86
ELIJAH M. HOGGE SECRETARY COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY 40601 BUREAU OF HIGHWAYS JAMES E. GRAY COMMISSIONER May 25, 1973 MEMORANDUM TO: J. R. Harbison State Highway Engineer Chairman, Research Committee WENDELL H. FORD GOVERNOR H.3.13 SUBJECT: Research Report No. 367; "Engineering Geognosy of the Western Kentucky Coal Field;" KYP-64-13; R-1(8), Part Ill In recent years, highway building has provided exceptional opportunities to explore ground and subsurface strata through borings and to expose facia in cuts through hills which have not been seen before. Highway cuts have, in fact, proven very helpful in the current U.S. Geological Survey's geological quadrangle mapping program. Borings, which are necessary at bridge sites, together with soil tests made along the proposed line of a highway and during construction provide a wealth of information which, but for some effort as we are reporting now, would probably remain buried in files after having served its perfunctory purpose. For many years, the Division of Research has cooperated with the Soil Conservation Service in their mapping proam - - that is, by doing engineering tests on soils and writing engineering descriptions. At times, we have been called upon to make areal surveys. For instance, one (Report No. 229) was made concerning the availability of fill material for constructing I 264 on the west side of Louisville. Another one (No. 232) was done in connection with the Purchase Parkway, and another (No. 245) was done in connection with the Pennyrile Parkway. Each of these had very specific objectives. From studies of landslides, the Osgood and Crab Orchard formations were formed to be so frequently responsible for failures that we were inspired to devote a report (No. 254) to them. A recount of these and other contributions is given below: 14. oposed Working Pn for a Survey and Pedological Cssification of Kentucky Soils in Accordance with Highway Engineering Usage, March 1946. 40. A Laboratory Investigation of Mineralogical, Chemical and Physical operties of Limestone Ag gre gates, Young, J. L., Jr.; Havens, J. H.; and Gregg, L. E.; December 1948; also Abstracts, Highway Research Board, Vol 19, No 6, June 1949. 73. Geological Considerations in Relation to a Materials Survey, Young, J. L. Jr. and Gregg, L. E., 1951; also Bulletin 62, Highway Research Board, 1952. 91. Applications of Geolo to Highway Engineering in Kentucky, Gregg, L. E. and Havens, J. H.; February 1953. 115. Kentucky Soils: eir Or ig in, Distribut ion and Engineering operties, Deen, R. C.;.March 1956; also Bulletin No. 40, Engineering Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, June 1956. ADDRESS RETURN TO: DIVISION OF RESEARCH, 533 SOUTH LIMESTONE, LEXINGTON, KY. 40508

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ELIJAH M. HOGGE SECRETARY

COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY 40601

BUREAU OF HIGHWAYS JAMES E. GRAY COMMISSIONER

May 25, 1973

MEMORANDUM TO: J. R. Harbison State Highway Engineer Chairman, Research Committee

WENDELL H. FORD GOVERNOR

H.3.13

SUBJECT: Research Report No. 367; "Engineering Geognosy of the Western Kentucky Coal Field;" KYP-64-13; HPR-1(8), Part Ill

In recent years, highway building has provided exceptional opportunities to explore ground and subsurface strata through borings and to expose facia in cuts through hills which have not been seen before. Highway cuts have, in fact, proven very helpful in the current U.S. Geological Survey's geological quadrangle mapping program. Borings, which are necessary at bridge sites, together with soil tests made along the proposed line of a highway and during construction provide a wealth of information which, but for some effort as we are reporting now, would probably remain buried in files after having served its perfunctory purpose.

For many years, the Division of Research has cooperated with the Soil Conservation Service in their mapping program -- that is, by doing engineering tests on soils and writing engineering descriptions.

At times, we have been called upon to make areal surveys. For instance, one (Report No. 229) was made concerning the availability of fill material for constructing I 264 on the west side of Louisville. Another one (No. 232) was done in connection with the Purchase Parkway, and another (No. 245) was done in connection with the Pennyrile Parkway. Each of these had very specific objectives.

From studies of landslides, the Osgood and Crab Orchard formations were formed to be so frequently responsible for failures that we were inspired to devote a report (No. 254) to them.

A recount of these and other contributions is given below:

14. Proposed Working Plan for a Survey and Pedological Classification of Kentucky Soils in Accordance with Highway Engineering Usage, March 1946.

40. A Laboratory Investigation of Mineralogical, Chemical and Physical Properties of Limestone Aggregates, Young, J. L., Jr.; Havens, J. H.; and Gregg, L. E.; December 1948; also Abstracts, Highway Research Board, Vol 19, No 6, June 1949.

73. Geological Considerations in Relation to a Materials Survey, Young, J. L. Jr. and Gregg, L. E., 1951; also Bulletin 62, Highway Research Board, 1952.

91. Applications of Geology to Highway Engineering in Kentucky, Gregg, L. E. and Havens, J. H.; February 1953.

115. Kentucky Soils: Their Origin, Distribution and Engineering Properties, Deen, R. C.;.March 1956; also Bulletin No. 40, Engineering Experiment Station, University of Kentucky, June 1956.

ADDRESS RETURN TO: DIVISION OF RESEARCH, 533 SOUTH LIMESTONE, LEXINGTON, KY. 40508

122. A Method of Developing Engineering Soil Maps for Kentucky. A Pilot Survey of Fayette County, Deen, R. C.; August 1957; also An Engineering Soil Survey of Fayette County, Kentucky, Bulletin 213, Highway Research Board, 1959; also thesis, MSCE, University of Kentucky, 1957.

1 3 1 . An Engineering Soil Survey of Mercer County, Kentucky, Deen, R. C.; July 1958.

Engineering Properties of Soil Series Mapped in Kentucky; Deen, R. C., March 1962.

191. Investigation of Aggregate Occurrence in Logan County, Kentucky, Laughlin, G. R.; November 1962.

229. A General Survey of Highway Construction Materials, Jefferson County (A Pilot Study), Havens, J. H. and Deen, R. C.; December 1965.

232. A General Survey of Highway Construction Materillls, Jackson Purchase Region, Deen, R. C. and Havens, J. H.; March 1966.

238. Engineering Properties of Kentucky Soils, Deen, R. C.; August 1966.

240. Stability Analyses of Earth Masses, Deen, R. C.; Scott, G. D.; and McGraw, W. W.; September 1966.

245. Highway Construction in Windblown Silts of Western Kentucky, Deen, R. C.; January 1967.

254. The Crab Orchard and Osgood Formations, the Case for Slope Stability, Deen, R. C.; April 1968.

266. Landslides in Kentucky, Deen, R. C. and Havens, J. H.; September 1968; presented at Landslide Seminar, University of Tennessee, September 18-20, 1968.

279. Engineering Geognosy of Boyd County, Hopkins, T. C. and Pigman, J. G.; August 1969.

281. Engineering Geognosy of Warren County, Pigman, J. G. and Hopkins, T. C.; October 1969.

283. Selected Features of Kentucky Geology from Lexington to Pineville, Southgate, H. F.; Hopkins, T. C.; and Scott, G. D.; October 1969.

324. Degradation of Limestone Aggregates during Construction, Deen, R. C. and Southgate, H. F.; March 1972.

325. Expansive Limestone Aggregate in a Concrete Pavement, Havens, J. H. and Rahal, A. S.; April 1972.

Two reports (Nos. 279 and 281) were requested by the Kentucky Department of Commerce. The report submitted herewith makes full use of information which issued from the construction

of the West Kentucky Parkway, the Pennyrile Parkway, the Audubon Parkway, and Green River Valley Parkway.

JHH:dw attachment cc: Research Committee

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��Z/ � H. Havens Director of Research

TH..:HNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PACE r--r:�R:-a-po -- , .,., "N-o .------------,�-,2�. �Go-,-,-m-m-e;;t·A��·�-��-��-r���-����-·-��·----·- 3. R eci pi ont' s (:���;;gt:"i·�------·�-",··-·

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Engineering Geognosy of the Western Coal Field May 1973

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W. McCann, T. C. Hopkins, and R. C. Deen 367

9. Perfo rmin g Orgcmi;tofion Nome and Address 10. Work Unit No. Division of Research Kentucky Bureau of Highways 533 South Limestone

11. Contract or Grant No. KYP-64-13

Lexington, Kentucky 40508 13 T 1 R

-:-1 2::-. -:----::....-'-----'---,-,.,-------·--·-- ·-··--------J · ype o epol'f ond Period Covered Sponsoring Agency Ne�me ond Address

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Study Title: Engineering Geognosy -·,,-;-•-;-c--c--,----·------------�--�----c•-·-----�·----·••• 16, Abstract

Engineering soils and geologic reports are invaluable tools for engineers, industrial leaders, community planners and administrators during preliminary stages of planning and site selection for construction projects. Such information can be used to great advantage by planners in making soil and geologic reconnaissance surveys, in organizing and checking field surveys� in correlating and predicting performances of soil and geologic materials, and in locating construction materials and resource deposits. Recognizing the need for this type of information, the Division of Research, Bureau of Highways, Kentucky Department of Transportation, has undertaken a study to report the engineering geognosy of Kentucky. The report herein presents and discusses engineering properties and behavior of unconsolidated surficial deposits and consolidated bedrock materials located in the ten counties of the Western Coal Field. These counties include Butler, Daviess, Hancock, Henderson, Hopkins, McLean, Muhlenberg, Ohio, Union and Webster. Engineering soils data were retrieved from design and construction plans of the Bureau of Highways, Kentucky Department of Transportation, for routes passing througi> the area, as well as from reports prepared by the Soil Conservation Service and other agencies and individuals. Tabulated in the report are engineering test data for some 1646 soil s\unples obtained from !309 highway borings in the Western Coal Field. Brief descriptions of the geography, topography, pedology and geology of the area are giverl

170 Ke,x Words t;ngineering Geognosy Western Coal Field of Kentucky, Engineering Soils and Rock Data, Retrieval, Soils Maps, and Pedology

19. Security Classif. (of this report)

L Unclassified Unclassified - ------ - ------'--------··----------- ....... L-------'-------��----·---!'orm DOT F 1700.1 «•·••l

Research Report 367

ENGINEERING GEOGNOSY OF

THE WESTERN COAL FIELD

KYP-64-!3, HPR-1(8), Part III

by

W. McCann Research Engineer Assistant

T. C. 'Hopkins

Research Engineer Senior

and

R. C. Deen Assistant Director

Division of Research Bureau of Highways

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Corrunonwealth of Kentucky

The contents of this report reflect the views

of the authors wh·o are responsible for the

facts and the accuracy of the data presented

herein .. The contents do not reflect the official

views or policies of the Kentucky Bureau

,)f Highways. This report does not constitute

a standard, specification, or regulation�

May 1973

INTRODUCTION

Engineering soils and geologic reports are invaluable references for engineers, industrial leaders, community planners and administrators during preliminary stages of planning and site selection for construction projects. Quantitative engineering data for soils and geological formations and the interpretation of these data are essential elements in developing the best land-use plans, in providing stable foundations for engineering structures, and in the proper usage of earth materials in the construction of highways, buildings, and earth structures. Engineering soils and geologic reports can be used to great advantage by planners in making soil and geological reconnaissance surveys, in organizing and checking field surveys, in correlating and predicting performances of soil and geological materials, and in locating construction materials and resource deposits.

