyvetilebiT mTawminda-krwanisis raionulma sa-samarTlom daakmayofila.

Tumca, mTawminda-krwanisis raionulma sasamarTlom uari ganacxada misi ga-dawyvetilebis dauyovnebeli aRsrulebis Sesaxeb brZanebis gacemaze. 2005wlis 13 Tebervals pirvelma ganmcxadebelmac gaasaCivra 2004 wlis 30 dekem-bris ganCineba, romelic Seexeboda ganCinebis dauyovnebel aRsrulebas. 2005wlis 19 dekembers Tbilisis raionulma sasamarTlom daniSna saqmis arsebiTiganxilva. saministrom ganacxada, rom man araerTxel SesTavaza pirvel gan-mcxadebels kotejidan misi piradi da ojaxis kuTvnili nivTebis gatana, Tum-ca am ukanasknelma TanamSromlobaze uari ganacxada.

uzenaesma sasamarTlom gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvnebi da gan-meorebiT miuTiTa, rom pirvel ganmcxadebels SeeZlo mflobelobis aRdge-na kotejze mesakuTrisagan _ mopasuxe saministrosagan mxolod im SemTxve-vaSi, Tu igi kotejs Tavdapirvelad legitimurad daeufla. vinaidan pirvel-ma ganmcxadebelma ver warmoadgina Sesabamisi organos samarTlebrivi gadaw-yvetileba, romelic daadasturebda 1994 wels mis mier kotejis dakavebas, pir-veli ganmcxadeblis mier kotejis Semdgomi floba ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos ke-Tilsindisier qmedebad. rac Seexeba mopasuxe saministros 2000 wlis 20 apri-lis werils, uzenaesma sasamarTlom ar miiCnia igi iuridiuli Zalis mqone do-kumentad da ganmarta, rom saqarTvelos prezidentis 1997 wlis 8 seqtembris#487 brZanebulebis Tanaxmad, mxolod saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saminis-tros gaaCnda kerZo pirebTan aseTi tipis garigebebis dadebis kompetencia.saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom iZulebiTYgadaadgilebulpirTa Sesaxeb aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli biniT dakmayofilebis garantia arvrceldeba mocemul situaciaze. aRniSnuli faqtebis gaTvaliswinebiT, uze-naesma sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom saministros, rogorc kotejis kanoniermflobels, ufleba hqonda samoqalaqo kodeqsis 160-e da 172-e muxlebis sa-fuZvelze pirveli ganmcxadeblisaTvis sakuTreba CamoerTmia.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos erT-erTma mosamarTlem warmoadgina gansxvavebulidaskvna. mosamarTlem aRniSna, rom saqmeSi arsebuli faqtebi adasturebdnen,rom pirveli ganmcxadebeli kotejs minimum keTilsindisierad flobda. TudavuSvebT, rom igi ar iyo kotejis legitimuri mflobeli, mopasuxe saminis-tros ar hqonda kotejis CamorTmevis ufleba saTanado procesis gareSe daZalis gamoyenebiT, samoqalaqo kodeqsis 115-e muxlis moTxovnebis darRve-viT. mosamarTle askvnida, rom pirvel ganmcxadebels hqonda kotejis mflo-belobaSi dabrunebis moTxovnis ufleba samoqalaqo kodeqsis 160-e muxlis infine safuZvelze.


2004 wlis 22 noembers pirvelma ganmcxadebelma generalur prokuraturassTxova, aReZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme 2004 wlis 1 noembris TviTneburi daZaladobrivi gasaxlebisa da Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosnebismxridan mis mier warmoebuli kalaZis saqmis gamoZiebisaTvis xelis SeSlis faq-tebze.

sisxlis samarTlis procesi pirveli ganmcxadeblis winaaRmdeg

2006 wlis 20 marts generalurma prokuraturam, kalaZis saqmis gamoZiebis pro-cesSi mopovebuli informaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, aRZra sisxlis samarTlissaqme uflebamosilebis gadametebis braldebiT, romelic, savaraudod, Cai-dina pirveli ganmcxadeblis sagamoZiebo erTeulma 2004 wels. 2006 wlis 2 iv-niss pirvel ganmcxadebels brali wauyenes iaraRis ukanonod flobis, ofici-aluri dokumentebis miTvisebis, adamianisadmi cudi mopyrobis, mtkicebule-bebis fabrikaciisa da sajaro samsaxurSi Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebissxva faqtebis gamo. 2006 wlis 4 ivniss pirveli ganmcxadebeli daapatimres damomdevno dRes prokurorma Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi Seitana Suam-dgomloba sasamarTlo procesamde misi patimrobaSi datovebis Sesaxeb.

2007 wlis 22 Tebervals pirveli ganmcxadebeli pirveli instanciis sasamar-Tlom damnaSaved cno misTvis wayenebul bralSi da 7 wliT patimroba miusaja.saqmis masalebidan irkveva, rom msjavri ZalaSi datova bolo instanciam _ uze-naesma sasamarTlom 2007 wlis 19 dekembers da pirveli ganmcxadebeli amJa-mad ixdis sasjels sapatimroSi.


meore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenilpretenziebTan dakavSirebiT

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom meore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse ganmcxa-deblebi ar yofilan sadavo samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis procesebis mxa-reebi. saqmis masalebis Tanaxmad, am xuT ganmcxadebels ar miucia pirveli gan-mcxadeblisaTvis an advokatisaTvis maTi saxeliT moqmedebis uflebamosi-leba da arc kompetenturi sasamarTlo an saprokuroro uwyebisaTvis ar miu-marTavT sakuTari werilobiTi an/da zepiri gancxadebiT.2 aRniSnulis samar-Tlebrivi Sedegi iyo, magaliTad is, rom adgilobrivma sasamarTloebma pir-veli ganmcxadeblis samarTlebrivi situaciiT SezRudes ganCinebis fargle-bi mflobelobis aRdgenis Taobaze gamarTul procesSi, danarCeni xuTi gan-mcxadeblis uflebebis gamocxadebis gareSe.3

zemoT aRniSnuli mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom me-ore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse ganmcxadeblebi ar Tavisufldebianadgilobrivi sasamarTlo procesebis ganxorcielebis moTxovnisagan. Sesa-

2 see, P., C. and S. v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no. 56547/00, 11 December 2001.3 Khamidov v. Russia, no.72118/01, §§27, 28, 48-50 and 125, ECHR 2007 XII, and P, C and S, cited above.




bamisad, maTi pretenziebi ar unda iqnes ganxiluli, konvenciis 35-e muxlis Ida IV punqtebis mixedviT.

pirveli oqmis I muxlis savaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT acxadebs, rom `mflobelobis~ cnebas _ pirveli oq-mis I muxlis pirvel nawils avtonomiuri mniSvneloba aqvs, romelic ar Semo-ifargleba mxolod fizikuri nivTebis mesakuTreobiT da damoukidebelia ad-gilobriv kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli formaluri klasifikaciisagan. gamo-sakvlevi sakiTxi SemdegSi mdgomareobs: SeiZleba Tu ara CaiTvalos, rom saq-mis faqtobrivi garemoebebis erTianoba ganmcxadebels aniWebs sakuTrebisuflebas im materialur interesze, romelsac icavs aRniSnuli debuleba.4 Se-sabamisad, iseve rogorc fizikuri nivTebi, konkretuli uflebebi da intere-si, romlebic warmoadgenen aqtivebs, SeiZleba aseve CaiTvalos `mflobelo-bad,~ am debulebis saWiroebebidan gamomdinare.5 `mflobelobis~ cneba ar iz-Rudeba àrsebul mflobelobad~, igive SeiZleba moicavdes aqtivebs, maT So-ris _ moTxovnebs, romlebTan dakavSirebiTac ganmcxadebels SeuZlia idaos,rom mas gaaCnia, sul mcire, imis gonivruli da `marTlzomieri molodini,~ romSeZlebs sakuTrebis uflebiT sargeblobas.6 `molodini~ marTlzomieria, Tu-ki igi emyareba sakanonmdeblo debulebas an normatiul aqts, romelic Seexe-ba sakuTrebis interess.7

sasamarTlo damatebiT mniSvnelobas aniWebs im faqts, rom saministros mierkotejis pirveli ganmcxadeblisaTvis droebiT TavSesafrad gadacemis Semdegsaxelmwifom, sxvadasxva normatiuli aqtis SemoRebiT, daamtkica iZulebiT ga-daadgilebul pirTa uflebebi sabinao seqtorSi da SeimuSava stabiluri garan-tiebi maT dasacavad. yvelaze cnobili da avtoritetuli maT Soris iyo aqtidevnilTa da iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa Sesaxeb, romelic aRiarebda, romdevnilTa mier sacxovreblis keTilsindisieri floba warmoadgenda materia-lur/finansur uflebas. amgvarad, SeuZlebeli iyo iZulebiT gadaadgilebulipiris sacxovreblidan gamosaxleba, misi nebis winaaRmdeg da msgavsi alterna-tiuli TavSesafris an fuladi kompensaciis SeTavazebis gareSe.

aRniSnuli faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT daaseve, mocemuli saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, sa-samarTlos miaCnia, rom pirvel ganmcxadebels ufleba hqonda, koteji gamo-eyenebina binad da rom am uflebas gaaCnda naTeli materialuri (fuladi) gan-zomileba. Sesabamisad, igi unda CaiTvalos `mflobelobad,~ pirveli oqmis Imuxlis miznebidan gamomdinare.8

unda aRiniSnos, rom roca sasworze devs konvenciiT, an misi protokolebiTgaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi, sasamarTlo ar izRudeba adgilobrivi sasamar-

4 see, mutatis mutandis, Zwierzyñski v. Poland, no. 34049/96, § 63, ECHR 2001-VI.5 Iatridis v. Greece [GC], no.31107/96, §54, ECHR 1999-II, and Beyeler v. Italy [GC], no.33202/96, §100, ECHR

2000-I.6 Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechtenstein v. Germany [GC], no. 42527/98, §83, ECHR 2001-VIII.7 see Kopecký v. Slovakia [GC], no. 44912/98, §§ 45-52, ECHR 2004 IX.8 see Minasyan and Semerjyan v. Armenia, no. 27651/05, § 56, 23 June 2009.


