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2011 Enter your company name
User's Guide
ADVANCE DESIGN AMERICA Version 2012
October 2011
TM
3Contents
3
2011 Enter your company name
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 BASIC PRINCIPLES 42................................................................................................................................... 421.1 Advance Design America
.......................................................................................................................................................... 42Disclaimer 1.1.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 42Version and Build number 1.1.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 43About Advance Design America 1.1.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 44Overview 1.1.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 46Interface 1.1.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 46Updating Advance Design America 1.1.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 47About the Protection Key 1.1.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 47System Requirements 1.1.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 48Starting Advance Design America 1.1.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 48Capacity and Limitations 1.1.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 48Modules and Integrated Standards 1.1.11
................................................................................................................................... 491.2 Technical Support
.......................................................................................................................................................... 49Technical Support 1.2.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 50Using Advance Design America 1.2.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 54Analysis Procedures 1.2.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 56Shortcut Keys 1.2.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 56Tutorials 1.2.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 56Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 1.2.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 56Example - 2D Frame 1.2.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 63Tips 1.2.8......................................................................................................................................................... 63Null Pivot in the Stiffness Matrix
......................................................................................................................................................... 64Correspondence Betw een a Graphical Selection of Elements andSpreadsheet Contents
......................................................................................................................................................... 64Steel Design w ithout Loading
......................................................................................................................................................... 64"Mask" Function
......................................................................................................................................................... 64Mask Part of a Structure for Better View ing
......................................................................................................................................................... 65Selection of Elements in a 2D Model
......................................................................................................................................................... 66Adding or Removing Elements in a Group of Selected Elements on theScreen
......................................................................................................................................................... 66Applying Common Modif ications to a Group of Selected Elements
......................................................................................................................................................... 66Graphically Deleting a Load Applied on an Element
......................................................................................................................................................... 67Analysis w ith Cable Elements (Pre-tensioned Members)................................................................................................................................... 671.3 Using ADA Online Help
.......................................................................................................................................................... 67Using the ADA Online Help 1.3.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 67Online Help Command from Help menu 1.3.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 68Help Command of the Standard Toolbar 1.3.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 68Printing of a Help Section 1.3.4
................................................................................................................................... 681.4 Databases Management
.......................................................................................................................................................... 68ADA Databases 1.4.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 69Common.mdb Database 1.4.2
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 70Saving Styles and Colours 1.4.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 70VDBase.mdb Database 1.4.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 71Archiving Common Objects w ithin the .vd1 File 1.4.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 71Importing Common Objects to your Database 1.4.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 72Changing or Merging the Current Database 1.4.7
................................................................................................................................... 731.5 Language
.......................................................................................................................................................... 73Language 1.5.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 73Modifying the Language 1.5.2
................................................................................................................................... 731.6 Menus
.......................................................................................................................................................... 73Menus 1.6.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 74File Menu 1.6.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 74Edit Menu 1.6.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 75View Menu 1.6.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 76Common Menu 1.6.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 78Structure menu 1.6.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 79Loads Menu 1.6.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 80Analysis Menu 1.6.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 80Results Menu 1.6.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 82Window Menu 1.6.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 82Help Menu 1.6.11
.......................................................................................................................................................... 83Context menu 1.6.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 83Shortcut Keys - Main Window 1.6.13
................................................................................................................................... 841.7 Toolbars
.......................................................................................................................................................... 84Toolbars 1.7.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 84Description of Toolbars and Icons 1.7.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 86Displaying or Hiding Toolbars and Tool tips 1.7.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 86Moving and Sizing Toolbars 1.7.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 86CombiningToolbars Functions 1.7.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 88Status bar 1.7.6......................................................................................................................................................... 88Status bar......................................................................................................................................................... 88Reading the Status Bar......................................................................................................................................................... 88Displaying or Hiding the Status Bar
................................................................................................................................... 881.8 Units
.......................................................................................................................................................... 88Units and Decimals 1.8.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 89Using ft-in Units 1.8.2
................................................................................................................................... 901.9 Axis System
.......................................................................................................................................................... 90Global Axis System 1.9.1......................................................................................................................................................... 90Displaying Global Axis System
.......................................................................................................................................................... 90Local Axis System 1.9.2......................................................................................................................................................... 90Displaying the Member Local Axis System......................................................................................................................................................... 91Displaying the Floor Local Axis System......................................................................................................................................................... 92Displaying the Plate Local Axis System......................................................................................................................................................... 92Displaying the Wall Local Axis System
................................................................................................................................... 931.10 Dialog Boxes
.......................................................................................................................................................... 93ADA Dialog Boxes 1.10.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 94Context Menu 1.10.2
