8/10/2019 Acss Voc2 Key

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Academic Study SkillsName:__________________________________

Vocabulary test 2

Choose 20 out of the following 25 words or e!ressions and show

their meaning clearly by !ro"iding a de#nition$ a synonym$ or ane!lanation$e%g%a synonym: Member of Parliament – representative

1.   AdequateB2 enough or satisfactory for a particular  purpose:Have we got adequate food  for 20  guests?I didn'thave adequate time to prepare.It's not a big  salary  but it's adequate for  our  needs.Thecouncil's provision for the elderly  is barely  adequate ! is not enough".[+ toinfinitive ] #ill  future oil  supplies be adequate to meet  worldneeds?

2.   Apparent

B2 able to be seen or understood:Her unhappiness was apparent to everyone.[+that ] It  was becoming  increasingly  apparent  that  he could no longer ta$e care of himself.I was onthe metro this morning  when for no apparent  reason the man opposite suddenly  screamed .C1 [beforenoun ] seeming to exist or be true:There are one or two apparent discrepancies between thetwo reports.%he has this apparent innocence which& I suspect & she uses to her advantage.

3. comment (v)B2 to make a comment:y mum always comments on what I'm wearing .[+ that ] Hecommented that  the two essays were rather  similar .The official  refused  to/ declined  to comment onthe matter .

4.   EmphasisB2 the particular  importance or  attention that you give to something:I thin$  we should put as muchemphasis on  preventing  disease as we do on curing  it.%chools

here put  /  place / lay  great  emphasis on written wor$  and grammar .› the extra force that you give to aword or part of a word when you are saying it:The emphasis is on the final  syllable.#here doyou put  the emphasis in the word ' controversy ' ?

5.   llustrate

C1 to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly,especially by

giving examples:The lecturer  illustrated his point  with a diagram on

the blac$board .This latest  conflict  further  illustrates the wea$ness of the () .[+ question

word ] The e*hibition will illustrate how  life evolved  fromwater .

illustrate verb [T] (DRAW !"#$R%&'

B2 to draw pictures for a book, magaine, etc):a beautifully  illustrated boo$  + old  manuscript 

6.   mplyC2 to communicate an idea or feeling without saying it directly:[+ (that)]  ,re youimplying (that) I'm fat ?I'm not implying anything about your  coo$ing & but could we eat  out tonight ?I detected  an implied criticism of the way he was treated .as sth impliesC2 used to show thatthe name, etc) of something tells you something about it:-ariable rate loans& as the name implies&have a variable interest  rate.C2 FORMAL to involve something or make it necessary:%ocialismimplies equality .

7.   !ontributionB2 something that you contribute or do to help produce or achievesomething together withother people, or to help make something successful: ,ll contributions ! presents of  money  "&no matter  how  small & will be much appreciated .,ll contributions ! articles tobe  printed  " for  the school  magainemust be received  by / ,ugust .This invention madea maor  contribution to road  safety .%he didn't make much of  a contribution ! she did not say much" attoday's meeting & did she?

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8.   "eliability

B1 &omeone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or

it works or  behaves well in the way you expect:Is your  watch reliable?reliable information1ideon is

very reliable if he says he'll do something& he'll do it.

*pposite

unreliable

reliabilitynoun [U] $+  #r$%la$&'b$l.$.ti# $&  #&.ti#

9.   !ore

core noun (!*R#A-# AR#'

C2 [ or U ] the basic and most important part of something:The lac$  of  government  funding  is at

the core of the  problem.

core noun ("%-#R%'

C2 [! ] the hard central part of some fruits, such as apples,

whichcontains the seeds:3on't throw  your  apple core on the floor 4 › [! ] the centre of a planet:The

5arth's core is a hot & molten mi*  of iron and nic$el .›

 [!] "#!$AL$%#& 'hsis #he core of a nuclearreactor  (. a device in which atoms are changed to produce energy' is the place wherefission (.

the dividing of atoms' happens)› [! ] "#!$AL$%#& *eolo* a long, thin cylinder/shaped mass o

f material taken out of the %arth for study

10. !orrespond

correspond verb 0!1 (A#"2'

B2 to match or be similar  or  e3ual:The money  I've saved  corresponds roughly  to the amount  I need

for my  course.The ,merican 67I corresponds to the 7ritish I8 .His story  of

what  happened  that  night  didn't correspond with the witness's version.

correspond verb 0!1 (WR!#%'B2 to communicate by writing a letter  or sending an email:I've been

corresponding with several  e*perts in the field .

