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ABSTRACT

The main aim of this project is to provide advertisement details like

advertisement cost in various channels. Depending upon the budget the various

channels can allot different advertisements. Here the total front end is developed using

Asp.Net and backend is developed using SQ server.

!f an agenc" does not communicate or rela" its client#s goals and

creative $ishes properl" problems can occur. %ost &ull'Service Agencies $ork on a

combination of fee'based and commission based compensation. The fee is paid b" theentit" for $hich the marketing is being done. Ho$ ever an agenc" ma" have better

negotiating po$ers than "our compan" and save "ou more mone" in the long run

an"$a"s. There are far more advantages to having the right advertising agenc" than not

An advertising agency or ad agency is a (service business) dedicated to

creating* planning and handling Advertising +and sometimes other forms of promotion

for its clients. An ad agenc" is independent from the client and provides an outside

point of vie$ to the effort of selling the client,s products or services. An agenc" can

also handle overall marketing and branding strategies and Sales -romotion for its

clients.

Modules:

This project involved mainl" &our modules.

Registration

Administrator

Budget

Budget List


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Modules Description:

Registration:

!n this module he/she has to register himself/herself $ith the personal

details and get the ogin id. After getting the login id he/she has to specif" Ad.

0euirements of the kind of Ad he/she has to advertise on behalf of his/her compan"

Administrator:

Administrator should be able to block fraudulent users from using the s"stem.

Admin should be able to add more categories and merge categories.

Normal User:

!n this %odule users can enter into different channels of packages

like short time period or long time. The" can enter into ne$ schemes provided b" ad

agenc". Also the" can upload the videos of their compan" for advertising.

Budget:

Ne$ user#s budget is registered here. The" can 2udget on the advertising ad

$ith the ad agenc" in this module.

Budgets List:

According to budget the advertisements are allotted for specific period.

Here time period the agenc" $ill follo$ up their product is specified.

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INDE

S! No Contents

"! Introduction

#! Analysis

2.1 System Analysis

2.2 System Specifcation

$! Design Approac%

3.1 Introduction to Design

3.2 UML Diagrams

3.3 Dataow Diagrams

3. !"# Diagrams

&! 'ro(ect Modules

)! Implementation

$.1 %oncepts and &ec'nologies

$.2 &esting

$.2.1&est %ases

*! +utput Screens

,! Conclusion

-! .uture En%ancements

/! Bi0liograp%y

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Introduc

tion


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INTR+DUCTI+N

6e don#t sell a 7bo8ed# product. 9ach s"stem $e create for our clients is driven b" their

e8act speci:cations and internal processes. Too often* agencies change their creative

;o$ and processes to :t technolog". 6e believe it should be the other $a" around.






clients.

!n order to avoid the above problem this project is to provide

advertisement details like advertisement cost in various channels. Depending upon the

budget the various channels can allot different advertisements. Here the total front end

is developed using Asp.Net and backend is developed using Sl server.


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Analysis


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ANAL1SIS

System Analysis:

E2isting System:

!f an agenc" does not communicate or rela" its client#s goals and creative

$ishes properl" problems can occur. %ost &ull'Service Agencies $ork on a

combination of fee'based and commission based compensation. The fee is paid b" the

entit" for $hich the marketing is being done. Ho$ ever an agenc" ma" have better

negotiating po$ers than "our compan" and save "ou more mone" in the long run

an"$a"s. There are far more advantages to having the right advertising agenc" than

not.

'roposed System

!n order to avoid the above problem this project is to provide

advertisement details like advertisement cost in various channels. Depending upon the

budget the various channels can allot different advertisements. Here the total front end

is developed using Asp.Net and backend is developed using SQ server.

+0(ecti3e o4 t%e System:






clients.

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System Speci5cations:

6ard7are Re8uirements

• -entium'!? +-rocessor@.

• 5< %2 or 51 %2 0am

• 51 2 Bache %emor"

• Hard disk 1C 2

• %icrosoft Bompatible 1C1 or more e" 2oard

So4t7are Re8uirements

• Web Technologies : ASP.NET 2.0

• Language : C

• !atabase : S"L SE#$E# 200%

• Web Server : &&S

• '(erating Syste) : W&N!'WS *P

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Design


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DESI9N

Introduction:

Design is the first step in the development phase for an"

techniues and principles for the purpose of defining a device* a process or s"stem in

sufficient detail to permit its ph"sical realiFation.

Gnce the soft$are reuirements have been anal"Fed and

specified the soft$are design involves three technical activities ' design* coding*

implementation and testing that are reuired to build and verif" the soft$are.

The design activities are of main importance in this phase*

because in this activit"* decisions ultimatel" affecting the success of the soft$areimplementation and its ease of maintenance are made. These decisions have the final

bearing upon reliabilit" and maintainabilit" of the s"stem. Design is the onl" $a" to

accuratel" translate the customer#s reuirements into finished soft$are or a s"stem.

Design is the place $here ualit" is fostered in

development. Soft$are design is a process through $hich reuirements are translated

into a representation of soft$are. Soft$are design is conducted in t$o steps.

-reliminar" design is concerned $ith the transformation of reuirements into data.

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UML Diagrams:

Actor: A coherent set of roles that users of use cases pla" $hen interacting $ith the use cases.

Use case:

A description of seuence of actions* including variants* that a

s"stem performs that "ields an observable result of value of an actor.

I% stands for Inified %odeling anguage. I% is a language for specif"ing*

visualiFing and documenting the s"stem. This is the step $hile developing an" product

after anal"sis. The goal from this is to produce a model of the entities involved in the

project $hich later need to be built. The representation of the entities that are to be used

in the product being developed need to be designed.

There are various kinds of methods in soft$are designJ

The" are as follo$sJ

Ise case Diagram

Seuence Diagram

Bollaboration Diagram

Activit" Diagram

State chat Diagram

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Use case Diagrams:

Ise case diagrams model behavior $ithin a s"stem and helps the developers

understand of $hat the user reuire. The stick man represents $hat#s called an actor.

Ise case diagram can be useful for getting an overall vie$ of the s"stem and

clarif"ing that can do and more importantl" $hat the" can#t do.

Ise case diagram consists of use cases and actors and sho$s the interaction bet$een

the use case and actors.

The purpose is to sho$ the interactions bet$een the use case and actor.

To represent the s"stem reuirements from user#s perspective.

An actor could be the end'user of the s"stem or an e8ternal s"stem.

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Use case Diagram

A Ise case is a description of set of seuence of actions. raphicall" it is rendered as

an ellipse $ith solid line including onl" its name. Ise case diagram is a behavioral

diagram that sho$s a set of use cases and actors and their relationship. !t is an

association bet$een the use cases and actors. An actor represents a real'$orld object.

-rimar" Actor K Sender* Secondar" Actor 0eceiver.

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%aintenan channelsand budget

ogin

Ad Ne$ !nformation

Select Bhanneelsand 2udget

Admin

Iser

Se8uence Diagram

Seuence diagram and collaboration diagram are called !NT90ABT!GN D!A0A%S.

An interaction diagram sho$s an interaction* consisting of set of objects and their

relationship including the messages that ma" be dispatched among them.

A seuence diagram is an introduction that empathiFes the time ordering of messages.

raphicall" a seuence diagram is a table that sho$s objects arranged along the L'a8is

and messages ordered in increasing time along the M'a8is.

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Admin Iser ogin !nformation Bhannels 2udget -ermission

Bhecking

?ie$

!nformation

Add

!nformation

Select 2udget

Bhecking Select Bhannel

Add Bhannel

Add 2udget

-ermission

Add Bhannel

Acti(ity Diagram

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0egister

!nformations

Iser Admin

Bhannels 2udgets

ogout

DATA .L+ DIA9RAMS :

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The D&D takes an input'process'output vie$ of a s"stem i.e. data objects flo$ into the

soft$are* are transformed b" processing elements* and resultant data objects flo$ out of

the soft$are.

Data objects represented b" labeled arro$s and transformation are represented

b" circles also called as bubbles. D&D is presented in a hierarchical fashion i.e. the first

data flo$ model represents the s"stem as a $hole. Subseuent D&D refine the conte8t

diagram +level C D&D@* providing increasing details $ith each subseuent level.

The D&D enables the soft$are engineer to develop models of the information

domain functional domain at the same time. As the D&D is refined into greater levels

of details* the anal"st performs an implicit functional decomposition of the s"stem. At

the same time* the D&D refinement results in a corresponding refinement of the data as

it moves through the processes that embod" the applications.

A conte8t'level D&D for the s"stem the primar" e8ternal entities produce

information for use b" the s"stem and consume information generated b" the s"stem.