Recognizing the need and demand for this type of information, the Division of Research, Bureau of Highways, Kentucky Department of Transportation, has undertaken a study to report the engineering geognosy of Kentucky. This report presents and discusses engineering properties and behavior of unconsolidated surficial deposits and consolidated bedrock materials located in the ten counties of the Western Coal Field. These counties include Butler, Daviess, Hancock, Henderson, Hopkins, McLean, Muhlenberg, Ohio, Union, and Webster (Figure I). The discussions herein are based on an interpretation of engineering test data retrieved from design and construction plans of the Kentucky Bureau of Highways for routes passing through these counties as well as reports and maps prepared by the Soil Conservation Service, other agencies, and ,individuals. Engineering soils and geologic maps and interpretations presented herein should be viewed from

MAP OF KENTUCKY

a standpoint of providing generalized engineering information about the different soil and rock materials in the subject area. For detailed and specific data, soil and rock rna terials at a particular site should be thoroughly explored and tested. Also included in this report are brief descriptions of the geography and physiography of the Western Coal Field.

GEOGRAPHY

Area Description The area under consideration is located in the

Western Coal Field (Figure l ), a major physiographic and geologic division of Kentucky, and is bounded on the north by the Ohio River. It comprises approximately 4,000 square miles or about 2,600,000 acres and lies between latitudes 37° and 38° north and longitudes 86° 30' and 88° west.

Population Based on the 1970 census ( 1) (Table I), there are

255,040 persons living in the "ten-county area. Daviess county has the largest population (79,486). Hancock had the largest percentage increase in population (32.8 percent) from 1960. The major population centers are Owensboro (50,329), Henderson (22,976), and Madisonville (15,332). Owensboro is located on the broad flood plain of the Ohio River and lies in the northeastern portion of the area. Henderson is situated on the Ohio River in the northwestern part and Madisonville is located in the southwestern part. Small towns and villages are located throughout the area. Generally, data in Table· 2 indicate that during the 1960-1970 decade the population of the area shifted from the rural to the urban areas. The average increase

TENNESSEE

Fignre I. Map of Kentucky Showing t!J.e Approximate Bo1111daries of the Western Coal Field.

TABLE 1

POPULATION OF Tim TEN-COUNTY AREA AND MAJOR POPULATION CENTERS OF Tim WESTERN COAL FlEW ACCORDING TO

Tim 1960 AND 1970 CllNSUS

MAJOR POPULATION COUNTY CENTER

Butler Morgantown

Daviess Owensboro

Hancock Lewisport

Henderson Henderson

Hopkins Madisonville

McLean Livermore

Muhlenberg Greenville

Ohio Beaver Dam

Union Morganfield

Webster Providence

in population of the ten·county area was about six percent while the population of the ten major cities increased an average of approximately 33 percent.

Industry Business activity (2) in the area ranges fr9m the

production of steel and electron tubes to viny1 gloves and bituminous concrete and includes manufacturing, retail trade, and mining (Table 2). A large segment of industrial employment is concentrated in the electrical equipment, apparel, and primary metals industries.

The area is abundant in natural resources ( 3) which include fuels, forests, minerals, farm land, and water.

2

POPULATION CHANGE 1N POPULATION

1960 1970 (PERCENT)

9,586 9,723 1.4 1,318 1,394 5.8

70,588 79,486 12.6 42,471 50,329 18.5

5,330 7,080 32.8 610 1,595 161.5

33,519 36,031 7.5 16,892 22,976 36.0

38,458 38,167 • 0.8 13,1 10 I 5,332 16.9

9,355 9,062 • 3.1 2,710 2,757 1.7

27,791 27,537 . 0.9 3,198 3,875 21.2

17,725 18,790 6.0 1 ,648 2,622 59.1

14,537 15,882 9.3 3,741 3,563 . 4.8

14,224 13,282 . 6.8 3,771 4,270 13.2

Coals occur in Pennsylvanian formations and are both deep mined and strip mined. Oil and gas are obtained from the Chester Fonnation located at depths from 700 to I ,000 feet. The Owensboro oil field is an outstanding producer. Kyrock, a bitumen-impregnated sandstone member of the lower Caseyville Formation, is a prominent rock asphalt and is used as a road surfacing material. The main deposit in Edmonson County extends into Butler County. Forests in Ohio and Hancock Counties cover some 250,000 acres; red oak, white oak, hickory, sweet gum, yellow poplar, beech, and hard maple are harvested.

Deposits of clay, shale, sand, gravel, limestone and

sandstone have been mined or quarried in the area. Clay and shale are used in the ceramic industry to make brick and tile. Clay and shale of this area also possess properties that make them useful in the manufacture of portland cement and lightweight aggregate. Limestone, important as a construction material, is not commonly found in the area; however, some deposits are accessible in Ohio, Muhlenberg, and Butler Counties. Sands and gravels occurring along the Ohio River Valley have been recovered by floating-dredging operations in the river channel. Smaller amounts have been mined from pits along the floodplains. Large reserves of sand for use as foundry sand, in sand blasting, and for allied purposes are present in the Caseyville sandstone outcrops. The Caseyville -- being a medium to fme-grained, moderately cemented, angular, clean quartz sandstone -- has many industrial uses.

Agriculture is favored because of low relief, gentle slopes, and large bottom lands which are sometimes swampy and must be drained. These fertile floodplains are well adapted for growing tobacco, corn, and soy beans. The majority of the improved lands are located in the Ohio River Valley counties with large bottom lands ranging up to 7-1/2 miles wide. The majority of the unimproved lands are found in the marginal counties such as Muhlenberg and Butler.

The major construction project in the area (1971-73) is the Bowling Green-Owensboro Parkway. Upon completion of that road, there will be four super highways crossing the area. The Audubon Parkway and the Western Kentucky Parkway running east-west and the Bowling Green-Owensboro Parkway and the Pennyrile Parkway running north-south make super highways readily available to everyone in the area. Data from soil profiles for these roads constitute a large portion of the data presented in this report.

Climate Climate (4) of the Western Coal Region is

temperate and uniform throughout the area; it is of the continental type and, therefore, there are periods of hot and cold temperatures. However, prolonged periods of heat and cold do not occur. The average mean temperature is about 56"F. During winter and summer, the average mean temperatures are approximately 40" and 77"F, respectively. On occasions, the temperature may reach a low of minus IO.IS"F during the winter, and a high of 100-1 OS"F during the summer.

Precipitation in the area is a result of pressure systems that move either from the west to the east or from the southwest to the northeast. Average annual rainfall in the area is about 46 inches. Average monthly

TABLE 2

COUNTY

Butler

Daviess

Hancock

Henderson

Hopkins

Mclean

Muhlenberg

Ohio

Union

Webster

MAJOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND NUMBER OF PERSONS EMPLOYED IN MAJOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN TilE WESTERN COAL FIELD

NUMBER OF EMPWYEES• IN 1968 MAJOR BUSINESS PERCENTAGE EMPWYED IN

ACTMTY MAJOR BUSINESS ACTIVITY TOTAL EMPWYMENT MAJOR BUSINESS ACTIVITY

Manufacturing 485 98I 49

Manufacturing 9,986 23,170 43

Retail Trade 92 969 9

Manufacturing 3,546 8,307 43

Mining 2,336 8,428 28

Manufacturing 288 747 39

Mining I,370 4,344 32

Manufacturing 736 2,24I 33

Manufacturing 440 3,448 13

Mining 324 I,752 18

*Numbers exclude railroad employees and self-employed persons.

3

rainfall ranges from 2.5 inches in October to 5 inches in March. During late fall, winter, and early spring, precipitation occurs as general rains; whereas during the period March through September, it occurs frequently in the form of scattered thunderstorms. Occasionally during the latter period, there is some tornado activity. The "wet" season of the year occurs during the period January through July; and during that period, precipitation averages about 4 inches per month. The "dry" period of the year occurs during August through December; average precipitation is about 3 inches per month. Average annual snowfall is approximately 20 inches; however, the ground usually does not remain covered for any prolonged period of time. Generally, the snow melts within a day to a few days after falling.

Since the climate is temperate, it does not account for major differences among the soils. Such climate, however, does induce rapid chemical reactions in the soils. Rainfall is sufficient to cause a movement of soluble and clayey substances down through the soils. Some of these substances are relocated in the soils at deeper elevations, while some are leached out of the soils. The soils are frozen only for short periods in the year; thus, translocation and leaching of material occur most of the year.

Hydrological Conditions Ground water is an important resource ( 3) in the

Western Coal Field. Industrial growth, urban expansion, and suburban development depend upon an adequate supply of water. The alluvial sands and gravels along the Ohio River Valley contain the greatest potential source of ground water for future industrial, municipal, and agricnltural development. Alluvial deposits in the Ohio River Valley can be expected to yield at least 50 gallons per minute.

Where conglomerates, sandstones, or siltstones outcrop, drilled wells generally yield enough water for domestic use ( 5 ). Some wells yield I 00 to 500 gallons per minute for public and industrial supplies. Some water may be obtained from limestone and coal beds. Little water is available from shale. The Caseyville Sandstone is one of the most important bedrock aquifers. The wells in this formation yield from depths less than 300 feet. Sandstones and conglomerates supply water to numerous small springs. Water from wells in the outcrop area of conglomerate, sandstone, and siltstone is generally fresh and suitable for domestic use. It is soft to very hard and may contain undesirable amounts of iron. With increasing depth and distance from the outcrop area, the water is more mineralized and salt water may be encountered. The deepest well �own to yield fresh water is 943 feet deep.

4

The Ohio River, with its abundant surface water supply and navigation facilities, is a pronounced asset to the area. TI1e alluvial gravels and sand along the valley are in part recharged from stream flow. Other sizeable rivers passing through the area are Green River and its tributaries, Pond River, Rough River, and the Tradewater River which, like the Green River, flows north into the Ohio River. Flooding along these rivers is recorded. From these records, it has been determined that most floods (63 percent) occur in January, February, and March while smaller percentages of flooding occur in April and May through September (15 percent each). The smsllest percentage of floods occurs in November and December (7 percent). No floods have been recorded at gaging stations in October.

PHYSIOGRAPHY

Topography The Western Coal Field (Figure 2) is a region of

Pennsylvanian outcrop in Western Kentucky (6). Not only is it a topographic baain but also a structural basin. Along the margin is the rugged stretch of Caseyville outcrop forming a high rim about a lower interior. It is a part of a great syncline in which the Pennsylvanian is preserved. The outward-facing Pottsville cuesta capped with the Caseyville Sandstone forms a belt of higher and more rugged hills than in the adjoining country.

The border belt of Caseyville outcrop, ·except for differences in altitude and relief, is a duplicate of the western border belt of the Eastern Coal Field. Vertical sandstone and conglomerate cliffs border the hill tops on the outer edge. They become rockbound valleys with rapids and waterfalls farther inward. This strip is deflected across the Mammoth Cave Plateau and Pennyroyal in Hart, Green, Taylor, and Larue Counties.

Within the border, the country is a maturely dissected plateau (Figure 3) with rolling hills and valleys of moderate width. The surface shows a general accordance of summit level. This upland level is interrupted by cuestas (hills with steep faces on one side and gentle slopes on the other) formed on the Sebree, Anvil Rock, and other cliff-forming sandstones.

Outstanding features of the Western Coal Field are the broad alluvial bottoms (Figure 4) of the Green and Tradewater Rivers and their large tributaries. Wide valleys have been formed in the weak shales, except where sandstones outcrop. The valleys since have been filled with alluvium to depths up to 175 feet. From these flat alluvial bottoms, marginal hills rise abruptly. Within the bottoms, partially buried hills occur.

PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIAGRAM of

KENTUCKY By A. K. Lobeck

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Map Showing the General J;opography of Kentucky.

General View of the Topography of the Western Coal Field.

5

Figure 4.

6

Views of the Broad Alluvial Bottoms of the Green River Located in the Western eo.! Field.

Geology The Western Coal Field is part of the Eastern

Interior Coal Basin (Fignre 5) located in Kentucky (6). The Illinois Basin contains the northern part of the western Coal Field. This basin is bounded on the south by the Rough Creek Uplift and thus does not include the southern part of the larger basin. Underlying sedimentary rocks (consolidated) (Figure 6) consist of interlayered beds of sandstones, shales, coals, and limestones representing the Pottsville, Allegheny, and Conemaugh series of Pennsylvanian age. Some materials of the Monomgahela series may be present in the Western Coal Field.

The Rough Creek Uplift is in an east-west structure extending from Grayson County to Webster and Union Counties and divides the Western Coal Field into two

parts. It is a structnral uplift varying greatly in detail from one place to another. Typically, it is an anticline or series of steep anticlines with reversed faulting from the south accompanied by an echelon normal faulting. Uplift may vary from a few hundred feet to 1500 to 2500 feet or more. This brings the Caseyville sandstone and the Mississippian beds again into outcrop. The highly deformed sandstones near the fault plane are usually more highly indnrated, in some instances quartzitic.

Valleys of Western Kentucky (Figure 2) are considerably deeper than indicated by their present floodplains ( 6 ). These floodplains constitute the surface of an alluvial fill which is 100 to 200 feet deep. The Green River with its wide and flat alluvium-floored valley reaching far up to its headwaters is typical. Rising

---- -- - -,

MO.

: I :uRBANA 1 ':\ � 'V. I 'llfrSPRINGFIELD I

ILL. Eastern Interior Basin

Figure 5.

I

I I I I

I 25 0 25 50 75 100 Milea I

INDIANAPOLIS 1lr

! "='PENNSYLVANIAN OUT:/·

IND. I ( <:LOOMING TON \ '-\.._ fV . 5 ....,.- �- �..rr .... _.l t ./ I

LEXINGTON ) ·�=:_l � �ppalachian "

Regional Setting of the Western Coal Field.

7

Figure 6.

Geologic Columnar Section Showing the Fonnations and Series of the Pennsylvanian System in the Western Coal Field.

8

���----�--��--------------------SYSTEM

� z w u w •

w z w u 0 � � w " "

FOR�ATION, MEMBER, AND BED

ALLUVIUM

CAR Y OUTWASH

EOLIAN SAND

TAZEWELL OUTWASH

THICK­LITHOLOGY NESS

(FEET)

0 -55 -�

DESCRIPTION

Sand, Silt, and Gravel Sand, \Ohlle tu very IL�hl �ruy ;md light ycllowish-g1·ay. CcllCf'lliy very line 10 medium. bur """""' m lower pall: Mo.>!ly 4uarl!. ami chert graim but """" d;lfk rnincrals .tnd n.,J pOitLcb: in pi"""' con t a m s gravel ""d "Hltcrhc,lded with "It

Sill. ILt',flt Orown, h�ht gray. and ycllow"h-hrown 'II sorrt'ace uml bceominr, d3Jk brown tl ownward , Noncolc""""

-'· Oc·et"' :JS luycrs

us mud\ as "0 feel (h rn) th1ck ""Piling the tlllUI'lal plain between the Oh10 and Green Rivers

. Silty day atld sundy ,;It "'"ntlc• lhe Ohio Rwer llood-plain :md ocwr along !urger rrccb_ Grat·d, comp!lse <l mainly ol ycllow"h-bruwn chert "''d whllc q<OJrtL "' ;ul"'"gul;�r tu well-rtHindcd grJnulo.l arld pebbles, but also mclnde< datk t gnc ou' and 111clarnorphic rock< JnJ -'"'"" 1ronstnnc ami oandstone; Occur.< mainly nr luwcr part uf deposit Mnst or tlw 'c '"'lililCILI\ denved lrum glacial nutwa'h

Sand and Gra.•elly Sand: grayl> h·brown and ltght yclluw,h-hrown Sand, commonly arc silly lo tine lll 1011 and g'"dc duwnwm<l tn nwJnnn. (iravclly Soud, conl;1ins n'"ny COOlSC g"""- !'ehble. of quart; __ <·hcrt, granite. and <lark lgnc<>u• rock murc al>u1Hbnl m l<>wcr part of dcposn. Cory dop<>;it-1 umlerlie terrace 8bnut 30 feet ('! m) above O hio River l'he;<• <lepo•it< "'" HHlislmguishat>le ltthnlogLcHIIy from Tazewell Jcpo>its

Sand and Silt: LJght uli,•e [�ray to light ycllowioh-brown, lam!nalcd Sand. domi<HUitly very line to line and "'btmgultn. Sill. doycy. sl ightly lllJCaocoHs, and in p art weakly calctlle<><"- In u few place;. lensC> of loC» ·Iiko slit inte<cukated wnh <lune 'and_ Forrm conspicuou.< ridges, principally on the Upper Tatewell Tcr< acc >mface Concealed by loess

Sand, Gravel, Silt, nnd Clay: Sa"'/, light brown to moJc1atc ydlowJSh-f>rawn, fine to c oarse, rnablc, [!Cncrally well '"'led, t'nnmts mainly <>f >uhroundcd <jlllLTt/. gnnn; but Cllllilllll' many grain> of glactotly domed igncnu> ar1d mcl>lllH>q>hi< rock< l.c"'"' ol sandy Grope/ mainly in middle and low01 patti_ .1'1/1. lighl oii\'C gray and li!',ht yell owJSh-brown, clayey to finely sandy: S11! interbeddo<l wtth day fur m s upper part ofTMew<ll depuSII. C/a1·, light nlivc gray tn brnwn. "l ty . p];.,ILc,Occ·rHs mumly m Llppcr p'lrl

lncludo, lacu,trinc clayey 01lt. Merge> with ulhJviuur """slope wu;h alnng tributary stream>. tlmlcrlw; tw o rhstrnct \Crf'ocC.,

----��- -----------Cloy, Silt, and Sond: Uppur l"yer "dark gr:Jy, "dcurenm, H\<ll'lVC clay and fmc sand tlwt wc,lhcrs i>h•ck on "nfacc; Clay i; fmciy Sllty; Abundant frosh water g<�slrupods ;md bJV;o]vc> nc;or lnp. M1ddlo layer of gmy d<1yey 10 finely sandy, weakly Galcareous Slit; Weather> dark gray to black, Contmm layers of malt ed lwigs, leave>, and woody fra�ments and a few shells. Lowor !;oyer is gmy, fine , Sllty, compact Sand that weather> dark gray to black; Hasc n ot expo.,cd. Crops out only in river banks

PR E - TAZEWELL >-�L�--:: -�' /�-,-,c,-u-,,-,-," . .,",,- ,- , -��.-��,-, ,- , "- . - ,- , -m-m_oo_lw-d -ay-,-,-,-, -,.-,,-,,-, -,-,"

-"�'

Noncalcarcou; i<l upper pari ami wc,kly cokaroous in lower purl:

LOESS !J.�W:JJ 0- Some ;,egular calc�roous no<inlc, in lower part. Depostted by wind

Wt}.lijt 30 mainly during Wi<C<Hl<Ln T1rnc Grc�IC.II th10kne" ;!dj;t< ·ent lU rLVff T � j \ \\j l )! valleys and thins rapidly aw,.y from valley,_ Mantle> 'Ill •�ccpt

TERTI 1 , �;:::-= >t••rest •l opes

AR Y - � I CHER T GRAVEL ,::_ ��"".· . . -_ 0"::.'\---'--'-�����---,-,---,-,----:­

z � z � > � z z w " • w " " �

w � u 0 :J "

z 0 X 0

Gravcl in Sand Matrix: Subangul ar to subroumled pebbles as much MT. GILEAD! ;<

__ .' _::�1 6 as 0.3 fool (0.1 m) long. mainly ol yellowish-brown fossilifer ous J-'._-:- · _ . ; .· : chert but le>ser ;mrount> uf light pink und white quartz. rcd<ilsh SANDSTON - · ... · · .' ·,: to dark-brown ir<>nstonc, and sandstone m smaller fragments. Sand.

white to re<ldi•h-brnwn, fine to COJISC grained. Some layers ---��� cros.bedded ami cemented hy non-bearing mrne<als, Occurs along =-� 'oi ' outh wall nf Green River Valley at altitudes as hl[ih "' 43.1 feet

��� 0"}:-:�.:::.��c:c·.-,-. .,-,-_-

h_o

_m_H

_o-w l

_>

_ '"_"_

'_

'm_

'_"

_"

_"'_

'"_"_I_

W_

e_o>

_<o_'

_'

_m_

m_

c,_

.

�t�t MT. GILEAD �- - _

SHALE F-�"'-::_-;-::: - -=

�� -=

l:;rTY ;c

I ·· . . ·

.·. VANDER- I · • .

BUR G 1::_--.-· . :-:

150-200

15 -60

Shale, Sandy Shale, Sandstone, Limestone, and Some Thin Coal Beds: Crops out above tile dccpc" part or the Mo01man Synchne in !he southeastern part nf Wcb<tcr Coun!y and the north central part of l-lupkim rmonty

Sandstone: \r<Nhctlded. rncdiLHH In enam graln <'d; Crops <HJI in Moormw Synchne ;unth nf the Shawneetuwn-Knugh Creek �:wll

/.um', ah,ent north of I;HJit. Is "bout COO feel tf>O n1) bel ow laml surface "I Henshaw. Als<> crup' Ulll In Hopkm• om! W ebs ter Count••• SANDSTONE� ·

· \ �----���-�-----------------BALD HILL-�-- 75-

lBO SHALE ��� ,%•Jc, Sandy Shale, and Lime>lone wid1 Thin Coal Beds: l'<nps nut in central part .,r the �loorrn:ul Synchne

SYSTEM

z � z

� I � � r � � • z � z w w z � 0 u � w � � �

z •

z r w � w � � z 0 r ' � � 0 � z w

z � � w •

FORMATION, LITHO LOGY �H���-MEMBER, AND BED (FEET)

z 0

� 0

z • � �

w � 4 0 z 0 m � • u

BALD HILL : - ·. ·· 75_

SHALE 180

�:-9 �L

••• DIXON

1--·-···--- ... 10-SANDSTONE I. ••-·•--·-• 60

1··-·-··-·--... -•. I-�-I=" � = - - -

�-=---=

� � MADISON- - - -

VILLE 875-LIMESTONE =�--:= 1000+

�� g-= �� =--:==: -� t=:-:::::=-

-= =- -.:-� ='=--=-�� -=-..c

-�7 �c--�

. ·-I I .· . ·--I li o-

ANVIL I_ ---·--···· 150

R OCK SANDSTONE .