Tloebis daskvnebiT da SeuZlia gascdes maT an gadados gverdze, Tu es gar-dauvalia konkretuli saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare.9

sasamarTlo aseve miuTiTebs, rom uzenaesi sasamarTlos pozicia pirveliganmcxadeblis irgvliv Seqmnili situaciis mimarT ewinaaRmdegeba missaveganaCens, romelic msgavs saqmeze _ `xinTibiZe da sxvebi~ _ gamoitana sasa-marTlom 2001 wlis 28 noembers. am saqmeSi uzenaesma sasamarTlom saxelmwi-fo uwyebas aukrZala saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli Se-nobis CamorTmeva devnilTaTvis, romlebic, pirveli ganmcxadeblis msgav-sad, aRniSnul SenobaSi 1993 wlidan cxovrobdnen ltolvilTa da gansaxle-bis saministros nebarTvis gareSe. sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT miuTiTebs, romsadac aseTi mkafiod urTierTsawinaaRmdego gadawyvetilebebi gamomdina-reobs erTi da imave iurisdiqciidan da Seusabamobis aranairi gonivruliaxsna-ganmarteba ar aris warmodgenili, aseT gadawyvetilebebs TviTnebu-robis elferi dahkravs.10

zemoT moyvanili daskvnebis fonze sasamarTlo adgens, rom Careva pirveliganmcxadeblis mier mflobelobis mSvidobian sargeblobaSi ar iyo kanonie-ri, xolo Semdgomi samarTlebrivi ganxilva, romelic TviTneburi xasiaTismatarebelia, utoldeboda samarTlianobis uaryofas. am daskvnis fonze zed-metia imis garkveva, Careva marTlzomier miznebs emsaxureboda Tu ara, da Tuemsaxureboda, iyo Tu ara daculi samarTliani balansi.11 amgvarad, dairRvapirveli oqmis I muxli.

konvenciis me-8 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlos udavod miaCnia, rom kotejis CamorTmeva, romelic iyo pirveliganmcxadeblis bina aT welze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi, pirveli oqmis I muxlisdarRvevasTan erTad warmoadgenda ukanono Carevas sacxovreblis pativisce-mis uflebaSi.12 Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom dairRva konvenciis me-8muxli.

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis savaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom aRkveTis zomad dakavebis dawesebis Sesaxeb pro-kuroris mier Setanili Suamdgomlobis erT-erTi safuZveli, rac daakmayo-fila sasamarTlom, sakmarisad axlo kavSirSi iyo saqmis garemoebebTan. kon-kretulad, iyo imis SiSi, rom gaTavisuflebis SemTxvevaSi pirveli ganmcxa-debeli isargeblebda Tavisi, rogorc yofili Zalovani maRalCinosnis avto-ritetiT da Seecdeboda mxareebze zegavlenis moxdenas. sasamarTlos ar mi-

9 see, among many other authorities, Assanidze v. Georgia [GC], no.71503/01, §171, ECHR 2004-II; Bruncrona v.Finland, no.41673/98, §75, 16 November 2004; J.A. Pye (Oxford) Ltd and J.A. Pye (Oxford) Land Ltd v. the UnitedKingdom [GC], no.44302/02, §75, ECHR 2007 X; Khamidov, cited above, §135; Matyar v. Turkey, no. 23423/94,§108, 21 February 2002.

10 see Beian v. Romania (no.1), no.30658/05, §§37-40, ECHR 2007 XIII (extracts); Vinèiæ and Others v. Serbia, nos.44698/06, 44700/06, §56, 1 December 2009; Tudor Tudor v. Romania, no.21911/03, §29, 24 March 2009.

11 see, Akimova, cited above, §§39-51, 27 September 2007, and Khamidov, cited above, §§141- 145.12 see, Khamidov, cited above, §§119- 146, and Doðan and Others, cited above §159.




aCnia, rom dasabuTebis es motivi aSkarad aragonivruli an Seusabamo iyo mo-cemuli droisaTvis.

sasamarTlo adgens, rom ar darRveula konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtisasamarTlos 6 da 14 ivnisis gadawyvetilebebTan mimarTebiT.

rac Seexeba 2006 wlis 29 ivnisis gadawyvetilebas, sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom2006 wlis 29 ivniss pirveli ganmcxadeblis dakavebis faqtis damtkicebiT Tbi-lisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom, nacvlad imisa, rom Seesrulebina Tavisi valde-buleba da damajerebeli wesiT daedgina konkretuli faqtebis arseboba, rom-lebic gaamarTlebda xangrZliv dakavebas da ganexila alternatiuli, arasa-patimro aRkveTis zomebi, imoqmeda saTanado gulmodginebis gareSe da ga-mosca Sablonuri gadawyvetileba winaswar dabeWdili, abstraqtuli termi-nebiT gajerebuli samotivacio nawiliT. am naklovanma gadawyvetilebam pir-veli ganmcxadebeli damatebiTi eqvsi TviTa da ocdaoTxi dRiT daabruna pa-timrobaSi. dakavebis es periodi ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos gonivrulad, Tu masganvixilavT Sesabamisi dasabuTebis ararsebobis fonze.13

sasamarTlo adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti, 2006 wlis29 ivnisis sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebasTan dakavSirebiT.

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtis savaraudo darRveva

sasamarTlo adgens: im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom pirvelma ganmcxadebel-ma da misma orma advokatma monawileoba miiRes saqmis SejibrebiT zepir mos-menaSi pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi, xolo prokurors komentari ar ga-ukeTebia dakavebis orderis Sesaxeb mis mier Setanil sarCelze da rom Tbi-lisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi 2006 wlis 14 ivniss saqmis zepiri mosmena arCatarebula, ar SeiZleba miCneul iqnes ZalTa Tanasworobisa da Sejibrebi-Tobis principebis `ZirgamomTxrel qmedebad~ pirveli ganmcxadeblis sazia-nod. amgvarad, 2006 wlis 14 ivnisis ganxilvebisas ar darRveula konvenciisme-5 muxlis me-4 punqti.

rac Seexeba zepiri mosmenis arCatarebas 2006 wlis 29 ivniss, rodesac Tbili-sis saqalaqo sasamarTlom mxolod prokuroris gancxadebaze dayrdnobiTdaakanona pirveli ganmcxadeblis xangrZlivi dakaveba _ sasamarTlo miuTi-Tebs, rom amgvari situacia ukve miCneul iqna araTavsebadad konvencis me-5muxlis me-4 punqtTan msgavs saqmeSi.

2006 wlis 29 ivnisis sasamarTlo ganxilva ver CaiTvleba SejibrebiTobis niS-nis matareblad, sadac daculi iyo ZalTa Tanasworobis principi. gadawyve-tilebis formac ki _ Sabloni, romelSic daskvna winaswar iyo CabeWdili _ xazsusvams imas, rom 2006 wlis 29 ivniss Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos saqme arganuxilavs saTanado wesebis dacviT.14 amgvarad, 2006 wlis 29 ivnisis sasamar-Tlo ganxilvasTan mimarTebiT dairRva konvencis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti.

13 see Giorgi Nikolaishvili, cited above, §§73, 76 and 79, and Patsuria, cited above, §74.14 see Giorgi Nikolaishvili, cited above, §§39, 93-96, and Belevitskiy v. Russia, no.72967/01, §111, 01/03/2007.


konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

pirveli ganmcxadebeli iTxovs restitutio in integrum _ pirveladi mdgomareobis aR-dgenas, rac gonivrulad miaCnia sasamarTlos. mopasuxe saxelmwifom unda gana-xorcielos yvela SesaZlo gamosasworebeli zoma darRvevis SedegebTan mimar-TebiT, ise, rom maqsimaluri sizustiT aRdges darRvevamdeli mdgomareoba.15

saqmeSi arsebuli daskvnebisa da faqtebis Seswavlis safuZvelze da aseve, kon-venciis me-8 muxliTa da pirveli oqmis I muxliT pirveli ganmcxadeblisaTvisminiWebuli uflebebis darRvevis gamosasworebeli sxva SesaZlo zomebis preiu-diciis gareSe, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom koreqtirebis yvelaze Sesabamisi for-ma iqneba restitutio in integrum (pirveladi mdgomareobis aRdgena) afxazeTis kon-fliqtis mogvarebamde pirveli ganmcxadeblisaTvis kotejis dabruneba mflo-belobaSi, rac SesaZlebels gaxdis mis usafrTxo da Rirseul dabrunebas mis sa-kuTar sacxovrebelSi _ afxazeTSi (saqarTvelo). Tu kotejis dabruneba SeuZ-lebeli iqneba, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom pirveli ganmcxadeblis moTxovna dak-mayofildeba misTvis, rogorc iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirisaTvis, Sesafe-risi sacxovreblis uzrunvelyofiT an gonivruli kompensaciis gadaxdiT, ko-tejiT sargeblobis uflebis dakargvis sanacvlod. Tumca, Tu mxareebi ver SeZ-leben Tanxmobis miRwevas, sasamarTlo itovebs Semdgomi proceduris ganxor-cielebis uflebas kompensaciis Tanxis dadgenis mizniT, konvenciis 41-e muxlisSesabamisad.

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo:

_ erTxmad adgens, rom ar darRveula konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti 2006wlis 6 da 14 ivnisis gadawyvetilebebTan mimarTebiT;

_ erTxmad adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti 2006 wlis29 ivnisis gadawyvetilebasTan mimarTebiT;

_ erTxmad adgens, rom ar darRveula konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti 2006wlis 14 ivnisis sasamarTlo ganxilvasTan mimarTebiT;

_ erTxmad adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti 2006 wlis29 ivnisis sasamarTlo ganxilvasTan mimarTebiT;

_ erTxmad adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-8 muxli kotejis CamorTmevas-Tan dakavSirebiT.