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................................................................................................................................... 941.11 Spreadsheets
.......................................................................................................................................................... 94Spreadsheet Functions 1.11.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 95Shortcut keys 1.11.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 96Left Mouse Button 1.11.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 97Sorting the Whole Column Up or Down 1.11.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 97Sorting Data in a Spreadsheet 1.11.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 97Unicode Characters 1.11.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 97Default Spreadsheet 1.11.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 98Selected Elements and Spreadsheet Contents 1.11.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 99Context Menu 1.11.9......................................................................................................................................................... 99Context Menu for Spreadsheets
......................................................................................................................................................... 100Details
......................................................................................................................................................... 100Change Units
......................................................................................................................................................... 100Find
......................................................................................................................................................... 101Auto numbering
......................................................................................................................................................... 102Modify
......................................................................................................................................................... 103Replace
......................................................................................................................................................... 104Fill
......................................................................................................................................................... 104Sort
......................................................................................................................................................... 105Sort Up & Sort Dow n
......................................................................................................................................................... 105Selection of Contiguous Items
......................................................................................................................................................... 106Select Identical Items
......................................................................................................................................................... 106Insert
......................................................................................................................................................... 106Inserting a Row in a Spreadsheet
......................................................................................................................................................... 107Delete
......................................................................................................................................................... 107Copy
......................................................................................................................................................... 107Copy w ith Titles
......................................................................................................................................................... 107Copy as EMF Format
......................................................................................................................................................... 107Paste
......................................................................................................................................................... 108Paste w ith MSAccess
......................................................................................................................................................... 108Duplicate
......................................................................................................................................................... 108Duplicate Function
......................................................................................................................................................... 109Mask
......................................................................................................................................................... 109Display
......................................................................................................................................................... 110Column Width
......................................................................................................................................................... 111Page Layout
......................................................................................................................................................... 111Print
......................................................................................................................................................... 112Print All Tabs................................................................................................................................... 1121.12 Managing your Project
.......................................................................................................................................................... 112New Project 1.12.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 112Creating a New Project 1.12.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 112Open a Project 1.12.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 113Opening an Existing File 1.12.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 113Save 1.12.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 114Saving a Current Document 1.12.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 114Save As 1.12.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 115Saving a File As or Copying a File 1.12.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 115Compact document 1.12.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 115Close a Project 1.12.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 115Compression of VD files 1.12.11
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 116Archive Common Objects Within your .vd1 File 1.12.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 116Import Common Objects to your Database 1.12.13
.......................................................................................................................................................... 117Recent Opened Files 1.12.14
.......................................................................................................................................................... 117Exit 1.12.15
.......................................................................................................................................................... 118Type of ADA Generated Files 1.12.16
................................................................................................................................... 1191.13 GTC
.......................................................................................................................................................... 119GTC - Graitec Transfer Center 1.13.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 120GTC Toolbar 1.13.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 120Export a GTC File 1.13.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 121Options tab - Export Options for the GTC 1.13.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 122Steel tab - Export Options for the GTC 1.13.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 123Procedure to export a file in a GTC format 1.13.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 123GTC Compatibility w ith Revit 1.13.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 124Import a GTC File 1.13.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 126Missing Objects Spreadsheet 1.13.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 127Synchronize a GTC File 1.13.10
................................................................................................................................... 1281.14 DXF
.......................................................................................................................................................... 128Import DXF 1.14.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 128Export a DXF 1.14.2
................................................................................................................................... 1291.15 Images
.......................................................................................................................................................... 129Export a screen image or a screen selection as a bitmap 1.15.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 131Export an image or a screen selection as a EMF File 1.15.2
................................................................................................................................... 1311.16 Project Configuration
.......................................................................................................................................................... 131Project Configuration 1.16.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 132General tab 1.16.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 133Preferences tab 1.16.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 135Analysis tab 1.16.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 138Foundation tab 1.16.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 140Foundation Factor F 1.16.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 141Seismic tab 1.16.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 142Steel tab 1.16.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 144Composite Beam tab 1.16.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 147ASCE-10-97 tab 1.16.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 149Concrete tab 1.16.11