_ .. 1_-_-_---.-

-·- __ l/ NO 12 COAL 9-

PROVIDENCE 20 LIMESTONE� NO.I! COAL �

UPPER SANDSTONE

MEMBER -_--_

: 240 590

DESCRIPTION

Shale, Sandy Shale, �nd Limestone with Thin Coal Heds: Crops ol't

tn ccntnol part of the Moot man Syndinc

Sandstone: Ml•dium to line �ruiner!, "'""bedded; Crops out in

Moorman Syncline south nf the Slmwneetown-Ruugh Creek Fault Zone around llcnshuw and eastward to Union County lin". Absent nootil nf tile f;oult. Smuhtone is ledge former up to 25 feel (7 m)

thick.

SIHtle, Sandy Shale, Limestone, Thin Coal Beds, and S;mdstone U.nses: Crop> out in llilnk.< nfMomman Syncline snuth of the fault. Underlies dee1>e<t pMI of syncl me. Also crops <lUI in Ohio, Hopkins, and Wcb.\tCr ('uuntJes. Umestone, d•rk gr>ty; dark bluisll -�ray to d;Hk brown where weotheted: Dense, finely crystalline: Medium- to

thick-bedded: Partly S<ualy, fosSiliferous. Shuk. in p;m day 'hale, wllne t" rl;nk gray; Light gray to btllWn whore weathered; Generally

'"ft. partly carbonaceoo1, oilly, ;andy, and limonitir:. Coal, Tlnn. Underd�y. gr,.y. oo fl

Sandstone: Crmsbcdded flllC· to coarse-grained, friable to

well-cemented quartz s"mbtonc containing quart? pebbles; Grades lotcr:rlly intn shale. Caps the bluffo ;tlung the Green River in

llenderson County: Crops out 1n flanks of the Moortnan Syndine. near The Rocks. ;md along the Comp Brec•kinridge Mrlitary Rc.<crv;tlion boundary •outh of Mnrgrl!lfreld as well •s in Ohio,

Davwss. Hopkins. and Webster Counlres.

Limestone. Shale, Coal: Limestone, medium gmy, very fine grained W very finely crystalhne. hard, fossiliferous, ona><ivc to thin-bedded

Shale, medium gray to light olive-gray and some medium tn dark

gmy; Clayey. No. 12 Coal is 0-7 feet (0-2 m) thick. Lrmcstune crops oul between No 1° Coal above and No. II Coal bcluw.

Sh.,le and Fine- to Medium.Grained Q1utrtz Sandstone: Grades laterally 1nto shale. Crop.< out in Davie>&, Ohio, Webster. Hopkins, 1-lende,.on, and Union Counties. Cementing material of upper beds is calcium carbottHIC. Shale is sondy to clayey and black tn gray Sands.frme IS white to l!ght gray. Underclay hol<>w Nu. � C'oallled is gr;1y and soft No. 11 Coal is 0-9 feet (0·3 m) thick. No. 9 Coal i> 0-7 feet (0 2 m) thick.

Figure 6. (continued)

9

Figure 6. (continued)

10

SYSTEM

w " 0 0

FORMATION, MEMBER, AND BED

w

� z 0 • " < u

NO. tl.UAL

UPPER SANDSTONE

MEMBER

N0.9 COAL

LOWER SHALE

MEMBER

SEBREE SANDSTOI\E

N0.7 COAL

N0.6 COAL

N0.5 COAL

STONEFORT LIMESTONE

CURLEW SANDSTONE

h KICK· LITHOLOGY I, NESS

jFEET)

-=='=-- =-- -

-=c._-::-�--=__-c-c� =-=� =.=c� �==--� =cc� �---

�-�� �- -��� � -c.__

�=-��

�s� �-�-

=--==-= =-�:.;_

�-==-; · .- .

: _ -· -_

-- ��

�_:c-.=�

cc::-��

::..�::;:-� :C:::cc::CC =-- . ;r;=s-

-_

55-125

185-465

JQ-

50

150-180

20-120

DESCRIPTION

Shale and Fine- to �lcdinm-Graincd Quartz Sandstone: Grades IBtorally mto shale Crops out in Davie<>, Ohio, Webster. Hopku", Henderson, and Union Counnes. Cementing maledal or upper beds ;_, calcium �arbonate. Slwle is sandy to daycy and black to gray sa,.dslolle is white to light gray_ Underclay below No.') Coal Bed i< gray and son. No. II Coal is 0-9 feet (0-3 m) thick. No. 9 Coa l is 0-7 teet (CI- 2m) IInck.

Shale, Sandy Shale, and Thin Coal Beds: frnps nut"' Butler, Ohio. WcbsteJ, Henderson, and Union CnunUc<

S.nd>IOJtC: ('rc"<hCliliCti. Cllllf>C In lllCIJ,um p'lilW<i. lmhic lowell

cemcollcd_ l'l<'l" nut Ln "'uthwc•>lern lllliLlll ('nuuEy "'well "' '"

Bolkt .LilU Ol11<> ('n ullliC>

Shale, Sandy Shale, Thin Limc>tunc, and ('ool lled>' ("'I" Olll Ill

,nttllnvc,lem llllHlll l'<Hlnly .11ul lluth:r. Ohm_ .u1J lhopkill>

('oulliiC' l.eWI>IWII ('o"l llctl lie> bc11 e:Jlh Soonefnrl LlllK'>l""" 111 II.IIIC<H'k (cHLrlly, MJy be the No � Cnul ami" tJ-3 lt't'l ({J-1111] thwk. No r, Cual "IMncie<l. ;llll'muu; . • Lilli 1-_\ 1'-'el (Ill 1 .. 11111 1111ck .\'n i Cua/ 1.1 0-C I<'< L ((I II (o m] iiHck _In 7 CJUII> 1!-'> r"'' w-e "" th�ek

Sand>lone ('n,"" ''' I"'" �,,,,,.,1_ ''''"hcdJed_ ''"'hie I•> we'll

,.,,""'"1'"1 Crul" <lLJI Hl l'n""' li<>P'""- ll'tlhil'l lllllic•l_ 0111" IJ,mc·" .trJd II.LI>c<•c' {••nnlll''

SYSTEM

w " 0 0 i

FORMATION, MEMBER,AND BED

THICK· LITHOLOGY NfSS

(FEET)

' '

-_

.-.. ·

20 -120

DESCRIPTION

Sandstone: Coarse to llnc g'"me<l. c·russbt•ddcc1, friable to well cemented_ Crops out 1n Untou. llnpkins. WoOster. Butler. Olm>. )lllvJCss. and Hancock Counllc>

Shale, Sandy Shale, Thin Coal, and Lirncstonc llcds: Crup.< uut "' Hopk1ns. Wch,lcr, Dal'lC", ou<l Hunc<>ek l\nmtie•. Called Lc"U Creek Limestone by Cn dcr ll'li.l). I.C;Jd Creek Coal llod "0-:' feet (0 0.6 m) tiHck Umestcm�. ltghl gray to tl.nk hlui,h-gr;•y .

_ _ ,_ ---·----.-· llnc t<> ''"""" gmmed; Weathers to very ltght gray ruhhlc The

"

.' .•.. ·,·>·

''.-

. ••. < ..••... ; \ Curlew Limestone Member is the noml pc1mtcnt unll '" the

::·- . T'"tlcwalcr f'on11Hiwn and is useful a_, J JeiclellCC Jutum fur

IUCiltlfyl<lg '"'" currelutinK coal beds

W� ABERDEEN -_ _ :-:'_-:;. __ :._._.. ,0_'!--------------------i � : .. - , _:, _: :-,·_ ._._- ._, Sandstone: MosSJvc. cru.sbedtlcd, coaf5c to mcdmm 1\"lined, fnable 0 SANDSTOI>£1·> . , : .. ·.-. lo'O to well-cemented quartz sandstone: Cmllams t'1agmcnts ol >ihc1licd

� I• i �'"" ""'' '" '""" '""' """"'"'"'"' " ""' ,.,,,. "'" '"

1-�

;·':�-

_:·�-:: ·-::

_:-.::/

Butler. Wcb>tc1 . Hopklils . 0Jvoe«. and ))"nc<>ek Countic<

FINNIE - _:-_:-_-·;----:-_:_

· _ _ :_ SANDSTONE <

�-- _ :_::_-_:·-,.·

80-t

i ············ · · ·· ·•· .. / > BELL COAl.

.•· .·· ; -. o-GRINSTAFF - : _ -": 80

SANDSTONE _-:- .·:' _=-::- .:-'

< <•·· · · ·

S;mdstono, Cual: Medium to coa"c gtaineJ an<l CCJnWiu' IT<lil:

Ma,IVC. Crup> nut "' Davicss. Hanwck. Wcb5tcr. l lopkino

. :mJ

IJui<HI Cuunuc,

Sandshme, Co" I: l'mc-gr:oinc••l yu;nl/ ,;,nd>tunc �!;1<l1ng )alcrully min •hale _ Crops out on the southwc>tCrH lip ui' Llmml Cuunty "'well "'Webster. Hopkins. Daviess. anJ Hancuck Cuunuc,_ No /11 GJiJI i> also known as the Hawesville Coal Coal contams _1- In lo-mch (l\- to 1-'·c'lll) p;lTiing> ni' smully c-oal and hyrllc ncllr mid<lle nf bed. 0-1 teet (() - IU m) tloick . llnJcrday " plaslic llreclay

� � 1----�N�O�. l�o_(C 02A�L,_)i'li ······-·-�--+-----------------�

9 ._ >·. ---·_

" w � g

... BEE ." . -. _ . SPRING -:·:

. -_-- - : 40 -

\_

w � " > > w w " u

SANDSTON E -. 60

BAT TERY ROCK COAL

LOWER CONGLDM-

ERATE MEMBER

I -

0 : ' • 0 �-" •

• • d.·"" 0' ,--.-.;-.. �---� o." . . ' .. "'"' 6 0 o' 0

•. :. �: ,.--_:' . "·.· . . . ·. ; .

. ; . '

·. ' :�- -

. . .

. . . ·.

' ', D • o

W···.·.· . . . _.- ,;

.--- 0 . . .

�: 0

.... _.

:·:-\·.

o-

Sand'!"""' Ma>sovc. dill-i'ounmg. cmsshcddcd. mcdwm-gr:t1ncd saml<l<>ilC: wntams pebbles ol quarl!: triable tu well cemented Wllh sihcJ nr hmonote; Grade> laterally into >halo_ Crops out 1n Hanc-ock, Jlopkin;. Union. and Butler l'ountic> . Sandstone lS gr;ry, weather; yellnw.

Sbalc, Sandy Shale, Sandstone, and Thin Limestune and Coal Beds Cwp' out ;n llnpk<rlS

. llnHHl. a<l<l llutlcr Counties_ Sbalc is medium

lu rbrl gray. _,lightly �arhnnocOOU>

Figure 6. (continued)

I I

above these bottoms are islands of bedrock. The wide valleys reflect the effect of erosion on the weaker shales of much of the post-Caseyville Pennsylvanian. These alluvial floodplains cover about one-fourth of the area of the Western Coal Field. The alluvial material consists of blue sticky clays, silts having a general nature of glacial rock flour, sand which is often crossbedded, and small amounts of igneous and metamorphic pebbles. The rna terial is coarser nearer the river than in the tributaries.

Possible explanations of this fill include deposition due to regional depression, overloaded glacial originated floodwaters, and an extension of the Gulf of Mexico. Alluviation by glacial waters has been regarded as an important cause of valley fllling. The Ohio River and other major streams serving the glacier-occupied region northward were built up by valley trains deposited by glacial flood waters. Ponding of tributaries from the south by the aggrading of the river valleys added to backwater from the flooded rivers and resulted in their alluviation. The filling of the Green River and its tributary streams was partly normal material brought in from the headwaters and partly material brought in by the glacial backwater. Evidence to confirm this is found in the presence of pebbles and sand in the alluvium which are distinctly glacial in derivation, the decrease in altitude upstream of the fill near the mouths of streams, and the localization of coarser material and development of torrential crossbedding in the stream�mouth areas.