6 xmiT 1-is winaaRmdeg adgens:

_ dairRva pirveli oqmis I muxli kotejis CamorTmevasTan dakavSirebiT;

6 xmiT 1-is winaaRmdeg adgens:

a. Tu kotejis dabruneba SeuZlebeli iqneba, mopasuxe saxelmwifom pirveliganmcxadebeli, rogorc iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piri, unda uzrunvel-

15 see, amongst others, Apostol v. Georgia, no.40765/02, §71, ECHR 2006 ...; FC Mretebi v. Georgia, no.38736/04,§61, 31 July 2007; and Assanidze, cited above, §198.




yos Sesaferisi sacxovrebliT an gonivruli kompensaciiT ormxrivi SeTan-xmebis safuZvelze, mopasuxe saxelmwifos erovnul valutaSi, Tanxaze da-ricxuli nebismieri gadasaxadis CaTvliT, ganaCenis sabolod cnobis Ta-riRidan eqvsi Tvis vadaSi, konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Tanaxmad.

b. Tu mxareebi ver SeZleben Tanxmobis miRwevas mocemul periodSi, sasamar-Tlo TviTon daadgens mTavrobis mier gadasaxdeli Tanxis odenobas.

erTxmad adgens, rom:

mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels unda gadauxados 15.000 (TxuTmeti aTa-si) evro aramaterialuri zianis asanazRaureblad, xolo 752 (Svidas ormoc-daTormeti) evro _ danaxarjebis dasafarad.

mosamarTle joSienes nawilobriv Tanmxvedri mosazreba

me veTanxmebi palatis daskvnebs, rogorc es mocemulia ganaCenis sarezolu-cio nawilSi. me aseve umravlesobasTan erTad xma miveci pirveli oqmis I mux-lis darRvevis cnobas; Tumca, am saqmeSi msurs xazi gavusva or gadamwyvetaspeqts pirveli oqmis I muxlTan dakavSirebiT.

pirvel rigSi, am sferosTan mimarTebiT sasamarTloSi Camoyalibebuli pre-cedentuli kanonis gaTvaliswinebiT,16 mimaCnia, rom pirveli oqmis I muxlTandakavSirebuli sakiTxi sxva sakiTxebs gadakveTs mocemul saqmeSi. msurs Tqve-ni yuradReba mivaqcio im faqts, rom pirvel ganmcxadebels koteji gadaecaimitom, rom igi iyo afxazeTis Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosani. sxvagaremoebebSi am faqtiT nagulisxmevi iqneboda, rom ganmcxadebels SeeZlokotejiT sargebloba aRniSnul saministroSi msaxurobis periodSi. SinagansaqmeTa saministrodan ganTavisuflebis Semdeg ganmcxadebels unda Seewyvi-ta im kotejSi cxovreba, romelic mas oficialuri miznebisaTvis gadaeca.

Tumca, am saqmes aqvs Zalze specifikuri garemoebebi, romlebic, Cemi azriT,ganapirobebs pirveli oqmis I muxlis Semxeblobas. im faqtis aRiarebiT, romkoteji mas oficialuri mizniT gadaeca, aRvniSnav, rom 2000 wlis 20 aprils pir-velma ganmcxadebelma miiRo oficialuri werili Sinagan saqmeTa saministro-dan, romelic adasturebda, rom is da misi ojaxi kotejSi dasaxldnen 1994 wels,Ss ministris mier gacemuli brZanebis safuZvelze, romelic emyareboda 1996wlis 28 ivnisis iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa da devnilTa Sesaxeb aqts (ìZu-lebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa aqti~). me veTanxmebi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiTpalatis mier moyvanil argumentebs da damatebiT aRvniSnav, rom 1993-1994 wleb-Si saqarTveloSi arsebuli humanitaruli krizisis pirobebSi saxelmwifo val-debuli iyo, daebinavebina da daecva iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi. 107-epunqtSi palatis mier moyvanili argumentebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlis Tan-xmadac, saxelmwifom sxvadasxva normatiuli aqtis SemoRebiT daadastura iZu-lebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa uflebebi sabinao seqtorSi da Seqmna myari ga-

16 ix. ganCinebis 106 da 108 punqtebi da mosamarTle mularonis gansxvavebuli mosazreba saqmezeÖneryýldýz v. Turkey [GC], no. 48939/99, ECHR 2004 XII.


rantiebi maT dasacavad, mimaCnia, rom iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa dacvis,maT Soris _ sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofis sakiTxSi, saxelmwifos mkveTradgamoxatuli samarTlebrivi valdebuleba maTTvis qmnis aSkara fulad/materi-alur ganzomilebas, romelsac icavs pirveli oqmis I muxli.

amas garda, pirveli oqmis I muxlis mosazrebebis mxardasaWerad moviyvan ki-dev erT arguments am saqmeSi: saqarTvelos samma sasamarTlom iurisdiqciissam doneze konkretulad daadgina, rom ganmcxadebeli `flobda~ kotejs. pre-cedentul kanonSi sasamarTlom daafiqsira misi meoradi xasiaTi,17 rac gu-lisxmobs, rom erovnuli uwyebebis Sesabamisad, sasamarTloebis saqmea adgi-lobrivi kanonis interpretacia da mimarTeba.18 am saqmeSi saqarTvelos sasa-marTloebis mier `flobis~ dafiqsireba sadavo kotejTan mimarTebiT da mi-siT sargebloba saqmes aqcevs pirveli oqmis I muxlis farglebSi.

mosamarTle kabral baretos nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba

me SemiZlia daveTanxmo umravlesobis mier warmodgenil dasabuTebas, gardaim nawilisa, romelic Seexeba pirveli oqmis I muxliT gaTvaliswinebul dar-Rvevas. Cemi azriT, pirveli ganmcxadebeli ar iyo raime sakuTrebis mflobe-li, pirveli oqmis I muxlSi mocemuli mniSvnelobiT.

1. rogorc ganCinebis erT-erT punqtSia naTqvami, pirveli ganmcxadebeli iyoSinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosani, romelsac 1994 wlis ianvarSiSesTavazes sagamoZiebo departamentis ufrosis posti; mas Semdeg, rac mandaikava es Tanamdeboba, mas da mis ojaxs gamouyves sacxovrebeli saminis-tros kuTvnil kotejSi.

2. Cemi azriT, koteji ganmcxadebels SesTavazes misi, rogorc sajaro moxe-lis, statusis gamo. ganmcxadebeli flobda aRniSnul sakuTrebas ara saku-Tari saxeliT, aramed mesakuTris _ Sinagan saqmeTa saministros saxeliT.ganmcxadeblis mier kotejis flobiT, Tundac aT welze meti xnis ganmav-lobaSi, ganmcxadebelsa da sakuTrebas Soris arsebul samarTlebriv ur-TierTobaSi araferi Secvlila.

3. Tumca, konkretul SenobaSi dasaxlebis ufleba, romlis mesakuTrec araris piri, ar udris sakuTrebas pirveli oqmis I muxlSi mocemuli mniSvne-lobiT.19 romc yofiliyo Careva an raime sakuTrebis warTmeva, mxiolodmesakuTres an mflobels SeuZlia sakuTari saxeliT gamoTqvas pretenziapirveli oqmis I muxlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT.

4. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, upiratesobas vaniWeb im movlenebis ganxil-vas, romlebsac daeqvemdebara pirveli ganmcxadebeli konvenciis me-8 mux-lis safuZvelze da misi uflebis darRvevis dadgenas mis sacxovrebelTandakavSirebiT.

17 see Scordino v. Italy (no. 1) [GC], no. 36813/97, §140, ECHR 2006-V,18 Kopp v. Switzerland, 25 March 1998, § 59, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998-II.19 see, the Court’s decision in the case of JLS v. Spain, no. 41917/98, Reports 1999-V.




WiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

Case of Chichinadze v. Georgia (#18156/05)

2005 wlis 12 aprils sulxan WiWinaZem ganacxadiT mimarTa strasburgSiadamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTadTavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

2010 wlis 27 maiss sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#18156/05) da erTsu-lovnad daadgina, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-6 muxlis I nawili da pir-veli oqmis I muxli.


sulxan WiWinaZem 1994 wlis 8 aprilis kontraqtis safuZvelze saxlis naxeva-ri (`saxli mazniaSvilze~) dauTmo b-n g-s (imJamad aWaris Sinagan saqmeTa mi-nistris moadgiles), 150.000.000 kuponad (droebiTi qarTuli valuta, rome-lic mimoqcevaSi iyo 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi, fuladi reformis saWiroe-bebidan gamomdinare). nasyidobis xelSekruleba daamowma notariusma. kon-traqtze xelis moweris Semdeg bn-ma g-m ganmcxadebels gadasca 3.000 aSS do-lari (2.199 evro) naRdi fulis saxiT. mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare saxlis ga-yidvidan mokle xanSi ganmcxadebelma datova baTumi da ojaxTan erTad sac-xovreblad gadavida ruseTis federaciaSi. savaraudod, aseTi naCqarevi gam-gzavrebis mizezi iyo bn-i g-s mxridan ganmcxadebelze mudmivi zewola saxlismeore nawilis daTmobis moTxovniT.

2004 wlis 25 agvistos aWaris a/r-is prokuraturam aRZra sisxlis samarTlissaqme b-n. g-s winaaRmdeg, mis mier Tanamdebobaze yofnis dros Cadenili sxva-dasxva danaSaulis gamo. 2004 wlis 10 seqtembers aWaris umaRlesma sasamar-Tlom nawilobriv daakmayofila prokuroris moTxovna da brZana bn-i g-s qo-nebis nawilis konfiskacia, rac moicavda mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare saxlsac.prokurorma nawilobrivi konfiskaciis faqti gaasaCivra saqarTvelos uze-naes sasamarTloSi.

2004 wlis 18 noembers baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlom baTilad cno nasyido-bis xelSekruleba, daadastura ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebis ufleba mazniaSvi-lis quCaze mdebare qonebaze da baTumis miwis reestris saagentos, romelicwarmoadgenda aWaris iusticiis saministros erTeuls, ubrZana, ganexorcie-lebina registraciisaTvis saWiro formalobebi. gadawyvetileba ar gasaCiv-rebula da, Sesabamisad, saboloo gaxda.

2004 wlis 7 dekembers, 2004 wlis 18 noembris savaldebulo da saboloo gadaw-yvetilebaze dayrdnobiT, ganmcxadebelma saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlossTxova konfiskaciis procesis Sewyveta mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare saxlTanmimarTebiT. 2005 wlis 18 Tebervals reestrma gasca kidev erTi sertifikati,romelic adasturebda ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebis uflebas uZrav qonebaze.

2005 wlis 17 ianvars uzenaesma sasamarTlom gaauqma 2004 wlis 10 seqtembris


gadawyvetileba im nawilSi, romelic Seexeba mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare sax-lis CamorTmevas da ZalaSi datova gadawyvetilebis sxva debulebebi. sasa-marTlosaTvis naTeli iyo, rom 50.000 larad (21.275 evro) Sefasebuli qonebawarmoadgenda ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebas, 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloo ga-dawyvetilebis Tanaxmad. uzenaesma sasamarTlom aWaris umaRles sasamarTlosmisca miTiTeba mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare qonebis konfiskaciis procesisSewyvetis sakiTxis ganxilvis Taobaze.

