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ACOUSTICSA SOUNDCAREER
If you want acareer that mixespeople, scienceand engineering,then head to theworld of acoustics
2019
Produced by the Institute of Acoustics
Listening to the WorldSINCE 1970
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Acoustics – a sound career
Acoustics is involved in just about every aspect of our lives.‘Sound’ is a vital component to the quality of our lives, it is how we communicate and it gives us pleasure. ‘Noise’, on the other hand, can irritate us, makes us feel stressed and stops us sleeping. The World Health Organization says that excessive noise seriously harms human health and interferes with people’s daily activities at school, work, home and during
leisure time. It can cause adverse cardiovascular and psychophysiological effects, reduce performance
and provoke changes in social behaviour.
Make a differenceThe fascinating science of acoustics is about improving the quality of our lives and
making a positive difference to people. From enabling people to hear each other in busy
places, designing loudspeakers and microphones, working on speech recognition systems, liaising with
architects on the acoustics of theatres and auditoria, helping with the medical applications of ultrasonics, understanding the effects on whales and dolphins of the sound of human activity in the oceans, acoustics offers a diverse ways to make your contribution count.
We have created this guide to show you what a career in acoustics can offer you. If you want a career that is varied and challenging, and where you can make a positive and tangible difference to people’s lives, consider a career in acoustics.
It makes sound sense.
Allan ChesneyChief Executive, Institute of Acoustics
Careers in Acoustics 3
Welcome to the world of acoustics
04A career in acoustics offers challenges, excitement, flexibility and rewards
10A career that suits your skills
12
08
14
20
22
26
28
30
Career advancement
Apprenticeships
Build your own career
The inventiveness of noise and vibration engineers
Electroacoustics − sound equipment and systems design
Careers in audiology
Charlie’s inspiration
How the IOA supports student members
18Designing better products
19#ExploreAcoustics
Contacts
PublisherJuliet Loiselle
Editor:Nicky RogersEmail: [email protected]: 01778 391128
Advertising:Dennis Baylis MIOAEmail: [email protected]: 00 33 (0)5 62 70 99 25
Published and produced by:The Institute of AcousticsSilbury Court, 406 Silbury Boulevard, Milton Keynes,Buckinghamshire MK9 2AFTel: 0300 999 9675
Edited, designed and printed by:Warners Group Publications The MaltingsWest StreetBourneLincsPE10 9PH
Views expressed in Acoustics - a Sound Career are not necessarily the official view of the Institute, nor do individual contributions reflect the opinions of the Editor. While every care has been taken in the preparation of this journal, the publishers or the IOA cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of the information herein, or any consequence arising from them. Multiple copying of the contents or parts thereof without permission is in breach of copyright.
Permission is usually given upon written application to the Institute to copy illustrations or short extracts from the text or individual contributions, provided that the sources (and where appropriate the copyright) are acknowledged.
The Institute of Acoustics does not necessarily endorse the products or the claims made by the advertisers in Acoustics - a Sound Career or on literature inserted therein.
Contents
Produced by the Institute of Acoustics
change ‘irritates’ to ‘can irritate’(Noise, on the other hand, can irritate us...)
Many people think that acoustics is strictly musical orarchitectural in nature. While acoustics does include thestudy of musical instruments and architectural spaces, it
also covers a vast range of topics including noise control, SONARfor submarine navigation, ultrasounds for medical imaging,thermoacoustic refrigeration, seismology, bioacoustics andelectroacoustic communication. Something for every skill set!
The acousticians profiled on these pages come from very differentbackgrounds and took very different routes to the industry. Itdemonstrates the incredibly diverse nature of acoustics.
A career in acoustics offerschallenges, excitement,flexibility and rewardsAcoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of allmechanical waves in gases, liquids and solids, including vibration, sound,ultrasound and infrasound.
Why acoustics?
Beth Paxton, Apex Acoustics“I studied maths at university and after graduating I didn’thave a clue what career to go into. Before I got my currentjob I was working as a maths coach in a secondary school.My favourite course at university included a section on soundwaves, so I looked for related jobs and applied speculatively toseveral acoustics consultancies.
“I studied for the Institute of Acoustics’ graduate entryDiploma in Acoustics and Noise Control by distance learningduring my first year working as an acoustic consultant, whichmeant studying the course notes at home and attendingtutorials once or twice a month. I enjoyed the breadth ofmaterial that the course covered in a fairly short space of time.It gave a good overview of the different areas of acoustics aswell as covering the calculations, standards and guidance thatI use every day.
“Being numerate and comfortable usingequations is a must for working in
acoustics, but beyond that, mydegree covered lots of thingsthat are relevant to my workand understanding ofacoustics.
“The most usefultransferable skill I’vetaken from by job as amaths coach is practice atexplaining tricky concepts
clearly and patiently to peopleso being able to communicate
clearly is really important.”
James Stokes“When I left the University of Manchester with a Master’s Degreein physics and French, I knew I wanted to combine my love ofmusic and sound with something technical and applicable to mydegree − since I came across acoustics I haven’t looked back!
“Because of the inherent connection between music and acoustics,I have found that many of my workmates have previouslyworked or studied in live music, audio engineering or evenmusic performance – but because acoustics fits predominantlyinto the construction industry, other academic backgrounds inarchitecture, engineering or mathematics for example can be agreat starting point for a career in this field.
“I can certainly say that it is the variety of projects that keepsthings interesting for me – from multi-million pound concerthalls to soundproofing nightclubs, every project I’m involved withhas its own unique problems and limitations and the challengeof creating a successful, workable design is an ever-changing andexhilarating task. It is also extremely satisfying to visit a completedbuilding that you have helped to design.”
Saif Bunni“I have been a musician since I was very youngand have always been fascinated in how soundmoves all around us. So after studying sounddesign as an undergraduate, I decided toexpand my scientific knowledge about thesubject by pursuing a masters in acoustics atthe University of Salford. Since then, I have beenworking at WSP mainly measuring and assessingvibration caused by trains, machines or people for majorenvironmental projects around the UK and in Europe.
“I enjoy both the practical and technical aspects of this field andI am fascinated by how vibration turns into noise and how it canaffect people and buildings − especially in congested cities.”
Dan Rowe“I really enjoy the breadth and depth of subjects that a career inacoustic engineering has allowed me to explore. In my field ofunderwater acoustics, acoustic engineering bridges the subjects ofmechanical, electrical, fluid dynamics and materials engineeringand never fails to throw up a diverse range of interesting problemsto solve. It encourages you to have an open mind and thinkoutside the box. There are not many industries where one day youcan be working on cutting edge science and R&D with universitiesand other industrial collaborators, then soon after, get your handsdirty testing the final system that your developed technology hasfed into.”
Careers in Acoustics4
George Taylor“I have been working with Mason UK formore than three years now and in thattime, I have worked on a wide varietyof projects. Being in the supply sectorof noise and vibration control is reallyexciting, not only for being responsiblefor the end product, whether it is a smallceiling hanger or a large structural bearing,but also for being actively involved in designdiscussions with architects, consultants and engineers. This quiteoften involves having to overcome complex issues that are commonin the acoustic isolation sector, which makes it all the more satisfyingwhen the solution is created.”
Tom Galikowski“I first became interested in acousticswhile studying HND Audio and VideoSystems at University of Salford. In myteenage years I was fortunate to workin Polish Radio and was fascinatedwith recording studios and audioequipment used in the process of makingprogrammes, so I decided to pursue acareer in audio production.
