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Presented by

Dr. Ashok ChandraWireless Adviser to the Govt. of India,Ministry of Communications & IT

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Radio Spectrum : A major resource

It is an important natural scarce resource

needed for all wireless applications.

Radio spectrum is always around us in theform of invisible waves.

Radio spectrum is used by countlesstechnologies that affect most aspects ofour lives.

If you pick up any newspaper, you will findan article somewhere relating to radiospectrum.

If it is not in the technology section it willalmost certainly be in the business section.

Today, radio spectrum has become a

significant contributor to national grossdomestic product (GDP). 2

RadioWaves

Radio Waves Applications

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According to a French jurist J.D. Bedin the

frequency spectrum is technology, industry,money, culture, and power

The RF spectrum is a multi-dimensional

concept.

Dimensions are:

Radio frequency

bandwidth,

time span,

geometrical volume, and

for space applications - a segment of the

satellite orbit.

There have been suggestions that other

quantities, such as polarization, are also its

dimensions.

Radio Spectrum : A major resource

There are numerous areas in which the

radio frequency spectrum is vital defence,

public safety, weather forecasts, disaster

warning, air-traffic control, and air

navigation are a few examples only.

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Radio Frequency Spectrum

4

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Why We need regulation

Radio frequency spectrum is a limited natural resource.

Radio frequency spectrum does not respect internationalgeographical boundaries as it is spread over a large terrestrial area.

Two important physical characteristics (natural principles) ofradiocommunications:

If two radio stations to effectively communicate, they must use thesame frequency; and

If two or more radio stations are operating at the same frequency,within the same geographical area, at the same time, stations aresusceptible to mutual interference which could reduce the quality ofthe communication or make it unintelligible.

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Limited portion of the radio frequency spectrum is useful for specifictelecommunication services:

Propagation characteristics of different types of radio waves.

Availability of technology and equipment for different types of radio frequencyspectrum applications.

The suitability of frequency bands for specific applications

Unlike other natural resources, radio frequency spectrum is not consumedupon its usage.

It is also liable to be wasted if it is not used optimally and efficiently.

Radio frequency spectrum usage is therefore to be shared amongst thevarious radio services and must be used efficiently, optimally andeconomically in conformity with the provisions of national and internationallaws


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The current spectrum allocation process operates at both a national andinternational level.

At international level, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), aspecialised agency of the United Nations, is responsible for spectrummanagement.

Broadly, international bodies tend to set out high level guidance whichnational bodies adhere to in setting more detailed policy.

International coordination is essential in some cases because the zones of

possible interference extend beyond national geographical boundaries andin other cases because users are inherently international, e.g. aviation.

At national level, each administration has its own regulating agency like

NTIA/FCC in USA, Ofcom in UK and WPC Wing in India.


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International Telecom Union ITU is the leading United Nations agency

for information and communicationtechnologies

Founded on 17 May 1865 as the

International Telegraph Union

It took its present name in 1934, and in

1947 became a specialized agency of the

United Nations.

191 Member States, 700 Sector Members

& Associates

750 staff / 70 nationalities

Annual budget = $140,000,000

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Member States

Sector Members

Associates

UN bodies

e.g. WMO, WHO

Regional/National

SDOs

e.g. ETSI, IEC

Regional FrequencyManagement

e.g. CEPT

Industry fora

e.g. WiMAX

191 Member States645 Sector Members

106 Associates

International Telecom Union

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ITU does:

International regulations and plans

Management of radio frequency

spectrum

Standards and recommendations

Assistance to developing countries

Key priorities

Radio spectrum

International standard

Emergency communications &

climate change

Digital divide

Cyber security

ITU works through Plenipotentiary conferences, Council, World conferences on

International Telecommunications and General Secretariat.

International Telecom Union

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ITU Overview

ITU

ITU-T

Telecommunication

standardization of

network and service

aspects

ITU-RRadiocommunication

standardization and

global radio spectrum

management

ITU-D

Assisting implementationand operation of

telecommunications in

developing countries

191 Member States

+700 Sector Members

Helping the World Communicate

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ITU Functions

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ITU-R is a standards body subcommittee of the ITU relating to radiocommunication.