.......................................................................................................................................................... 151Prestressing tab 1.16.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 153Timber tab 1.16.13
................................................................................................................................... 1551.17 View Functions
.......................................................................................................................................................... 155View Toolbar 1.17.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 156View Menu 1.17.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 157View Options 1.17.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 157Translucent Surfaces 1.17.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 158Camera 1.17.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 159Modifying Camera Angle 1.17.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 159Zoom Window 1.17.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 160Viewing a Part of a Structure in Full-Screen 1.17.8
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 160Global Zoom 1.17.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 161Viewing the Structure in Full-screen 1.17.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 161Zoom + 1.17.11
.......................................................................................................................................................... 161Magnifying the Content of Current Window to 200% 1.17.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 161Zoom - 1.17.13
.......................................................................................................................................................... 162Reducing the Content of Current Window by Half 1.17.14
.......................................................................................................................................................... 162Dynamic Pan 1.17.15
.......................................................................................................................................................... 162Using the Dynamic Pan 1.17.16
.......................................................................................................................................................... 163Animation 1.17.17
.......................................................................................................................................................... 163Mask 1.17.18
.......................................................................................................................................................... 164Unmask 1.17.19
.......................................................................................................................................................... 164Perspective View 1.17.20
.......................................................................................................................................................... 164Ajust Font Size 1.17.21
.......................................................................................................................................................... 164Increase Font size 1.17.22
.......................................................................................................................................................... 165Reduce Font Size 1.17.23
.......................................................................................................................................................... 165Shortcut Keys 1.17.24
.......................................................................................................................................................... 166Controlling the Image on the Screen 1.17.25
.......................................................................................................................................................... 167Diagrams 1.17.26......................................................................................................................................................... 167Diagrams toolbar......................................................................................................................................................... 167Adjust the Amplitude......................................................................................................................................................... 168Increase the Amplitude......................................................................................................................................................... 168Reduce the Amplitude......................................................................................................................................................... 168Numerical Values
.......................................................................................................................................................... 169Finite Elements 1.17.27......................................................................................................................................................... 169Finite Elements Toolbar......................................................................................................................................................... 1692D Slab......................................................................................................................................................... 170Scaling for Intervals......................................................................................................................................................... 171Slab Reinforcement for Mx-......................................................................................................................................................... 172Slab Reinforcement for My-......................................................................................................................................................... 172Slab Reinforcement for My+......................................................................................................................................................... 173Slab Reinforcement for Mx+
................................................................................................................................... 1731.18 View Options Dialog Box
.......................................................................................................................................................... 173Elements Tab 1.18.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 175Attributes Tab 1.18.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 176Graphic tab 1.18.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 178Loads Tab 1.18.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 180Results Tab 1.18.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 183FE Results Tab 1.18.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 184Limits Tab 1.18.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 186Displaying the Material Legend 1.18.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 186Displaying the Result Legend 1.18.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 187Colors Tab 1.18.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 189Defining Graphic Attributes 1.18.11
................................................................................................................................... 1891.19 Printing
.......................................................................................................................................................... 189Print 1.19.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 190Printer Setup 1.19.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 190Setting the Printer 1.19.3
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 190Print Preview 1.19.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 191Print Preview Toolbar 1.19.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 191Previewing the Structure before Printing 1.19.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 192Print a Graph 1.19.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 192Printing a Structure 1.19.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 193Print Spreadsheets 1.19.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 194Printing Spreadsheets in Series 1.19.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 196Print the Project Configuration 1.19.11
.......................................................................................................................................................... 196Printing the Project Configuration 1.19.12
................................................................................................................................... 1961.20 Windows Management
.......................................................................................................................................................... 196Cascade 1.20.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 197Tile Horizontally 1.20.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 197Tile Vertically 1.20.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 197Arrange 1.20.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 197Refresh 1.20.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 197List of Open Windows 1.20.6
Chapter 2 DATABASES 200................................................................................................................................... 2002.1 About Common Objects................................................................................................................................... 2002.2 Advance Design America Databases................................................................................................................................... 2012.3 Public or Private Distribution of Custom Objects................................................................................................................................... 2022.4 Importing Common Objects into your Database................................................................................................................................... 2032.5 Materials
.......................................................................................................................................................... 203Material Properties 2.5.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 203Steel Materials 2.5.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 204Timber Materials 2.5.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 205Timber tab 2.5.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 206Specified Strength tab 2.5.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 208Proprietary Products tab 2.5.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 208Concrete Materials 2.5.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 210Aluminum Materials 2.5.8