The labeled arro$ represents data objects or object hierarch".

RULES .+R D.D:

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• &i8 the scope of the s"stem b" means of conte8t diagrams.

• GrganiFe the D&D so that the main seuence of the actions

• 0eads left to right and top to bottom.

• !dentif" all inputs and outputs.

• !dentif" and label each process internal to the s"stem $ith 0ounded circles.

• A process is reuired for all the data transformation and Transfers. Therefore* never

connect a data store to a data Source or the destinations or another data store $ith just a

Data flo$ arro$.

•

Do not indicate hard$are and ignore control information.

• %ake sure the names of the processes accuratel" conve" ever"thing the process is done.

• There must not be unnamed process.

• !ndicate e8ternal sources and destinations of the data* $ith Suares.

• Number each occurrence of repeated e8ternal entities.

• !dentif" all data flo$s for each process step* e8cept simple 0ecord retrievals.

• abel data flo$ on each arro$.

• Ise details flo$ on each arro$.

• Ise the details flo$ arro$ to indicate data movements.

E;R Diagrams:

1E


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The 9ntit"'0elationship +90@ model $as originall" proposed b" -eter in 1E=<

OBhen=


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The basic t"pes of connectivit" for relations areJ one'to'one* one'to'man"* and man"'

to'man". A one-to-one +1J1@ relationship is $hen at most one instance of a entit" A is

associated $ith one instance of entit" 2. &or e8ample* emplo"ees in the compan" are

each assigned their o$n office. &or each emplo"ee there e8ists a uniue office and for

each office there e8ists a uniue emplo"ee.

A one-to-many +1JN@ relationships is $hen for one instance of entit" A* there are Fero*

one* or man" instances of entit" 2* but for one instance of entit" 2* there is onl" one

instance of entit" A. An e8ample of a 1JN relationships is

a department has man" emplo"ees

9ach emplo"ee is assigned to one department

A many-to-many +%JN@ relationship* sometimes called non'specific* is $hen for one

instance of entit" A* there are Fero* one* or man" instances of entit" 2 and for one

instance of entit" 2 there are Fero* one* or man" instances of entit" A. The connectivit"

of a relationship describes the mapping of associated

ER Notation

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There is no standard for representing data objects in 90 diagrams. 9ach

modeling methodolog" uses its o$n notation. The original notation used b" Bhen is

$idel" used in academics te8ts and journals but rarel" seen in either BAS9 tools or

publications b" non'academics. Toda"* there are a number of notations usedR among the

more common are 2achman* cro$,s foot* and !D9&!L.

All notational st"les represent entities as rectangular bo8es and relationships as

lines connecting bo8es. 9ach st"le uses a special set of s"mbols to represent the

cardinalit" of a connection. The notation used in this document is from %artin. The

s"mbols used for the basic 90 constructs areJ

• Entities are represented b" labeled rectangles. The label is the name of the entit". 9ntit"

names should be singular nouns.

• #elationshi(s are represented b" a solid line connecting t$o entities. The name of the

relationship is $ritten above the line. 0elationship names should be verbs

• Attributes* $hen included* are listed inside the entit" rectangle. Attributes $hich are

identifiers are underlined. Attribute names should be singular nouns.

• Cardinality of man" is represented b" a line ending in a cro$,s foot. !f the cro$,s foot is

omitted* the cardinalit" is one.

• E+istence is represented b" placing a circle or a perpendicular bar on the line. %andator"

e8istence is sho$n b" the bar +looks like a 1@ ne8t to the entit" for an instance is reuired.

Gptional e8istence is sho$n b" placing a circle ne8t to the entit" that is optional


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• Administrator• Registration• Budget• Budget List

M+DULE DESCRI'TI+N

Name o4 t%e module = ": Ad)inistrator

Description:

Administrator should be able to block fraudulent users from using the s"stem.

Admin should be able to add more channels and timing#s.

Su0 modules:

Login page

%'ange password

Isers Ads

Bhannel Timings

Iser Details

?ie$ ?ideos

Registration 'age:

!n this sub module $e add the details of the user like user name* contact no*

email id* pass$ord and report b" taking the primar" constraint user id. And it also addsthese details in database.

Login 'age:

!n this sub module the user gives his login and pass$ord to enter. !f he is valid

he enters into resume $iFard. !f he is not valid he it $ants valid.

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http://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/adlistnusers.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/channlestimings.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/User%20Details.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/viewvideo.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/adlistnusers.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/channlestimings.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/User%20Details.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/viewvideo.aspx


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.orgot 'ass7ord:

!f the user forgot his pass$ord* he enter into forget pass$ord page there b"

giving details he get his pass$ord.

C%ange 'ass7ord:

!f the user $ants to change his pass$ord he can change his pass$ord b"

giving some details

Users > Ads

Admin has the rights to see users and their ad#s and has a right to accept or

reject it.

C%annel Timings

He see the timing that user had reuested to sho$ his ad according to the

channel.

User Details

He can check the user details if he $ant.

?ie7 ?ideos

He can do$nload and vie$ the video#s that user added to sho$ in channel

Name o4 t%e module ;#: User

Description:

6hen the user login t"pe#s of ads appear he can choose this t"pe. Then he gets

ne$ ad information form. He fills that form and chooses the budget and timing#s

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http://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/adlistnusers.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/channlestimings.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/User%20Details.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/viewvideo.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/adlistnusers.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/channlestimings.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/User%20Details.aspxhttp://localhost:1452/Ad%20Agency/viewvideo.aspx


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Su0 modules:

Slides

Animation

)ideo*s

Name o4 t%e module ;$: ,-!ET

Description:

Ne$ user#s budget is registered here. The" can 2udget on the advertising ad

$ith the ad agenc" in this module.

Name o4 t%e module ;&: ,udget List

Description:

According to budget the advertisements are allotted for specific period.Here

time period the agenc" $ill follo$ up their product is specified


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Implementation


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Concepts and

Tec%ni8ues


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Overview of Technologies Used

$!" .ront End Tec%nology

Microso4t !NET .rame7or@

The .N9T &rame$ork is a ne$ computing platform that simplifies application

development in the highl" distributed environment of the !nternet. The .N9T

&rame$ork is designed to fulfill the follo$ing objectivesJ

• To provide a consistent object'oriented programming environment $hether object

code is stored and e8ecuted locall"* e8ecuted locall" but !nternet'distributed* or

e8ecuted remotel".

• To provide a code'e8ecution environment that minimiFes soft$are deplo"ment and

versioning conflicts.

• To provide a code'e8ecution environment that guarantees safe e8ecution of code*

including code created b" an unkno$n or semi'trusted third part".

• To provide a code'e8ecution environment that eliminates the performance problems

of scripted or interpreted environments.

• To make the developer e8perience consistent across $idel" var"ing t"pes of

applications* such as 6indo$s'based applications and 6eb'based applications.

• To build all communication on industr" standards to ensure that code based on the

.N9T &rame$ork can integrate $ith an" other code.

The .N9T &rame$ork has t$o main componentsJ the common language runtime and

the .N9T &rame$ork class librar". The common language runtime is the foundation of

the .N9T &rame$ork. Mou can think of the runtime as an agent that manages code at

e8ecution time* providing core services such as memor" management* thread

management* and remoting* $hile also enforcing strict t"pe safet" and other forms of

code accurac" that ensure securit" and robustness. !n fact* the concept of code

management is a fundamental principle of the runtime. Bode that targets the runtime is

kno$n as managed code* $hile code that does not target the runtime is kno$n as

unmanaged code.

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The class librar"* the other main component of the .N9T &rame$ork* is a

comprehensive* object'oriented collection of reusable t"pes that "ou can use to develop

applications ranging from traditional command'line or graphical user interface +I!@

applications to applications based on the latest innovations provided b" AS-.N9T* such

as 6eb &orms and L% 6eb services.

The .N9T &rame$ork can be hosted b" unmanaged components that load the common

language runtime into their processes and initiate the e8ecution of managed code*

thereb" creating a soft$are environment that can e8ploit both managed and unmanaged

features. The .N9T &rame$ork not onl" provides several runtime hosts* but also

supports the development of third'part" runtime hosts.

&or e8ample* AS-.N9T hosts the runtime to provide a scalable* server'side environment

for managed code. AS-.N9T $orks directl" $ith the runtime to enable 6eb &orms

applications and L% 6eb services* both of $hich are discussed later in this topic.