2005 wlis 18 marts baTumis miwis reestris saagentom weriliT mimarTa aWarisprokuraturas da iTxova ganmarteba mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare qonebisgarSemo. reestris warmomadgeneli daabnia im faqtma, rom qoneba warmoad-genda ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebas, 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloo gadawyve-tilebis Sesabamisad da amavdroulad iyo mimdinare konfiskaciis obieqti. re-estris TanamSromelma prokurors acnoba, rom ganmcxadeblis sakuTrebisufleba mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare qonebaze jer ar iyo oficialurad da-registrirebuli. zemoT moyvanili argumentebis gameorebiT 2005 wlis 12 seq-tembers ganmcxadebelma generalur prokuraturas mimarTa TxovniT _ sis-xlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris Sesaxeb aWaris prokuroris winaaRmdeg ufle-bamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis braldebiT.

2005 wlis 17 oqtombers mosamarTle v-m ganmcxadebeli depeSiT daibara sasa-marTloSi `mopasuxis statusiT, baTumis notariusis mier dawyebul proces-ze“, romelic unda gamarTuliyo 2005 wlis 27 oqtombers. depeSaSi miTiTebu-li iyo, rom ganmcxadeblis mier warmodgenili dokumentaciis gadagzavna xde-boda dazRveuli fostiT. 2005 wlis 25 oqtombers ganmcxadebelma mosamar-Tle v-s depeSiT acnoba, rom janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo ver SeZlebdaruseTidan saqarTveloSi Camosvlas da 2005 wlis 27 oqtombers daniSnulsxdomaze daswrebas. man miuTiTa, rom fostiT agzavnida aRniSnulis damadas-turebel samedicino dokumentacias da rom sajaro notariusis gancxadebajer kidev ar miuRia.

baTumis sasamarTlos mosamarTlem mravaljer mimarTa ganmcxadebels, romgamocxadebuliyo sasamarTlo sxdomaze. sasamarTlos Setyobinebas sxdoma-ze daswrebis Sesaxeb ganmcxadebeli pasuxobda, rom janmrTelobis gauarese-bis gamo ver axerxebda procesze daswrebas da safosto amanaTebis meSveobiTwerilobiT agzavnida Tavis mosazrebebs.

2006 wlis 19 aprils ganmcxadebelma saapelacio saCivriT mimarTa quTaisissaapelacio sasamarTlos da mosamarTle daadanaSaula gadawyvetilebis ga-yalbebasa da misi wina TariRiT gaformebaSi. imave dRes man baTumis saqalaqosasamarTlos sTxova, misTvis gaegzavnaT ganaCenis asli, romlis Tanaxmadac,aWaris prokurorsa da notariuss darTes ganaxlebul samoqalaqo davaSi mo-nawileobis neba. rogorc saqmis masalebidan irkveva, arc erTi sasamarTlo-dan pasuxi ar dabrunebula.

2007 wlis 7 TebervliT daTariRebuli weriliT baTumis miwis reestris Ta-namSromeli ganmcxadebels atyobinebda, rom mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare sax-li aWaris umaRlesi sasamarTlos 2006 wlis 10 martis saaRsrulebo brZanebissafuZvelze daregistrirda rogorc saxelmwifo sakuTreba. 2007 wlis 4 marts

WiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegWiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegWiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegWiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdegWiWinaZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg



ganmcxadebelma iTxova aRniSnuli brZanebis damatebiTi ganmarteba, rac upa-suxod darCa.


sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom mocemul saqmeSi mTavari sakiTxi aris ara gan-mcxadeblis saCivris dadgena ganaxlebul samoqalaqo saqmeSi, aramed 2004wlis 18 noembris saboloo gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnoba. Camoyalibebulpraqtikaze dayrdnobiT sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom Tavad baTilad cnobis,rogorc qmedebis bunebis gaTvaliswinebiT ganaxlebuli procesi, gadawyve-tilebis xelaxla dadgeniTac rom damTavrdes, igi mainc ver uzrunvelyofssamarTlebrivi dacvis saTanado saSualebas, rac daakmayofilebs konvenciisme-6 muxlis I punqtiTa da pirveli oqmis I muxliT gaTvaliswinebul moTxov-nebs.1

mTavrobam sasamarTlos sTxova, gaeTvaliswinebina is faqti, rom mocemulsaqmeze baTilad cnoba ar damdgara saxelmwifo moxelis TxovniT,2 an axladgamovlenili garemoebebis Sedegad. piriqiT, 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloogadawyvetilebis baTilad cnoba Tavidanve miznad isaxavda samarTlebriviSecdomis gamosworebas da igi ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos me-6 muxlis I punqtisada pirveli oqmis I muxlis darRvevad.

ganmcxadebelma pasuxad ganacxada, rom 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloo ga-dawyvetilebis baTilad cnoba samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 422-e muxlisI (b) punqtis safuZvelze udavod ukanono da TviTneburi qmedebaa, vinaidannotariusi ar yofila mocemuli samoqalaqo saqmis mxare. kontraqtis garSe-mo mimdinare davis mxareebi iyvnen Tavad ganmcxadebeli _ momCivnis statu-siT da b-ni g. _ mopasuxis statusiT.

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom pirveli Secdoma, romelic, sasamarTlos azriT,zegavlenas axdens `kanoniT dadgenili, damoukidebeli da miukerZoebelisasamarTlos mier Catarebuli~ procesis principze, aris mosamarTlis uka-nono da Seuferebeli monawileoba saqmeSi (samoqalaqo saproceso kodeq-sis 422-e muxlis I (a) punqti). meore samarTlebrivi Secdoma uaryofs, rogorces mTavrobam aRniSna, mxareTa Tanasworobis princips, radgan igi Seexeba imviTarebas, rodesac saboloo gadawyvetilebis gamotana moxda procesis erT-erTi mxaris dauswreblad, rac samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 422-e muxlisI (b) punqtiT dauSvebelia. sasamarTlos amocanaa, daadginos, sworad ganxor-cielda Tu ara procedura miTiTebuli saqmis faqtebze da rom baTilad cno-ba ar emsaxureboda sxva miznebs, garda imisa, ris gamoc igi gadawyda samoqa-laqo saproceso kodeqsis Sesabamis debulebebze dayrdnobiT.

sasamarTlo aseve adgens, rom baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlos ar gaukritike-bia notariusis gancxadeba, romlis Tanaxmadac, man 2004 wlis 18 noembris sa-

1 The Mrevli Foundation v. Georgia (dec.), no. 25491/04, 5 May 2009, and Popov v. Moldova (no. 2), no. 19960/04,§ 35, 6 December 2005.

2 a contrario, Ryabykh v. Russia, no. 52854/99, §52, ECHR 2003 IX


boloo gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb Seityo 2005 wlis 28 seqtembers adgilobri-vi gazeTis meSveobiT. msgavsi precedentis analogiurad, romelic Seexebasaboloo gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnobasa da procesis xelaxla dawyebasda imis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, rom aseTi wesi gaTvaliswinebulia samoqalaqosaproceso kodeqsis 422-e muxlis me-2 punqtiT, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom no-tariusis gancxadebebi unda Semowmebuliyo saTanado gulmodginebiTa dazedmiwevniT. naTelia, rom notariuss unda eCvenebina, rom gulmodgine Za-lisxmevis miuxedavad, mas ar SeeZlo moepovebina informacia an mieTiTebinafaqtebze, romlebic, savaraudod, zRudavdnen samoqalaqo saproceso kodeq-sis 422-e muxlis I (b) punqtiT misTvis miniWebul uflebas.3 amasTan dakavSire-biT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 1996 wlis 3 maisis notariatis Sesaxeb aqtisTanaxmad, individualuri nitariusebi, romlebic gaerTianebuli arian nota-riusTa palataSi, imyofebian iusticiis saministros uSualo zedamxedvelo-bis qveS. aseT pirobebSi sasamarTlos miuReblad miaCnia, rom notariusma 2004wlis 18 noembris saboloo gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnobis Sesaxeb gancxa-debiT moixsna 422-e muxlis me-2 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli, Tanmdevi mtki-cebis tvirTi da daafiqsira, rom misTvis obieqturad SeuZlebeli iyo, ufroadre scodnoda samoqalaqo saqmis Sesaxeb. gansakuTrebiT dasanania is, rom2005 wlis 27 oqtombris gadawyvetilebaSi baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlosmxedvelobidan gamorCa am mniSvnelovani sakiTxis gadasinjva, sanam gamoitan-da im daskvnas, rom baTilad cnobis moTxovna drouli da safuZvliani iyo.4

sasamarTlosaTvis yvelaze samwuxaroa is faqti, rom notariusma, romelicpirveli samoqalaqo saqmis mxare arc yofila, miaRwia 2004 wlis 18 noembrissaboloo gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnobas samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis422-e muxlis I (b) punqtis safuZvelze. sinamdvileSi aRniSnuli debuleba See-xeba procesis realur mxareebs, imis uzrunvelsayofad, rasac mTavrobac mi-uTiTebs, rom dacul iqnes maTi procesualuri ufleba mxareTa Tanasworo-bisa da SejibrebiTobis kuTxiT. logikurad Tu vimsjelebT, piri, romelicprocesis mxare ar yofila, ver gaasaCivrebs Tavisi procesualuri uflebe-bis Selaxvas aseTi procesis mimdinareobisas. sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT acxa-debs, rom saboloo gadawyvetilebis gabaTilebis uflebamosileba unda gan-xorcieldes gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT, ise, rom SeZlebisdagvarad maqsi-malurad iqnes daculi samarTliani balansi sxvadasxva interess Soris.5

zemoT aRniSnuli argumentebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloo gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnoba, rac arRvevssamarTlebrivi gansazRvrulobis princips da aris Careva ganmcxadeblis mi-er mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare saxliT sargeblobis uflebaSi, warmoadgenssamoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 422-e muxlis I punqtis safuZvelze proce-sis ganaxlebis araswor gamoyenebas, rac ar aris gamarTlebuli arsebiTi angardauvali xasiaTis garemoebebiT da amiT ganmcxadebels daawva zedmeti daaraproporciuli tvirTi.6

3 Pravednaya v. Russia, 69529/01, §§17 and 27, 18 November 2004, and Popov (no.2), §§26-28 and 49-514 Eugenia and Doina Duca v. Moldova, no. 75/07, § 35-37, 3 March 2009; Popov (no. 2), § 50; Kumkin and Others v.