Its role is to regulate the allocation of radio frequencies and to reduce theinterference between radio stations in various countries.

It also has responsibility for regulating orbital positions of satellitesrelating to radio communications.

The ITU-R plays a vital role in the management of the radio-frequencyspectrum and satellite orbits, finite natural resources which are

increasingly in demand from a large number of services and thosecommunication services that ensure safety of life on land, at sea and inthe skies.

Radiocommunication Sector(ITU-R)

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Slide 14

RadiocommunicationsBureau

Administers theRadio Regulations

(Table of Frequency

Allocations)

Radiocommunications

Assembly

(meeting of all Study Groups)

Study Groups

Guides SGtechnical work

Plans and approvestechnical work

(Recommendations)

Working Parties Task GroupsPerforms technicalwork and draftsRecommendations

(permanent)Performs technical workdrafts Recommendations

(highly urgent, short term)


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The tasks of Radio Communication Sector are:

To ensure rational, equitable, efficient use of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits

To register the frequency and orbital positions assignments

made by the Member States

To maintain the relevant master databases


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ITU-R Mission

To ensure rational, equitable,efficient and economical use of theradio-frequency spectrum by allradiocommunication services,including those using satelliteorbits, and to carry out studies andadopt recommendations onradiocommunication matters.

In implementing this mission, the actions inITU-R aim at creating the conditions forharmonized development and efficientoperation of existing and newradiocommunication systems, taking dueaccount of all parties concerned.

ITU-R functions conducted

through:

World and Regional

Radiocommunication

Conferences

Radiocommunication Study

Groups

Radio Regulations Board

Radiocommunication Bureau


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ITU-R Organisation

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ITU-R Function

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World Radio Conference (WRC)

Supreme body in worldwide management and regulation of the radiofrequency spectrum.

The body authorized to revise Radio Regulation.

Held normally every four years, based on the national studies and thework of Study Groups reports.

The ITU-R study Groups performs:

develop ITU-R Recommendations on the technical characteristics of andoperational procedures for radiocommunication services and systems

draft the technical bases for radiocommunication conferences

compile handbooks on spectrum management and emergingradiocommunication services and systems.

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World Radio Conference (WRC) Under the terms of the ITU Constitution, a WRC can:

revise the Radio Regulations and any associatedFrequency assignment and allotment Plans;

address any radiocommunication matter of worldwidecharacter;

instruct the Radio Regulation Board and the Radio

Communication Bureau, and review their activities;

determine Questions for study by the RA and its StudyGroups in preparation for future RadiocommunicationConferences

Th WRC C l

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CPM: Conference Preparatory Meeting

Rec: ITU-R Recommendation

RoP: Rules of ProcedureRR: Radio Regulations (treaty status)

WRC

SC and Study Groups:SG-1: Spectrum management

SG-3: Radiowave propagation

SG-4: Satellite services

SG-5: Terrestrial services

SG-6: Broadcasting service

SG-7: Science services

CPM-2

RRB: Radio Regulations Board

SGs: Radiocommunication Study Groups

SC: Special Committee (Regulat. & Procedural)

RA: Radiocommunication AssemblyWRC:World Radiocommunication Conference

Rec

RoP

Radiocommunication Bureau

Director RRB

Final

Acts

ITU Member States (including

Regional Groups, Informal Group)Revisions to RR,

Resolutions &

Recommendations

Technical

bases

NextWRC

Agenda

ITU

Council

CPM-1

RA

The WRC Cycle

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Radiocommunication Assembly Radiocommunication Assemblies (RA) are responsible for the structure,

programme and approval of radiocommunication studies.

Normally convened every three or four years.

The Radiocommunication Assembly 2012 was held from 16-20 January2012, immediately preceding WRC-12.