“However, life quickly confirmed my talent (or lack thereof) andI realised a career in recording studios was not for me. Luckily,one of the modules, Acoustic Principles, turned the topic into themost interesting story. It was an introduction to basics of acousticbuilding design and included examples from BBC and Granadastudios. I was hooked.
“I liked the combination of sound, engineering and architecture.Following completion of my HND course I studied for a Bachelor’sdegree in Acoustics in Salford. I completed my student placementwith Bickerdike Allen Partners (BAP) the company I have beenwith ever since, and graduated in 2010.
“While working at BAP I became interested in vibration controland pursued a Master’s degree in Structural Engineering atSouth Bank University. This allowed me to work on someinteresting projects including the British Museum extensionand the Royal Opera House refurbishment.
“What I like about acoustics is the blend of science, engineeringand creativity. I enjoy combining research, gadgets and creativethinking to solve problems presented by acoustic phenomena(such as structure-borne noise or ways of protecting delicateobjects from damage).”
Taylor Cooper“I went to university knowing exactlywhat I wanted to do. I enjoyed learning,I studied hard and got good grades.Like all young, new graduates I wasexcited to start my career and utilisemy degree, which was in psychology,sociology and child development.
“You read that correctly. I am an acousticengineer, and I have a degree in psychology. So just because yougo to university knowing exactly what you want to do doesn’tmean you know exactly what you will end up doing!
“I started working in acoustics purely by accident. I moved fromthe USA to England in 2012 and I ended up at a small acousticscompany who took a chance on an American psychology majorthat didn’t even know that this industry existed.
“What I enjoy most about working in acoustics is being involvedin multi-disciplinary projects. Acoustics is just one aspect of anew or changing infrastructure and, I really like working withother specialists to help create the best possible outcome.
“Being an acoustic engineer means undertaking surveys,computer modelling and reports, but having an unconventionaldegree has actually helped me branch out in my role as well. I amproject manager for several bespoke acoustics projects, whichmeans I am responsible for budgets, deliverables and everythingbehind the scenes. Every project in acoustics, whether it’s from atechnical perspective or a project management perspective, hasnew goals to achieve and new challenges to overcome!”
Andy Parkin“I have a very musical background and have always loved physics;acoustics is the physics of sound so they go well together.
“I took maths and physics at A Level and when I was lookingat universities (1993) the main places to study acoustics wereSalford and Southampton. Salford had a reputation for beingaudio-based and being a northern musician and hi fi enthusiast,Salford seemed the most appropriate choice for me.
“The Salford course included lectures on maths, electronics,acoustics theory, acoustics research, audio design and lots ofpracticals in laboratories and in the field.
“On graduation (BEng with Honours in Electroacoustics) Iworked for R W Gregory in Birmingham, where I was thesole acoustician in a 200-strong building services consultancy.Noise surveys are the staple of any acoustician’s life and everyproject requires a survey, this may involve sitting in a carovernight with a sound level meter on a tripod next to the car,taking reverberation time measurements in a performance hall,measuring speech intelligibility of PA systems in airports andfootball stadia etc, in order to carry out calculations, modellingand reports.
“In 2010 I joined Cundall to set up an acoustics team for them.
“Acoustics is one of the most diverse and rewarding careersI could have imagined. Having the opportunity to positivelyinfluence people’s lives and the built environment, where no twodays are the same – what’s not to like?”
Rob Bungay“I chose acoustic engineering as a career because of my interest inthe work it requires and the good employment prospects − thereare far fewer acoustic engineers than in the older engineeringdisciplines such as civil and mechanical engineering.
“My work is extremely varied and as it involves my personal interestin music, along with the broad thinking required to completework, my career is very rewarding. For example, I recently workedon a multi-bed intensive care ward where patients and visitorswere complaining about the intrusive noise made by the alarmsfrom bedside monitors. To understand and try to reduce thesecauses of complaints, among other things I installed sound levelmeters throughout the room to record noise levels during theday and night, and used acoustic models of the space to assesschanges within the room. After analysis, I could offer variousrecommendations to rectify the issue − all distinctly individual fromeach other, as acoustics can be affected by nearly everything!”
Careers in Acoustics 5
‘Acoustics is one of the mostdiverse and rewarding careersI could have imagined.’
Where acoustics can take youLoudspeaker designer, Chris Spear“Loudspeaker design is a dark magic to most people. Very fewfully understand the science behind the scenes, but everybody can
enjoy what pours out of a well-designed system.People these days want nothing but the best;
the most minute details revealed, theeffortless recreation of their favouriteinstrument passage, bringing filmsto life with more precision and scalethan the largest of cinemas − allfrom products smaller and moresophisticated than ever imagined.
“Loudspeaker design means working onthe cutting edge of acoustics, electronics and
digital signal processing to bring people’s thrills to life, and that’swhat makes it such a rewarding career.”
Claire Parsons fromWestminster City Council“Local authorities offer opportunities in environmental acousticsin roles such as environmental health officers or scientific officers.The work is varied and interesting and provides a good mix ofoffice and site-based work.
“No two days are the same as it’s impossible to predict whatthe next case might bring. The work could range frominvestigating complaints about noise from loud house parties,assisting construction site developers with managing theirenvironmental impacts or providing comments on a planningapplication to ensure the development is in a suitable locationfrom a noise perspective.
“Other tasks can include monitoring noise from large concertevents, or providing advice on new roads or railway lines. Manyofficers will attend court or planning inquiries to provide evidencein the cases they are dealing with. The work includes a broad mixof people, technical and legal skills.
“There are various routes to get into local authority noisework and these include undertaking an environmental healthqualification such as a degree in environmental health or aregulatory compliance officer apprenticeship, or by workingas an environmental enforcement officer or equivalent. Manylocal authority noise officers undertake specific qualificationsin noise and acoustics such as the IOA Diploma in Acousticsand Noise Control or the IOA Certificate in EnvironmentalNoise Measurement.
“Career opportunities include progressing within localgovernment to senior officer or team leader and beyond,or moving to other sectors such as academia orenvironmental consultancy.”
Career that sounds just rightFor some, acoustics wasn’t the first choice of career.There are many scientific disciplines that lead inthat direction though that wouldn’t immediatelyspring to mind, such as geography. Acousticconsultant, Sarah Whydle, explainsher route:
SarahWhydle“I’m a principal acoustic consultant andcame to acoustics through a bit of anunusual route, I studied geography at theUniversity of Leeds and then joined a smallenvironmental consultancy to support WSPundertaking the environmental monitoringon the Olympic Park during its construction.
“I tried my hand at dust and ground and surfacewater monitoring but it was noise and vibration that took my fancy.WSP offered me a job following completion of the Olympic Parkcontract, and I went on to study for the IOA Diploma in Acoustics andNoise Control, which was fantastic and really well-suited to developingmy career in acoustic consultancy.
“I sometimes wonder how I ended up in the niche world of acoustics,but it’s an exciting place to be especially if you are a creative thinkerwith good communication skills, enjoy working outside (there’salways a survey to do), an opportunity to work on big place-changingprojects (e.g. the Shard, HS2, Crossrail), and collaborating withothers in a design team to find a solution that makes a building have acomfortable acoustic character that sounds just right.”