Pedology Based on origin and position, the unconsolidated

surficial materials (7), which are geologically much younger than the underlying, consolidated bedrock materials have been broadly divided into three groups (see Figure 7): soils derived from alluvium located on stream terraces and flood plains, soils derived from loess­located on uplands and local alluvium, and soils derived from sandstone and shale with a thin loess cover.

Original deposits of loess were as much as SO feet thick to the west. The loess was transported by wind from the north and west and diminished in thickness from northwest to southeast. The loess cover has been further reduced in thickness by erosion. The loess is composed mainly of silt-sized particles and was apparently somewhat calcareous at the time of deposition. Soils including the Memphis, Loring, Grenada, and Calloway have developed from the loess deposits.

The underlying sandstone and interbedded shale are of the Pennsylvanian age ·· with limestone making up only a minor part of the bedrock. Soils that developed from this weathered sandstone and shale include the Muskingum, Litz, Gilpin, Wellston, and Zanesville. Some

1 2

loess covered the sandstone and thus was involved in the development of these soils.

Alluvial deposits of variable origins are extensive along the larger streams in the areas. The Ohio River and the Green River have large drainage basins and have brought in sediment from all materials found in their respective drainage areas. Sedimentary rocks, consisting of sandstone, shale and limestone, are extensive in the watersheds of both rivers. Loess also covers large areas of both watersheds. Other parent materials in the drainage areas of these rivers have contributed mineral sediments which have weathered to varying degrees. Accordingly, the soils of the bottom lands along the Ohio and Green Rivers vary widely in texture. Soils situated nearer the river channel are sandy, whereas soils located some distance from the river channel are generally of finer texture. Soils located nearest to the limestone regions reflect the influence of the limestone by their dark colors. These soils belong to the Huntington, Lindside, Newark, and Egam series.

The tributary streams have smaller drainage basins, and therefore, the deposits along these streams consist of sediment from nearby loess-covered uplands. Soils that formed on these stream bottom lands are silty like the loess. The soils include the Adler, Birds, Collins, Falaya, Morganfield, Wakeland, and Waverly series.

Fine-textured soils evolved from alluvial deposits on terraces of the major streams. These soils include the Markland and McGary series. Soils that formed on terraces of the smaller streams generally are more silty because of their proximity to the loess uplands. Some of these soils are the Uniontown, Henshaw, and Patton.

DESCRIPTION OF EARTH MATERIALS

Consolidated (Bedrock) Materials Bedrock rna terials (Pennsylvanian Age) in the area

consist of interbedded sandstones, shales, sandy shales, coals, and limestones of the Pottsville, Allegheny, and Conemaugh geologic series (8). A stratigraphic section of these materials is shown in Figure 6. From older to younger, the geologic formations in the area are the Caseyville, Tradewater, Carbondale, Lisman, McLeansboro, and Dixon. A view of geological outcrops in the area is shown in Figure 8.

The Caseyville Sandstone is typically a massive cliff.forming, crossbedded formation which is usually, coarse grained and frequently contains silica or limonite; the latter is often irregularly distributed. These limonitic bands appear to be controlled partly by bedding, including crossbedding, and partly by concretionary matter in development. The pebbles are vein quartz measuring one-half inch or less in diameter. Associated

-w

CJ GROUP I

- GROUP D

IIIIIIIJ GROUPm

Figure 7.

L E G E N D

SOILS FROM ALLUVIUM ON STREAM TERRACES AND FLOOD PLAINS

SOILS FROM LOESS ON UPLANDS AND LOCAL ALLUVIUM

SOILS FROM SANDSTONE AND SHALE WITH T H I N LOESS

�.:

1r

@ H

"' ·-· � �0 •7•6

� a> � 10 " 0

SOILS WEBSTER COUNTY

� 50 � 40 � 30

'"

':1 """lllllllllbrfljjj SOILS

HOPKINS COUNTY

SOilS HENDERSON COUNTY

Map Showing the 'l'hree Major Soil Divisions of the Western Coal Field.

00 §so �40 � 30 . .. � 101-- •->·•

SOILS

MUHLENBERG COUNTY

�"[Ji'

� 60 ;� � -· " '" g

0 0 "-

SOILS

M<:LEAJ<I COUNTy

foo�··S

" '" � , ro > " " � >0 A··

_ " 0

SOILS 11AOCOCK COUNTY

>:: 50 � � 40 • oo

w

'�1 mniiiiiiiiiii •.•.• !WJ SOILS

�"Li. ... � ao -• ._,

� Zo g 10 0 • " 0

SOILS BUTLER COUNTY

Figure 8. View of the Geology of the Western Coal Field Exposed in a Highway Cot on the Green River Parkway.

with the sandstones are shale layers varying from I to 100 feet in thickness. Kyrock (Kentucky rock asphalt) is a pebbly sandstone member locally impregnated with bitumen at Kyrock and vicinity in Edmonson County. It is the lower conglomerate and a channel fill which may be traced into Hart, Green, Taylor, and Larue Counties. This Caseyville conglomerate is regarded as the equivalent of the Rockcastle Conglomerate in Eastern Kentucky and the Sharon Conglomerate in Ohio. The Caseyville outcrops in the rugged border belt of the Western Coal Field. Its thickness varies from 200 to 500 feet or more with its rrmximum attained in the pre-Pennsylvanian valley fills. In Edmonson County, the lower sandstone has a thickness of 250 feet. Northward it is generally absent or present as local lenses. Oil and gas are recovered from the Caseyville formation.

Above the Caseyville is the No. Ia Coal seam. The Tradewater (Upper Pottsville) is predominantly a shale formation bounded below by the Caseyville. It occurs in layers ranging from 400 to 700 feet thick. Sandstones of the lower portion of the Tradewater Formation are subordinate, usually fine-grained, and shaly. A list and descriptions of some of these sandstones follow:

1 4

A. The Grindstaff Sandstone in the lower part of the formation is found in Union County lying just above the No. Ia Coal. It is fine grained, light gray, and finely indurated. The sharp-edged fragments located in stream beds do not readily abrade and "round off."

B. The Finnie Sandstone lies just above the No. 2 Coal. This massive sandstone is exposed along the Ohio River near Caseyville in Union County and is found only in the western counties. It is highly ferruginous and sometimes weathers to a honeycombed surface. It attains a thickness of 80 feet.

C. The Aberdeen Sandstone is a massive cliff.forming sandstone member 30 to 100 feet thick in Butler County. It is medium to coarse grained, friable, and micaceous.

D. The Curlew Sandstone, exposed in Union County, is massive, friable, crossbedded, and cliff.forming. It is about 50 feet thick with a well�marked unconformity at its base and is located slightly above the Curlew Limestone. It is present in a large portion of

the Western Coal Field. E. The Curlew Limestone is also exposed in

Union County at Indian Hill and consists of two beds of limestone, each two feet thick, and a bed of shale (IS feet) between the two beds. The upper limestone ledge lies about 25 feet below the Curlew Sandstone. The limestone is blue-gray' argillaceous, and weathers to a residual, porous, chalky chert. It occurs also in Hancock County as 3 or 4 ledges of limestone, each of which may be 1 0 feet thick. The lower limestone ledge usually forms the roof of the Lead Creek Coal. A prominent layer of flint occurs in a crinoidal limestone 7 feet above the base. One of the middle layers weathers yellow and is honeycombed. One upper ledge is a dark blue limestone with large crinoid stems.

F. The Stonefort Limestone located just above the horizon of the Curlew Sandstone is found in Union, Ohio, Daviess, and Butler Counties and is correlated with the argillaceous limestone located above the Lewisport Coal in Hancock County.

The Tradewater is subordinate as a coal producer. Commercial seams in this formation include the Empire, Mannington, and No. 2 Coal. The Carbondale is the greatest coal-bearing formation in the Western Coal Field. It is made up of shales, sandstones, and some limestones. It includes the Sebree Sandstone as its base and is capped by the Anvil Rock Sandstone. Its thickness varies from 250 to 650 feet. There are numerous mine tunnels, some at relatively shallow depths, and extensive strip-mined spoil areas from earlier generations. Drainage waters through such areas are often highly copperas, requiring special consideration in the design and maintenance of drainage structures.

The Sebree Sandstone is a massive, coarse�grained, cliff-forming sandstone. It is 40 to 50 feet thick in places, but locally it may be only I 0 to 12 feet thick. It is the first coarse sandstone above the Caseyville and is mainly responsible for the rugged hills of the Rough Creek Fault zone. Much of the cement is ferruginous; sand ironstone plates and seams are prominent. Provident Limestone, a blue agrillaceous limestone with varying compositions and irregular bedding, is the most prominent limestone in the Carbondale and is located a few feet above the No. I I Coal. It is a valuable horizon marker, although locally it may be thin and discontinuous. In Webster County, it may be 5 to 8 feet thick.

The Lisman Formation extends from the base of the Anvil Rock Sandstone to the base of the Dixon Sandstone. Its thickness may vary from 900 to 1000

feet. It is composed of soft shales, sandy shales, soft sandstones, and occasional limestones. The No. 9� 13, and 14 Coals are situated in the lower part of this formation. The Madisonville Limestone is also located in this fonnation.

Anvil Rock Sandstone is a coarse, loosely cemented, ferruginous, usually massive, and crossbedded sandstone which is locally conglomeritic. It is coarser than the Sebree. In Webster County, it may be 20 to 40 feet thick; while in Henderson County it reaches a thickness of I 25 feet. It varies considerably in apparent stratigraphic position. Usually, it occurs between the No. 1 2 and No. 14 Coal seams. It is sometimes found above the No. 12 Coal, sometimes below the No. 12 Coal, and sometimes splitting this coal into two seams.

The Madisonville Limestone is an impure, blue to dark gray, homogeneous to brecciated limestone. In Webster and Hopkins Counties, the limestone occurs as three ledges, each 7 to 9 feet thick. The zone may be 25 to 40 feet thick and 200 feet above the base of the Lisman. The interbedded shale is red. This limestone is quarried at Madisonville.

The Dixon is the youngest formation of the Pennsylvanian in Kentucky and is bounded below by the base of the Dixon Sandstone. It outcrops in Webster and Hopkins Counties and may be over 400 feet thick. A number of recognized members include:

A. The Dixon Sandstone is a medium to fine�grained sandstorte and varies from massive and hard to seamed, soft, and even argillaceous. It is frequently crossbedded and has a maximum thickness of 50 to 60 feet with a usual range of 10 to 30 feet.

B. Bald Hill Shale is often marly and leadish colored to green with purplish mottling. Thin coals and limestones occur in the formation. In the marly phase, nodules of iron carbonate as well as nodules and lenses of impure limestone occur. In part of the marly phase, vugs of fluorspar, galena, and sphalerite are found. At the top of the formation, marine fossils occur in a few inches of the marly shale or limestone which overlies a thin coal.

C. The Vanderburg Sandstone is also a medium­to coarse-grained, loosely cemented sandstone normally I 5 to 30 feet thick; it may be as much as 60 feet thick. Its appearance is much like the Dixon Sandstone.