!nternet 98plorer is an e8ample of an unmanaged application that hosts the runtime +in

the form of a %!%9 t"pe e8tension@. Ising !nternet 98plorer to host the runtime

enables "ou to embed managed components or 6indo$s &orms controls in HT%

documents. Hosting the runtime in this $a" makes managed mobile code +similar to

%icrosoft ActiveL controls@ possible* but $ith significant improvements that onl"

managed code can offer* such as semi'trusted e8ecution and secure isolated file storage.

The follo$ing illustration sho$s the relationship of the common language runtime and

the class librar" to "our applications and to the overall s"stem. The illustration also

sho$s ho$ managed code operates $ithin a larger architecture.

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.eatures o4 t%e Common Language Runtime

The common language runtime manages memor"* thread e8ecution* code e8ecution*

code safet" verification* compilation* and other s"stem services. These features are

intrinsic to the managed code that runs on the common language runtime.

6ith regards to securit"* managed components are a$arded var"ing degrees of trust*

depending on a number of factors that include their origin +such as the !nternet*

enterprise net$ork* or local computer@. This means that a managed component might or

might not be able to perform file'access operations* registr"'access operations* or other

sensitive functions* even if it is being used in the same active application.

The runtime enforces code access securit". &or e8ample* users can trust that an

e8ecutable embedded in a 6eb page can pla" an animation on screen or sing a song*

but cannot access their personal data* file s"stem* or net$ork. The securit" features of

the runtime thus enable legitimate !nternet'deplo"ed soft$are to be e8ceptionall"

featuring rich.

The runtime also enforces code robustness b" implementing a strict t"pe' and code'

verification infrastructure called the common t"pe s"stem +BTS@. The BTS ensures thatall managed code is self'describing. The various %icrosoft and third'part" language

compilers generate managed code that conforms to the BTS. This means that managed

code can consume other managed t"pes and instances* $hile strictl" enforcing t"pe

fidelit" and t"pe safet".

!n addition* the managed environment of the runtime eliminates man" common

soft$are issues. &or e8ample* the runtime automaticall" handles object la"out andmanages references to objects* releasing them $hen the" are no longer being used. This

automatic memor" management resolves the t$o most common application errors*

memor" leaks and invalid memor" references.

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The runtime also accelerates developer productivit". &or e8ample* programmers can

$rite applications in their development language of choice* "et take full advantage of

the runtime* the class librar"* and components $ritten in other languages b" other

developers. An" compiler vendor $ho chooses to target the runtime can do so.

anguage compilers that target the .N9T &rame$ork make the features of the .N9T

&rame$ork available to e8isting code $ritten in that language* greatl" easing the

migration process for e8isting applications.

6hile the runtime is designed for the soft$are of the future* it also supports soft$are of

toda" and "esterda". !nteroperabilit" bet$een managed and unmanaged code enables

developers to continue to use necessar" BG% components and Ds.

The runtime is designed to enhance performance. Although the common language

runtime provides man" standard runtime services* managed code is never interpreted. A

feature called just'in'time +!T@ compiling enables all managed code to run in the native

machine language of the s"stem on $hich it is e8ecuting. %ean$hile* the memor"

manager removes the possibilities of fragmented memor" and increases memor"

localit"'of'reference to further increase performance.

&inall"* the runtime can be hosted b" high'performance* server'side applications* such

as %icrosoft SQ ServerU and !nternet !nformation Services +!!S@. This

infrastructure enables "ou to use managed code to $rite "our business logic* $hile still

enjo"ing the superior performance of the industr",s best enterprise servers that support

runtime hosting.

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!NET .rame7or@ Class Li0rary

The .N9T &rame$ork class librar" is a collection of reusable t"pes that tightl" integrate

$ith the common language runtime. The class librar" is object oriented* providing

t"pes from $hich "our o$n managed code can derive functionalit". This not onl"

makes the .N9T &rame$ork t"pes eas" to use* but also reduces the time associated $ith

learning ne$ features of the .N9T &rame$ork. !n addition* third'part" components can

integrate seamlessl" $ith classes in the .N9T &rame$ork.

&or e8ample* the .N9T &rame$ork collection classes implement a set of interfaces that

"ou can use to develop "our o$n collection classes. Mour collection classes $ill blend

seamlessl" $ith the classes in the .N9T &rame$ork.

As "ou $ould e8pect from an object'oriented class librar"* the .N9T &rame$ork t"pes

enable "ou to accomplish a range of common programming tasks* including tasks such

as string management* data collection* database connectivit"* and file access. !n

addition to these common tasks* the class librar" includes t"pes that support a variet" of

specialiFed development scenarios. &or e8ample* "ou can use the .N9T &rame$ork to

develop the follo$ing t"pes of applications and servicesJ

• Bonsole applications.

• Scripted or hosted applications.

• 6indo$s I! applications +6indo$s &orms@.

• AS-.N9T applications.

• L% 6eb services.

• 6indo$s services.

&or e8ample* the 6indo$s &orms classes are a comprehensive set of reusable t"pes that

vastl" simplif" 6indo$s I! development. !f "ou $rite an AS-.N9T 6eb &orm

application* "ou can use the 6eb &orms classes.

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Client Application De3elopmentBlient applications are the closest to a traditional st"le of application in 6indo$s'based

programming. These are the t"pes of applications that displa" $indo$s or forms on the

desktop* enabling a user to perform a task. Blient applications include applications such

as

6ord processors and spreadsheets* as $ell as custom business applications such as

data'entr" tools* reporting tools* and so on. Blient applications usuall" emplo"

$indo$s* menus* buttons* and other I! elements* and the" likel" access local

resources such as the file s"stem and peripherals such as printers.

Another kind of client application is the traditional ActiveL control +no$ replaced b"

the managed 6indo$s &orms control@ deplo"ed over the !nternet as a 6eb page. This

application is much like other client applicationsJ it is e8ecuted nativel"* has access to

local resources* and includes graphical elements.

!n the past* developers created such applications using B/BVV in conjunction $ith the

%icrosoft &oundation Blasses +%&B@ or $ith a rapid application development +0AD@

environment such as %icrosoft ?isual 2asic. The .N9T &rame$ork incorporates

aspects of these e8isting products into a single* consistent development environment

that drasticall" simplifies the development of client applications. The 6indo$s &orms

classes contained in the .N9T &rame$ork are designed to be used for I!

development. Mou can easil" create command $indo$s* buttons* menus* toolbars* and

other screen elements $ith the fle8ibilit" necessar" to accommodate shifting business

needs.

&or e8ample* the .N9T &rame$ork provides simple properties to adjust visual attributes

associated $ith forms. !n some cases the underl"ing operating s"stem does not support

changing these attributes directl"* and in these cases the .N9T &rame$ork

automaticall" recreates the forms.

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This is one of man" $a"s in $hich the .N9T &rame$ork integrates the developer

interface* making coding simpler and more consistent.

Inlike ActiveL controls* 6indo$s &orms controls have semi'trusted access to a user,s

computer. This means that binar" or nativel" e8ecuting code can access some of the

resources on the user,s s"stem +such as I! elements and limited file access@ $ithout

being able to access or compromise other resources. 2ecause of code access securit"*

man" applications that once needed to be installed on a user,s s"stem can no$ be safel"

deplo"ed through the 6eb. Mour applications can implement the features of a local

application $hile being deplo"ed like a 6eb page.

Ser3er Application De3elopment

Server'side applications in the managed $orld are implemented through runtime hosts.

Inmanaged applications host the common language runtime* $hich allo$s "our

custom managed code to control the behavior of the server. This model provides "ou

$ith all the features of the common language runtime and class librar" $hile gaining

the performance and scalabilit" of the host server.

The follo$ing illustration sho$s a basic net$ork schema $ith managed code running

in different server environments. Servers such as !!S and SQ Server can perform

standard operations $hile "our application logic e8ecutes through the managed code.

Ser3er;side managed code

AS-.N9T is the hosting environment that enables developers to use the .N9T

&rame$ork to target 6eb'based applications. Ho$ever* AS-.N9T is more than just a

runtime hostR it is a complete architecture for developing 6eb sites and !nternet'

distributed objects using managed code. 2oth 6eb &orms and L% 6eb services use

!!S and AS-.N9T as the publishing mechanism for applications* and both have a

collection of supporting classes in the .N9T &rame$ork.

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L% 6eb services* an important evolution in 6eb'based technolog"* are distributed*

server'side application components similar to common 6eb sites. Ho$ever* unlike

6eb'based applications* L% 6eb services components have no I! and are not

targeted for bro$sers such as !nternet 98plorer and Netscape Navigator. !nstead* L%

6eb services consist of reusable soft$are components designed to be consumed b"

other applications* such as traditional client applications* 6eb'based applications* or

even other L% 6eb services. As a result* L% 6eb services technolog" is rapidl"

moving application development and deplo"ment into the highl" distributed

environment of the !nternet.

