Adama day 3_done

CMC and language learning

Sarah GuthFrancesca Helm

Workshop at Adama University, Ethiopia, 1 November 2012

CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and Francesca Helm

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What do we mean by CMC? «communication that takes place between

human beings via the instrumentality of computers» (S. Herring 1996: 1)

«all those activities in which the computer is used for distance communication: access to and transfer of information, thematic conferencing via e-mail, audio- and video communication, etc. » (Trentin & Benigno 1997)

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“instantaneous electronic communication isn’t just a way in which news and information is conveyed more quickly. Its existence alters the very texture of our lives”

Giddens 1999 CMC will probably soon be more

frequent than F2F communication for many people

David Crystal 2001

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“A pedagogy of networked computers must therefore take a broad view, not only examining the role of information technology in language learning, but also the role of language learning in the information technology society. If our goal is to help students enter into new authentic discourse communities, and if those discourse communities are increasingly located online, then it seems appropriate to incorporate online activities for their social utility as well as for their perceived particular pedagogical value.”

Warschauer 2000 http://www.gse.uci.edu/markw/nblt-intro.html

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CMC for Language Production Written production

Synchronous: text chat Asynchronous: email, blogs, wikis, forums

Spoken production Synchronous: Voip (Skype), video conferencing Asynchronous: Audio-blogging, podcasting

Multiple modes – written, spoken, visual One to one, one to many, many to many Different degrees of anonymity Local or global networks

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Language Production for CMC New ‘genres’ important in their own

right No longer make comparison to

traditional written or spoken language Multimodal language production Multiple meaning making resources Different rules for different

contexts/communities

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Interaction and reflection CMC has the unique characteristic of

merging both «the interactional and reflective aspects of language» (1997, p. 472) in a single medium since online users can now socialize, interact, exchange ideas as well as share, store, revise and edit content by means of written or spoken CMC.

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Some examples of CMC tasks

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As we look at the following tasks, we will discuss pre- and post-task activities, remembering what we have been discussing these last two days.

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Collaborative writing Project Description

Your final project for this short, but intense, exchange will be to create a collage of images, pictures, idioms, cartoons, etc. that represent to the members of each group what it means to be a global citizen who has intercultural communicative competence, i.e. can effectively communicate with foreigners in a foreign language.

Pre-Session Tasks Although we have the saying “A picture is worth a thousand

words”, sometimes the picture is not necessarily easily understood by all, so we’d also like to ask you to create a sort of ‘transcript’ of your collage indicating the motivation behind choosing particular images.

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Synchronous text chat

Story writing Students are given the beginning of a story and they

take it in turns to develop the story (Handa’s surprise)

Handa put 7 delicious fruits in a basket for her best friend Akeyo …

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Discussion forum Topics are chosen for students to have a

debate on (these could be chosen through a survey)

Forum is set up with prompts from Internet sources.

Students write their opinions on the topic, commenting on each others’ opinions

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Survey

Students design and carry out a survey using a tool such as Google Forms or Survey Monkey, e.g. Word Association Situation Reactions Sentence Completions

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Blog writing

As individuals, or in groups, students create and maintain a blog on a topic of their interest

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to read, listen and write in English on a topic of interest to you and also related to your studies.

to develop online literacies, such as evaluating websites, selecting sources, re-presenting and paraphrasing information, writing for an audience, developing critical thinking skills

For this project you will have to create a blog in groups of max. 4 people. Choose a topic that you are interested in, and also relates somehow to your

studies. It could be a particular area or country, it could be an area of European policy, it could be a cause you feel strongly about and want to write about and even campaign for, such as public goods (like water...), racism, poverty, media, it could be an aspect of life in Italy or Europe, or how Italy or another country is viewed by the international press (here's an Italian version).

Each group member should post at least one entry a week. Your posts can be a personal commentary or reflection on the topic, a summary of information from other sources (with links to these), applications of what we do in class to the topic you are writing about.

Your posts can contain links to other websites, embedded videos and photos. Make sure you do not use images with copyright. If you want to include a picture

on your blog, this is a good site http://compfight.com/ but remember to select Creative Commons Licence.

Here's some advice on writing blog posts: http://technorati.com/social-media/article/10-steps-for-writing-a-new/ Every week one group member will give a 2-3 minute presentation to the class on

the group's blog Every week each group member should post at least one comment on another

group's blog. Your blogs should be up and running by next week: 29th October. ONE member of each group should send a comment to this post with a short

description of the blog, the URL of the blog and names of group members.