Ellen HarrisonWhen thinking about what to study atuniversity, Ellen Harrison, now principalacoustic consultant at WSP, took inspirationfrom a simple diagram like the one onpage 7 and says that it was instrumental inher choosing to follow a career in acoustics:
“A similar image was given to me as apotential student at an open day at SouthamptonUniversity and it illustrated the wide range of careeroptions available to me, if I decided to study acousticalengineering at university.
“I was originally drawn to engineering when studying maths andphysics at school, because I enjoyed the problem-solving nature ofthe work. I wasn’t sure which career to follow at first, but the open dayreally sparked my interest and the wheel demonstrated the range ofcareer possibilities available to me.
“I’ve been working in architectural acoustics at WSP, amulti-disciplinary engineering consultancy for nearly 10 yearsnow and I love my career. I have worked on a large variety of projectsincluding hospitals, schools and residential developments, helpingto assess and control sound and vibration, to provide acousticallycomfortable environments for staff, patients and residents. I wouldhighly recommend considering acoustics as a career!”
Why acoustics?
Careers in Acoustics6
‘No two days are the same asit’s impossible to predict whatthe next case might bring.’
GATEWAYSOF
ACOUSTICS
PHYSICA
L RESEARCH
AND TEACHING
ARTS
LIFESCIENCES
EARTH
SCIENCESENGINE
ERING
Musical Acoustics
Architectural Acoustics
Electronic Music
Musical Instrumentation
Studio Engineering
Speech Therapy
Psychological Acoustics
Medical Ultrasonics
Audiology
Environmental Health (Noise)
Bioacoustics
Geophysics
SiesmologyOceanography
Fluid Dynamics
Civil Engineering
Signal Processing& Communications
Mechanical &Vibration Engineering
Audio-Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Material Technology
Solid & Liquid State,Ultrasonic research
TheoreticalAcoustics
Noise & Vibrations
Higher Education Teaching
Secondary School Teaching
The future of acousticsAs we have shown, acoustics is an industryoccupied by people from a range of educationalbackgrounds including physics, architecture,engineering, environmental science andmusic. This means that it attracts a vast rangeof interesting people, from bedroom DJs toenvironmentalists, from DIY coders to festivalorganisers. Robert Marriner, acoustic engineer atWSP continues:
Acoustics is an industry that continuously looks outside of its ownfield for solutions and inspiration, constantly seeing acoustics asan integrated part of each project and of society. That, in turn,helps us to find creative solutions for our clients and to design aworld that is ready for the future.
Climate change and specifically, the actions that societies need totake to reverse it, will change the way we all live. However, thoseactions are also set to change the way we think about sound,particularly in urban environments. With a move away fromprivate cars, towards walking, cycling and public transport, andthe electrification of the remaining road vehicles, town centreshave the potential to become a lot quieter than we are used to atthe moment. If we’re designing buildings based on today’s noiselevels, could they have eerily quiet interiors in the future? Couldapartments that aren’t allowed balconies because today’s noiselevels are too high, be missing out on sought-after private amenityspace further down the line?
Drone noiseOf course, that’s ignoring other theories which say that thingswill get louder, not quieter, because everything will bedelivered by drone. Companies interested in using dronesare already researching the impact they could have, anddeveloping their expertise.
Drones are already being used, not just by internet giants, butalso by engineers, to survey large swathes of land, some evenusing artificial intelligence to identify certain geological featuresor the condition of man-made structures. Similar applicationscould be found in acoustics, but there’s one big problem as far asnoise measurements are concerned − they’re just too noisy... atleast for now.
Technological advancesBut drones are just one piece of the 21st century technology jigsaw.Back in the office, computer processing power is already openingup opportunities for running bigger, better and more complexnoise models simultaneously, as well as improving the accuracy ofour work. Technology helps us to design buildings that are resilientto vibration and can be built over rail lines, and even paving theway for virtual reality applications which are revolutionising theway we talk about acoustics to clients, designers and the public.
Being such a niche industry, this technology won’t arriveovernight. A lot of software development is done in-house by thepeople who use it, because it’s too small a market for big softwaredevelopers to target. That means users get what they want, andthere’s a huge potential for creatively-minded acousticians whocan weave a solid understanding of acoustic theory with existingsoftware and emerging technologies.
Inspiration and innovationTechnology and environmental sustainability are set to change thesound environment in which we live, and the creative acousticianof the future will simultaneously embrace these as sources ofsocietal change and tools of the trade.
The future of acoustics promises exciting challenges that willinspire people with a wide range of skills to think creativelyand generate innovative solutions. Who knows – you may haveacoustics-related skills that our field hasn’t even begun to lookfor yet.
Careers in Acoustics 7
A coustics, sound and vibration arebecoming more prevalent in many areasof our lives, the impact of which is being
seen in how it is discussed both in the media andin professional circles. Our understanding of theimpacts of good acoustic design, particularly inrespect to health and wellbeing, are better thanthey have ever been. As a result, the industrycurrently faces a long-term challenge of offeringexpertise to this growing need, and the AcousticsApprentice Trailblazer Group hopes that thisscheme is a positive step in realising a sustainableresponse to the challenge.
What is an apprenticeshipAn apprenticeship is a real job, with realexperience, a salary and most importantly achance to train while you work. You are treatedlike anyone else in an employer’s organisation.Key to this approach is complimentary experienceand education, enabling apprentices to put intopractice what they learn and, in turn, learn fromtheir experiences.
The Trailblazer Group, formed of representativesfrom industry, have taken care to establish an
apprenticeship standard that seeks to includethe vast array of different professional streamsincluded in acoustics. The standard andsubsequent assessment plan, developed inconjunction with the IOA, aims to establish acourse which will form a robust foundation forapprentices to apply acoustic principles to theirday-to-day work.
How it worksAn apprentice is an employee, and willbe expected to contribute to the servicesprovided by an employing organisation, whilstsimultaneously spending at least 20% of theirtime in off the job training, typically at a collegeor similar place. Over the course of two-years,the apprentice will be expected to compilea portfolio of work to demonstrate a widerange of learning, producing a project report,culminating in a presentation of the projectand discussion of the portfolio with an approvedpanel of judges. In doing so, the apprenticewill be equipped with the tools to achievetechnical excellence in their chosen field, allthe while having built a solid foundation ofactual work experiences.
We are delighted to announce that approval has been received for the AcousticsTechnician Apprenticeship, representing a fresh approach in introducing new peopleto the acoustics industry.
Acoustics technician
Careers in Acoustics8
Our understanding of theimpacts of good acousticdesign, particularly inrespect to health and
wellbeing, are better thanthey have ever beenAcoustics technician
apprenticeship readyto make some noise!
What’s in itfor you?The apprenticeship will provideformal training and experience,culminating in the award ofa qualification to take theapprentice forward to a formaldegree, degree apprenticeship orother alternative employer basedtraining routes. The apprenticewill also have the opportunity toapply for TechIOA status with theInstitute of Acoustics and EngTechaccreditation with the EngineeringCouncil. Above all, the apprenticewill have compiled a portfolio ofactual experience in the acousticsindustry, valuable for both themand their employer.
The apprenticeship is expected tobe ready in time for the September2020 intake. Launch events will betaking place in the meantime.