Russia, no. 73294/01, § 33, 5 July 2007.5 Mitrea v. Romania, no.26105/03, §25, 29/07/2008, and, Nikitin v. Russia, no.50178/99, §57, ECHR 2004 VIII.6 Smirnitskaya and Others v. Russia, no. 852/02, §§45 and 53, 5 July 2007; Gavrilenko v. Russia, no.30674/03, §§37 and

41, 15 February 2007; Rahmanova v. Azerbaijan, no. 34640/02, §§ 65 and 73, 10 July 2008.




konvenciis sxva darRvevebi

konvenciis me-6 muxlis I punqtsa da me-13 muxlze dayrdnobiT, ganmcxadebelmagaasaCivra ganaxlebuli procesis xangrZlivoba da ganacxada, rom mas ar mie-ca mimarTvis SidasamarTlebrivi saSualebiT sargeblobis ufleba baTiladcnobis Sesaxeb 2005 wlis 27 oqtombris gadawyvetilebasTan dakavSirebiT.

pirvel rigSi sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom pirveli oqmis I muxlis darRvevisfonze, rac Seexeba 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloo gadawyvetilebis baTiladcnobas, ganaxlebuli procesis xangrZlivoba aris kidev erTi elementi, ro-melic xels uSlis ganmcxadebels, isargeblos gabaTilebuli gadawyvetile-biT misTvis miniWebuli sakuTrebiT. Sesabamisad, ar dgas aRniSnuli sakiTxisdamoukideblad ganxilvis saWiroeba, konvenciis me-6 muxlis I punqtis mixed-viT.7

aseve ar arsebobs ganmcxadeblis mier konvenciis me-13 muxlze dayrdnobiTwamoyenebuli pretenziebis gancalkevebulad ganxilvis saWiroeba, vinaidanes sakiTxi gaerTianda samarTlebrivi gansazRvrulobis principTan dakavSi-rebul saCivarSi.8

konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

ganmcxadebelma moiTxova kompensacia baTumSi, mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebaresakuTrebasTan dakavSirebiT. igi eyrdnoba eqspertTa daskvnas, romelic Se-adgina Sps èkonomiks auditma~ _ kerZo auditorulma kompaniam saqarTvelo-Si. pirvelad ganmcxadeblis qoneba Sefasda 180.000 aSS dolarad (132.752 ev-ro). meore daskvnis Tanaxmad, mTliani saxlis Rirebuleba Seadgens 320.000evros. ganmcxadebelma ganmarta, rom fasebs Soris sxvaoba gamoiwvia Semdeg-ma garemoebam: pirvel daskvnaSi ar aris Sesuli im miwis nakveTis Rirebuleba,romelzec saxli mdebareobs. garda amisa, ganmcxadebeli acxadebs, rom pir-vel da meore daskvnebs Soris periodSi baTumSi uZravi qonebis fasi Zaliangaizarda. garda amisa, ganmcxadebeli iTxovs 50.000 evros moraluri zianisasanazRaureblad.

mTavroba acxadebs, rom eqspertTa mier warmodgenili daskvnebi ar aris sar-wmuno da ganmcxadeblis moTxovnebi materialuri da moraluri zianis anaz-Raurebis Sesaxeb dausabuTebeli da Zalze gadaWarbebulia. mTavrobam gan-marta, rom ganmcxadebels yovelTvis SeeZlo Seetana sarCeli da moeTxovamazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare saxlze sakuTrebis uflebis aRdgena, ra SemTxve-vaSic mopasuxe saxelmwifo SesaZloa, daTanxmeboda davis molaparakebis gziTmogvarebas.

orive daskvnis saTanadod ganxilvis Semdeg sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom maT-Si mkafiod ar aris miTiTebuli uZravi qonebis Rirebulebis dadgenis wesebi.Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo ver gaiTvaliswinebs aRniSnul daskvnebs da ver mi-

7 Vrioni and Others v. Albania, no. 2141/03, § 64, 24 March 2009.8 Popov (no. 2), cited above, § 55, and Nikolay Zaytsev v. Russia, no. 3447/06, § 24, 18 February 2010.


iCnevs maT sarwmuno mtkicebulebebad. arc ganmcxadeblis miTiTeba uZraviqonebis saagentos mier gamocxadebul fasebze ar dasturdeba, rogorc ba-TumSi uZravi qonebis fasebis Sesaxeb informaciis kanonieri wyaro.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom, zogadad, konvenciis 41-e muxliT prioritetulad iTvleba restitutio in integrum (pirveladi mdgoma-reobis aRdgena), radganac mopasuxe saxelmwifom unda gaataros yvela Se-saZlo zoma darRvevis gamosasworeblad, ise, rom SeZlebisdagvarad aRad-ginos darRvevamde arsebuli mdgomareoba.9 Sesabamisad, saqmis guldasmiTSeswavlis Sedegad sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom zianis anazRaurebis yvelazemisaRebi formaa ganmcxadeblisaTvis sakuTrebis uflebis aRdgena mazniaS-vilis quCaze mdebare uZrav qonebaze, rogorc es daadgina baTumis saqala-qo sasamarTlom 2004 wlis 18 noembris gadawyvetilebiT. Tu aRniSnulis gan-xorcieleba SeuZlebeli iqneba, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom alternativis sa-xiT ganmcxadeblis moTxovnis dakmayofileba SesaZlebelia misTvis mazni-aSvilis quCaze mdebare uZrav qonebaze sakuTrebis uflebis dakargviT mi-yenebuli zaralis sanacvlod gonivruli kompensaciis gadaxdis gziT. Tumxareebi ver SeZleben Tanxmobis miRwevas mocemul periodSi, sasamarTloitovebs Semdgomi proceduris ganxorcielebis uflebas kompensaciis Tan-xis dadgenis mizniT, konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad (reglamentis 75-e mux-lis I da IV punqtebi).

garda amisa, sasamarTlos udavod miaCnia, rom 2004 wlis 18 noembris saboloogadawyvetilebis gauqmebiT ganmcxadebels Seeqmna garkveuli Seferxeba damiadga usiamovneba. Sedegad miyenebuli moraluri ziani saTanadod ver anaz-Raurdeba mxolod darRvevis aRiarebiTa da dadgeniT. obieqturi SefasebisSedegad sasamarTlo ganmcxadebels aRniSnul punqtSi miakuTvnebs 5.000 ev-ros. rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis mier moTxovnil xarjebsa da danaxarjebs ad-gilobriv sasamarTloebsa da evrosasamarTloSi gaweuli xarjebis asanazRa-ureblad, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ar arsebobs ganmcxadeblisaTvis xar-jebisa da danaxarjebis anazRaurebis safuZveli.

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo erTxmad adgens, rom:

_ dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis I punqti da pirveli oqmis I muxli;

_ Tu SeuZlebeli iqneba baTumSi, mazniaSvilis quCaze mdebare uZravi qone-bis dabruneba, mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels ormxrivi SeTanxme-bis safuZvelze unda gadauxados gonivruli kompensacia mopasuxe saxel-mwifos erovnul valutaSi, aseve _ gadasaxadebi, romlebic SesaZloa, gada-saxdeli gaxdes ganCinebis saboloo ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRidan eqvsi TvisvadaSi. Tu mxareebi ver SeTanxmdebian fuladi kompensaciis Tanxaze, sasa-marTlo TviTon daadgens mTavrobis mier gadasaxdel Tanxas;

_ itovebs konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyenebis uflebas;

9 ix. Apostol v. Georgia, no.40765/02, §71, ECHR 2006 XIV; FC Mretebi v. Georgia, no.38736/04, §61, 31 July 2007;Assanidze v. Georgia [GC], no. 71503/01, §198).




_ ganCinebis saboloo ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRidan eqvsi Tvis vadaSi saxelmwi-fom unda warmoadginos werilobiTi argumentebi sakiTxze, kerZod, acno-bon sasamarTlos maT mier miRweuli raime SeTanxmebis Sesaxeb.

sasamarTlo aseve erTxmad adgens, rom moraluri zianis anazRaurebis sa-xiT mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels unda gadauxados 5.000 (xuTi aTa-si) evros ekvivalenti lari, gadaxdis dRisaTvis arsebuli kursiT, aseve _gadasaxadebi, romlebic SeiZleba gadasaxdeli gaxdes.

sasamarTlo ar akmayofilebs ganmcxadeblis mier samarTliani dakmayofi-lebis moTxovnas darCenil nawilSi.


xaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdegxaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdegxaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdegxaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdegxaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

xaindrava da ZamaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

Case of Khaindrava and Dzamashvili v. Georgia (#18183/05)

2005 wlis 7 aprils givi xaindravam da mari ZamaSvilma ganacxadiT mimar-Tes strasburgSi adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa daZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesaba-misad.

2010 wlis 8 ivniss sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#18183/05) da erTsu-lovnad daadgina, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-2 muxli.