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http://greenblogpid2012.blogspot.it/


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Recording conversations

Students record a conversation together in the lab using Skype and a Skype recorder. Based on a prompt such as: «The

government has suggested raising the drinking age in Italy to 18. Discuss your thoughts on this, why it is being done, if it will work or won’t work, alternatives, etc.»

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Pronunciation

Students record a list of words that have similar sounds.

plane could fought His/he’s

TrainFameSpaincame

WouldShouldWoodGoodBookcook

TaughtBoughtCaughtThoughtOught

ShipSheepHitHeatMitMeat

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Online Intercultural Exchange

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What is Online Intercultural Exchange?


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In language learning contexts, OIE/telecollaboration is: internet-based intercultural exchange between two or more groups of language learners

from different cultural/national backgrounds set up in an institutional context with the aim of developing both language skills

and intercultural communicative competence (as defined by Byram 1997) through structured tasks (Belz 2003; Belz & Thorne 2006; O‘Dowd 2006, 2007).

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Different models of OIE

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Bilateral, bicultural, bilingual exchanges eTandem Learning eTwinning CULTURA (developed by MIT)Lingua franca, global, topical exchanges Guatemala Padova iEARN Soliya Connect ProgramOIE «in the wild» International discussion fora (Hanna and de Nooy 2003) Gaming, fanfiction, (Thorne 2010)


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http://www.slf.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/etandem/etindex-en.html


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Soliya Connect Program

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What is it? A telecollaboration project which involves students in the West and in the Arab and Muslim World.

What are the aims? “To provide a new intercultural generation of young adults with the skills, knowledge and relationships they need to develop a nuanced understanding of the issues that divide them.”

Who takes part? Designed for students in media studies, international relations and conflict resolution. English as a foreign language students in France and in Italy have also participated in the program as part of their language courses.

Tasks: Weekly synchronous discussions between students in Soliya’s

multimodal environment Individual blog writing and commenting on peers’ blogs Assignment 1: individual video editing project Assignment 2: final reflective paper


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What is the impact of projects like Soliya?Students say:“Soliya allowed me to open the box that I was living in for a long time and see the world around me. It taught me never to judge people according to where they live…It made me discover my personality all over again.”

-female student, University of Jordan, Jordan

“Exchanging different views with people coming from so different backgrounds was tantalizing me. Besides, I was conscious I had always to learn more and more in an endless process. We are never enough open minded we think we are. We should always improve ourselves by facing new challenges and by accepting that our way of thinking is not absolute. Our thoughts have to grow up with us always by putting them under question. A good way to do it is searching conversations and, of course, even some contrasts which bring us to reflection. What a better occasion than Soliya?

- Female student, University of Padova, Italy

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Professors say …“The Soliya program was phenomenal in terms of its impact on the students' capacity to engage, learn, and quite frankly, be transformed [...] Across the board, all of the students displayed a heightened consciousness of the diversity and multiplicity of perspectives. […] the aim is to open up minds and spur young people to taking their responsibilities as global citizens more seriously”

-Dr. Junaid S. Ahmad, Lahore University of Management Sciences,

Pakistan

“It is fine to talk about theories about ‘engaging the other’ or ‘increasing understanding across cultures’, but Soliya puts the students on the front lines on intercultural relations. They will learn more about themselves and their place in the world in the Soliya sessions than in a semester in International Relations classes.”

-Ambassador Cynthia Schneider, Georgetown University, USA

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Benefits of telecollaboration

For Students: Development of FL competence, intercultural awareness, electronic literacies

For University Management: ‘Low cost’ internationalisation strategy / Opening up new

university partnerships

For Mobility Officers: Preparation for physical mobility/ Alternative to physical mobility

For University Educators: Opening up of classroom / Authentic communication and

project work / Developing international network of collaborators

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INTENT• Integrating Telecollaborative Networks into Foreign

Language Higher Education

• Financed By The European Commission - Lifelong Learning Programme

• Co-ordinated by Robert O’Dowd at the Universidad de Leon, Spain

• 8 European partners (PH Heidelberg, Grenoble III, Padova, Czestochowa, Groningen, UA Barcelona, Open University UK)

• October 2011-March 2014

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Carry out a study of

Telecollaboration in European HEI’s

Develop tools & platform to

support Telecollaboration in European HEIs

Identify and develop

strategies for Integration of TC

Provide training through

workshops & online resources

The INTENT Project

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Where are partner classes located?