Your next stepIf you know anybody who would be interested in a career in acoustics, please contact [email protected] or visitwww.instituteforapprenticeships.org/apprenticeship-standards/acoustics-technician/
www.masonuk.co.uk+44 (0)1252 716610 [email protected] 6 Abbey Business Park, Monks Walk, Farnham, Surrey GU9 8HT
ABOUT MASONA world leader in noise & vibration control products for over fifty years setting the standard for consultants & architects.In addition to a complete range of mounts, our floating floors, walls & suspended ceilings provide total acoustic isolation.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS:• Music Rooms • Night Clubs • Plant Rooms • Recording Studios • Bowling Alleys • Building Isolation
• Cinemas • Gymansia • Microscopes • M+E Isolation • Suspended Ceilings • Industrial
Problems with acoustics are very often the resultof ground and structure borne sources travellingthrough a structure and manifesting themselves asnoise. This could be as a result of plant equipmentand associated pipework, loud audible sources,impact from leisure activities or nearby railwaysources. Mason UK has decades of experienceof working with the acoustic consultant to resolvethese and many other engineering problems.
Royal Opera House Linbury refurbishment project
Building core isolation against tube vibration, London
Vacuum system isolation, Ford Research Centre
The key is to separate the noisy structure or vibrationsource by means of isolating plant equipment andservices, floating box-in-box structure or full buildingisolation. Choosing the correct isolator to separate andsupport and separate can have a significant effect onisolation performance, lifespan and cost to the client.We are always happy to work with the design team tosupport a project and reach the most efficient solution.We have a broad range of expertise and can help withnot only the acoustic but structural and architecturalchallenges as well as supporting the contractor on site.
Carrying out the work on site is one of the mostimportant aspects. A good design can be easilycompromised by poor installation or a lack of careby other trades. We take pride in taking a projectfrom initial sketches to successful completion.Designing a solution is only part of our work,experience shows the importance of providing goodadvice to all involved on a project.
The success of projects shown on this page aretypical of how Mason UK are able to not onlyprovide high quality acoustic solutions, but alsoable to assist in the design and installation ofcomplex, bespoke arrangements.
MASON UK LTDVibration Control Products& Acoustic Floor Systems
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A coustics is all around you − in the voicesof your friends and family, in the musicyou listen to and in the car you drive.
Everywhere.
Professional acousticians work in a huge varietyof fields – from the design of a recording studioor smart phone audio apps to environmental andworkplace noise measurement and control, and fromthe assessment of wind farm nuisance to car and jetengine design, to name just a few.
Flexible entry requirementsTo work as a recording engineer, higher educationqualifications are increasingly expected. If youhave, or expect to get, A Levels or an equivalentqualification, such as a BTEC Level 3 National in arelevant subject, you could apply for a degree course.Some courses may require certain A Level subjectssuch as maths, science or music. For the Tonmeister1sandwich degree in music and sound recording atthe University of Surrey, normally you need highA Level grades in maths, music and physics and agrade 7 standard in musical performance is desirable.
There are relevant HNC/D and foundation degreecourses. These are work-related programmes thatnormally take two years full time or longer on apart-time basis. Joint Audio Media EducationSupport (JAMES) accredits relevant courses ataround 25 universities and colleges on behalfof organisations such as the Association ofProfessional Recording Services (APRS), MusicProducers Guild (MPG), UK Screen Association,Music Managers’ Forum (MMF) and PLASA (amembership body for suppliers of technologiesand services to the industry).
Acoustic degreesFor a place on the Southampton AcousticalEngineering courses (and the Acoustics with Musicdegree course also available at Southampton) you’llneed A grades in maths and physics at A Level.
(While there is a lesser entry requirement at Salford(grade C in A Level maths), the mathematicalcontent of their course is equally demanding.)
While graduates from these courses often havesuccessful careers in acoustics-related consultancy,it is possible to practice as an acoustics consultantwithout needing the level of maths required onthese courses.
The IOA Diploma inAcoustics and NoiseControlThose with a degree in engineering or sciencealready can do a postgraduate degree programmein acoustics or study for the Institute of Acoustics’(IOA) Diploma in Acoustics and Noise Control.This requires completion of four modules(general principles of acoustics, laboratory andtwo specialisms chosen from building acoustics,environmental noise, regulation and assessment ofnoise and noise and vibration control engineering)and a project. This is the internationally-leadingspecialist qualification for the professionalpractitioner in acoustics. In the UK, successfulcompletion of Diploma modules is recognised bythe Universities of Derby, Leeds Beckett, LondonSouth Bank and Solent for advanced standingtowards their acoustically-related MSc courses.
Diploma candidates study the Diploma programmeeither through part-time study (typically throughday-release) at an IOA-accredited highereducation institution (HEI) or through tutoreddistance learning (DL) depending on individualcircumstances. The pattern of study over theyear is similar to that of the day-release programmeused by many accredited centres. However,DL candidates are required to attend four daysof laboratory schools.
Although the normal entry requirement tothe IOA Diploma is a relevant degree, the IOAaims for the Diploma to be as accessible aspossible and accepts entrants with little morethan GCSE-equivalent mathematics and physics,supported by relevant professional experience.In this regard, its entrance requirements aremore flexible than those for the courses atSalford and Southampton.
A career that suitsyour skillsThe specialist field of acoustics mixes people, science and engineering;it impacts everyone’s lives, health and wellbeing. It makes a differenceto society and how we live so if you’re looking for a fascinating careerin which you can exploit your maths and science skills then you shouldexplore the diverse world of acoustics.
Qualifications to study
Careers in Acoustics10
‘Acoustics isall around you!’
You could be assessing windfarm nuisance...
...or measuring workplacenoise
Careers in Acoustics 11
AMoodle-based online classroom on theIOA website gives distance learning candidatesaccess to the resources that normally, would beavailable only to Centre-based candidates throughtheir HEI library, and enables them to join thetutorials online.
STEM AmbassadorshipBeing an acoustician also gives you plenty of waysto get involved in encouraging more young peopleinto the industry.
Teachers and students are really keen to talk toindustry professionals that work in STEM (Science,Technology, Engineering and Maths) careers. Thiscan result in acousticians being involved in a widevariety of activities from mentoring and tutoringthrough to careers and science fairs and schooltalks and workshops.
The largest organisation that supports individualsthat volunteer in school is STEM Learning, theowners of the STEM Ambassadors programme.It is also possible to volunteer through yourlocal education business partnership and otherorganisations, such as the Royal Institution. Youcould even contact your old school, your children’sschool or the nearest school and offer to help.
Not only is working with young people veryrewarding and enjoyable, it can also give yousome new opportunities to develop presentationand networking skills. Given the shortage ofprofessionals in the industry, the organisation thatyou work for may be willing to offer you some timeto volunteer.
The IOA has a STEM committee that promotes andorganises these activities in the acoustics industry.
Reference: 1 A tonmeister is a person who creates recordings or broadcasts of music who is both deeply musicallytrained (in ‘classical’ and non-classical genres) and also who has a detailed theoretical and practical knowledge ofvirtually all aspects of sound recording, music mixing and mastering.
Ross Latue“An avid passion for music and science led me to inthe direction of acoustics as a potential career.
“I first heard about the post graduate IOADiploma through careers discussions with mycourse leader after doing a variety of acousticsmodules at university. The IOA course is excellentat equipping its students with the necessary skillsneeded to work as a consultant; each and every dayworking within acoustics I apply the knowledge, skillsand experience that I gained on the course. The course isparticularly good at covering key information about current legislation andguidance – which we constantly refer to as acousticians.