**. +educeC2 to reach an answer  or a decision by thinking carefully about theknown facts:#e cannot deducevery much from these figures.[+ that ] The police have deduced that  he musthave left  his apartment  yesterday  evening .

12. ,utcomeC1 a result or  effect of an action, situation, etc):It's too early to predict  the outcome of  the meeting .

13. +ominantC1 more important, strong, or noticeable than anything else of the same type:adominant military   power (nemployment will be a dominant  issue at thene*t election.› "#!$AL$%#& biolo* A dominant gene is one whichalwaysproduces a particular  characteristic in a person, plant, or animal:The gene for brown eyes isdominant.

14. -ucientB2 enough for a particular  purpose:This recipe should be sufficient for  five people.It was thought  thathe'd  committed  the crime but there wasn't sufficient evidence to convict  him.

15. /rame0or1› [! ] a supporting structure around which something can be builtC2 a system of  rules, ideas,or  beliefs that is used to plan or  decidesomething:a legal  framewor$ for  resolving  disputes

16. E2clude

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C1 to prevent someone or something from entering a place or taking part in an activity:#omen

are still e*cluded from the club.icrobes must& as far  as possible& be e*cluded from the room during

an operation.Tom has been e*cluded from school  ! he is not  allowed  to go toschool  " for bad  behaviour .C1 to intentionally not include something:The  price e*cludes local  ta*es.

17. PredictionB2 a statement about what you think will happen in the future:9lease don't  as$  me to make any predictions about  tomorrow'smeeting .[+ that ] )o one believed  her prediction that  the world  would end

on /2 )ovember .18. Attitude

attitude noun (*!-!*-'

B1 [! or U ] a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of  behaving that

is caused by this:It's often very  difficult  to change  people's attitudes.[+ that ] %he takes the

attitude that  children should be allowed  to learnat their  own pace.He has a

very bad  attitude to/towards wor$ .He seems to have undergone a change in/of  attitude recently & and

has become much more cooperative.I don't li$e your  attitude ! the way you are behaving  ".That  boy  has

a real  attitude problem ! behaves in a way that ma$es it difficult  for other people to have

a relationship with him or  wor$  with him".

attitude noun ("*-4!D%-"%'› [U ] !f you say that someone has attitude, you mean that they are

very confident and want people to notice them)

19. mplementation

B2 to start using a plan or system:The changes to the national  health system will be implemented

ne*t year .

implementationnoun [U] $+  #%$m.pl$.men'te$. &n# $& 

C2implementation of

the law  + agreement -arious proects for constructing  new  schools are under  implementation in the region.

20. "etain

C2 FORMAL to keep or continue to have something:%he has lost  her battle to retain control  of

the company .He managed  to retain his dignity  throughout  the  performance.%he succeeded  in retaining

her  lead  in the second half  of the race.I have a good  memory  and am able to

retain ! remember  " factseasily .› FORMAL !f a substance retains something, such as heat or  water ,

itcontinues to hold or  contain it:The sea retains the sun's warmth longer  than the land .

&ee also

retention

› "#!$AL$%#& law to get the services of a lawyer  by paying them before you need them21. Emer4e

emerge verb 0!1 (A%AR'

B2 to appear  by coming out of something or out from behind something:%he

emerged from the sea& blue with cold .› to come to the end of a difficult period or experience:The

9rince emerged  unscathed  from the scandal .

emerge verb 0!1 (5%"*% +-*W-'

C1 to become known, especially as a result of  examiningsomething or asking 3uestions about

it:The facts behind the scandal  are sure to emerge eventually .[+ that ] It  has

emerged that  secret  tal$s had been going on between the two companies before

the ta$eover  was announced .%he's the most e*citing  7ritish singer  to emerge on the pop scene fora decade.

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