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Afternoon – Day 3Word Associations and Google FormsCreating tasks with Hot Potatoes

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Word association task- compare the responses

- are they similar or not? - What words appear more frequently in

one list rather than another?- What words appear only in one list?- Do these words generate positive,

negative or neutral associations?

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ITALY GERMANY

JORDAN USA ETHIOPIA

war, nation, deathsafety, Afghanistan, deathviolenzaduty, courage, wartoday wars are uselessWarmilitary, organization, warsoldier,warErroruniform, generalDanger, exploitationnecessary

war, JewsJewsConflictweaponsJesus"God's chosen people", dead seabibleJews, Muslims, ChristiansJerusalemtroubledifficult subject for Germans

killingpowerthe power of statejust a nameLiberationPowersecurity, borderJapanisraeli Army killing people in GazaWar, power,security

StrongBraveforceful, bravemoneywar, killing, bombs, death, Overextended

peacesoldier, uniform, gunAmerica, Afganistan, Ethipia, lugguagerifle, troops, forcesoldier,amunition,regementsoldier, military, fight, war, occupy, defeat, death, fire, wound,. bulletterritory, security, unitywar, weapons, camps, group of people, rationsolgers, war, disaster, etcsoldier,wargun, killing, wounded, redcross, migf5,leutenant, soldier, military, death,Generalsoldier, war, explosiveswar, soldierwar, weaponsethiopia in somalia, america, dollar , male,private, sergent batalion space warfare nuketechnique,unity,objectivewar,airforces,Battelle

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ITALY GERMANY

JORDAN USA ETHIOPIA

loneliness, ingiustiziaNorth, Southracism,violenceignorance prejudiceRacism-Sexualapartheidracism immigrantsage, nationalitygenderimmigrants, womensocial and economic oneStadiumWomen Blacks Weak

blacks, attack, segregationhabits, tradition, rightsprejudicehappens to oftenmobbing, prejudicesbeing gay/ womenNazi regime, Martin Luther Kingstupid, understanding

Bushawfulvery bad thingDestructionUSA, Israelblack, Muslimsblack and whiteUnited Nationsthe worst thing----bad people -----vanity-

blacks and whitesActs of hatredbad, unnecessaryimmigration, Colombiapolice, anti-semitism, genocideunjust

outcastingblack,white,poorHIV, BLACK AND WHITE, MALE AND FEMALEaparthied, racism, segregationracism,color,religiousrace, color, oppress, stigmatise, bias, inequality, differenciationconflict, injustice, immoralitybias, stereotyping, women, HIV-AIDDboys and girls, poor and rich, poverty, etcgender,streettribe, economic status, color, family background, religionfemale, partiality, corruption, test, segregationrace, ethnicity, superioritycolour, sex. orientationgender, race, ethnicitycolor, religion, hespanic,john terry racial abusesex,genosite,raceunequality,Resizes, violation

discrimination

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ITALY GERMANY JORDAN USA ETHIOPIAsolitudeidentity,own ideascommunityloneliness no joySolitude-Mindegoismoselfishness lonelinesswhat I want to beideologia libertàIndependent, social positionautonomy,independenceEvilour societymakes problemsfreedom, choosemodern societyWest Widespread Downfall

extraordinary, strangemoral, society, freedomfakepersonal characteristicscharacterfreedomimportantuniquenessbeing myself, being friends with myselfidentity, variety, important not to loseself-confidence, doing whatever you wantimportantfreedom, choice, othernessambition, originality

goodnot badit causes bad imprestionevery one do what he or she wantself-relianceBadfreedom, selfishness myselfno cooperationisolation, grief

being originalvery goodUniquenesscreativesearching, finding, believingme, personalityAutonomy

selfishnessAmerica, Europeselfish, american, no culture, hard workegocentrism, greed, hoardegoism,selfishlness,personalityselfishness, rudeness, unfriendly, competitionmodernization, educatioloss of culture, greediness, selfishness, greedself-centerdness, unsociable, etcselfishness,greedyselfishness, capitalism, rich, greedy, pride,selfishness, capital, USA, greedystyle, characteristics, standown opinion, style of lifeAmerica, democracy,europiangreed misercloure,skill,objectivepartial important

individualism01/11/2012

Documents

Adama day 3_done