“Just one year into my career and I have been involved in a vast range ofprojects, from providing suitable mitigation for noise impacting upon a smallbarn conversion to providing acoustic design advice for a new universitybuilding. A cliché but very true, no two projects are ever the same!”
Qualities you’ll need for a careerin acoustics
• An aptitude for maths and science• Creativity in your approach tosolving problems
• Curiosity about music, speechand other sounds and how they work
• Good written and verbal skills.
Phil Hainsworth“Although my undergraduate degree specialisedmore in audio system electronics for live events,it was the modules in room acoustics and noisecontrol that I found the most interesting.
“During my final year of university, I attended theIOA ‘Art of Being a Consultant’ conference, whichencouraged me to pursue a career as an acousticconsultant. So following my undergraduate degree, Istudied the IOA post graduate Diploma in Acoustics andNoise Control at the University of Derby.
“The IOA Diploma gave me all the theoretical background in acoustics andvibration needed for a career in acoustic consultancy, including some of myfirst practical acoustic measurement experience in the laboratory module.
“The IOA Diploma also counted toward the taught element of the Universityof Derby MSc in Applied Acoustics, which has set me on the standard routeto chartership with the IOA. I thoroughly enjoy my career as a senioracoustician at Atkins, having worked on some of the most exciting largeinfrastructure projects in the UK and Middle East, and attribute a large partof my underlying theoretical acoustics knowledge to the quality and contentof the IOA Diploma.”
T hrough the IOA Engineering Division,suitably qualified and experiencedengineers may gain this internationally-
recognised award. For Chartered Engineer(CEng) and Incorporated Engineer (IEng)registration, there are two routes:
• The standard route for those holding anaccredited engineering degree; and
• The individual route for those holdingdegrees in related subjects such as physics,or unaccredited engineering degree, orwho are submitting work experience inlieu of qualifications.
Because of the nature of the acousticalengineering profession, the Institute recognisesthat some members seeking CEng or IEngregistration will need guidance and assistancein developing the evidence to demonstratethat they satisfy both the educational and theprofessional development requirements. If youneed advice or more information, email the IOAat [email protected]
Step upWhether you are an engineering apprentice,studying engineering at college oruniversity, or recently graduated,professional registration will be animportant future step on your careerladder.
The first stage in becomingregistered is to join a professionalengineering institution suchas the IOA. There are manyadvantages to joining while stillstudying, and these institutionsoffer resources that might helpyou in your studies, such aslibraries, journals, specialistinterest groups, networkingopportunities and careers advice.
Professionally registered status shows employers thatyou have (and are) committed to maintaining andenhancing the knowledge, skills and competencerequired to meet the engineering and technologicalneeds of today. The prestige of your title will improveyour CV and may lead to wider employment options,career progression and promotion.
Professional registration also shows employers, peersand the pubic that you have spent a number of yearsdeveloping your skills, knowledge and understandingin your field and have clearly demonstrated yourcompetence and commitment.
Upgrading your careerwith EngineeringCouncil registrationThe IOA is licensed by the Engineering Council to register membersas professional engineers.
Professional qualifications
Careers in Acoustics12
ACOUSTICSBULLET IN
in this issue...TheWoolly Shepherdwins the first ever
IOA Sustainable DesignAward
plus... • WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for theEuropean Region 2018, what they mean for the UK
• Update on the uses and abuses of sound powerdeterminations in noise impact assessments
• Specifying CE marked noise barriers• How do we judge voices?
Volume 44 No 3 May/June 2019
cover.indd 1 02/05/2019 12:13
Careers in Acoustics 13
Will KerrHaving excelled in maths and music at school, Will Kerr felt that he was ina prime position to start a career in acoustics by studying at the ISVR atthe University of Southampton. Fast forward four years, including asummer placement at Hoare Lea and collection of MEng in AcousticalEngineering, Will was offered a graduate position at Mott MacDonaldand he has worked there ever since as part of their acoustics team.
He has worked on major road and rail infrastructure schemes −gaining valuable experience in environmental noise. His most notablecontributions have included improving efficiencies in modelling, andpresenting a paper on the subject in Japan.
Will said: “It took me a while to understand how to present my evidence for my CEng qualification,but fortunately, I had some great support.
“I would say to anyone going through the CEng process that they should make sure they have amentor who understands exactly what is needed to present the evidence to demonstrate that theysatisfy the educational and professional development requirements.”
Because CEng registration is a recognised standard across allengineering disciplines, qualification had been a goal of hers for afew years and she was encouraged by her employer.
Rachel said: “I started preparing evidence for CEng registrationa few years ago, I have always been encouraged to keep a CPDrecord at work, and it is also a requirement of IOA membership,so this was the most straightforward piece of evidence to compile.
“I also had to provide an initial professional development report,which expanded the relevant areas of my MSc studies and CPDwhilst at work.
“I found that writing the professional review interview (PRI)report took the most time − selecting a variety of projects tocover the different UK SPEC criteria, describing them in therequired way, it took considerable time and numerous revisions.
“I was supported by the IOA through the process, they reviewedmy evidence and provided feedback until they felt it was suitablefor submission. Finding time to compile and revise all theevidence and prepare for the interview, along with work andfamily life, proved challenging.
“The interview mainly focused on the PRI report and I was askedquestions to clarify my statements, expand on them, and to makesure that all the relevant criteria had been covered. I was alsogiven the opportunity to discuss CPD and other aspects of work Iam involved in, such as STEM outreach.
“The IOA was especially helpful in arranging an interview sothat I had the opportunity to complete the process before myown personal deadline − I was due to have a baby at the endof January! I was very glad of this otherwise I would have hadto postpone and re-visit the application after 12 months ofmaternity leave.”
Looking to the future, she said: “I hope that being chartered willprovide extra confidence in my work to clients and my employer.This will be especially important when bidding for new projects.
“It will also be a welcome boost to my confidence when I returnto work after maternity leave.
“CEng registration has not necessarily always been ‘expected’of acoustic consultants as much as it is of other engineeringdisciplines, however, I think this is starting to change.”
Rachel BennettRachel studied for her BSc (Hons) in MusicTechnology & Audio Systems at the Universityof Huddersfield, and completed her MSc inEnvironmental Acoustics at the University of
Salford, in 2011.
More Engineering Council information www.engc.org.uk
The older members, who started their careers when acousticswas not really a ‘thing’, were originally electronic engineerswith a mechanical bias, who were designated by theiremployers to take on the responsibility of doing noise andvibration measurements, as no-one else could or would do it!
This led to one member ending up having a successful careerin instrument sales, another spearheading the development ofnew acoustic measurement products and another, heading upan instrumentation company.
Younger members have more commonly come from a localauthority, or an acoustics education and now are involved ininstrumentation development, sales and standardisation, witha strong focus on applications.
Take your pickThe beauty of acoustics is that it covers many fields, whichcan include automotive, aerospace, electroacoustics, R&D,environmental, telecom, etc and while there are specialistgroups in the IOA which address each of these fields, noother group has a toe in them all, so acoustic measurementand instrumentation area allows a lot of variety in careers.For example, in any given week, you could be at a buildingacoustics laboratory measuring insulation, measuring noiseand vibration in the latest secret car prototype, measuringthe human vibration in a military tank, or measuring theperformance of hi-fi headphones.