D. Mt. Gilead Shales are exposed in Webster County and have the same character as the Bald Hill Shales. Thickness of the formation varies from ISO to 200 feet. They become sandier in the upper part of the formation, grading into the Mt. Gilead Sandstone

1 5

member. The Mt. Gilead Shales weather to a rusty yellow. The limestones are thin and inconspicuous with the exception of a local lens which may be 20 to 30 feet thick, located 2 miles southwest of Mt. Gilead. Also, the limestones are earthy or brecciated.

E. Mt. Gilead Sandstone is a soft sandstone 20 to 30 feet thick. It is tbe youngest known member of the Pennsylvanian System in the Western Coal Field and is found only in a limited area of Webster County.

Engineering properties of a few representative rock specin1ens obtained from the geologic formations of the Western Coal Field are tabulated in Appendix A. Specific locations from which test specinlens were obtained are given in tbis appendix and shown in Figure 16. The limestone specimens had tbe highest strength values. The unconfined compressive strengths of tbese specimens ranged from about 14,000 to 18,000 psi and averaged 15,000 psi. Sandstone specimens had unconfined compressive strengths that ranged between 1 ,000 and 8,000 psi and averaged about 5,000 psi. Unconfined compressive strengths of tbe shales ranged form about 3,000 psi to a value slightly less tban 6,000 psi. Permeability tests indicate tbe shales and limestones are impervious. However, the sandstones are quite pervious, having permeability constants that were as high as 340 millidacys. Generally, sclerescope hardness values indicate the limestone specimens were much harder tban the sandstone and shale samples. Dry unit weights of all samples ranged from I 46 to I 68 pounds per cubic foot.

Unconsolidated (Surficial) Materials The major soil associations located in each of the

ten counties of tbe Western Coal Field are shown in Figures 9 through 18. Pedological descriptions of the major soil associations are presented in Appendix B. Numbers shown in tbose figures correspond to those shown in Appendix B. Each association consists of one or more major soils and at least one minor soil; the soil association is named for the major soils. Soils in one association may occur in another association but in a different pattern, as illustrated in Figures 19 and 20. Engineering soils data retrieved from highway records and plans of tbe Bureau of Highways, Kentucky Department of Transportation, are presented in Appendix C. These data are listed by county. The numbered bore-hole locations of the soil samples referred to in Appendix C are shown in Figures 9 through 18.

The unconsolidated materials of tbe Western Coal Field consist predominantly of clays and silty clays.

1 6

Those soils classify by tbe AASHO and Unified Systems mainly as A-4 and A-6 and CL and ML-CL, respectively. Distributions of the different soil classes (Unified System) for each of three major soil groups (Figure 7) are shown in Figure 21. Distributions of the AASHO classes of the top soil horizons for each county, except Union, are shown in Figure 7. Average engineering test results of all data for each of the three major soils groups are compared in Table 3. Typical engineering classifications of the soils of the major soil associations of tbe area are shown in Table 4 (9, 10, 11 ). General characteristics and relative desirability ratings for various engineering uses of the soils of the Western Coal Field can be obtained by using tbe Unified Classification of the soils and charts presented in Appendix D ( 12 ). Typical engineering interpretations of tbe major soil associations in the area are shown in Table 5 (12).

REFERENCES

I. Characteristics of Population, Bureau of the Census, 1970.

2. County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census, 1968.

3. McGrain, P., Schwalb, H. R., and Smith, G. E., Economic Geology of Hancock County, Kentucky, Kentucky Geological Survey, 1970.

4. McCabe, John A., Floods in Kentucky -Magnitude and Frequency, Kentucky Geological Survey, I 962.

5. Hendrickson, G. E., Summary of Occurrence of Ground Water in Kentucky, US Geological Survey, 1958.

6. McFarlan, A. C., Geology of Kentucky, The University of Kentucky, I 943.

7. Converse, H. T., Jr. and Cox, F. R., Jr., Soil Survey of Henderson County, Kentucky, Soil Conservation Service, 1967.

8. Maxwell, B. W. and DeVaul, R. W., Availability of Groundwater in Hopkins and Webster Counties, Kentucky, US Geological Survey, I 962.

9. Jacobs, E. H., Soil Report, Morganfield, Kenf!Lcky and Adjacent Areas, Soil Conservation Service, 1970.

10. Jacobs, E. H., Soil Report, Providence, Kentucky and Adjacent Area, Soil Conservation Service, 1970.

I I. Fehr, J. P., Soil Report, Madisonville, Earlington and Dawson Springs Area, Kentucky, .Soil Conservation Service, I 970.

I 2. Engineering Soil Classification for Residential Developments, Federal Housing Administration, 1959.

+

0

20

+

SAMPLE LOCAT IONS 95 105

30 40 50 60 80

85

90 100 110

G R E E N R I V E R P A R KWAY

Figure 9.

GENERAL SOIL MAP

N

B U T L E R C O U N T Y K ENT UCKY 165 174

150 160 170

Map of Butler County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway !loring Locations.

SCALE

17

SAMPLE LOCATIONS

1 8

GENERAL SOIL MAP DAVIESS COUNTY

�ENTUCKY

SCALE .SAMPLE

PARKWAY

'"

"

"

"

M "

"

...... ..,. ......

., > .. � �

" � " 11:

� w � � z w

" w �

" "

"

.J"t,.'������,���' �"' ..,. ..... .

Figure 10.

' I I 1 I I 1'1 I

1 1 4 120 130

136 +

LOCATIONS

Map of Daviess County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway !loring Locations.

,,., .. ......

,. ... .

SAMPLE LOCATIONS

N

1

1 3

5

u s 60 SAMPLE LOCAT I O N S

Figure n .

G E N E R A L S O I L M A P H A N C O C K COU N TY

K E N T U C K Y

SCALE

0 0 "

c 0 u

Map of Hancock CoWity Showing the Major Soil Associatiom and l:lighway Boring l.ocatiom.

0 c

37' '

1 9

AUDUBON PARKWAY

SAMPLE. LOCATIONS

Figure 12.

20

...... <) ...... +

0 I H T '

G ENERAL SO I L MAP

N

r

H E N D E R S O N C O U N T Y KENTUCKY

Map of Henderson Connty Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Locations.

SCACE

Figure 13. Map of Hopkins County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Locations.

GENERAL SOil MAP HOPKINS COUNTY

KJNTUCKY 50ALE

"' "'

> c ., � £ � .. > � u � ... " .. �

" " .. ... 0 .. �

.. � . ...... •

2 1

�··

37'40L

·�·

K Y 56 I

k S A M PLE LOCAT IONS

SOURCE: Gene� a I Highway Map, M�:Lean Cauoty, Kenlueky.

�··

Figure 14.

22

S1"15'

Sl"\5'

Sl"\0'

GENERAL SOIL MAP McLEAN COU NTY

K E N T U C KY SCALE

Map of McLean County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Locations.

M!rcll l971

·�·

�··

.,.,.-., U N � y

' 0 0 0

Figure 15. Map of Muhlenberg County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Locations.

"

,. "' " � "' "' �

� ,. z � " " u • " u t- 0 z " w � w " •

> z • "' � w t-m w "'

"

GENERAL SOIL MAP MUHLENBERG COUNTY

KENTUCKY

SCALE

2 3

·�,, \!11

I !

SAMPLE LOCATIONS

"""" ""'!c

"'

...... , ..•.

+

W E STE RN

'"

K E N TUCK Y

,,.

PARK WA Y

GENERAL O H I O

N

� T

SOIL M AP COUNTY

K E NTUCKY

L.-----.-----.------,-----,---···r--·-·-T

Figure 16.

24

Map of Ohio County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Rock Specimen Locations.

"' .. " "

�---242

-· - -- -��� '" '"

SAMPLE LOCATIONS

ROC!( SAMPLE

oc w > "

z w '" � "

0 0 (I

N � " I

Figure 17. Map of Union Connty Showing the Major Soil Associations.

'

J

G E N ERAL SOIL MAP UNION COUNTY

KENTUCKY SCALE

25

Figure 18.

26

c o) u N 1 Y

Map of Webster County Showing the Major Soil Associations and Highway Boring Locations.

Figure 19.

Figure 20.

Block Diagrams Showing Parent Material, Position and Pattern of Soils in the Memphis-Wakeland Association.

GILPIN-WELLSTON

lllock Diagram Showing Parent Material, Position and Pattern of Soils in the Loring-ZanesYille-Wellston Association.

2 7

50

40 """ z w u 0:: 30 w a_ >-u � 20 :::> 0 w 0:: lL

10

0

28

GROUP ill : SO I L S DE R I V E D FROM SANDSTONE A N D SHALE W I T H T H I N LOE S S

TES T RESULTS Or 988 SOIL SAMPLES

sw

C L

Figure 21. Distributions of the Different Soil Classes (Unified System) for Each of the Three Major Soil Divisions io the Western Coal Field.

TABLE 3

COMPARISON OF THE AVERAGE ENGINEERING TEST DATA OF SOILS IN EACH OF THE THREE MAJOR SOILS GROUPS OF THE

WESTERN COAL FIELD

GROUP I GROUP II GROUP Ill

= 0 "' t'l <::: .,. � "'

0

<!) =., .t::J .s -. "' � � ..2 ] li1 0 ..... 0 ..... '"" 1-< � � "

� iS --S

Textural a

AASHOb

Unifiedc

+No. 4 (> 4.76 mm) Coarse Sand (4.76 mm to 0.42 mm) Fine Sand (0.42 mm to 0.074 mm) Silt (0.074 mm to 0.005 mm) Clay (< 0.005 mm) Colloids (< 0.001 mm)

Liquid Limit (percent)e

Plastic Limit (percent/ Plasticity Index (percent)f

Field Moisture Equivalent (percent )ll

Shrinkage Limit (percent)h

Shrinkage Ratioh

Specific Gravityi

California Bearing Ratio (percent� Optimum Moisture Content �ercertt )k

Maximum Dry Density (pcf)

SOILS SOILS

Clay Clay Loam

A-6(6) A-6(7)

CL CL

2.4 1.9 2.8 3.4

21.9 20.4 42.6 46.0 30.3 28.3 18.5 17.2

30.4 31.7 19.4 20.8 1 1.0 10.9

23.7 24.6

23.0 23.2

1.67 1.66

2.69 2.69

7.2 8.3

16.2 16.3 1 10.6 1 10.1

aKY-64-509-69, Manual for Soil Consultants, Kentucky Bureau of Highways b AASHO M 1 45-66 I cASTM D 2487-69 d ASTM D 422-63 (1972) eASTM D 423-66 (1972) fASTM D 424-59 (1971) gAASHO T-93 hASTM D 427-61 (1967) iASTM D 854-58 (1972) iASTM D 1 883-67 kASTM D 698-70

SOILS

Clay

A-6(7)