The Assemblies:

assign conference preparatory work and other questions to the Study Groups;

respond to other requests from ITU conferences;

suggest suitable topics for the agenda of future WRCs;

approve and issue ITU-R Recommendations and ITU-R Questions developed bythe Study Groups;

set the programme for Study Groups, and disband or establish Study Groupsaccording to need;

Appoint chairmen and vice-chairmen of the Study Groups;

Approve ITU-R Recommendations developed by the Study Groups.

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ITU-Radio Regulations (RR)

The Radio Regulations (treaty

status) incorporates the decisionsof the World Radiocommunication

Conferences, including all

Appendices, Resolutions,

Recommendations andITU-R Recommendations

incorporated by reference.

Recognised as an International

Treaty

Set a framework for the National

Regulatory Authorities to license

radio users

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Frequency block allocations to definedradio services (Article 5)

Definition of services (e.g. Fixed, Mobile-satellite)

Mandatory or voluntary regulatoryprocedures (coordination, planmodification, notification, recording) thatare adapted to the allocation structure

Technical constraints (Power limits etc.)

International registration /co-ordinationprocedures

ITU-Radio Regulations (RR)

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Specialists from telecommunication organizations and

administrations around the world participate in the work of the

Radiocommunication Sectors study groups.

ITU-R study groups:

develop ITU-R Recommendations on the technical characteristics of and

operational procedures for radiocommunication services and systems

draft the technical bases for radiocommunication conferences

compile handbooks on spectrum management and emerging

radiocommunication services and systems.

Study Groups

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Study Group 1 (SG 1) Spectrum

management

Study Group 3 (SG 3) Radio wavepropagation

Study Group 4 (SG 4) Satellite services

Study Group 5 (SG 5) TerrestrialServices

Study Group 6 (SG 6) Broadcastingservice

Study Group 7 (SG 7) Science services

Works:

>900 Recommendations

Standards in areas of

spectrum management andradio technology

Result of consensus from

meetings of world-wide

experts

Some referred to in RR

Used by spectrum planners

and system designers

During the meeting of RA held in October 2007, the Structure of ITU-R Study Groups

have been restructured as under:

Study Groups

Study Group Working Party

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Study Group Working Party

Study Group 1 (SG 1)

Spectrum management

Working Party 1A (WP 1A) Spectrum engineering techniques

Working Party 1B (WP 1B) Spectrum management methodologies and economic strategies

Working Party 1C (WP 1C) Spectrum monitoring


Radio Wave propagation

Working Party 3J (WP 3J) Propagation fundamentals

Working Party 3K (WP 3K) Point-to-area propagation

Working Party 3L (WP 3L) Ionospheric propagation and radio noiseWorking Party 3M (WP 3M) Point-to-point and Earth-space propagation


Satellite services

Working Party 4A (WP 4A) - Efficient orbit/spectrum utilization for FSS and BSS

Working Party 4B (WP 4B) - Systems, air interfaces, performance and availability objectives for FSS, BSS and

MSS, including IP-based applications and satellite news gathering

Working Party 4C (WP 4C) - Efficient orbit/spectrum utilization for MSS and RDSS


Terrestrial Services

Working Party 5A (WP 5A) - Land mobile service above 30 MHz*(excluding IMT); wireless access in the

fixed service; amateur and amateur-satellite servicesWorking Party 5B (WP 5B) - Maritime mobile service including Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

(GMDSS); aeronautical mobile service and radiodetermination service

Working Party 5C (WP 5C) - Fixed wireless systems; HF and other systems below 30 MHz in the fixed and

land mobile services

Working Party 5D (WP 5D) - IMT Systems

Joint Task Group 5-6 - Studies on the use of the band 790-862 MHz by mobile applications and by other

services

Study Group 6 (SG 6)Broadcasting service

Working Party 6A (WP 6A) - Terrestrial broadcasting deliveryWorking Party 6B (WP 6B) - Broadcast service assembly and access

Working Party 6C (WP 6C) - Programme production and quality assessment

Joint Task Group 5-6 - Studies on the use of the band 790-862 MHz by mobile applications and by other

services


Science services

Working Party 7A (WP 7A) Time signals and frequency standard emissions

Working Party 7B (WP 7B) Space Radiocommunication Applications

Working Party 7C (WP 7C) Remote Sensing Systems

Working Party 7D (WP 7D) Radio astronomy

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Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing

WPC Wing, created in 1952, functions as the national radio

regulatory nodal agency of the Government of India

The only National Authority for RF Spectrum Management.