................................................................................................................................... 02.6 Section Calculator Module................................................................................................................................... 2102.7 Shapes
.......................................................................................................................................................... 210About Shapes Spreadsheets 2.7.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 211Selection of a Shape 2.7.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 213Section Strong and Weak Axis 2.7.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 214European Shapes 2.7.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 216I Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 218C Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 219HSS Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 222Polygon Shapes 2.7.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 222HSS Design thickness 2.7.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 223L Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 2252L Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.11
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 227T Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 228Z Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.13
.......................................................................................................................................................... 231WRF Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.14
.......................................................................................................................................................... 233V Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.15
.......................................................................................................................................................... 235I-Joists Spreadsheet 2.7.16
.......................................................................................................................................................... 238Open Joists Spreadsheet 2.7.17
.......................................................................................................................................................... 243Solid Rectangular Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.18
.......................................................................................................................................................... 245Solid Round Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.19
.......................................................................................................................................................... 247L (t, w ) Sections Spreadsheet 2.7.20
.......................................................................................................................................................... 248AASHTO Sections spreadsheet 2.7.21
.......................................................................................................................................................... 250NEBT Sections spreadsheet 2.7.22
.......................................................................................................................................................... 252Cold-Formed Sections Spreadsheet 2.7.23
.......................................................................................................................................................... 258Custom-Built Shapes Spreadsheet 2.7.24
.......................................................................................................................................................... 261Calculation of Tau-max - Examples 2.7.25
.......................................................................................................................................................... 263Calculation of Shear Strength 2.7.26
.......................................................................................................................................................... 264Calculation of Crtx and Crty 2.7.27
................................................................................................................................... 2652.8 Reinforcement
.......................................................................................................................................................... 265Reinforcing Bar Steel Grades 2.8.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 266Standard Reinforcing Bars 2.8.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 268FRP Reinforcing Bars 2.8.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 269Meshes 2.8.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 270Rebar Bending Shapes 2.8.5
................................................................................................................................... 2732.9 Cables
.......................................................................................................................................................... 273Cable Steel Grades 2.9.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 275Strands 2.9.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 276Post-tensioning Mechanisms 2.9.3
................................................................................................................................... 2772.10 Studs
.......................................................................................................................................................... 277Studs Spreadsheet 2.10.1
................................................................................................................................... 2782.11 Steel Decks
.......................................................................................................................................................... 278Steel Deck Types 2.11.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 279Steel Decks Spreadsheet 2.11.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 280Steel Deck Fasteners Spreadsheet 2.11.3
................................................................................................................................... 2812.12 Sheathings
.......................................................................................................................................................... 281Sheathings Spreadsheet 2.12.1
................................................................................................................................... 2832.13 Bolts
.......................................................................................................................................................... 283Bolt Steel Grades Spreadsheet 2.13.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 284Bolts Spreadsheet 2.13.2
Chapter 3 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS 286................................................................................................................................... 2863.1 Nodes
.......................................................................................................................................................... 286Node Element 3.1.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 286Master-Slave Nodes 3.1.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 288Inactive Nodes 3.1.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 288Dialog box 3.1.4......................................................................................................................................................... 288Node Characteristics
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......................................................................................................................................................... 290Position of Node during a Design
.......................................................................................................................................................... 291Spreadsheet 3.1.5......................................................................................................................................................... 291Nodes Spreadsheet
................................................................................................................................... 2923.2 Coordinates
.......................................................................................................................................................... 292"Coordinates" Dialog Box and Axis System 3.2.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 293"Delta" Option 3.2.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 293"Attach to Node" Option 3.2.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 294Defining Coordinates 3.2.4
................................................................................................................................... 2943.3 Supports
.......................................................................................................................................................... 294Support Element 3.3.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 295Support in Analysis 3.3.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 295Support DOF 3.3.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 297Support Characteristics Dialog Box 3.3.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 299Orientation of a Support 3.3.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 301Supports Spreadsheet 3.3.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 301Standard Supports spreadsheet 3.3.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 302Elastic Supports 3.3.8......................................................................................................................................................... 302Elastic Support Properties......................................................................................................................................................... 305Tributary Area for Elastic Supports......................................................................................................................................................... 305Elastic Supports Spreadsheet......................................................................................................................................................... 306Pressure and Capacity on Elastic Supports
.......................................................................................................................................................... 307Released Supports 3.3.9......................................................................................................................................................... 307Support Release......................................................................................................................................................... 309Released Supports Spreadsheet
