Name: 黎 話 玄Advisor: Prof. JARRN-HORNG LIN   

Activated carbons are fabricated from coffee

residue

CONTENT

Purpose

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers

Purpose

• Using coffee residue to fabricate activated carbon …

• Controlling temperature and the time range to get:

Highest carbon contentSuitable pore structure to fixed to application

Precursor Activated carbon Carbon Pores+=

CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers

Experimental

Carbon Pores+ = Activated carbon

Gasifying agents/ Temperature

Temperature/ He

Experimental

Washing Drying Treating by temp /gas Analyzing

T tube

300oC

time

He Air Flow rate : 100cc.min-1

2hr 2hr

C + O2 CO2

C + O2 CO

precursors

Furnace

300 – 700⁰C

He/gases

Experimental

Carbon Pores+ = Activated carbon

XRDTGA

BETSEM

IR“Boehm”titration

CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers

Materials• Precursor : coffee residue

• Washing solution: water

• Gases : air (N2 /O2)

CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers

Carbon Pores+ = Activated carbon

XRDTGA

BETSEM

IR“Boehm” titration

Analyzers

Carbon appearance

Analyzers XRD

TGA

X – ray diffraction studies2Ѳ = 10 - 80⁰C ( 2⁰/min) X – ray diffraction curve

Carbon

44⁰

Graphitic structure

24⁰

Phases of silica

Analyzers TGA

XRD

Thermogravimetric analysisThe mass loss thermograms30 – 800⁰C/ N2 flow rate (10⁰C/min)

-TGA plots at different time and mass loss (%)

- Dehydration steps of materials = pyrolysis behavior

A. Reffas et al, Journal of Hazardous Materials (2009), page 6

Carbon

Mass loss (%)

Volatile matters

Tars

Carbonized materials

Ash

Time

Carbon Pores+ = Activated carbon

TGAXRD

BETSEM

IR“Boehm” titration

Analyzers

Carbon appearance Non – porous materialPore structure

AnalyzersBET

SEMBrunauer Emmet and Teller N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms

Specific area value Samples are out-gases at 200⁰C N₂ flow/ 3hr

Pores

Types of isotherms -

BET equation

Shape of porous

structures

Specific surface area

(S BET )

Pore volumePore diameters

Pore size distributions

AnalyzersSEM

BETScanning Electron Microscopy SEM images

Morphology of materials : heterogeneous or homogeneous surface

Particles of impurities washing residue

SEM images displays macropores (2 – 5µm diameter) or smooth surface

A. Reffas et al, Journal of Hazardous Materials (2009), page 6

Pores

Carbon Pores+ = Activated carbon

TGAXRD

BETSEM

IR“Boehm” titration

Analyzers

Carbon appearance Non – porous materialPore structure

Surface functional groups

AnalyzersIR

BoehmInfrared spectroscopy

T⁰ room (400 – 4000 cm-1 wavenumber)0.6mg Activated Carbon + 200mg KBr ( 350MPa)

IR spectraCharacteristic Combine to “Boehm titration” …

Acidic func groups

Basic func groups ?

Useful to explain adsorption ability

Choosing the suitable pollutants.

Conclusions

Coffee residue

Gases / chemicals

Temperature

TGA

XRD

BET

SEM

IR

Suitable Applications

Useful activated carbons

Thank for your attention