CL

2.4 4.3

23.6 37.0 32.7 19.4

33.1 20.5 12.6

23.0

2 1 .7

1.68

2.69

6.9

16.1 1 10.9

29

30

SOIL

Bonnie silt loam

Csllowoy sill loom

Cap!lno silt loom

O.kalb very stony loam

Dckovon oilt loam Dckovon �lty day loam

Egam silt loom E:gam oUty day loom

Elk !ilt loam, 0 to 2 p<roont �opeo Elk oilt lo.am, 2 to 6 p<roont �opeo

Falaya silt loam

Gilpin !ill loom

Ginot ��� loam GinO! !illy day loom

Grenada .Ut loom

Hend:tow �It loom

Hun!lngton fino sandy loam

Loring .Ut loam

McGary •ilt loom

Melvin silt loam Melvin •illy clay loom

Momphls oUt loam

Newark •ill loam

Patton ��� loaon Patton �It looon, o><rwod:t P•noo silty doy loom

Sadlor silt loam

Sciotovillo fmo sandy loom Sciolo\lillo frno s:rndy loam

Sh.orkey silty clay Shorkey !!lty clay loom

Stoff !ill loom

Stondol silt loom

Uniontown silt loom

Wakelond ,m loam

Waverly ollt loom

Welker! ohannory silt loam

Wollo<on silt loom

Zanesville silt loom

Prom Reforence• 7, 9, 10 and 11

TABLE 4 TYPICAL ENGINI!ERING CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE SOILS OF 1BE MAJOR

SOIL ASSOCIATIONS IN THE WI!STERN COAL FIElD

'�" DEPTH TO FROM BEDROCK SURFACE

(FEET) {INCHES)

5-10+

5-15

1 1/2-3

'"'

5-10+

1 1/2-3

5-15

5-15

'"'

'"'

,,

'"'

' '

S-10+

5-10+

5-8+

"

''

,, 7-18 JS-38 38-40+

..• 8-26 26-42+

7-18 18-�0t

" ' 8-43+

"' 7·25 25-32

0-24 24-28 28-48

0·15 25-48 48-60

0-20 2ll-48+

"" 12-4& 28-45 45-60

6-14 14-42+

"'

24-36+

'" 13-43 43-6(1+

" ' 6-36+

'" 24-36 36-42+

" 7-24 24-41 41-60

'" 8-20 20-36 36-42+

6-28 2S-42+

0-60

"" 12-34 34-60

""

12-18

0-13 13-37 37·60+

USDA TEXTUIU!

Silt loam

Sllt loam SUI loom Silty day loom

Sllt loom Sllty clay loom Fino !ill loam Silty clay loom

Very •tony loom Vory •lony fine Silndy loam Very rooky >IIndy loam

Silt loam Silt loam Silty clay loam

Silty cl•y loam or silt lo•m Silt loam Silty cloy loam

Silt loam Silty cloy loam

Silt loam

Silt loam Silty cloy loam Chonnory sandy clay loam

Silt loom or !ilty doy loam Silty doy lo.am Silty day loom

Silt loom Silty clay loom Silt loam

Silt loam Stlty clay loam Slit loom

Pine sandy lo.am Fine sandy loam or loanty 50nd

Silt loam Silty clay loom Silt day_ loam Silt loam

Silt loam Silty clay Si�y olily

Silty clay loam or silt loam Silty cloy loam

Silt loom Silty doy loom Silt loam

Silt loam Silt loam

Silt loonl or •ilty clay loom Sllty clay loam Slit loam

Silt loam Silt loam Silt loa•n Silty cloy loam

Fino Sfludy loom Clay loam �m Clay loom

Silty olay or silty clay loom Cloy Silty clay

SUI loam

Slit loam

Silt loom SUty clay loam Silt loam

Silt loom

Silt loom

Chonnery !ilt loom Channory sUty clay loam

Srlt loam Silty cloy loam Cloy loam

Silt loom SUty cloy loom Silty oloy loom Silly oloy loom

CLASSIFICATION

UNIFIED AAllHO

ML or MU:L A-4

ML A-4 ML or MU:L A-4 MU:L or CL A·6

ML A-4 CL A-6 CL A·6

A·6 or A-7

SM or ML A-2 or A-4 SM A-2 or A-4 SM A-2 or A-4

ML or CL A-4 or A-6 MI. or CL A-4 or A-6 CL A-6 or A-7

ML or CL A-4 ur A-6 ML or CL A-6 CL or CH A·ti or A·7

Mlor CL A-4or A-6 CL C-6 or A-7

ML or ML-CL A-4

ML A-4 CL or ML-CL A-4 or A-6 ML or SM A-4

ML or CL A-4 or A-6 CL A-6 or A-7 CL A-7

ML or ML-CL A-4 CL A-6 MU:L A-4 or A·6

ML or CL A-4 or A·6 CL A-6 CL A·6

SM or ML SM or ML

"'

CL or MU:L CL or Ml.-CL ·�· ML or CL CL or CH CL or CH

ML or CL "

ML or CL ML or CL

ML or CL " "

"'

ML or ML-CL ML or ML-CL "

� " ML or CL "

CL or CH CL or CH CL or CH

ML or ML-CL

ML or ML-CL

ML or CL " "

ML or MU:l

ML or MU:L

"'

GP-GC or CC

"'

"

ML or CL

MC CL or MU:L CL or MU:L CL or MU:L

A-2 or A-4 A-2 or A-4

A-4 or A-6 ' ' ' '

A-4 or A-6 ,.,

A-4 or A·ti A-4 or 1\-ti

A-4 or A-6 A-6 or A·7 ' '

M A-4 or 1\-6 A-4 or 1\·6 ..

A-2 or A-4 ,. A-4 or A·fi ' '

' '

,.,

' '

A-4 or A-6 ... ...

'4 A-1, A·2 or 1\·4

'4 ... A-4 or A-6

M , .• ,.. A-4 or A-6

PERMEAIIILliT (INCHES/HOUR)

0.63

0.6� 0,6� 0.06

0.6� "'

;.oo ;.oo ,.00 0.63 0.63 "·' 0.63 " ' " '

0.63 "·'

0.63

0.6� 0.63 0.63

0.63 "·'

0.61 · � 0.63

0.63 0.20 0.63

0.63 0.63 0.20 0.63

0.63

0.63 "·'

0.63 0.63 0.63

0.63 0.63

0.63 o; "·' 0.63 0,63 0.20 0.63

'·" 0.63

o; "·'

0.63

0.63

0.63 0.63 0.63

0.63

0.63

;.oo ;.oo

"' 0.63 0.63

0.63 0.63 0.20 0.63

,.00

;.oo '·00 0.20

w 0.63

< 0.2 0.63

6.30 6.30 6.30

' "

'·"

0,63

' " 0.63 0.63

'·" 0.63

2,00

;.oo ;.oo ,.00 w 0.63

< 0.2

2.00 0.20 ,.00

2.00 0.63 ,.00

> 6.3 > 6.3

,.00 ,.00 0.63 , 00

' " < 0.2 < "

w 0.63

,.00 ; oo ;.oo '·" '·"

'·" 0.63 0.63

;.oo ,.00 0.63 ;.oo o ; '·"

< 0.2 0.63

0.63 < 0.063 < 0.063

;.oo ,00

, 00 1,00 ;oo 2.00

,.00

6.30 6.30

,.00 ,.00 0.63 ,.00

ColloW>> illl lrum

D<bl" "" "'"'looun

...

f�•>"' '"' loom

""'"'''" l�o•

� ........ ''" lo .. o

Lo""' 011 l"'m

''"" "" loom

&lo""'"'

Sh.,,,,.

'"""" loom

Slood>l illtloo ..

U.looOO.,. illl ""m

...... �·· '"' '"'"'

"""'-' '"' """"

"""'"" illo loom

'"'' "''" '" �··"� '""""'� "bi< O i o li>fool

""'' "'""'� hf<h w"" ""' 1/l t o l l/l f<'l

'"'" """ "'"" ;r

,;��·;!' ?,.,)_,�.'' "'" " '"'"'

Good; '""'"" hi"'""'" �bl• ll21o l l/2 foot

••. , ""''"•I• '"' "'"""'

h;"""'''"" "'' "'"'""'

•• ,,,,..,,.1 W"' wal<o tobl< tn I• I 1/l I<«

,,;,, ""''"'" cl.,..,,..,,

folo, ""'"'" <o low ,l,y

.,,, ,. , ...

''" '' """'

Good; oo '"'" ' ''"

Good; """"'I -�- "''"" ""' l lll to ' '"'

Good, "'"'"'' hJoh Wo\" ... � l/l to l l/1 1<<1

'''" ,.,.,, "" """''"""'

<J.OO; ....... I "'" ""•II> <o l l/l l«t

'"'' """""" "'' "'"""

Fili,mo""" 'la>

Foornltol• 7, ,,/fJu>lll

u.,lt,;!o; ''"""" ""' rn""lol

u.,.ltoblo,

u'""l'"'''

u"'"'""l•,

u .... , •• , ••

TABLE 5 Yl'�'i:C/1� J:l\'XOMB!IlUNC lNT!!IU'RETATIONS OF HIE SOILS Oi' THE MAJOR

SOIL ASSOCIATIONS IN THE WESTERN COAL FlEU>

•�•: A .. : mod"m to ""' rornpo<uiblllty; "''""'' M$1> wot« �b� o " lf:l r�,,

F�o, A .. " A-6,

"'"'=l h'<h wol" ""'• ll' to < l/2 f<ot

""'•: llrnlt•0 9"'"""· '"'"' '""''"1""0

Fo&: A .. ; ""''""' oomp•mlbmt,. �="' "�" .... ., ""'• l l l t o l l!2 f<<l

HlG!IWAY lOCATION

f1ooorno; ""''""' ""''""'""" ........ oJ """ '""" lob� 0 to

i!,;.,';"" liqooiO<t�o

·�· '",.,.,, '""'I"'' """""' ""'"""""" "'"'"'l hJohWO"' Ubi< I/> to I I/> 1«1

'"''"' t o """"'"" �'"'"" '""' wot«

:::;:.:":�:·""'' to

, .......... . "'"" I LJ2 to Hut to b''"'''

""'i"' '" "="··· �.,.� ""' "''" "blo, <t""•""' t• r,,, ,.,;,.,

·'""i"t to -1mo; '"�''""� " ''"'

:.�;·

,.-;,:;""'' ''<�>

.O,bj<<l '" ""'�'"" '"'"'hblo to f"'"

Floodto" """""' "'mp•miOmt>: "'""'I ht"' w"" ""'• 1/l to l ll> foet;llq"f"ll'" ''"''

l'<>o><; A4 '' A-6; I !I> to J f"t to ''"'"' m<dlo"' to ·�" '"''· ""'' ''"1"0: ""''"'"blllty """"" "'"'"m>obty

''"" " f•l•

!'ok, A4 "' A�; ""'""" " "'I' ""'''"'"''"t" ''"""'I "'"' wo1" ""'' ol l [J2 to > f«O

'""'' �"""' '""' ""''" ""� !11 to J ll> r .. " "''''""' " ''"' ""''"��lllty

Pooc, A4ocU, ""d!orn lo h'"' ""'""�lbOLty; �',';;";',:�- wot« ""�

c,;,, A 4 " A� ""'""" " ·�h ""'"""iliJUty

f'o;<; A4 to AO, "'''"""' " ..... ""'""�'"Illy, "''""'' ""' wot" ""' 1 rn '" ' 1 .. ,

rolo, A4, m•Jlum "'"''""''""'· "''""'I '""' �"" �b� ' 1/l " ' ....