!f "ou have used earlier versions of AS- technolog"* "ou $ill immediatel" notice the

improvements that AS-.N9T and 6eb &orms offers. &or e8ample* "ou can develop

6eb &orms pages in an" language that supports the .N9T &rame$ork. !n addition* "our

code no longer needs to share the same file $ith "our HTT- te8t +although it can

continue to do so if "ou prefer@. 6eb &orms pages e8ecute in native machine language

because* like an" other managed application* the" take full advantage of the runtime. !n

contrast* unmanaged AS- pages are al$a"s scripted and interpreted. AS-.N9T pages

are faster* more functional* and easier to develop than unmanaged AS- pages because

the" interact $ith the runtime like an" managed application.

The .N9T &rame$ork also provides a collection of classes and tools to aid in

development and consumption of L% 6eb services applications. L% 6eb services

are built on standards such as SGA- +a remote procedure'call protocol@* L% +an

e8tensible data format@* and 6SD +the 6eb Services Description anguage@. The

.N9T &rame$ork is built on these standards to promote interoperabilit" $ith non'

%icrosoft solutions.

&or e8ample* the 6eb Services Description anguage tool included $ith the .N9T

&rame$ork SD can uer" an L% 6eb service published on the 6eb* parse its

6SD description* and produce BW or ?isual 2asic source code that "our application

can use to become a client of the L% 6eb service.

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The source code can create classes derived from classes in the class librar" that handle

all the underl"ing communication using SGA- and L% parsing. Although "ou can

use the class librar" to consume L% 6eb services directl"* the 6eb Services

Description anguage tool and the other tools contained in the SD facilitate "our

development efforts $ith the .N9T &rame$ork.

!f "ou develop and publish "our o$n L% 6eb service* the .N9T &rame$ork provides

a set of classes that conform to all the underl"ing communication standards* such as

SGA-* 6SD* and L%. Ising those classes enables "ou to focus on the logic of "our

service* $ithout concerning "ourself $ith the communications infrastructure reuired

b" distributed soft$are development.

&inall"* like 6eb &orms pages in the managed environment* "our L% 6eb service

$ill run $ith the speed of native machine language using the scalable communication

of !!S.

Acti3e Ser3er 'ages!NET

AS-.N9T is a programming frame$ork built on the common language runtime that can be used on a server to build po$erful 6eb applications. AS-.N9T offers several

important advantages over previous 6eb development modelsJ

• !n'anced +er,ormance- AS-.N9T is compiled common language runtime

code running on the server. Inlike its interpreted predecessors* AS-.N9T can take

advantage of earl" binding* just'in'time compilation* native optimiFation* and caching

services right out of the bo8. This amounts to dramaticall" better performance before

"ou ever $rite a line of code.

• orld"%lass &ool Support. The AS-.N9T frame$ork is complemented b" a

rich toolbo8 and designer in the ?isual Studio integrated development environment.

6MS!6M editing* drag'and'drop server controls* and automatic deplo"ment are

just a fe$ of the features this po$erful tool provides.

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• +ower and /le0iility- 2ecause AS-.N9T is based on the common language

runtime* the po$er and fle8ibilit" of that entire platform is available to 6eb

application developers. The .N9T &rame$ork class librar"* %essaging* and Data

Access solutions are all seamlessl" accessible from the 6eb. AS-.N9T is alsolanguage'independent* so "ou can choose the language that best applies to "our

application or partition "our application across man" languages. &urther* common

language runtime interoperabilit" guarantees that "our e8isting investment in BG%'

based development is preserved $hen migrating to AS-.N9T.

• Simplicity. AS-.N9T makes it eas" to perform common tasks* from simple form

submission and client authentication to deplo"ment and site configuration. &or

e8ample* the AS-.N9T page frame$ork allo$s "ou to build user interfaces thatcleanl" separate application logic from presentation code and to handle events in a

simple* ?isual 2asic ' like forms processing model. Additionall"* the common

language runtime simplifies development* $ith managed code services such as

automatic reference counting and garbage collection.

• Manageaility. AS-.N9T emplo"s a te8t'based* hierarchical configuration

s"stem* $hich simplifies appl"ing settings to "our server environment and 6eb

applications. 2ecause configuration information is stored as plain te8t* ne$ settings

ma" be applied $ithout the aid of local administration tools. This Fero local

administration philosoph" e8tends to deplo"ing AS-.N9T &rame$ork applications as

$ell. An AS-.N9T &rame$ork application is deplo"ed to a server simpl" b" cop"ing

the necessar" files to the server. No server restart is reuired* even to deplo" or

replace running compiled code.

• Scalaility and A(ailaility. AS-.N9T has been designed $ith scalabilit" in

mind* $ith features specificall" tailored to improve performance in clustered and

multiprocessor environments. &urther* processes are closel" monitored and managed

b" the AS-.N9T runtime* so that if one misbehaves +leaks* deadlocks@* a ne$ process

can be created in its place* $hich helps keep "our application constantl" available to

handle reuests.

•

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• %ustomiaility and !0tensiility. AS-.N9T delivers a $ell'factored

architecture that allo$s developers to plug'in their code at the appropriate level. !n

fact* it is possible to e8tend or replace an" subcomponent of the AS-.N9T runtime

$ith "our o$n custom'$ritten component. !mplementing custom authentication or state services has never been easier.

• Security. 6ith built in 6indo$s authentication and per'application configuration*

"ou can be assured that "our applications are secure.

Language Support

The %icrosoft .N9T -latform currentl" offers built'in support for three languagesJ BW*

?isual 2asic* and Script.

%at is AS'!NET e0 .orms

The AS-.N9T 6eb &orms page frame$ork is a scalable common language

runtime programming model that can be used on the server to d"namicall" generate

6eb pages.

!ntended as a logical evolution of AS- +AS-.N9T provides s"nta8

compatibilit" $ith e8isting pages@* the AS-.N9T 6eb &orms frame$ork has been

specificall" designed to address a number of ke" deficiencies in the previous model.

!n particular* it providesJ

• The abilit" to create and use reusable I! controls that can encapsulate common

functionalit" and thus reduce the amount of code that a page developer has to $rite.

•The abilit" for developers to cleanl" structure their page logic in an orderl" fashion

+not spaghetti code@.

• The abilit" for development tools to provide strong 6MS!6M design support for

pages +e8isting AS- code is opaue to tools@.

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AS-.N9T 6eb &orms pages are te8t files $ith an .asp8 file name e8tension. The" can

be deplo"ed throughout an !!S virtual root director" tree. 6hen a bro$ser client

reuests .asp8 resources* the AS-.N9T runtime parses and compiles the target file into a

.N9T &rame$ork class. This class can then be used to d"namicall" process incoming

reuests. +Note that the .asp8 file is compiled onl" the first time it is accessedR the

compiled t"pe instance is then reused across multiple reuests@.

An AS-.N9T page can be created simpl" b" taking an e8isting HT% file and

changing its file name e8tension to .asp8 +no modification of code is reuired@. &or

e8ample* the follo$ing sample demonstrates a simple HT% page that collects a user,s

name and categor" preference and then performs a form post back to the originating

page $hen a button is clickedJ

AS-.N9T provides s"nta8 compatibilit" $ith e8isting AS- pages. This includes support

for XY YZ code render blocks that can be intermi8ed $ith HT% content $ithin an

.asp8 file. These code blocks e8ecute in a top'do$n manner at page render time.

Code/,ehind Web or)s

AS-.N9T supports t$o methods of authoring d"namic pages. The first is the method

sho$n in the preceding samples* $here the page code is ph"sicall" declared $ithin the

originating .asp8 file. An alternative approach''kno$n as the code'behind method''enables the

page code to be more cleanl" separated from the HT% content into an entirel" separate file.

Introduction to AS'!NET Ser3er Controls

!n addition to +or instead of@ using XY YZ code blocks to program d"namic content*AS-.N9T page developers can use AS-.N9T server controls to program 6eb pages.

Server controls are declared $ithin an .asp8 file using custom tags or intrinsic HT%

tags that contain a runat1server attributes value. !ntrinsic HT% tags are handled

b" one of the controls in the Syste).Web.-&.3t)lControls namespace.

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An" tag that doesn,t e8plicitl" map to one of the controls is assigned the t"pe of

Syste).Web.-&.3t)lControls.3t)lenericControl . Server controls automaticall"

maintain an" client'entered values bet$een round trips to the server. This control state

is not stored on the server +it is instead stored $ithin an 4in(ut ty(e1hidden5 form

field that is round'tripped bet$een reuests@. Note also that no client'side script is

reuired.