1997 wels, dilis 4 saaTze, givi xaindravas Tavs daesxnen sakuTar saxlSi. isTavis areSi avtomatis kondaxiTa da wixlebiT Zlier scema samma (an orma) pir-ma. meore dRes misi ojaxis wevrebma policiaSi Seitanes saCivari, romelicupasuxod darCa. amis Semdeg ganmcxadebelma TviTon miagno TavdamsxmelTa-gan ors _ d.p.-sa da g.t.-s, ganaiaraRa isini da TavisTan, saxlSi miiyvana. Sem-deg daukavSirda g.m-s, martvilis raionis prokurorsa da v.b.-s - mis TanaSem-wes, raTa maT daekiTxaT dakavebuli pirebi da reagireba moexdinaT saCivar-ze. ganmcxadebelma videofirze Caiwera es Sexvedra, romelic mis saxlSi 1998wlis 24 seqtembers Sedga. prokurorisa da misi TanaSemwis winaSe orive aR-niSnulma pirma daadastura, rom ganmcxadebelze sadavo Tavdasxma maT a.g.-s_ adgilobrivi policiis ori maRalCinosnis mamis _ brZanebiT ganaxorcie-les. maT ganmartes, rom a.g.-s davalebiT, ganmcxadebelze Tavdasxma iseTisimZimis unda yofiliyo, rom igi momkvdariyo. Tu mizani miRweuli iqneboda,Tavdamsxmelebi 50.000 aSS dolars miiRebdnen, xolo arasasikvdilo dartyme-bis miyenebis SemTxvevaSi _ mxolod 1500 aSS dolars. mesame Tavdamsxmeli,vinme g.C-ua, metsaxelad ko-ia (SemdgomSi `ko-ia~), savaraudod, Suamavlisrols asrulebda. amis Semdeg d.p. da g.t. yvebian ko-iasTan TavianTi pirveliSexvedris Sesaxeb, romelic mitovebul saxlSi Sedga da romlis adgilmdeba-reobac maT miuTiTes. g.t.-s Cvenebis Tanaxmad, ko-ias surda, rom ganmcxade-beli `sastikad yofiliyo nacemi~, raTa `misi asakidan gamomdinare, is miyene-buli dartymebisagan momkvdariyo~.

ganmcxadebelma prokurorebi gaafrTxila, rom prokuraturis mxridan rea-girebas kidev erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi daelodeboda. kerZod, ganmcxade-belma moiTxova, rom a.g. masTan misuliyo da uareyo is sicrue, rac mis pati-osnebas Crdils ayenebda, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, is iZulebuli gaxdeboda,Tavad gaesworebina angariSi. ganmcxadebelma prokurorebi gaafrTxila, romTuki is iZulebuli gaxdeboda, piradad eZia Suri da Semdeg tyeSi gaxiznuli-yo, amaze prokurorebi iqnebodnen pasuxismgebelni da maT sTxova, ès ar da-eSvaT~.

vinaidan, aRniSnuli Sexvedris miuxedavad, prokuraturas reagireba ar mo-uxdenia, ganmcxadebeli pirdapir a.g.-sTan mivida, raTa gaerkvia mizezi, ra-mac is aiZula, misi mkvleloba SeekveTa. aRniSnuli saubris Sinaarsi ucnobia.



Tumca, saqmidan irkveva, rom am or pirovnebas didi xnis mtroba hqonda. gan-mcxadeblis Cvenebis Tanaxmad, swored aRniSnuli revanSis mcdelobebisTvisbolos mosaRebad da maTi mamis dasacavad daakaves is a.g.-s vaJebma, policie-lebma, 2000 wels. 2000 wlis 12 ianvars ganmcxadebeli daakaves da eWvmitani-lad cnes fulis gamoZalvaSi, iaraRis ukanonod tareba-Senaxvasa da gadata-naSi, agreTve _ sxvisi Tavisuflebis xelyofaSi.

2001 wlis 17 maisis saCivriT, romelic 2001 wlis 22 maiss iqna Setanili, gan-mcxadebelma qalbatonma generalur prokurors warudgina saqmeSi arsebu-li faqtebi da sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra moiTxova. ganmcxadebelma qal-batonma aRniSna, rom 1998 wlis 24 seqtembris Sexvedris videoCanaweri raio-nis prokuraturaSi inaxeboda. man moiTxova mis meuRleze 1997 wels ganxor-cielebuli Tadasxmis faqtze gamoZiebis Catareba da a.g.-s, rogorc danaSau-lis SemkveTis, sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema.

2001 wlis 30 ivliss martvilis prokuraturam ganixila miTiTebuli saqmis ma-salebi da ganmcxadebeli qalbatonis saCivari ar daakmayofila. aRniSnulidadgenileba gauqmda zemdgomi Tanamdebobis piris saxelze saCivris SetanisSemdeg. gamoZieba ganaxlda 2002 wlis 5 marts. 2002 wlis 7 marts martvilisprokuroris TanamSemwem ganmcxadebeli cixeSi moinaxula, raTa igi daekiTxamis winaaRmdeg organizebuli Tavdasxmis Taobaze. ganmcxadebelma Cvenebismicemaze uari ganacxada im motiviT, rom is martvilis prokuraturis orga-noebs saerTod ar endoboda da saqmeSi am prokuraturis acilebis Sesaxeb ga-nacxada. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, is mzadyofnas acxadebda, Cveneba sxva ra-ionis prokuraturisTvis mieca.

2002 wlis 7 marts imave prokurorma ko-ia moinaxula cixeSi, raTa igi gan-mcxadeblis winaaRmdeg organizebuli Tavdasxmis Taobaze daekiTxa, magramko-iam aseve uari ganacxada Cvenebis micemaze im motiviT, rom is martvilisprokuraturis organoebs saerTod ar endoboda da Tu saqme gadaecemodasxva raionis an generalur prokuraturas, is mzad iqneboda TanamSromlo-bisTvis. zemoxsenebulis gaTvaliswinebiT, 2002 wlis 25 marts martvilisprokuraturam ganmcxadebels uari uTxra sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra-ze sssk-is 28-e muxlis à~ punqtis safuZvliT. sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aR-Zvraze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb aRniSnuli dadgenileba generalurma prokura-turam 2002 wlis 3 aprils gaauqma da saqme martvilis prokuraturas xelaxaliganxilvisTvis daubruna.

2002 wlis 7 maiss generalurma prokuraturam aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebis Se-saxeb ganmcxadebel qalbatons acnoba. generaluri prokuraturis werili-dan irkveva, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvraze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb 2002wlis 25 martis dadgenilebis gadasinjva da gauqmeba gamoiwvia ganmcxadebe-li qalbatonis werilis 2002 wlis 1 aprils erT-erT gazeTSi gamoqveynebam.

2002 wlis 27 maiss ganmcxadebelma qalbatonma martvilis prokurors kvlavmosTxova misi meuRlis sicocxlis xelyofasTan dakavSirebiT zomebis miRe-ba. man kmayofileba gamoxata generaluri prokuraturis mier sisxlis samar-Tlis saqmis aRZvraze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb 2002 wlis 25 martis dadgenilebisgauqmebasTan dakavSirebiT. 2002 wlis 27 maiss ganmcxadeblis advokatma, war-


moadgina ra igive faqtebi, rac ganmcxadebelma qalbatonma, martvilis pro-kuraturas mimarTa. man aseve moiTxova a.g.-s sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgeba-Si micema da misi ko-iasTan dapirispireba. 2002 wlis 10 ivniss martvilis pro-kuraturam advokats xelaxla uTxra uari sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvrazeda axal dadgenilebaSi 2002 wlis 15 martis dadgenilebaSi moyvanili faqtebida motivebi gaimeora.

2004 wlis 10 marts ganmcxadebelma mimarTa generalur prokurors da moiT-xova sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra, misi sicocxlis xelyofis faqtisTvisnaTelis mofenis mizniT. man aseve moiTxova prokuraturis im TanamSromel-Ta sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema, romlebsac, 1997 wlidan moyole-buli, araviTari Semdgomi msvleloba ar miuciaT misi sxvadasxva saCivrisaT-vis.

2004 wlis 25 marts generalurma prokuraturam aRniSnuli gancxadeba gada-ugzavna samegrelo-zemo svaneTis saolqo prokuraturas da mosTxova, gada-mowmebuliyo, aRiZra Tu ara sisxlis samarTlis saqme ganmcxadeblis sicoc-xlis xelyofis faqtze; miRebul iqna Tu ara raime gadawyvetileba aRniSnul-Tan dakavSirebiT da Seesabameboda Tu ara is kanons. gatarebuli RonisZiebe-bis Sedegebi unda gadagzavniliyo generalur prokuraturaSi. saolqo pro-kuraturas am moTxovnaze reagireba ar mouxdenia.

2004 wlis 30 seqtembers ganmcxadebelma axlad daniSnul generalur proku-rorTan gaasaCivra Tavis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT zemdgomi organoebis miergamoCenili umoqmedoba da gaaprotesta misi 2004 wlis 10 martis saCivris ga-dagzavna saolqo prokuraturaSi. man xelaxla wamoayena gamoZiebis Catare-bis moTxovna, amyarebda ra imeds axali generaluri prokuroris daniSvnaze.ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, es iyo misi ukanaskneli mcdeloba strasburgis sasa-marTlosTvis mimarTvamde.


Tavis 2005 wlis 7 aprilis ganacxadSi ganmcxadebeli Civis, rom mas mraval-ricxovan saCivrebze araviTari pasuxi ar miuRia da amtkicebs, rom misi si-cocxlis xelyofis faqtze efeqturi gamoZiebis ararseboba warmoadgendakonvenciis me-2 muxlis I paragrafis darRvevas.

upirveles yovlisa, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom winamdebare saqmeSi konven-ciis me-2 muxlis gamoyeneba mxareTa Soris diskusiis sagani ar gamxdara. Ta-vis mxriv, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebeli gadaurCa d.p.-sa da g.t.-s _ ori kerZo piris mier, romlebic savaraudod a.g.-s _ policis ori maRalCi-nosnis mamis instruqciebiT moqmedebdnen - mis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebulTavdasxmas. winamdebare saqmis garemoebebisa da mis xelT arsebuli mtkice-bulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSiarsebobs konvenciis me-2 muxlis gamoyenebis safuZveli.1

1 ix. akaratzis c. Grèce [GC], no 50385/99, §§49-55, 20 décembre 2004.