Responsible for planning, regulating, and managing the limited

resources of Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum

Acts through the Indian Telegraph Act 1885 (ITA 1885) and theIndian Wireless Telegraphy Act 1933 (IWTA 1933).

National agency for all matters related to ITU-R sector and Asia-

Pacific Telecommunity (APT). 28

Wi l ss Pl i & C di ti Wi

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Assignment of frequencies for all wireless networks in the

country Government, Public and Private networks.

Interference and compatibility analysis for all new requirementswith existing and planned frequency usage.

Site clearance of all wireless installations in the country andrelated matters concerning the Standing Advisory Committee onRadio Frequency Allocations (SACFA)

Formulation of National Frequency Allocation Plans (NFAP),Frequency Channelling Plans, Standardisation of radio-communication equipment for spectrum management

Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing

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N ti n l Fr qu nc All c ti n Pl n

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The National Frequency Allocation Plan (NFAP) of India was evolved andmade effective from 01.01.2000.

NFAP is the basis for development, manufacturing and spectrumutilization activities in the country.

NFAP is reviewed periodically in line with the Radio Regulations of theInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU) in order to cater to newly

emerging technologies taking into account spectrum requirements of thegovernment/ private sector as well as to ensure equitable and optimumutilization of the scarce limited natural resource of radio frequencyspectrum.

The provisions of NFAP protect the existing assignments under their

existing status, unless and until it is decided to modify or relocate theseassignments.

All necessary technical, operational, regulatory and administrativemeasures are taken so as to avoid harmful interference.

National Frequency Allocation Plan


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The NFAP forms the basis for development and manufacturing of wireless equipment

and spectrum utilisation in the country

NFAP-2011 is released on 30 September 2011 made effective from 1 October 2011

some of the salient features of NFAP-2011 are:

in line with the decisions of World Radiocommunication Conference 2007 (WRC-07) of the

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) contained in Radio Regulations (Edition 2008)

It has been developed to cater to newly emerging technologies such as Ultra Wide Band

(UWB), Intelligent Transport System (ITS), Short Range Devices, etc

Efforts have been made to ensure equitable and optimum utilization of the scarce limited

natural resource of radio frequency spectrum.

It has enabled provisions in few frequency bands for indigenous development and

Manufacturing.

While developing the NFAP-2011 due care has been taken to ensure protection of existing

services.



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Section of NFAP

International Frequency Allocation Table

National Frequency Allocation Table

Footnotes to International Frequency Allocation Table

Remarks in the National Frequency Allocation Table

Channeling Plan



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MHz

3300 3600

NATIONAL ALLOCATION

INDIA REMARKS

3300 - 3400

RADIOLOCATION

FIXED

MOBILE

Amateur

5.149

IND 65

3400 - 3500

FIXED

FIXED-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth)

MOBILE except aeronautical mobile

Amateur

Radiolocation 5.433

5.282

IND 66

3500 - 3600

FIXED


MOBILE except aeronautical mobile 5.433A

Radiolocation 5.433

IND 66


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MHz3300 3600

NATIONAL ALLOCATION

INDIA REMARKS

3300 - 3400

RADIOLOCATION

FIXED

MOBILEAmateur

5.149

IND 65

3400 - 3500

FIXED



Amateur

Radiolocation 5.433

5.282

IND 66

3500 - 3600

FIXED



5.433A

Radiolocation 5.433

IND 66

Sub-frequency band

Frequency band for

national allocation

Primary Services

Secondary Services

International

Footnotes

National Footnotes


Todays Radio Spectrum Management

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Recent changes since the early 1990s

Technical advances have enabled the emergence of new

systems using radio networks (GSM, FWA, DVB-T, WiFi,

WiMax...)