How to specialiseIt’s fair to say that most graduates from acoustics coursestend to gravitate towards a career as an acoustic consultant,it’s a great career in which you can end up heading yourown consultancy. But if you like variety, another good placeto start is in sales or development of instrumentation andall the instrumentation manufacturers are looking for wellqualified people.
Another area is to work in an acoustic laboratory, for example,taking measurements on new machine prototypes. One of myfirst jobs was measuring the noise from a prototype leisurehovercraft − I spent many happy hours driving it aroundPortsmouth harbour in the name of development!
An interest in ‘gizmology’ also helps, I’ve always enjoyedtinkering with software and computers, as well as any kind ofnoise and vibration measurement, and I am always looking fordifferent ways of characterising noise and vibration parametersto allow us to better understand the world around us.
So, for measurement and instrumentation, the buzzwordsare variety, curiosity and a desire to make the bestmeasurement possible, while understanding the limitationsand possible errors.
John Shelton, Chair of the IOA Measurementand Instrumentation Group, asked membersof his group why they chose a career in thisspecific field of acoustics.
Build your own career
Careers in Acoustics14
Acoustic measurementand instrumentationoffers a career withimmense varietyIlluminating
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Having a basic knowledge of physical acousticsenables us to make better decisions, design betterproducts, make better measurements and write moreaccurate reports.
The study of physical acoustics is also developingnew ways of interpreting acoustical data includingmedical ultrasound and imaging, the use ofadvanced materials for sound absorbers and noisebarriers, and many more applications for now and inthe future.
Most employers will expect you to have a degree in:
• Acoustics• Maths• Physics, or• Engineering.
You could also do a degree in music technologyor environmental science then take furthertraining, like the IOA Diploma in Acousticsand Noise Control.
Your day-to-day duties could include:
• Carrying out noise assessments on buildingsto make sure they meet building regulations
• Checking noise levels are within legal limits• Testing how changes to a building’s designaffects sound levels and quality
• Using computers to find ways ofreducing machinery noise and vibrationin the workplace
• Giving specialist advice in legal cases• Exploring how sound vibrations affectmachinery and structures
• Designing and working with recording studioand broadcast sound equipment
• Designing medical equipment (likeultrasound) to help doctors diagnose andtreat patients
• Producing reports, sharing your findingsand making recommendations for action.
The way sound propagates, scatters, attenuates and how it interacts with structuresand measurement equipment should concern us all − physical acoustics is thefundamental science that underpins the acoustics we work with every day.
Physical acoustics
Careers in Acoustics18
Designing better products
‘The studyof physicalacoustics isalso developingnew ways ofinterpretingacoustical data.’
EARTH SCIENCES
ENGINEERING
LIFE SCIENCES
ARTS
LINDSAY’S WHEELOF ACOUSTICS
OCEAN
OGRAPH
Y
ELECTRICAL
ANDCHEMICAL
MECHANICAL
ARCHITECTURAL
VISUALARTS
MUSIC
SPEECHPSYCHOLOGYPH
YSIOLOGY
HEARING
BIOACOUSTICS
SOUND INATMOSPHERE
SEISMIC WAVES
UNDERW
ATER
SOUND
PSYCHOACO
USTICS
COMMUNICATION
MUSICAL SCALES
AND INSTRUMENTS
ROOM ANDTHEATERACOUSTICS
SHOCK AND
VIBRATION
NOISE
ELECTRO
ACOUSTICS
SONICAND
ULTRASONIC
ENGINEERING
FUNDAMENTALPHYSICALACOUSTICS
MECHANICAL RADIATIONIN ALL MATERIAL MEDIA
PHONONS
Copyright, 1965 Acoustical Society of AmericaJournal of the Acoustical Society of America37(2), 361 (February 1965)
MEDICINE
PHYSICS OF EARTH
AND ATMOSHERE
The answer is acoustics − and now there’s the chance to hearmuch more about it following the launch of an initiative fromthe Association of Noise Consultants (ANC), designed toattract more students in to the industry.
The ANC’s ‘#ExploreAcoustics’ initiative demonstrates thewide range of opportunities available to students interested ina career in science, technology, engineering and mathematics(STEM). It includes video interviews and in-depth case studiesfeaturing students, graduates, professionals and academics inthe industry.
There’s also a brochure, full of facts about careers and studyroutes into the industry, with QR codes for additional content.
ANC is the professional body representing consultants inacoustics, noise and vibration in the UK − and many of theirmembers are reporting a shortage of graduates.
ANC chair, Dan Saunders, said: “There are few other careersthat can offer the financial rewards, opportunities for traveland such diverse work opportunities than acoustics.
“Roles in the industry include openings in architectural andbuilding acoustics, environmental noise, product design,cinema sound, even sonar and ultrasound.”
As well as the graduate route, an apprenticeship is beingdeveloped, to give another option to work in the sector.
Keep in touch with all the information, includingapprenticeships, at the #ExploreAcoustics site atwww.association-of-noise-consultants.co.uk/explore-acoustics
Dan added: “It’s a great industry to be in and we hope#ExploreAcoustics gives an insight into the manyopportunities offered.”
Which career is all about sound, yetfew have heard of it?
Career choices
#ExploreAcousticssounds out careerchoices in acoustics
Showcasing A SoundCareer Choice
Help share the news about thecareer options in acousticswith the Association of NoiseConsultants’ ‘#ExploreAcoustics’initiative.
Featuring video interviews and in-depthcase studies from students, graduates,professionals and academics,the content gives an overview ofopportunities in the industry.
#ExploreAcoustics
An ideal resourceto showcase theimportance of STEMin acoustics, theinformation can befound atwww.theanc.co.uk/explore-acoustics
To find out more about joining ANC go towww.theanc.co.uk/membership
Careers in Acoustics 19
W e travel in aircraft, trains, cars andships, our factories are filled with themachines that produce consumer
goods and industrial products, homes havevacuum cleaners, washing machines and fridges.We expect that our vehicles and the equipmentwe use will be quiet and unobtrusive and that theworkers producing them will not suffer harm. Weexpect that their manufacture and use will notdisturb our sleep or leisure.
Noise and vibration control can involve increasedweight, loss of operational efficiency and highercosts, all of which affects the sustainability ofproducts. Hence a large engineering design effortis invested to reduce the unwanted noise andvibration without these negative impacts.
So given the rightful drive for sustainableengineering solutions, how can noise andvibration engineers contribute? The answer is notalways obvious. Opportunities become apparentwhen the entire lifecycle of an engineeringprogramme is considered; the best noise andvibration solutions are those that are invisible tothe consumer of the technology. Take the car forexample; the basic principles of car design remainthe same now as they were 40 years ago, but toput the vehicles of the 1970s in context, it wasonly just becoming common that heaters were astandard item rather than a luxury add-on andmost mass-market cars were utilitarian and noisy.
Can cars be too quiet?Since then, we have developed much morecomplex noise-reduction strategies for cars.The main structures are now studied in the earlyphases of design to minimise acoustic impact onthe passengers. Damping and absorption materialslocated in the most effective places have resulted inquiet and comfortable vehicles. In a similar way tocrash modelling, the dynamics of the bodyshell andpower train can be studied and optimised in detail bycomputer modelling.