upirveles yovlisa, sasamarTlo Seaxsenebs, rom konvenciis me-2 muxli, ro-melic uzrunvelyofs sicocxlis uflebas, konvenciis umniSvnelovanes mux-lebs Soris figurirebs da demokratiuli sazogadoebis fundamenturi Rire-bulebebis ganuyofel nawils warmoadgens, swored amazea dafuZnebuli ev-ropis sabWo. sasamarTlom maqsimaluri yuradRebiT unda ganixilos preten-ziebi aRniSnuli debulebis darRvevis Sesaxeb.2

sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvenciis me-2 muxlis I paragrafis pirveli wina-dadeba saxelmwifos avaldebulebs, aramxolod Tavi Seikavos sikvdilis gan-zrax da ukanonod gamowvevisgan, aramed miiRos yvela aucilebeli zoma misiurisdiqcias daqvemdebarebul pirTa sicocxlis dasacavad. aRniSnuli moi-cavs saxelmwifos umTavres valdebulebas, uzrunvelyos sicocxlis uflebakonkretuli sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobis SeqmniT, romelsac eqnebapiris winaaRmdeg mimarTuli xelyofis Semakavebeli Zala da daeyrdnoba dar-RvevaTa prevenciis, aRkveTisa da dasjis meqanizms.3 zogierT konkretul Sem-TxvevaSi aRniSnuli debuleba aseve moicavs saxelmwifoTa pozitiur valde-bulebas, prevenciulad miiRon praqtikuli xasiaTis zomebi im pirTa dasaca-vad, romelTa sicocxlec safrTxeSia.4

amas garda, sasamarTlo Seaxsnebs, rom konvenciis me-2 muxlidan gamomdinaresicocxlis uflebis dacvis valdebuleba, konvenciis I muxliT gaTvaliswi-nebul saxelmwifoTa zogad valdebulebasTan kombinaciaSi, rom `TavianTi iu-risdiqciis farglebSi yvelasaTvis uzrunvelyon am konvenciiT gansazRvru-li uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi~, gulisxmobs da moiTxovs oficialuri efeq-turi gamoZiebis romelime formiT Catarebas, rodesac Zalis gamoyenebam ga-moiwvia adamianis sikvdili, miuxedavad imisa, aRniSnulis Camdeni saxelmwi-fos warmomadgenelia Tu mesame piri.5 es mosazreba exeba winamdebare saqme-sac, romelSic sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT ganxorcie-lebulma mopyrobam am ukanasknelis sicocxle safrTxeSi Caagdo. kerZod, sa-gamoZiebi moqmedebebi unda iyos safuZvliani, miukerZoebeli da warimarTosmaqsimaluri yuradRebiT.6

gamoZiebis forma, romelic aRniSnuli miznebis miRwevas uzrunvelyofs, Se-saZloa, garemoebebis Sesabamisad, sxvadasxvagvari iyos. miuxedavad amisa, ro-goric ar unda iyos gamoyenebuli forma, Sesabamisma organoebma informaci-is miRebisTanave daniSnulebisamebr unda imoqmedon da maT piris ojaxiswevrs ar unda gadaabaron saCivris formalurad Setanis iniciativa an auci-lebeli sagamoZiebo moqmedebebis Catarebis pasuxismgeblobis aRebis SesaZ-lebloba.7

garda imisa, rom Catarebuli gamoZieba unda iyos damoukidebeli da msxver-plis ojaxisTvis xelmisawvdomi, is aseve unda iyos efeqturi im Tvalsazri-siT, rom unda Catardes gonivruli tempiTa da gulmodginebiT, raTa sazoga-

2 Natchova et autres c. Bulgarie [GC], nos 43577/98 et 43579/98, § 93, CEDH 2005-VII.3 Karagiannopoulos c. Grèce, no 27850/03, §53, 21 juin 2007.4 Scavuzzo-Hager et autres c. Suisse, no 41773/98, §51, 7 février 2006.5 Tahsin Acar c. Turquie [GC], no.26307/95, §220, CEDH 2004-III.6 McCann et autres c. Royaume- Uni, 27 septembre 1995, §§ 161-163, série A no 324.7 Tahsin Acar, arrêt précité, §221; Finucane c. Royaume-Uni, no 29178/95, §67, CEDH 2003-VIII.


doebas mieces masze Tvalyuris devnebis sakmarisi ufleba da Sesabamis Sem-TxvevaSi dasruldes pasuxismgebel pirTa identifikaciiTa da dasjiT.8 am Sem-TxvevaSi saqme exeba ara SedegTan, aramed saSualebebTan dakavSirebul val-debulebas. xelisuflebis organoebma unda miiRon zomebi, romlebic maTTvisgonivrulobis farglebSi iyo xelmisawvdomi incidentTan dakavSirebulimtkicebulebebis Segrovebis mizniT.9 nebismieri xarvezi, romelmac SesaZ-loa, xeli SeuSalos gamoZiebas pasuxismgebeli piris an pirebis gamovlenaSi,mTlianobaSi mosalodnelia iqces gamoZiebis araefeqturobis gamomwvev mi-zezad.10

sasamarTlo iZulebulia, aRiaros, rom SesaZloa, arsebobdes sirTuleebi andabrkolebebi, romlebic gansakuTrebul situaciaSi xels uSlis gamoZiebiswinsvlas. Tumca, xelisuflebis organoebis swrafi reagireba, rodesac saqmeexeba gamoZiebis Catarebas sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT,SesaZloa iyos sazogadoebis ndobis SenarCunebis umTavresi faqtori, rac em-saxureba sazogadoebaSi Tanasworobis principis pativiscemis dacvas, uka-nono aqtebSi monawileobis gamoricxvas, damnaSaveTa Sewynarebis an danaSau-lis CadenaSi SeTanxmebis STabeWdilebis Tavidan acilebas.11

mocemul SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo iZulebulia, daaskvnas, rom sicocxlis xel-yofis faqti, romlis obieqtic ganmcxadebeli gaxda, sakmarisad iqna mitani-li prokuraturamde, kompetentur uwyebamde, romelic sssk-is 24-e muxlisme-2 da me-4 nawilebis, 261-e muxlis pirveli da 265-e muxlis pirveli da me-4nawilebis safuZvelze, valdebuli iyo, yovel SemTxvevaSi, 2005 wlis 25 mar-tamde, dauyovnebliv gadaemowmebina informacia da Sesabamis SemTxvevaSiaReZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme WeSmaritebis dadgenis mizniT. miuxedavadimisa, rom aRniSnuli debuleba garkveulwilad Seicvala 2005 wlis 25 martiscvlilebebisa da damatebebis Sesaxeb kanoniT, prokuraturas mainc ekisrebasisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris valdebuleba, rodesac mas ecnobeba dana-Saulebrivi faqtebis Sesaxeb, iseve rogorc _ gamoZiebis Catarebis valdebu-leba pasuxismgebel pirTa gamovlenis mizniT.

rac Seexeba ganmcxadebeli qalbatonis mier, dakavebuli meuRlis saxeliT,2001 wlis 22 maiss Setanil oficialur saCivarsa da Semdgom saCivrebs, rom-lebic ganmcxadebelma kompetentur adgilobriv da erovnul organoebSi Se-itana, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobis argumentis sapirispirod, a.g.-ssisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micemis garda, ganmcxadebeli garkveviT iT-xovda misi sicocxlis xelyofisa da prokuraturis organos danaSaulebriviumoqmedobis faqtebze gamoZiebis Catarebas. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, oficia-luri saCivris ararsebobis pirobebSic ki, kompetenturi organoebi valde-bulni iyvnen, gamoZieba ganmcxadeblis sicocxlis xelyofis faqtze infor-maciis miRebisTanave CaetarebinaT.12

8 Varnava et autres c. Turquie [GC], 16064/90, 16065/90, 16066/90, 16068/90, 16069/90, 16070/90, 16071/90,16072/90 et 16073/90, §191, CEDH 2009-...; Our c. Turquie [GC], no 21594/93, §88, CEDH 1999-III.

9 Tanr1kulu c. Turquie [GC], no 23763/94, §§109, CEDH 1999-IV.10 Akta_ c. Turquie, no 24351/94, §300, CEDH 2003-V.11 McKerr c. Royaume-Uni, no 28883/95, §§111 et 114, CEDH 2001-III ; Brecknell c. Royaume-Uni, no 32457/04,

§65, 27 novembre 2007.12 ix. zemoxsenebuli saqmeebis garda, Kelly et autres c. Royaume-Uni, no30054/96, §94, 4 mai 2001.




rac Seexeba martvilis prokuraturis mier 2001-2002 wlebSi Catarebuli ga-moZiebis efeqturobas, saqmis masalebidan ar irkveva, Catarda Tu ara sagamo-Ziebo moqmedebebi 2001 wlis 22 maisidan _ saCivris Setanidan 2001 wlis 30 iv-lisamde _ sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvraze pirvelad uaris Tqmamde peri-odSi. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebis garda, romlis Tanaxmad, martvilis proku-raturam sruli umoqmedoba gamoiCina, aRniSnul sakiTxze saqmeSi sxva infor-macia ar arsebobs. sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvraze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb aR-niSnuli dadgenilebis gauqmebis Semdeg iyo ko-iasa da ganmcxadeblis dakiT-xvis mcdeloba, magram aRniSnuli pirebis moTxovnaze, enaxaT prokuraturissxva samsaxurebis mier gamokvleuli saqme, vinaidan maT martvilis prokura-turis mimarT ndoba ar gaaCndaT, araviTari reagireba ar momxdara. mTavro-bis mtkicebis sapirispirod, acilebis moTxovnebi ganmcxadeblisa da ko-iasmier mkafiod iyo formulirebuli 2002 wlis 7 martis dakiTxvebis dros dasaqmis garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, isini ar SeiZleboda aSkarad dausabu-Teblad yofiliyo miCneuli. aRniSnuli moTxovnebis ganxilvis gareSe, mar-tvilis prokuraturam orive pirs simarTlis dadgenis mizniT arasakmarisiTanamSromloba usayvedura, riTac daasabuTa 2002 wlis 25 martis dadgeni-leba. miuxedavad imisa, rom es dadgenileba SemdgomSi gauqmda, araferi ariZleva imis daskvnis safuZvels, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvraze uka-nasknelad uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb dadgenilebis miRebamde damatebiTi gamoZiebaCatarda. magaliTad, saqmidan ar irkveva, rom ko-ias aRiareba, romelic exebaganmcxadeblis mkvlelobis organizebas a.g.-s waqezebiT da romlis Sesaxe-bac sagamoZiebo organoebs 2001 wlis aprilidan ecnoba, raime saxis gadamow-mebas daeqvemdebara; rom raionis prokurorisa da misi TanaSemwis Cvenebebi,romlebic ganmcxadeblis mier warmodgenil faqtebs adasturebs, sisxlissa-marTlebrivi gamoZiebis sxva aqtebis Catarebis obieqti gaxda; rom moxda gan-mcxadeblis dapirispireba ko-iasTan an kidev _ a.g.-sTan da rom d.p.-ze Zebnagamocxadda. rac Seexeba prokuraturis Sida gamoZiebis daskvnebs, romlebicSemdgomSi sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebis dros iqna gamoyenebuli, mTavrobassasamarTlos winaSe arc aRniSnuli daskvnebi da arc sadavo administraciu-li gamoZiebis sxva masalebi ar warmoudgenia.