!n addition to supporting standard HT% input controls* AS-.N9T enables developers

to utiliFe richer custom controls on their pages. &or e8ample* the follo$ing sample

demonstrates ho$ the 4as(:adrotator5 control can be used to d"namicall" displa"

rotating ads on a page.

• AS-.N9T 6eb &orms provide an eas" and po$erful $a" to build d"namic 6eb I!.

• AS-.N9T 6eb &orms pages can target an" bro$ser client +there are no script librar"

or cookie reuirements@.

• AS-.N9T 6eb &orms pages provide s"nta8 compatibilit" $ith e8isting AS- pages.

• AS-.N9T server controls provide an eas" $a" to encapsulate common functionalit".

• AS-.N9T ships $ith 45 built'in server controls. Developers can also use controls built

b" third parties.

• AS-.N9T server controls can automaticall" project both up level and do$n level

HT%.

• AS-.N9T templates provide an eas" $a" to customiFe the look and feel of list server

controls.

• AS-.N9T validation controls provide an eas" $a" to do declarative client or server

data validation.

Crystal Reports

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Br"stal 0eports for ?isual 2asic .N9T is the standard reporting tool for ?isual

2asic.N9TR it brings the abilit" to create interactive* presentation'ualit" content [

$hich has been the strength of Br"stal 0eports for "ears [ to the .N9T platform.

6ith Br"stal 0eports for ?isual 2asic.N9T* "ou can host reports on 6eb and 6indo$s

platforms and publish Br"stal reports as 0eport 6eb Services on a 6eb server.

To present data to users* "ou could $rite code to loop through record sets and print

them inside "our 6indo$s or 6eb application. Ho$ever* an" $ork be"ond basic

formatting can be complicatedJ consolidations* multiple level totals* charting* and

conditional formatting are difficult to program.

6ith Br"stal 0eports for ?isual Studio .N9T* "ou can uickl" create comple8 and

professional'looking reports. !nstead of coding* "ou use the Br"stal 0eport Designer

interface to create and format the report "ou need. The po$erful 0eport 9ngine

processes the formatting* grouping* and charting criteria "ou specif".

Report E2perts

Ising the Br"stal 0eport 98perts* "ou can uickl" create reports based on "our development needsJ

• Bhoose from report la"out options ranging from standard reports to form letters* or

build "our o$n report from scratch.

• Displa" charts that users can drill do$n on to vie$ detailed report data.

• Balculate summaries* subtotals* and percentages on grouped data.

•

Sho$ TopN or 2ottomN results of data.• Bonditionall" format te8t and rotate te8t objects.

BAC END TEC6N+L+91:

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A0out Microso4t SL Ser3er #

%icrosoft SQ Server is a Structured Quer" anguage +SQ@ based* client/server

relational database. 9ach of these terms describes a fundamental part of the architecture

of SQ Server.

Data0ase

A database is similar to a data file in that it is a storage place for data. ike a data file* a

database does not present information directl" to a userR the user runs an application

that accesses data from the database and presents it to the user in an understandable

format.

A database t"picall" has t$o componentsJ the files holding the ph"sical database and

the database management s"stem +D2%S@ soft$are that applications use to access data.

The D2%S is responsible for enforcing the database structure* includingJ

• %aintaining the relationships bet$een data in the database.

• 9nsuring that data is stored correctl" and that the rules defining data relationships are

not violated.

• 0ecovering all data to a point of kno$n consistenc" in case of s"stem failures.

Relational Data0ase

There are different $a"s to organiFe data in a database but relational databases are one

of the most effective. 0elational database s"stems are an application of mathematical

set theor" to the problem of effectivel" organiFing data. !n a relational database* data iscollected into tables +called relations in relational theor"@.

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6hen organiFing data into tables* "ou can usuall" find man" different $a"s to define

tables. 0elational database theor" defines a process* normaliFation* $hich ensures that

the set of tables "ou define $ill organiFe "our data effectivel".

ClientSer3er:;

!n a client/server s"stem* the server is a relativel" large computer in a central location

that manages a resource used b" man" people. 6hen individuals need to use the

resource* the" connect over the net$ork from their computers* or clients* to the server.

98amples of servers areJ !n client/server database architecture* the database files and

D2%S soft$are reside on a server. A communications component is provided so

applications can run on separate clients and communicate to the database server over a

net$ork. The SQ Server communication component also allo$s communication

bet$een an application running on the server and SQ Server.

Server applications are usuall" capable of $orking $ith several clients at the same

time. SQ Server can $ork $ith thousands of client applications simultaneousl". The

server has features to prevent the logical problems that occur if a user tries to read or

modif" data currentl" being used b" others.

6hile SQ Server is designed to $ork as a server in a client/server net$ork* it is also

capable of $orking as a stand'alone database directl" on the client. The scalabilit" and

ease'of'use features of SQ Server allo$ it to $ork efficientl" on a client $ithout

consuming too man" resources.

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Structured uery Language FSLG

To $ork $ith data in a database* "ou must use a set of commands and statements

+language@ defined b" the D2%S soft$are. There are several different languages that

can be used $ith relational databasesR the most common is SQ. 2oth the American

National Standards !nstitute +ANS!@ and the !nternational Standards GrganiFation +!SG@

have defined standards for SQ. %ost modern D2%S products support the 9ntr" evel

of SQ'E* the latest SQ standard +published in 1EE@.

SL Ser3er .eatures

%icrosoft SQ Server supports a set of features that result in the follo$ing benefitsJ

Ease o4 installationH deploymentH and use

SQ Server includes a set of administrative and development tools that improve "our

abilit" to install* deplo"* manage* and use SQ Server across several sites.

Scalaility

The same database engine can be used across platforms ranging from laptop computers

running %icrosoft 6indo$s E5/E> to large* multiprocessor servers running %icrosoft

6indo$s NT* 9nterprise 9dition.

Data ware'ousing

SQ Server includes tools for e8tracting and anal"Fing summar" data for online

anal"tical processing +GA-@. SQ Server also includes tools for visuall" designingdatabases and anal"Fing data using 9nglish'based uestions.

System integration wit' ot'er ser(er so,tware

SQ Server integrates $ith e'mail* the !nternet* and 6indo$s.

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Data0ases

A database in %icrosoft SQ Server consists of a collection of tables that contain data*

and other objects* such as vie$s* inde8es* stored procedures* and triggers* defined to

support activities performed $ith the data. The data stored in a database is usuall"

related to a particular subject or process* such as inventor" information for a

manufacturing $arehouse.

SQ Server can support man" databases* and each database can store either interrelated

data or data unrelated to that in the other databases. &or e8ample* a server can have one

database that stores personnel data and another that stores product'related data.

Alternativel"* one database can store current customer order data* and anotherR related

database can store historical customer orders that are used for "earl" reporting. 2efore

"ou create a database* it is !mportant to understand the parts of a database and ho$ to

design these parts to ensure that the database performs $ell after it is implemented.

Normaliation t%eory:

0elations are to be normaliFed to avoid anomalies. !n insert* update and delete

operations. NormaliFation theor" is built around the concept of normal forms. A

relation is said to be in a particular form if it satisfies a certain specified set if

constraints. To decide a suitable logical structure for given database design the concept

of normaliFation* $hich are briefl" described belo$.

1. 1 st Normal &orm +1 N.&@J A relation is said to be in 1 N& is and onl" if all

unaligned domains contain values onl". That is the fields of an n'set should

have no group items and no repeating groups.

. nd Normal &orm + N.&@ J A relation is said to be in N& is and onl" if it is

in 1 N& and ever" non ke" attribute is full" dependent on primar" ke". This

normal takes care of functional dependencies on non'ke" attributes.

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3. 3 rd Normal &orm +3 N.&@ J A relation is said to be in 3 N& is and onl" if it is

in N& and ever" non ke" attribute is non transitivel" dependent on the

primar" ke". This normal form avoids the transitive dependencies on the

primar" ke".

4. 2o"ce code Normal &orm +2BN&@ J This is a stronger definition than that of

N&. A relation is said to be in 2BN& if and onl" if ever" determinant is a

Bandidate ke".

5. 4 th Normal &orm +4 N&@ J A relation is said to be in 4 N& if and onl" if

$henever there e8ists a multi valued dependenc" in a relation sa" A'Z'Z2

then all of the relation are also functionall" dependent on A+i.e. A'ZL for all

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Mou can think of the Dataset as an al$a"s disconnected record set that kno$s nothing

about the source or destination of the data it contains. !nside a Dataset* much like in a

database* there are tables* columns* relationships* constraints* vie$s* and so forth.