Some of the changes in vehicle design have offeredgreat challenges to quiet and comfortable products.A challenge that continues today is the downsizingof engines, often coupled with intensive pressure toimprove fuel economy, so that the weight penalty ofnoise control treatments becomes more significant. Inthe other direction we see a growth in the adoption ofvarious forms of hybrid systems. Although the use ofelectric motors is usually viewed as a noise reductionroute, the results in many cases are a new set ofchallenges presented by the gear drives and othermechanisms that are required.
Most of the acoustic advances in car design havebeen achieved through improvements in ourunderstanding that have led to better engineeringdesigns, but the future has to include a reverse ofwhat we have been trying to achieve for many years– generation of external vehicle noise. It will soon bea requirement that hybrid cars broadcast some kindof noise signal to allow those nearby to be aware thatthe vehicle is active and moving.
The inventivenessof noise andvibrationengineersThe entitlement to be free from adverse noise andvibration could be considered as a basic human right.
Industrial noise
Careers in Acoustics20
“Electric cars need invented engine noise to ensure pedestrian safety.”
How the IOA can help yourindustrial noise careerThe IOA Noise and Vibration Engineering Groupcomprises members of the Institute with a particularinterest in assessment and control of noise andvibration. The aim of the group is to provide a forumfor members to exchange information and discussdevelopments within this general field of interest,including engineering methods for noise and vibrationcontrol, workplace noise or NVH assessment, lownoise design, source identification methods, sourcemechanisms and prediction methods.
“Quote”
Careers in Acoustics 21
Noise and vibrationengineers specialise in:• Engineering noise control• Vibration control• Assessment and control of workplace noiseand vibration
• Noise, vibration, and harshness soundquality assessments
• Low noise design• Noise source mechanisms• Measurement methods for source
identification• Noise and vibration prediction methods.
They are likely to have other related interestssuch as: vibro-acoustics, underwater acoustics,aero-acoustics, the physical effect of noise onhumans, measurement methods and standards,noise or vibration induced fatigue, engineeringdesign methods, etc.
Noise and vibration engineers often workclosely with people outside the field of acoustics(mechanical, marine or aeronautical engineers,designers and architects, safety officers, etc).
CHALLENGE
The e-sound challengeWhat sort of noise would you‘invent’ for an electric or hybridcar to satisfy the driver andto alert pedestrians? Wouldyou replicate the sound of acombustion engine? Or wouldyou go for an entirely differentnoise that people would haveto learn?
E lectroacoustic devices are found in a widerange of applications, ranging from themicrophone and speakers in a mobile
phone through to televisions and railway stationannouncement systems and the giant stacks ofloudspeakers at outdoor rock concerts.
The number of applications is rising all the timewith new technologies, such as the control ofnoise in cars, requiring specialised speakers andmicrophones.
Sound equipmentand systemsdesignElectroacoustics is a branch of acoustics which is concernedwith the development and use of devices such as speakers,headphones and microphones that convert electrical signalsinto sound or visa-versa.
Electroacoustics
The range of careers inelectroacoustics is wide andincludes the design andmanufacture of microphones
Careers in Acoustics22
The range of careersin electroacousticsis equally wideand includes:• Sound system design• Manufacture• Sales and installation• Development• Design and manufacture of microphonesand speakers, and
• Research into novel devices and applications.
Industries that requireelectroacoustictechnology include:• Entertainment• Television• Radio and live performance• Communications:• Mobile phones• Public address
• Emergency announcements• Alarms• Automotive:
• In-car-entertainment• Noise vibration and harshness and• Driver information.
• Musical instruments:• Guitars and• Electronic keyboards.
‘Industries thatrequire electroacoustictechnology includeradio and liveperformance.’
Careers in Acoustics 23
How the IOA can help yourelectroacoustics careerJoining a professional body such as the IOA is a great way tomake some useful contacts, give yourself the best professionalopportunities and make an impact on your career.
Its Electroacoustics Group is the home for specialists in allaspects of sound equipment and sound systems design. Thegroup holds an annual conference, called Reproduced Sound,usually in late November. http://reproducedsound.co.uk/
Reproduced Sound meetings cover topics such asloudspeaker and microphone design, multi-channel audio,speech intelligibility and leaks into the Noise at Work Act asit pertains to the entertainments industry.
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A udiology is a challenging and expandingfield involving the study of hearingand balance. The British Academy of
Audiology states that audiology professionalsperform a wide range of activities, which includethe assessment and rehabilitation of people of allages with hearing loss or balance disorders.
Audiologists can work in a variety of settingsincluding hospitals, private practice, research anddevelopment and with instrumentation rangingfrom audiometric measurement equipment tosophisticated signal processing hearing aids.
New and exciting opportunities exist in thisfast-evolving and varied discipline. Individualswith an interest in acoustics, biological sciences,psychology, physics, and electronics, as well asspeech and language development, may find thataudiology has a lot to offer them.
There are also opportunities for those with aninterest in signal analysis and signal processing,particularly in diagnostic instrumentation andhearing aids.
Many audiologists work in multidisciplinaryteams, frequently liaising with medical, educationand research professionals.
Qualities of anaudiologistIf you can tick these boxes, a career in audiologycould be right up your street:
Ability to communicate well with all typesof people
Good problem solving skills
Ability to work as part of a team
A caring and understanding attitude
Good manual dexterity; and
Analytical skills.
In addition you should have evidence of abilityto effectively work with people of all ages,particularly elderly people and young children.
Careers inaudiologyIf you like a challenge and enjoy working withpeople of all ages then audiology may well bethe career for you.
Speech and hearing
Careers in Acoustics26
Careers in Acoustics 27
How the IOA can help youraudiology careerThe IOA Speech and Hearing Group provides a forum for memberswith an interest in acoustic aspects of speech and hearing. Theseinclude speech intelligibility, perception and production, hearingprotection, audiology, assistive and other technologies for speechand hearing, and speech and language therapy.
The Speech and Hearing Group committee organises meetingsto raise awareness of the subject and advancing technicaldevelopment through the sharing of knowledge and experience.The group acts as a point of contact for individuals and organisationsfrom all backgrounds that share the common interest, and welcomestheir involvement.
‘New and excitingopportunitiesexist in this fast-evolving andvaried discipline.’
At a University of Southampton openday, I was shown an awesome 3D-audiodemonstration, which generated the
most immersive sound experience I had everexperienced − it made me feel like a plane wasflying directly over my head, or a person waswhispering in my ear.
As a 17-year-old, the idea that engineers couldcontrol sound to deceive the senses in this waywas fascinating and is ultimately why I decidedto study acoustics at the University’s Institute ofSound and Vibration Research (ISVR).
The best part of my course was the year-longfourth-year group design project, the pinnacle ofthe degree, which gave me the chance to use allthe skills that I developed throughout my timeat university; including everything from acoustictheory to project management.
Collaborative effortMy team chose to design and build a loudspeakerarray for cars that would be able to generateseparate 3D-audio for both the driver and thefront passenger simultaneously. This wouldallow the passenger to watch a film with virtualsurround sound, while at the same time, thedriver could listen to sat-nav directions orparking sensors without being distracted.
We developed the hardware and the softwareourselves, working closely with the University’smanufacturing technicians who machined thecomplicated aluminium structure; designedso that the array didn’t intrude too far into thevehicle cabin.