................................................................................................................................... 3113.4 Members
.......................................................................................................................................................... 311Member Element 3.4.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 312Member Incidence 3.4.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 312Convention - Forces in members 3.4.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 313Member Local Axis System 3.4.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 314Beta Angle Convention 3.4.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 317Major/minor and Orthogonal axis system for single angles 3.4.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 320Member End Conditions 3.4.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 321Selection of a Shape 3.4.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 323Definition of Section Types (Member tab) 3.4.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 326Member Usage 3.4.10
.......................................................................................................................................................... 327Released Members 3.4.11
.......................................................................................................................................................... 327Pre-tensioned Members 3.4.12
.......................................................................................................................................................... 328Member Behaviors 3.4.13
.......................................................................................................................................................... 328Member w ith Linear Behavior 3.4.14
.......................................................................................................................................................... 329Rigid Members 3.4.15
.......................................................................................................................................................... 329Effective Stiffness 3.4.16
.......................................................................................................................................................... 330Rigid Extension Generator 3.4.17
.......................................................................................................................................................... 331Dialog Boxes 3.4.18......................................................................................................................................................... 331Member Dialog Box......................................................................................................................................................... 331Member tab......................................................................................................................................................... 334Advanced tab......................................................................................................................................................... 336Connection tab
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......................................................................................................................................................... 340Semi-Rigid Connections
......................................................................................................................................................... 341Composite Beam tab
......................................................................................................................................................... 343Filled HSS tab
......................................................................................................................................................... 344Behavior tab
.......................................................................................................................................................... 346Spreadsheets 3.4.19......................................................................................................................................................... 346Members Spreadsheet......................................................................................................................................................... 346Member tab......................................................................................................................................................... 348Advanced tab......................................................................................................................................................... 349Connection tab - Rigid Extensions......................................................................................................................................................... 351Composite Beam tab......................................................................................................................................................... 352Composite Beams tabs - Short-term and Long-term......................................................................................................................................................... 354Filled HSS tab......................................................................................................................................................... 354Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 355Bill of Materials (Members)
................................................................................................................................... 3553.5 Diaphragms
.......................................................................................................................................................... 355Diaphragm Effects 3.5.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 357Diaphragms - Generation of Virtual Finite Elements 3.5.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 359CANAM Steel Decks 3.5.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 360Deflection En 3.5.4
................................................................................................................................... 3613.6 Floors
.......................................................................................................................................................... 361General 3.6.1......................................................................................................................................................... 361Floor Element......................................................................................................................................................... 362Floor Local Axis System......................................................................................................................................................... 362Reduction of Tributary Area
.......................................................................................................................................................... 364Floor Types 3.6.2......................................................................................................................................................... 364Joist Floor......................................................................................................................................................... 364Tw o-Way Slab......................................................................................................................................................... 365One-Way Slab
.......................................................................................................................................................... 365Load Distribution 3.6.3......................................................................................................................................................... 365Loads Transfer for a Joist Floor......................................................................................................................................................... 365Loads Transfer for a One-Way Slab......................................................................................................................................................... 366Load Distribution Modes......................................................................................................................................................... 366Load Distribution Factors
.......................................................................................................................................................... 369Dialog Box 3.6.4......................................................................................................................................................... 369Floor Characteristics Dialog Box......................................................................................................................................................... 372Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 375Composition tab......................................................................................................................................................... 379Fastener Dialog Box
.......................................................................................................................................................... 380Spreadsheet 3.6.5......................................................................................................................................................... 380Floors Spreadsheet......................................................................................................................................................... 381Floor tab......................................................................................................................................................... 382Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 384Composition tab......................................................................................................................................................... 385I-Joists tab
................................................................................................................................... 3863.7 Slabs/Steel Decks
.......................................................................................................................................................... 386Introduction 3.7.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 387Slabs/Steel Decks Spreadsheet 3.7.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 388Slab/Steel Deck Dialog Box 3.7.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 390Reinforcement tab 3.7.4