A Data Adapter is the object that connects to the database to fill the Dataset. Then* it

connects back to the database to update the data there* based on operations performed

$hile the Dataset held the data. !n the past* data processing has been primaril"

connection'based. No$* in an effort to make multi'tiered apps more efficient* data

processing is turning to a message'based approach that revolves around chunks of

information. At the center of this approach is the Data Adapter* $hich provides a bridge

to retrieve and save data bet$een a Dataset and its source data store. !t accomplishes

this b" means of reuests to the appropriate SQ commands made against the data

store.

The L%'based Dataset object provides a consistent programming model that $orks

$ith all models of data storageJ flat* relational* and hierarchical. !t does this b" having

no ,kno$ledge, of the source of its data* and b" representing the data that it holds as

collections and data t"pes. No matter $hat the source of the data $ithin the Dataset is*

it is manipulated through the same set of standard A-!s e8posed through the Dataset

and its subordinate objects.

6hile the Dataset has no kno$ledge of the source of its data* the managed provider has

detailed and specific information. The role of the managed provider is to connect* fill*

and persist the Dataset to and from data stores. The G9 D2 and SQ Server .N9T

Data -roviders +S"stem.Data.GleDb and S"stem.Data.SlBlient@ that are part of the

.Net &rame$ork provide four basic objectsJ the Bommand* Bonnection* Data 0eader

and Data Adapter. !n the remaining sections of this document* $e,ll $alk through each

part of the Dataset and the G9 D2/SQ Server .N9T Data -roviders e8plaining $hat

the" are* and ho$ to program against them. The follo$ing sections $ill introduce "ou

to some objects that have evolved* and some that are ne$. These objects areJ

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• Bonnections. &or connection to and managing transactions against a database.

• Bommands. &or issuing SQ commands against a database.

• Data 0eaders. &or reading a for$ard'onl" stream of data records from a SQ

Server data source.

• Datasets. &or storing* removing and programming against flat data* L% data and

relational data.

• Data Adapters. &or pushing data into a Dataset* and reconciling data against a

database.

6hen dealing $ith connections to a database* there are t$o different optionsJ SQ

Server .N9T Data -rovider +S"stem.Data.SlBlient@ and G9 D2 .N9T Data -rovider

+S"stem.Data.GleDb@. !n these samples $e $ill use the SQ Server .N9T Data

-rovider. These are $ritten to talk directl" to %icrosoft SQ Server. The G9 D2

.N9T Data -rovider is used to talk to an" G9 D2 provider +as it uses G9 D2

underneath@.

%onnections

Bonnections are used to ,talk to, databases* and are represented b" provider'specific

classes such as SQBonnection. Bommands travel over connections and result sets are

returned in the form of streams $hich can be read b" a Data 0eader object* or pushed

into a Dataset object.

%ommands

Bommands contain the information that is submitted to a database* and are represented

b" provider'specific classes such as SQBommand. A command can be a stored

procedure call* an I-DAT9 statement* or a statement that returns results. Mou can also

use input and output parameters* and return values as part of "our command s"nta8.The e8ample belo$ sho$s ho$ to issue an !NS90T statement against the North $ind

database.

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Data #eaders

The Data 0eader object is some$hat s"non"mous $ith a read'onl"/for$ard'onl" cursor

over data. The Data 0eader A-! supports flat as $ell as hierarchical data. A Data

0eader object is returned after e8ecuting a command against a database. The format of

the returned Data 0eader object is different from a record set. &or e8ample* "ou might

use the Data 0eader to sho$ the results of a search list in a $eb page.

Datasets

The Dataset object is similar to the ADG 0ecord set object* but more po$erful* and

$ith one other important distinctionJ the Dataset is al$a"s disconnected. The Dataset

object represents a cache of data* $ith database'like structures such as tables* columns*

relationships* and constraints. Ho$ever* though a Dataset can and does behave much

like a database* it is important to remember that Dataset objects do not interact directl"

$ith databases* or other source data. This allo$s the developer to $ork $ith a

programming model that is al$a"s consistent* regardless of $here the source data

resides. Data coming from a database* an L% file* from code* or user input can all be

placed into Dataset objects. Then* as changes are made to the Dataset the" can be

tracked and verified before updating the source data. The et Bhanges method of the

Dataset object actuall" creates a second Dataset that contains onl" the changes to the

data. This Dataset is then used b" a Data Adapter +or other objects@ to update the

original data source. The Dataset has man" L% characteristics* including the abilit"

to produce and consume L% data and L% schemas. L% schemas can be used to

describe schemas interchanged via 6eb Services. !n fact* a Dataset $ith a schema can

actuall" be compiled for t"pe safet" and statement completion.

Data Adapters 4L!D56S7L8

The Data Adapter object $orks as a bridge bet$een the Dataset and the source data.

Ising the provider'specific SlDataAdapter +along $ith its associated SlBommand

and SlBonnection@ can increase overall performance $hen $orking $ith a %icrosoft

SQ Server databases.

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&or other G9 D2'supported databases* "ou $ould use the GleDbDataAdapter object

and its associated GleDbBommand and GleDbBonnection objects. The Data Adapter

object uses commands to update the data source after changes have been made to the

Dataset. Ising the &ill method of the Data Adapter calls the S99BT commandR using

the Ipdate method calls the !NS90T* I-DAT9 or D99T9 command for each

changed ro$. Mou can e8plicitl" set these commands in order to control the statements

used at runtime to resolve changes* including the use of stored procedures. &or ad'hoc

scenarios* a Bommand 2uilder object can generate these at run'time based upon a

select statement. Ho$ever* this run'time generation reuires an e8tra round'trip to the

server in order to gather reuired metadata* so e8plicitl" providing the !NS90T*

I-DAT9* and D99T9 commands at design time $ill result in better run'time

performance.

1. ADG.N9T is the ne8t evolution of ADG for the .Net &rame$ork.

. ADG.N9T $as created $ith n'Tier* statelessness and L% in the forefront. T$o ne$

objects* the Dataset and Data Adapter* are provided for these scenarios. ADG.N9T

can be used to get data from a stream* or to store data in a cache for updates.

3. There is a lot more information about ADG.N9T in the documentation.

4. 0emember* "ou can e8ecute a command directl" against the database in order to do

inserts* updates* and deletes. Mou don,t need to first put data into a Dataset in order to

insert* update* or delete it.

5. Also* "ou can use a Dataset to bind to the data* move through the data* and navigate

data relationships

Client;side Script F


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9a(aScript-

avaScript is a ne$ scripting language for 6eb-ages. Scripts $ritten $ith java script

can be embedded into "our HT% pages. 6ith java script "ou have man" possibilities

for enhancing "our HT% page $ith interesting elements. &or e8ample "ou are able to

respond to user'initiated events uite easil". Some effects that are no$ possible $ith

java script $ere some time ago onl" possible $ith B!. So "ou can create reall"

sophisticated pages $ith the helps of java script on the !nternet.

:ow can 9a(a Script scripts run;

The first bro$ser to support java script $as the Netscape Navigator .C of course the

higher versions do have java script as $ell. Mou might kno$ that java does not run on

all Netscape Navigators .C +or higher versions@ versions. 2ut this is not true for java

script 'although there are some problems $ith the different versions.

The %ac version for e8ample seems to have man" bugs. !n the near future there are

going to be some other bro$sers* $hich support java script. The %icrosoft !nternet

e8plorer 3.C is going to support java script. avaScript enabled bro$sers are going to

spread soon ' it is $orth learning this ne$ techniue no$. Mou might realiFe that is

reall" eas" to $rite ava Script scripts. 6e have to kno$ is some basic techniues and

some $ork'around for problems "ou might encounter. Gf course $e need a basic.

Inderstanding HT% before reading this tutorial "ou can find man" reall" good online

resources about HT%. 2est "ou make an online search about 7html# at "ahoo if "ou

$ant to get informed about HT%. No$ ! $ant to sho$ some small scripts so "ou can

learn ho$ the" are implemented into HT%'documents and to sho$ $hich

possibilities "ou have $ith the ne$ scripting language. The follo$ing is a ver" small

script* $hich $ill onl" print a te8t into an HT% document.

XhtmlZ

53


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XheadZ

%" first avaScript

X/headZ

Xbod"ZXbrZ

This is a normal HT% document

XbrZ

Xscript language\)avaScript)Z

Document.$rite +(this is a java script)@

X/scriptZXb rZ

2acking HT% again

X/bod"Z

X/htmlZ

!f "ou are using a java script enabled'bro$ser at the moment then "ou $ill have the

possibilit" to see this script $orking. !f "our bro$ser doesn#t support ava Script then

this output might be some kind of strange]

This is a normal HT% document

This is java script^

2ack in HT% again.