These new systems are more complex and require more

resources (sites, frequencies, etc.) then previous services

Market deregulation has increased the number of playersand has made necessary the establishment of strong and

independent regulation authorities

Today s Radio Spectrum Management


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Consequently, new constraints have appeared : Limitations on resources such as Frequencies and sites, the use of

which must be optimized

The crowding of the spectrum is leading the Regulation Authorities

to share the bands between a larger number of services

There are several other challenges like interference Management,

international coordination, maintaining Technology Neutrality and

harmonisation etc., and to provide safeguard to the wireless based

public services and to draw the economic efficiency from thespectrum.



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The current approach to spectrum management is not capable todeal such challenges.

How the spectrum will be managed in future is not very much clearat the moment but to overcome these challenges, a new flexiblespectrum management is essentially required.

The flexible spectrum management means that spectrum can beaccessed on dynamic basis and to be free from technology specificrestrictions imposed by the traditional spectrum allocation.

In simple way, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) allowing the newuser (unlicensed) to access spectrum which has already beenallocated to another user (licensed).

Cognitive Radio technology is one solution of DSA.


Cognitive Radio

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Cognitive Radio

The term Cognitive Radio, was first introduced byJoseph Mitola in an article published in 1999

A radio system employing technology that allowsthe system to obtain knowledge of its operationaland geographical environment, established policiesand its internal state; to dynamically and

autonomously adjust its operational parameters andprotocols according to its obtained knowledge inorder to achieve predefined objectives; and to learnfrom the results obtained.

Cognitive Radio

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Key Features:

Maintains awareness of its operational and geographical environmentand its internal state

adjusts its operating parameters to meet requirements and goals

Learns from previous experiences to further improve its performance

Reasons on observations to adjust adaptation goals

Take future decision based on anticipated events

Collaborates with other devices to make decisions through collectiveobservations and knowledge

Cognitive Radio

Cognitive Radio

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Obtaining knowledge of theoperational radio and geographicalenvironment to detect the spectrumwhite space and also to exit as soonas possible when primary user

resume its communication.

Decision and adjustment i.e.selecting best suited frequencybands and adjust its operating

parameter dynamically according toobtained knowledge.

Learn from the past actions tofurther improve its performance.

Cognitive Radio

Cognitive Radio

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Cognitive radio requirements

co-exists with legacy wireless systems

uses their spectrum resources

does not interfere with them

Cognitive radio properties

RF technology that "listens" to huge swaths of spectrum

Knowledge of primary users spectrum usage as a function of

location and time Rules of sharing the available resources (time, frequency, space)

Embedded intelligence to determine optimal transmission(bandwidth, latency, QoS) based on primary users behavior

Cognitive Radio

A li ti S i

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Application Scenarios

Licensed network

Secondary markets

Third party access inlicensed networks

Unlicensed network

Cellular, PCS band

Improved spectrum

efficiency

Improved capacity

Public safety band

Voluntary agreementsbetween licensees and

third party

Limited QoS

TV bands (400-800 MHz)

Non-voluntary third

party access

Licensee sets a

protection threshold

Automatic frequency

coordination

Interoperability

Co-existence

ISM, UNII, Ad-hoc

SCC41 Working Group
http://www.hvac.cc/kidsandcomputers/kids/lessons/images/tv.gif

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SCC41 Working Group

IEEE 1900.1: Standard Definitions and Concepts for Spectrum

Management and Advanced Radio System TechnologiesIEEE 1900.2: Recommended Practice for Interference and

Coexistence Analysis

IEEE 1900.3: Standard for Assessing the Spectrum Access Behavior of

Radio Systems Employing Dynamic Spectrum Access Methods

IEEE 1900.4: Standard for Architectural building blocks enabling

network-device distributed decision making for optimized radioresource usage in heterogeneous wireless access Networks

IEEE 1900.4a: Standard for Architectural Building Blocks Enabling

Network-Device Distributed Decision Making for Optimized Radio

Resource Usage in Heterogeneous Wireless Access Networks

IEEE 1900.4.1: Standard for Interfaces and Protocols Enabling

Distributed Decision Making for Optimized Radio ResourceUsage in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