da bolos, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom raionis prokuraturis organoebis du-milis miuxedavad, romlebsac generalurma prokuraturam ramdenjerme mos-Txova angariSis Cabareba, am ukanasknelma ar moaxdina efeqturi reagireba.amasTanave, ganmcxadeblis moTxovna, saqme CamorTmeoda martvilis proku-raturas, raTa gamoZieba realurad damoukidebel uwyebas Caetarebina, upa-suxod darCa. maSasadame, gamomdinare iqidan, rom aRniSnulma prokuraturammanamde ukve gamoavlina uunaroba, emoqmeda adgilobrivi pasuxismgebeli pi-rebisgan sruliad damoukideblad, rom a.g. iyo adgilobrivi policiis orimaRalCinosnis mama da rom ganmcxadebeli, sxvaTa Soris, moiTxovda imave ra-ionis prokurorebis sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micemas, is viTareba,rom generalurma prokuraturam saqmis gamoZieba martvilis prokuraturasmiando, „cudad eTavseba~ im saxelmwifo moxeleebis ierarqiuli, instituci-uri da praqtikuli damoukideblobis moTxovnebs, romlebsac evalebaT kon-venciis me-2 muxlidan gamomdinare gamoZiebis Catareba.13

13 ix. Ergi c. Turquie, 28 juillet 1998, §§83-84, Recueil des arrêts et décisions 1998-IV; Scavuzzo-Hager et autres,précité, §§ 78, 81 et 82.


zemoaRniSnuli mosazrebebis erToblivad ganxilvis Semdeg sasamarTlo as-kvnis, rom saxelmwifom ar Seasrula ganmcxadeblis sicocxlis xelyofis saq-meSi efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebis pozitiuri valdebuleba. Sesabamisad, da-irRva konvenciis me-2 muxli.

zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom erTxmad daadgina, rom:

1) dairRva konvenciis me-2 muxlis proceduruli nawili;

2) mopasuxe saxelmwifom ganmcxadebels unda gadauxados 12.000 (TormetiaTasi) evro _ moraluri zianisaTvis.




goginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

Case of Goginashvili v. Georgia (#47729/08)

2008 wlis 9 agvistos vasil goginaSvilma ganacxadiT mimarTa strasburgSiadamianis uflebaTa sasamarTlos, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad Tavi-suflebaTa dacvis evropuli konvenciis 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

2011 wlis 4 oqtombers sasamarTlom ganixila ganacxadi (#47729/08) da er-Tsulovnad daadgina, rom ar darRveula konvenciis me-3 muxli.


policiis yofili oficeri vasil goginaSvili, rogorc narkotikuli nivTie-rebebis kontrabandaSi eWvmitanili piri, 2006 wlis 21 maiss daapatimres. 2007wlis ianvarSi is braldebulad cnes da miusajes 21 wliT Tavisuflebis aRkve-Ta.

vasil goginaSvilis samedicino Canawerebis Tanaxmad, mas hqonda mravali qro-nikuli daavadeba, RviZlis ukmarisobisa da hepatitis CaTvliT. cixis admi-nistraciam vasil goginaSvils janmrTelobis problemebi pirvelad 2006 wlisivlisSi aRmouCina, rodesac mas Cautarda sisxlisa da Sardis analizi janmrTe-lobis saerTo mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad. amis Semdeg gadaiyvanes cixis sa-avadmyofoSi, sadac mas momdevno oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaSi Cautares yovelmx-rivi samedicino Semowmeba. Sesabamisad, mis janmrTelobas eqimebi mudmivadakvirdebodnen da yovelTvis aTavsebdnen cixis saavadmyofoSi, roca esaWi-roeboda specialuri intensiuri mkurnaloba. amas garda, im periodSi, rocavasil goginaSvilis janmrTelobis mdgomareoba stabiluri iyo, mas ambula-toriuli mkurnalobis Sesabamisad eZleoda medikamentebi da imyofebodaeqim-specialistebis mudmivi meTvalyureobis qveS.

2008 wlis oqtomberSi, vasil goginaSvilis moTxovnis safuZvelze, strasbur-gis sasamarTlom saqarTvelos mTavrobas droebiTi RonisZiebis saxiT daava-la, rom ganmcxadebeli moeTavsebinaT samedicino dawesebulebaSi, sadac iq-neboda misi yovelmxrivi mkurnalobis saSualeba. Sedegad, mTavrobam vasilgoginaSvili rva dRis Semdeg moaTavsa cixis saavadmyofoSi. mTavrobis miersasamarTlos winaSe gansaxilvelad wardgenili dokumentebis Tanaxmad, gan-mcxadebels Cautarda yovelmxrivi samedicino Semowmeba da gamouweres me-dikamentebi. 2009 wlis ivnisSi mTavrobam vasil goginaSvilis mkurnalobisSesaxeb sasamarTlos warudgina detaluri informacia, romlis Tanaxmadac,mas mkurnalobdnen samoqalaqo saavadmyofoSi momuSave sxvadasxva profiliseqimebi, rasac, Tavis mxriv, cixis eqimic adasturebda. mas daeniSna 36 saxeo-bis medikamenti, romelTa Soris iyo hipertenziis, kardiologiuri, urolo-giuri da nefrologiuri daavadebebis samkurnalo medikamentebi.

2010 wlis agvistoSi sasamarTlom gaauqma mTavrobis gankarguleba vasil go-ginaSvilis saavadmyofoSi moTavsebis Taobaze. miuxedavad amisa, cixis admi-nistraciam igi mainc datova saavadmyofoSi, sadac gaugrZelda mkurnaloba.


konvenciis me-3 muxlze dayrdnobiT, ganmcxadebeli Civis, rom xelisufle-bis uflebamosilma pirebma saTanadod ver uzrunvelyves misi janmrTelobisdacva cixis pirobebSi.


sasamarTlom daadgina, rom vasil goginaSvilis saCivrebi, romlebic exeboda2010 wlis 1 oqtombramde mis mkurnalobas, rodesac amoqmedda sasjelaRsru-lebis Sesaxeb axali kanoni, dasaSvebad unda iqnes miCneuli. sasamarTlom gan-sakuTrebiT aRniSna is faqti, rom, marTalia, SidasamarTlebrivi dacvis meqa-nizmebi imave dRes amoqmedda, magram es imas ar niSnavs, rom adrindeli gan-cxadebebi ar unda gamocxaddes dasaSvebad. Tumca, rac Seexeba vasil gogi-naSvilis saCivrebs, romlebic exeba 2010 wlis 1 oqtombris Semdeg mis samedi-cino mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs, sasamarTlom isini dauSveb-lad cno. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom vasil goginaSvils es sakiTxi gansaxil-velad unda daeyenebina Sesabamisi adgilobrivi organoebis winaSe, kanoniTdadgenili procedurebis mixedviT.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom warmodgenili ganacxadis komunikaciis Semdeg sa-xelmwifom warmoadgina ganmcxadeblis mTliani samedicino istoriis asli,sadac dawvrilebiT iyo aRnusxuli mkurnalobis yvela etapi. amgvarad, sasa-marTlos winaSe yvela saWiro informaciis wardgeniT, romelic sadavo mkur-nalobis xarisxis Sesafaseblad sruliad sakmarisi iyo, saxelmwifom warma-tebiT gaarTva Tavi masze dakisrebuli mtkicebis tvirTis valdebulebas dajerovnad daexmara sasamarTlos faqtobriv ganmartebebSi.1

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom, miuxedavad mis mier droebiTi RonisZiebis gauq-mebisa, cixis administraciam Tavisi iniciativiT gaugrZela ganmcxadebelsstacionaruli mkurnaloba cixis saavadmyofoSi, sadac is dResac mkurnalobs.am periodis ganmavlobaSi mas utardeboda yovelmxrivi kompleqsuri gamok-vleva.2 rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis pretenzias, rom cixis saavadmyofos pi-robebSi SeuZlebeli iyo kompleqsuri gamokvlevisa da mkurnalobis Catare-ba, sasamarTlo daeyrdno mTavrobisa da wamebis amkrZalavi saerTaSoriso ko-misiis daskvnebs, sadac naTqvamia, rom cixis saavadmyofos amJamindeli mdgo-mareoba Seesabameba samoqalaqo saavadmyofos standartebs. es Sesabamisobaki sasamarTlos SesaZleblobas aZlevs daaskvnas, rom amgvari pirobebi ar war-moadgens konvenciis me-3 muxlis moTxovnebis darRvevas.3

unda aRiniSnos, rom, miuxedavad cixis saavadmyofos samedicino personalSieqim-nefrologis Statis ararsebobisa, amgvari konkretuli SezRudva ar un-da dakvalificirdes, rogorc konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva, radgan es xar-vezi srulad kompensirda cixis administraciis mier aplikantisaTvis eqim-nefrologis miwveviTa da Sesabamisi mkurnalobis daniSvniT. gansakuTrebiTunda aRiniSnos aseve aplikantis mimarT cixis administraciis mier gamoCeni-li yuradReba, rac tuberkulozisa da Sidsis virusis prevenciisaTvis iyo ga-miznuli.

1 see, a contrario, Malenko v. Ukraine, no. 18660/03, §§ 56-57, 19 February 2009.2 see Testa v. Croatia, no.20877/04, §52, 12 July 2007, and Poghosyan v. Georgia, no.9870/07, §57, 24 February 2009.3 See Mirilashvili v. Russia (dec.), no. 6293/04, 10 July 2007.

goginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeggoginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeggoginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeggoginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeggoginaSvili saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

amgvarad, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadebels eqimebma cixis saavad-myofoSi aRmouCines ara marto qmediTi da jerovani samedicino daxmareba,aramed mas Cautarda zusti diagnostikuri gamokvleva da daeniSna Sesabamisimkurnaloba saxelmwifos xarjze.4 aplikantis mkurnaloba iyo regularuli,sistemuri da kompleqsuri TerapiiT gansazRvruli.5

zemoxsenebuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom cixisadministraciam jerovani gulmodginebiT uzrunvelyo aplikantis janmrTe-lobis dacva, rac gamoixata Sesabamisi da sistemuri samedicino mkurnalobisdaniSvnaSi.

sasamarTlos Semadgenlobam erTsulovnad daadgina, rom konvenciis me-3 mux-li ar darRveula.

4 contrast with Hummatov, cited above, § 116, and Melnik, also cited above, §§ 104 1065 Compare with Sarban v. Moldova, no.3456/05, §79, 4 October 2005, and Popov v. Russia, no.26853/04, § 211, 13 July

2006.

SeniSvnebisTvis

SeniSvnebisTvis

SeniSvnebisTvis

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTloTbilisi 0110, Zmebi zubalaSvilebis q. #32 tel.: (995 32) 985172

www.supremecourt.ge

The Supreme Court of Georgia32, Br. Zubalashvili str., Tbilisi 0110, Tel.: (995 32) 985172

www.supremecourt.ge

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