.unctions

54


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&unctions are bet declared bet$een the XHeadZ tag of HT% page. &unctions are

called b" user'initiated events. Seems reasonable to keep the functions bet$een the

XHeadZ tags. The" are loaded first before a user can do an"thing that might call a

function. Scripts can be placed bet$een inside comment fields to ensure that older

bro$ser do not displa" the script itself.

XhtmlZ

XheadZ

Xscript language\)avaScript)Z

function pushbutton +@

_

alert +(Hello^)@R

`

X/scriptZ

X/headZ

Xbod"Z

XformZ

Xinput t"pe\)button) name\)2utton1) value\)push me) onclick\)pushbutton +@)Z

X/formZ

X/bod"Z

X/htmlZ

!f $e $ant to test this one immediatel" and "ou are using a ava Script enabled

bro$ser then please go ahead and push the button.

This script $ill create a button and $hen "ou press it a $indo$ $ill pop up sa"ing

(hello^) !n fact $e have a lot of possibilities just b" adding functions to our scripts.

The common bro$sers transmit the form information b" either methodJ here#s the

complete tag including the 9T transmission method attribute for the previous form

!0ample

55


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X&orm method \9T action\httpJ//$$$.m"compan".com/cgi'bin/upfdate.plZ

]]]

X/formZ

Input elements!

Ise the XinputZ tag to define an" one of a number of common form elements

including te8t fields multiple choice lists click able images and submission buttons.

There are man" attributers for this tag onl" that t"pes and name attributes are reuired

for each element* each t"pe of input element uses onl" a subset of the follo$ed

attributes. Additional XinputZ attributes ma" be reuired based upon $hich t"pe of the

form element "ou specif".

Sumit utton-

The submit button +Xinput t"pe\submitZ@ does $hat its name implies* settings in

motion the form#s submission to the server from the bro$ser. 6e man" have more than

submit buttons $ill be added to the parameter list the bro$ser sends along to the server.

!0ample

X !nput t"pe \)submit)Z

X!nput t"pe\)submit) value\)submit) name\)name)Z

#eset utton-

The reset button if firm XinputZ button is nearl" self' e8planator"R it lets the user

reset erase or set to some default value all elements in the form. 2" default the bro$ser

displa"s a reset button $orth the label (reset). 6e can change that b" specif"ing a

value attribute $ith tour o$n button label.

DATABASE M+DELS

5


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ADG.N9T and accessing the database through applets and ADG.N9T A-! via an

intermediate server resulted server resulted in a ne$ t"pe of database model $hich is

different from the client'server model. 2ased on number of intermediate server through

the reuest should go it is named as single tire* t$o tire and multi tire architecture

Single &ier

!n a single tier the server and client are the same in the sense that a client program that

needs information +client@ and the source of this t"pe of architecture is also possible in

java* in case flat files are used to store the data. Ho$ever this is useful onl" in case of

small applications. The advantage $ith this is the simplicit" and portabilit" of the

application developed.

Database

&wo &ier client"ser(er8

!n t$o tier architecture the database resides in one machine and client in different

machine the" are connected through the net$ork. !n this t"pe of architecture a databasemanagement takes control of the database and provides access to clients in a net$ork.

This soft$are bundle is also called as the server. Soft$are in different machines*

reuesting for information are called as the clients.

5=

Server and

client

Server

Blient

Blient


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Database

&'ree &ier and


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C +pronounced B Sharp@ is a multi'paradigm programming language that encompasses

functional* imperative* generic* object'oriented +class'based@* and component'oriented

programming disciplines. !t $as developed b" %icrosoft as part of the .N9T initiative

and later approved as a standard b" 9B%A +EC6A/778@ and !SG +&S'9&EC 2720@.

BW is one of the 44 programming languages supported b" the .N9T &rame$ork ,s

Bommon anguage 0untime.

BW is intended to be a simple* modern* general'purpose* object'oriented programming

language. Anders Hejlsberg* the designer of Delphi* leads the team $hich is developing

BW. !t has an object'oriented s"nta8 based on BVV and is heavil" influenced b" other programming languages such as Delphi and ava. !t $as initiall" named Bool* $hich

stood for B like Gbject Griented anguage. Ho$ever* in ul" CCC* $hen %icrosoft

made the project public* the name of the programming language $as given as BW. The

most recent version of the language is BW 3.C $hich $as released in conjunction $ith

the .N9T &rame$ork 3.5 in CC=. The ne8t proposed version* BW 4.C* is in

development.

6istory

!n 1EE


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During the development of .N9T* the class libraries $ere originall" $ritten in a

language/compiler called Simple %anaged B +S%B@. !n anuar" 1EEE* Anders

Hejlsberg formed a team to build a ne$ language at the time called Bool* $hich stood

for B like Gbject Griented anguage.%icrosoft had considered keeping the name

Bool as the final name of the language* but chose not to do so for trademark reasons.

2" the time the .N9T project $as publicl" announced at the ul" CCC -rofessional

Developers Bonference* the language had been renamed BW* and the class libraries and

AS-.N9T runtime had been ported to BW.

BW,s principal designer and lead architect at %icrosoft is Anders Hejlsberg* $ho $as

previousl" involved $ith the design of ?isual VV* 2orland Delphi* and Turbo -ascal.

!n intervie$s and technical papers he has stated that fla$s in most major programming

languages +e.g. BVV* ava* Delphi* and Smalltalk @ drove the fundamentals of the

Bommon anguage 0untime +B0@* $hich* in turn* drove the design of the BW

programming language itself. Some argue that BW shares roots in other languages.

.eatures o4 CJ:;

2" design* BW is the programming language that most directl" reflects the underl"ing

Bommon anguage !nfrastructure +B!@. %ost of BW,s intrinsic t"pes correspond to

value't"pes implemented b" the B! frame$ork. Ho$ever* the BW language

specification does not state the code generation reuirements of the compilerJ that is* it

does not state that a BW compiler must target a Bommon anguage 0untime +B0@* or

generate Bommon !ntermediate anguage +B!@* or generate an" other specific format.

Theoreticall"* a BW compiler could generate machine code like traditional compilers of

BVV or &G0T0ANR in practice* all e8isting BW implementations target B!.

Some notable BW distinguishing features areJ

• There are no global variables or functions. All methods and members must be

declared $ithin classes. !t is possible* ho$ever* to use static methods/variables $ithin

public classes instead of global variables/functions.


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• ocal variables cannot shado$ variables of the enclosing block* unlike B and BVV.

?ariable shado$ing is often considered confusing b" BVV te8ts.

• BW supports a strict 2oolean data t"pe* bool. Statements that take conditions* such as

while and if* reuire an e8pression of a boolean t"pe. 6hile BVV also has a booleant"pe* it can be freel" converted to and from integers* and e8pressions such as if (a)

reuire onl" that a is convertible to bool* allo$ing a to be an int* or a pointer. BW

disallo$s this integer meaning true or false approach on the grounds that forcing

programmers to use e8pressions that return e8actl" bool can prevent certain t"pes of

programming mistakes such as if (a = b) +use of = instead of ==@.

• !n BW* memor" address pointers can onl" be used $ithin blocks specificall" marked

as unsafe* and programs $ith unsafe code need appropriate permissions to run. %ost

object access is done through safe object references* $hich are al$a"s either pointing

to a valid* e8isting object* or have the $ell'defined null valueR a reference to a

garbage'collected object* or to random block of memor"* is impossible to obtain. An

unsafe pointer can point to an instance of a value't"pe* arra"* string* or a block of

memor" allocated on a stack. Bode that is not marked as unsafe can still store and

manipulate pointers through the System.IntPtr t"pe* but cannot dereference them.

•

%anaged memor" cannot be e8plicitl" freed* but is automaticall" garbage collected.arbage collection addresses memor" leaks. BW also provides direct support for

deterministic finaliFation $ith the using statement +supporting the 0esource

Acuisition !s !nitialiFation idiom@.

• %ultiple inheritance is not supported* although a class can implement an" number of

interfaces. This $as a design decision b" the language,s lead architect to avoid

complication* avoid dependenc" hell and simplif" architectural reuirements

throughout B!.

• BW is more t"pe safe than BVV. The onl" implicit conversions b" default are those

$hich are considered safe* such as $idening of integers and conversion from a


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derived t"pe to a base t"pe. This is enforced at compile'time* during !T* and* in some

cases* at runtime. There are no implicit conversions bet$een booleans and integers*

nor bet$een enumeration members and integers +e8cept for literal C* $hich can be

implicitl" converted to an" enumerated t"pe@. An" user'defined conversion must be

e8plicitl" marked as e8plicit or implicit* unlike BVV cop" constructors +$hich are

implicit b" default@ and conversion operators +$hich are al$a"s implicit@.