IEEE 1900.5: Standard on Policy Language and Policy Architectures

IEEE 1900.6: Standard on interfaces and data structures for

exchanging spectrum sensing information

C R d T R

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Cognitive Radio System in ITU-R

WP1B CPM text on WRC-12 agenda item 1.19

Draft WRC Resolution [A119-B2] for WRC-12 agendaitem 1.19

WP5AWorking document towards a draft new Report ITU-R

M.[LMS.CRS1]

Working document towards a draft new Report ITU-R

M.[LMS.CRS2]

WP5DPreliminary draft new Report ITU-R M.[IMT.CRS]

Hi t f CR i ITU R

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History of CR in ITU-R

Mar, 2006: Canada proposed Question for cognitive radio in ITU-RWP8A Characteristics, performance, application -> WP8A

Concept, frequency management, regulation -> WP1B

Sep, 2006: Question for cognitive radio (Q.241/5) was approved

WP8A technically studies CR, and WP1B studies regulatory issues.

Jun, 2007: Start drafting Report on CR@WP8A

Nov, 2007: Agenda item 1.19 (SDR and CR) @WRC-07

Nov, 2007: CPM (Conference Preparatory Meeting)

Responsible group: ITU-R WP1B

Jun, 2008: Start study in WP1B

Work on draft CPM text (definition, regulatory issues)

Jun, 2010: Finalize draft CPM text in WP1B

Jun, 2011: Finalize ITU-R Resolution in WP1B

Jan, 2012: RA-12

Jan-Feb, 2012: WRC-12

ITU R WRC 12 on CRS

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ITU-R WRC-12 on CRS

ITU R WRC 12 on CRS

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WRC 12 : Agenda Item No. 1.19

to consider regulatory measures and their relevance, in order to enable the introduction ofsoftware-defined radio and cognitive radio system, based on the result of ITU-R studies, inaccordance with Resolution 956(WRC-07).

RESOLUTION 956 (WRC-07):

Regulatory measures and their relevance to enable the introduction of software-

defined radio and cognitive radio systems

resolves to invite ITU-R

to study whether there is a need for regulatory measures related to theapplication of cognitive radio system technologies;

to study whether there is a need for regulatory measures related to theapplication of software-defined radio,

resolves further

that WRC-11 consider the results of these studies and take the appropriate actions.

ITU-R WRC-12 on CRS

Study structure for agenda item 1 19 (WRC 12)

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Study structure for agenda item 1.19 (WRC-12)

CPM Report

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CPM Report

Definition of Cognitive Radio System(as published in Report ITU-R SM.2152):

Cognitive radio system (CRS) is a radio system employingtechnology that allows the system to obtain knowledge ofits operational and geographical environment, establishedpolicies and its internal state; to dynamically andautonomously adjust its operational parameters and

protocols according to its obtained knowledge in order toachieve predefined objectives; and to learn from theresults obtained.

CPM Report

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In the case of LMS, CRS technologies may yield significantbenefits by providing increased spectral efficiency ofexisting spectrum and mitigate the problem of congestion

Common Concern within ITU-R

Potection of existing services from potential interference fromthe services implementing CRS technology, especially from thedynamic spectrum access capability of CRS.

Any system of a specific service using CRS in a frequency bandallocated to that service should be operated in accordancewith the provisions of the Radio Regulations andadministration rules.

CPM Report

CPM Report

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Deployment Scenarios:

Use of CRS technology to guide reconfiguration ofconnections between terminals and multiple radio systems

Use of CRS technology by an operator ofradiocommunication systems to improve the management ofits assigned spectrum resources

Use of CRS technology as an enabler of cooperative spectrum

access

Use of CRS technology as an enabler of opportunisticspectrum access

CPM Report

CPM Report

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CRS challenges and opportunities

Some concerns with respect to the use of the CRS technology todynamically access the spectrum for the band exclusively allocated toPassive services

Satellite operators in the EESS using passive sensors

Interference avoidance to FSS and BSS (detection of receive-onlyterminals and use of database)

Any use of CRS technologies for safety-of-life operations

The hidden node problem by fading and shadowing effects

A CRS station to obtain the proper authorization from the relevant Administrationprior to the use of the spectrum.