For the concept to work, the loudspeaker arrayneeded to simultaneously generate four beamsof sound, one to each of the two listeners’ ears.We achieved this using a bank of filters, whichforced the acoustic energy from each loudspeakerto cancel out at each of the listeners’ ears, leavingonly the single desired signal.
We tested the array with a pair of dummy headmicrophones within the University’slargest anechoic chamber to measure itsperformance in a variety of conditions,before finally testing it in a car.
AchievementsLooking back on the project, theexhilaration we all felt when we finallyheard the array working made all thesleepless nights worth it and it is one ofmy proudest achievements.
I’m now doing postgraduate researchwith the ISVR, investigating methodsto use loudspeakers, microphones andcomputers to change and control soundswithin our everyday lives; makingengines seem quieter for example.
Charlie House, PhD studentat the Institute of Sound andVibration Research, Universityof Southampton, describeshow he was blown away byhis first visit to his universityopen day – it eventually lead to
his proudest achievement.So far, that is…
Inspiration!
Careers in Acoustics28
Below: Beam pattern in the car
Southamptonsounds special
forced the acoustic energy from each loudspeaker to cancel out at each of the listeners’ ears, leaving
We tested the array with a pair of dummy head
sleepless nights worth it and it is one of
with the ISVR, investigating methods to use loudspeakers, microphones and computers to change and control sounds
Below: Beam pattern in the car
Charlie and his fourth-yeargroup design team
Above: The team project todesign and build a loudspeakerarray for cars
Discovermore:www.southampton.ac.uk/engineering/acoustics
ACOUSTICAL ENGINEERINGATSOUTHAMPTON
DECEIVETHE SENSES
Bring the house down
We’rehelping tomake concert halls soundbetterwith improvedacoustics, givingconcert goers amulti-sensory, spatial,three-dimensional experience.
Seewith sound
We’rehelping to improveultrasound imagery, enabling
doctors tounderstandmedicalconditions in greater detail
without invasive treatments.
Feel the crowd roar
We’rehelping to improve soundbarsystemswithin homecinema systems;
making for amore immersive experienceonmovie nights and thebig game
atmosphere for football andother sports.
Hush up aircraft
We’reworking tomake aeroplanesquieter, helping to reduce the impactofair trafficand travel on residential areas.OurRolls-RoyceUniversity TechnologyCentre inGasTurbineNoisehasbeenimprovingnoise technology, productsandprocesses for the last twodecades.
Groom the vroom
The sounda carmakes is never a coincidence; the acousticsare extensively designed and testedbefore amodel evengoes intoproduction.Our graduates in the automotiveindustry use computermodelling andexperimentson
prototypes todesign and tune a car’s acoustic properties.
Revolutionise life
We’re transforming liveswith cochlear implants.A cochlear implant converts sound toelectric impulsesthat travel to thebrain, allowingpeoplewhocouldnothear anything tohear almost everything.
Protectwhales and dolphins
We’reworking tounderstandhowmarinemammals useunderwater soundand the
impactman-madeunderwaternoise hasonmarine life.
You will be taught at the world-leadingInstitute of Sound andVibration Research
of graduates are employed orin further study withinsix months of graduationDLHE, 2015/16-2016/17
97%
O ne of the main benefits of becoming aStudent Member is the opportunity fornetworking – it’s quite likely that you
could meet your first (or next) potential employersimply by attending the IOA’s regular meetingsand events.
Aside from having access to branch and groupmeetings and getting to know the Institute better,you will also receive the IOA’s monthly newsletter,which lists upcoming events and meetings andprovides you with much deeper insights into whatthe IOA provides its members.
Professional competencyMembership of the IOA is often seen as aprerequisite for demonstrating one’s professionalcompetency in the field. Student memberswill get to know what’s required to obtain fullmembership of the IOA in future, a process thatrequires you to provide evidence of a sufficientlevel of knowledge and experience.
Full membership is open to those who satisfyCouncil as being suitably qualified educationallyand who have a minimum of three years’experience of responsible work in acoustics.
Students usually progress from StudentMembership to Associate Membership once theyare suitably qualified educationally in acoustics,or when they have an appropriate period ofexperience in acoustics instead. AssociateMembership is for those who have obtainedthe appropriate academic qualifications for thegrade of Member but who do not (yet) have therelevant period of experience in the profession.
The Institute of Acoustics has a fascinatingand diverse membership working in a varietyof research, educational, environmental,governmental and industrial organisations. Itsmembers range from university students throughto qualified professionals in all disciplines.
The Institute is a very active professional body.It has nine specialist interest groups, some ofwhich are featured in this publication. Thesegroups organise meetings throughout the yearand the IOA also holds regional events throughits Branch network.
Almost 17% of the IOA’s membership comprisesstudents. To join us as a student costs younothing, but it gives you an initial level ofaccess to the Institute’s resources. You can joinnow if you are studying acoustics or are on anacoustic-related course.
IOA student membership
‘Members rangefrom universitystudents throughto qualifiedprofessionals inall disciplines.’
Careers in Acoustics30
TAKE A LOOK
To join the IOA as a studentcosts you nothing, but it givesyou an initial level of access tothe Institute’s resources
IOA supportfor studentmembers
If you would like to becomea Student Member, [email protected]
We look forward to supporting youright at the very start of your career.
WANT YOURQUALIFICATIONSTO TAKE YOUFURTHER, FASTER?
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
T: 0300 999 9675 E: [email protected] www.ioa.org.uk
Established for more than 40 years, the Institute providesgraduates, and those with a proven interest in acoustics, thechance to become a recognised member of a vibrant andactive global network with regular UK meetings and CPD.
Specialise your diploma at ioa.org.uk/students
• Building Acoustics• Regulation and Assessment of Noise• Environmental Noise: Measurement, Prediction and Control• Noise andVibration Control Engineering
ESTABLISHED 1974 – GLOBAL MEMBERSHIP – INDUSTRY LEADERS17 UK CENTRES – MANUFACTURING – CONSTRUCTION – MARINEHAVS – CENG – CONSULTANCY ENVIRONMENTAL – HEALTH & SAFETYNOISE MEASUREMENT – BUILDING ACOUSTICS
WHAT’S SO USEFULABOUT ACOUSTICS?
406 Silbury Boulevard, Milton Keynes, MK9 2AFTelephone: +44 (0) 300 999 9675 / email: [email protected]
WHAT’S IT ABOUT?
Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of all mechanicalwaves in gases, liquids, and solids including vibration, sound, ultrasound andinfrasound.Many people think that acoustics is strictly musical or architectural in nature.Whileacoustics does include the study of musical instruments and architectural spaces, italso covers a vast range of topics, including: noise control, SONAR for submarinedetection, ultrasounds for medical imaging, thermoacoustic refrigeration, seismology,bioacoustics, and electroacoustic communication.Professional acousticians use their expertise to work in a huge variety of fields –from the design of a recording studio or smart phone audio apps to environmentaland workplace noise measurement and control, and from the assessment of windfarm nuisance to car and jet engine design, to name just a few.
WHO ISTHE IOA?
The IOA is the UK’s professional body for those working in Acoustics, Noise andVibration. It’s a British professional engineering institution founded in 1974.
THE SCIENCE OF SOUND, ITS PRODUCTION,TRANSMISSION AND EFFECTS