• 9numeration members are placed in their o$n scope.

• BW provides s"ntactic sugar for a common pattern of a pair of methods* accessor

+getter@ and mutator +setter@ encapsulating operations on a single attribute of a class*

in form of properties.

•

&ull t"pe reflection and discover" is available.

• BW currentl" +as of 3 une CC>@ has == reserved $ords.

Common Type system FCTSG

BW has a unified type system. This unified t"pe s"stem is called Co))on Ty(e Syste)

;CTS


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the corresponding operators are overloaded. ?alue t"pes are derived from

System.ValueType * al$a"s have a default value* and can al$a"s be created and

copied. Some other limitations on value t"pes are that the" cannot derive from each

other +but can implement interfaces@ and cannot have a default +parameterless@

constructor. 98amples of value t"pes are some primitive t"pes* such as int +a signed

3'bit integer@* float +a 3'bit !999 floating'point number@* char +a 1


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Unboxing is the operation of converting a value of a reference t"pe +previousl" bo8ed@

into a value of a value t"pe.

!0ample-

int foo \ 4R // ?alue t"pe.

object bar \ fooR // foo is bo8ed to bar.

int foo \ +int@barR // Inbo8ed back to value t"pe.

.eatures o4 CJ #!

Ne$ features in BW for the .N9T SD .C +corresponding to the 3rd edition of the

9B%A'334 standard@ isJ

'artial class

-artial classes allo$ implementation of a class to be spread bet$een several files* $ith

each file containing one or more class members. !t is primar" useful $hen parts of a

class are automaticall" generated. &or e8ample* the feature is heavil" used b" code'

generating user interface designers in ?isual Studio.

file1.csJ

public partial class %"Blass

_

public void %"%ethod1+@

_

// %anuall" $ritten code

`

`

file.csJ

public partial class %"Blass

_


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public void %"%ethod+@

_

// Automaticall" generated code

`

`

9enerics

enerics* or parameteriFed t"pes* or parametric pol"morphism is a .N9T .C feature

supported b" BW. Inlike BVV templates* .N9T parameteriFed t"pes are instantiated at

runtime rather than b" the compilerR hence the" can be cross'language $hereas BVVtemplates cannot. The" support some features not supported directl" b" BVV templates

such as t"pe constraints on generic parameters b" use of interfaces. Gn the other hand*

BW does not support non't"pe generic parameters. Inlike generics in ava* .N9T

generics use reification to make parameteriFed t"pes first'class objects in the B!

?irtual %achine* $hich allo$s for optimiFations and preservation of the t"pe

information.

Static classes

Static classes are classes that cannot be instantiated or inherited from* and that onl"

allo$ static members. Their purpose is similar to that of modules in man" procedural

languages.

A ne7 4orm o4 iterator pro3iding generator4unctionality


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A ne$ form of iterator that provides generator functionalit"* using a yiel# return

construct similar to yiel# in -"thon.

// %ethod that takes an iterable input +possibl" an arra"@// and returns all even numbers.

public static !9numerableXintZ et9ven+!9numerableXintZ numbers@

_

foreach +int i in numbers@

_

if +i Y \\ C@ "ield return iR

`

`

Anonymous delegates

Anon"mous delegates provide closure functionalit" in BW. Bode inside the bod" of an

anon"mous delegate has full read/$rite access to local variables* method parameters*

and class members in scope of the delegate* e8cepting out and ref parameters. &or

e0ample-"

int SumGfArra"9lements+intOP arra"@

_

int sum \ CR

Arra".&or9ach+

arra"*

delegate+int 8@

_

sum V\ 8R

`

@R

return sumR

`

Delegate co3ariance and contra3ariance


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Bonversions from method groups to delegate t"pes are covariant and contravariant in

return and parameter t"pes* respectivel".

T%e accessi0ility o4 property accessors can 0e set

independently

!0ample-

string status \ string.9mpt"R

public string Status

_

get _ return statusR ` // an"one can get value of this propert"*

protected set _ status \ valueR ` // but onl" derived classes can change it

`

Nulla0le types

Nullable value t"pes +denoted b" a uestion mark* e.g. int$ i = null%@ $hich add

null to the set of allo$ed values for an" value t"pe. This provides improved

interaction $ith SQ databases* $hich can have nullable columns of t"pes

corresponding to BW primitive t"pesJ an SQ I&T'' &*++ column t"pe directl"

translates to the BW int$.

Nullable t"pes received an eleventh'hour improvement at the end of August CC5* mere

$eeks before the official launch* to improve their bo8ing characteristicsJ a nullable

variable $hich is assigned null is not actuall" a null reference* but rather an instance of

struct &ullable,T- $ith propert" asValue eual to false. 6hen bo8ed* the

&ullable instance itself is bo8ed* and not the value stored in it* so the resulting

reference $ould al$a"s be non'null* even for null values. The follo$ing code illustrates

the corrected fla$J


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int i \ nullR

object o \ iR

if +o \\ null@

Bonsole.6riteine+Borrect behaviour ' runtime version from September CC5 or

later@R

else

Bonsole.6riteine+!ncorrect behaviour ' pre'release runtime +from before

September CC5@@R

6hen copied into objects* the official release bo8es values from &ullable instances* so

null values and null references are considered eual. The late nature of this fi8 caused

some controvers" * since it reuired core'B0 changes affecting not onl" .N9T* but

all dependent technologies +including BW* ?2* SQ Server CC5 and ?isual Studio

CC5@.

DATABASE TABLES:

Admin Register Ta0le:


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Na)e Null9Not Null Ty(e =ey

uid Not Null int !dentit"+1CCC*1@

name Null varchar+4C@

p$d Null varchar+4C@

cp$d Null varchar+5C@

phone Null varchar+C@email Null varchar+5C@ -rimar" e"

address Null varchar+5C@

cit" Null varchar+5C@

petsname Not Null varchar+3C@

groupname Null varchar+3C@

User Registration Ta0le


uid Not Null int !dentit"+1CCC*1@

name Null varchar+4C@

p$d Null varchar+4C@

cp$d Null varchar+5C@

phone Null varchar+C@

email Null varchar+5C@ -rimar" e"

address Null varchar+5C@

cit" Null varchar+5C@

petsname Not Null varchar+3C@groupname Null varchar+3C@

Budget ?ideoKs Ta0le


channelname Null varchar+5C@

categor" Null varchar+5C@

adspan Null varchar+5C@


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timea Null varchar+5C@

timeb Null varchar+5C@

timec Null varchar+5C@

timed Null varchar+5C@

timee Null varchar+5C@

Budget Animated Ta0le


channelname Null varchar+5C@

categor" Null varchar+5C@



timeb Null varchar+5C@timec Null varchar+5C@



Budget Slides Ta0le


channelname Null varchar+5C@categor" Null varchar+5C@



timeb Null varchar+5C@

timec Null varchar+5C@



C%annel Time Ta0le


uid Null int

name Null varchar+C@

adname Null varchar+1CC@

channel Null varchar+C@

timings Null varchar+1CC@

=C


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User Ne7 ADKs Ta0le


uid Null intname Null varchar+C@

email Null varchar+5C@


rdate Null varchar+C@

censor Null varchar+C@

director Null varchar+C@

address Null varchar+C@

video Not Null varchar+1CC@

Su0(ect s Ta0le


Subjectid Null int -rimar" e"

Subjectname Null varchar+C@

Bountr" Null varchar+C@

State Null varchar+C@

location Null varchar+C@

?ie7 ?ideoKs Ta0le


uid Null int

name Null varchar+C@

email Null varchar+5C@


rdate Null varchar+C@

censor Null varchar+C@

permission Null varchar+C@

.EASIBILIT1 STUD1:

&easibilit" stud" is conducted once the problem is clearl" understood.

&easibilit" stud" is a high level capsule version of the entire s"stem anal"sis and design

process. The objective is to determine uickl" at a minimum e8pense ho$ to solve a

=1


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problem. The purpose of feasibilit" is not to solve the problem but to determine if the

problem is $orth solving.

The s"stem has been tested for feasibilit" in the follo$ing points.

1. Technical &easibilit"

. 9conomical &easibilit"

3. Gperational &easibilit".

Tec%nical .easi0ility

The project entitles Bourier Service S"stem) is technicall" feasibilit"

because of the belo$ mentioned feature. The project $as developed in ava $hichraphical Iser !nterface.

!t provides the high leve

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