CPM Report

CPM Report

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CRS capabilities and their applicability to facilitate coexistence in shared

bands

spectrum sensing capability including collaborative and cooperativesensing;

positioning capability of the transmitters and receivers (geo- location);

access to information on the spectrum usage, local regulatoryrequirements and policies, e.g. through access to a database or access to alogical or physical cognitive pilot channel;

capabilities to adjust operational parameters based on the obtainedknowledge.

These capabilities of CRS may help improve coexistence amongstradiocommunication systems deployed under the current regulatoryregime

CPM Report

CPM Report

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Analysis of Result of Studies:

The implementation of CRS will have to be in accordance with the RadioRegulations and with national regulations.

Whether CRS technology is used as an enabler of cooperative spectrumaccess amongst system operators or of opportunistic spectrum access,

administrations issue the authorization for a station to use a radiofrequency.

Further studies required on CRS technology, addressing especiallydynamic and/or opportunistic spectrum access.

Regulatory implications for CRS:

No need for modification to the Radio Regulations

No change to the Radio Regulations and an ITU-R Resolution providingguidance for further studies on CRS

It is proposed to develop a Resolution calling for studies on CRS withspecial emphasis on sharing issues.

CPM Report

CRS in ITU R WP5A

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CRS in ITU-R WP5A

Report submitted in two parts;

ITU-R M.[LMS.CRS1]: Cognitive radio systems in the land

mobile service (Part 1) :

General description of cognitive radio systems , Technical features andcapabilities, Potential benefits, Technical Challenges and Deployment

scenarios

ITU-R M.[LMS.CRS2]: Cognitive radio systems in the land

mobile service (Part 2) :

Applications, Cognitive Radio systems operational techniques, Coexistence,

Technical consideration regarding the impact on spectrum use and Annexure

CRS in ITU R WP5D

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CRS in ITU-R WP5D

Report ITU-R M.[IMT.CRS]

Cognitive radio systems specific for IMT systems

describes mainly:

Scenarios of cognitive radio systems specific for IMT

systems, Determination of the IMT spectrum usage,

Description and impacts of cognitive radio systems

specific for IMT systems and Performance of IMTsystems with CRS capability

Scenarios of cognitive radio systems specific for

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Scenarios of cognitive radio systems specific forIMT systems

Upgrade of an existing radio interface or a network with a new radio interface

Scenario of cognitive radio systems in intra-operator

IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced

carrier 1 carrier 2 carrier 3 carrier 1 carrier 2 carrier 3

IMT-2000

Node BIMT-Advanced

Node B

IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced

carrier 1 carrier 2 carrier 4 carrier 1 carrier 2 carrier 3

Time 1

Time 2

IMT-Advanced

Scenarios of cognitive radio systems specific for

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In-band coverage/capacity improvement by relays

Self-configuration and self-optimization of femtocells

Multi-modes coexistence and simultaneous transmission

Scenarios of cognitive radio systems specific forIMT systems

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WRC -12 Decision w.r.to CRS

RESOLUTION 956 (WRC-07)

Regulatory measures and their relevance to enable the

introduction of software-defined radio and cognitive

radio systems

Decision:

SUPPRESSED (No further Study) considering that no need formodification to the Radio Regulations

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RECOMMENDATION COM6/1 (WRC-12): Deployment and use of

cognitive radio systems

Recognizinga) that any radio system implementing CRS technology needs to operate in

accordance with the provisions of the Radio Regulations;

b) that the use of CRS does not exempt administrations from theirobligations with regard to the protection of stations of otheradministrations operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations;

c) that CRSs are expected to provide flexibility and improved efficiency tooverall spectrum use,

recommends that administrations participate actively in the ITU-R studies conducted

under Resolution ITU-R 58, taking into account recognizing a) and b).

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Documents

AC_PPT