................................................................................................................................... 3913.8 Plates
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 391General 3.8.1......................................................................................................................................................... 391Rectangular and Triangular Plates......................................................................................................................................................... 392Plate Local Axis System......................................................................................................................................................... 392Numbering Convention for Plates......................................................................................................................................................... 393Plane Forces Convention for Plates......................................................................................................................................................... 397Principal Stresses Convention for Plates
.......................................................................................................................................................... 397Dialog Boxes 3.8.2......................................................................................................................................................... 397Plate Characteristics Dialog Box......................................................................................................................................................... 399Plate Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 401Rectangular Plate tab......................................................................................................................................................... 403Triangular Plate tab
.......................................................................................................................................................... 404Spreadsheets 3.8.3......................................................................................................................................................... 404Plates Spreadsheet......................................................................................................................................................... 404Plate tab......................................................................................................................................................... 406Rectangular tab......................................................................................................................................................... 407Triangular tab......................................................................................................................................................... 408Bill of Materials (Plates)
................................................................................................................................... 4083.9 Walls
.......................................................................................................................................................... 408Wall Element 3.9.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 409Wall Local Axis System 3.9.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 410Wall Types 3.9.3......................................................................................................................................................... 410One-Way Wall......................................................................................................................................................... 410Tw o-Way Wall......................................................................................................................................................... 411Wall w ith Studs
.......................................................................................................................................................... 411Load Distribution 3.9.4......................................................................................................................................................... 411Load Distribution Modes......................................................................................................................................................... 412Load Distribution Factors
.......................................................................................................................................................... 414Dialog Box 3.9.5......................................................................................................................................................... 414Wall Characteristics Dialog Box......................................................................................................................................................... 417Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 420Composition tab
.......................................................................................................................................................... 423Spreadsheet 3.9.6......................................................................................................................................................... 423Walls Spreadsheet......................................................................................................................................................... 423Wall tab......................................................................................................................................................... 424Behavior tab......................................................................................................................................................... 426Studs tab......................................................................................................................................................... 427Composition tab
Chapter 4 MODELING AND EDITING 430................................................................................................................................... 4304.1 Creating a Structural Model
.......................................................................................................................................................... 430Modeling Strategy 4.1.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 430Step-by-Step Process from input to output 4.1.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 433Code and Alphanumerical Number of Each Element 4.1.3
................................................................................................................................... 4344.2 Activating Modes
.......................................................................................................................................................... 434ActivateToolbar 4.2.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 435Title Selection 4.2.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 435"Structure" Mode 4.2.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 436"Load Case" Mode 4.2.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 437"Load Combination" Mode 4.2.5
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.......................................................................................................................................................... 437"Envelope" Mode 4.2.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 438"Vibration" Mode 4.2.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 439"Design Results" Mode 4.2.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 439"Rebar Placement" Mode 4.2.9
................................................................................................................................... 4404.3 Generators
.......................................................................................................................................................... 440Building Generator 4.3.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 440Geometry tab 4.3.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 442Numbering tab 4.3.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 443X-Axis tab 4.3.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 443Y-Axis tab 4.3.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 444Z-Axis tab 4.3.6
.......................................................................................................................................................... 444Mat/Sec tab 4.3.7
.......................................................................................................................................................... 445Truss Generator 4.3.8
.......................................................................................................................................................... 4472-Way Slab & FE Generator 4.3.9
.......................................................................................................................................................... 450Modeling and Analyzing a 2-way Concrete Slab 4.3.10
................................................................................................................................... 4514.4 Modeling Tools
.......................................................................................................................................................... 451Curved Elements 4.4.1
.......................................................................................................................................................... 452Rigid Extension Generator 4.4.2
.......................................................................................................................................................... 453Auto-Hinge Function 4.4.3
.......................................................................................................................................................... 453Using the Auto-Hinge Function 4.4.4
.......................................................................................................................................................... 454Automatic calculation of Kx, Ky, Kt and Kz 4.4.5
.......................................................................................................................................................... 455Tributary Areas for Elastic Supports 4.4.6
................................................................................................................................... 4564.5 Selection Window
...........................................................................................................................................