Pol<: A4; """"'" ""'''"""'"•· "'"'"d ,,.., "'"' ""' 1/l to I 1/2 looo

"''" ...... � hloh .. ,., "Ok 1 to J fo<t; ""''""'to ""' <Om,<Hiblllt>

Fol<; '""' dl<j>o�loo; ........ "''" �"'· l/2 to l l/> f"""""""' """'"""'"" ""'''""

foO. A .. ; """"m lo hl$h ""'''"'10Jllly, o=oool ''"" """""' " " 1/> foot

'"*" " """""'' � ..... , "'"' "'" """ "'"'''Jbl<to looot O<ItOO

···· ·· """' "''""' """" "' t o """ ""''""" IOLILLy. $�<0"'1 h1sh "'"'""'' ' l/ 1 t o > '"'

S..ocool hlsh w"" "'1• 1/> to l l/1 ''"· """"'' ,,., .. <ohl"' =n'""lb<lot>

S.bjoo t l o O""''"-'' l�hly '"''"' '" •mb•tk"""" '"""� llb[< \o loo•l •<tloo io p1•=

' '" ' f" ' ' " "''"" d ··�· '""" ""' """'"' " """ "'""'""'"I'"

""'" " " '"I"'""' flood�" """'"'' •w. ... t .. lob�; 'I'"" "'"'"' "�''""'' '" '"" '"'" Snbj« t o o floodl•g; '""'"'l it!"' w"" '"""'"'"'" " pi•"" lo ""'" .�"''

::::::""1• 10 leo"

M<Olnm to ""' ""''"'""'"'

'""''" " """''"'' �••m•l "'" w"" ""''· ··�·•""� "

''"" '""'"

'""J«I to'"'"'"" R.OOI••· """"'1""" ""' ""'· '"'"'""' " '"" "'"'"

hlo \o poO' '"'""" o•dlom to""' '""P"H '"''"'· "'"'""' hi"' ..... .. bi• 1 II > L o 2 1<<1

'"*" " '"'""""' ""'"'"'"""""'' "'"' "'"' "'I" '""''""'' " lootl ... �. '""i'" " ""'""'' � .... � hlhh '"" ""�' .�"'' """''' .. ,, h'<h ........ w.u .... ,,,,, "'"'''""' oo loruo ootloo

Flood� •. """'"' romp«Wbolly; �HOO oJhW..-.t« tobl• 1 1/ > to , , .. , Floodlng, m<d!orn rom'"'""'"'"""""" " ·�- """' tobl< J/2

:::..' .�.�"t· ""'''·�

l�oo� ""''" '' "'"" �'"' """'m to '""' romp"'"""'"

1/l to l l / l f«o•o �"'""' "'"' �"'"

�::"' ""'''""0'

Floodlog, """'"' "'"'''"''"""" �·"""' ..... ..... tobi< O to l/2 1oot, '""r'""' ""''

"""' "" ""'I"" '"'""'"''' """'' q'"'omy; ,..,. ""' ""''ow: 11> to I J/2 "'" ""' """ "'""" ''" " "''

PW; H oo U; pWtk, M,o;,m "''"'"""'"''' m<41om <Ompo"'"'""' """"' ' " l f«tln

,,.,, A-<1; """"''" to hf<h -"'"'"""" " '""" '""" �"" tdl• l to J f .. t

' " ' ''" " """" oJ ""' '""" ""'' """""' to hloh "'"''"',_ :•l:;::,t::::· """"'

Mod"'",.,.,,,.

Clhty . ..... "'' '"�· ...... .... . O to ll> loot

"" ''""" '''""'''

""' ""''I''' '"' ""'"""�'

... .. ,.,.,, '""';'''"' '""'"'"""' '""i"tto pipl••

'"hJ•" '"n"' '"'""""' •

-''""''" .. " "'"'

"'"'"� """ "''" ... � " 0 to 1/2 '""'

"''"'"''" "'0''' ''"'"''· ""'' "'"""'' � .. � ...

GRl\S"'O WATERWAYS

""'I' lml ..... '"'"''"'I' ..... :�.''"""� '""·

"'"''' 1<"<1, '"� ''" ""'�···· '"'"'' dmo•d

Slow """'"'"'" '"''"'" '""'"d '""' '"'t" " ;,,.., of 15 " lD loclto• "'�· ''fr""ll 1o "'"'"

'"EUNI'

OOMITRUCflON AND MAINTENANCE

flood!oo; �"""' w"' .,_,., tob� O to ll>loot

l l«tto ooclolo '"'"' ""''"'"'"'' "'"'""t"""'' ll' oo l l/l f«t

I 112 lo ""'"' "'''"'' ""' "' ...

'"'"'" " '""'' """i"' " "'""""" .. olp�g ""' '"' "'""� ��· �"" ... �

'""i'" " """"

""""'" '""""'" """" "'"'""' "'"' wo"' tobl• l{:l o o l l/2 1<"

'"'

"'"' '"bULLy ... ""'''"."' "'"i'" " ··�··

··" '""'"' ""' '"'"'"";,., I L/ 2 to 3 f<<L " ""I'"''

"""'' '""'""'' "''"'"'' "'"' '"'"'"""'" •""""'' �'"'

�:"'"'"'

All ''"""' ''"""''

Highly P"""'"''

��� ... �·�: 'I'"'· '"''"' " """'"''

folo to poo< "''ill" '"' romp,.lloo;

::t� .... ::.�"'

'''J«t to ptplog, hlgh '"'"'"',;,'

'' " " '"' '""'"'' " ' =>""''"""·

::.� .... :b�:"'

"'""'"''I ,,.,.,;,l {soo• '" "'")

''"''" t" ''""' " ""'"

Mod«•l< ''""" M<Olurn lo h�h Ollloy ""''""'""''

""""" ... � " ' " '"b"'tl

�;;;:"' ""

All'""'" ''"""''

"'''"" """"'"""'· "'"""-th'<h w"" ""]' l ll > to 1 1«t

"''"'" ... ., .. b!Uty; KO.,rul htoh w"� LoOk < L I /l to l l/2 r .. t

""" ....... I "''"""''· .......... ... .,. ""'· '""""' " """'""'

"''""'' p<•m" OJbly: �"""'I hloh w>l" �01< C Lo t!' loot

'"'' "'""· Wl!ow to "'"

"'''"" "'""'' "''"'

AJJ I""'" '""'"''

"""'"•

S•bi<" to plpi"

I'"'"'"'· '"'I"' " plpi"

F>lo lo f""• '"''I"' '"' """''""'"

:;;:;·,;.���·

I""'"'"''' "'�" to ''''"'

v.,., �""' '"' �'""'

''"' '"'"'"' ... "�''"�"

''"' '""'"" .nd oomp,.Lioo

"" "''""' '"'""'""'"

""' , ... w., "' rompo<Lioo: "'''"'" .. ,..,. .. '""" "'�" to plpl ..

'"" '""""' '"' «>m""'"' '"'�" to pi""'

!.lmlt<d "'"'"'" Ll' to l lll l<ot " '"'

M•OI= '"''"'"" JbOtt>·"'''"t to pi""'

Sobj«tLo noooo,.

, .. .,.�1 ""' ... ., ,,.,, " ll>to l lll f<<t

Slow!"'""'''""""'"' WOI" toblo, '"b�<l to """"

Modmtoly W<Ll '"'"' ""' ,, .. ,, "'"''""' '"�"'"

"''""' ""'"'"'""'' 1/l lo l ll' l"'

Goomlly not "'''''

N=Ly �"I flood ''''"· "'"""'""'-"''. :�,::::'"' ptmlb�

'"""''"""'"'"'' """"'"' ""'' ,,, ,, 1 1/l f•<t

""P'""" " " '" " '" '" "''""' P'"'"'· <Ood>blo; '�1">0 I 1/2 Lo '"'" '"lood; J JI2 > I•" " '"' oo > l"' " '""

w"""' """" '"''' ,, ..., .... loo

,, . . .. ,,, , , , .... ,,,I,.. ;,.,, mod<Ool<ly """ '""'" .

'""'"" ""'' "''"

;;;:• 1/ l l o l ll>

,, .. ,.,., , , , ''"'""'"'"""1> """''""'· '"';.

' '"' " '"'I• "'"' '""' "'"'"'I ""' "'"' ""'' ' 'il '" ' '"'

'"""" W"' w"" ""' 1/2 to I Ill '"" ""'""'

Slow "'"'""'""' "'""'"· """"' l<m"' k;oJo O,ld ''"' "'"""' "'mod, of�"" to '"""'l"' '""""l'' '' """' Sobt'"' oo flood!,,;; "'"'"I w"" "bl< modmtol> Oow "'"'""""'

'""'"' " "ood'"'·"'"'"'1 ""' �"" ""'

"'"' """ ' " ' !"'""'· '"""''

'"'''" '" nood'"'

:::::"" "'"' Wo!«

""'"'"I' """ '"""''""' '"''"' '" �'"'"'"' ....... , ... ., ... 1

Mod'""'' ••II d<Oiood "''" "'wl' ""''"'bl< '"�""

V<cy Oow '""''"'"'LJr. '"*" " "'""'"'

·"'""'' ,.�, w ... , ""� ot l ll> t• ' '"'

""""'' "'"' �"" .. b� ot l/l lo l l/> f"'

Ll> to l ll> f«t lo >monol .,,., ""''· f•w od<q"'" "'""" """"I"'

s. .... d hlsh .. , .. t .... o t O t o J i l loo!

"'"' '"""bl'

s�., ""'' ' to • "'""" ""''"'"I' """'"l"'d, r .. ,l.

..... , '"'' Ito<..) '''"'""''""I' .. " '"'""· '""'"' '''""'

N'"'' l<>cl Rootl •""'·"'""""'" ,..'' �"::,:'::"' """'"�

flood � ... , '"""

::" ,..,,, ......

Nwl> �nl Oood •'''" '""'' '"I"·

;;!�powOl< illto

' '" ' " '"'I•

� ... "''" tobl< I J/ l to l l"l

""""""' "'"'"'' """ ""'" ""'' 1 1/l to , lu_t

f'lood'"'""'"'"'l h\!h w"" ""'' 1 / l l o l t/l f<<l

""""'' ..... , .. �� 1/l to l ll> l•<t • fioodl"

AMdloo; "'""''' .... ..... ..... O l o l l > foot

�:::.:;:o,:,.;� .. �·"' �"!.:lo ... ; """'"' �H lhm J 1/l f<<l '" '""'

, .... ..... . .. ,0 P''"''

< l" ' " "'j'"'' .. ........... . .. ,., .. , .... , ..,.,.

"'""rn'""'., ' r"''' '"'''"" """ ' " 20 .. � ,,..,.., """'"' ,, "'"'· '""'"'" "'" "'"" '""· "'"""' �.::::�"''' "'" %"', ::,

" tob� l

-----

3 1

APPENDIX A

ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF ROCK SPECIMENS OBTAINED FROM THE WESTERN COAL FIELD

3 3

L.\IRl"'WRY 01JMBEil

''" "'

--=�-�-------

CORRE('Thl> ll'NG't!l MOTIIOD UNCONFIN"D <JN<ONF<NBD TO

SURCACE Wfi'IMBN EeECIMEN COMFRESSIVE CGMl'!lliSS!VE DIAMOTllR MOISTURE SCRATCH EI-'VA'IJON ElBVATiON OHTAINEO STRENGm STRENGTH RATIO CONfbN"T HARDNES<

�:::::::;::��·":·�-�·:·"c_-���---'�:":---"�c'�' --cc----""�'c----,.,"",VLVANJAN SYSTUI: lDWEk ANI> .UtlllU' l'I,NNSYLVANIAN "ROES; 4S4 OOkh DRl lL J�" J,,., ���:n:,::��-1', lM!lEWATER AND CASEYVILLE fOil"A'flnNS; 108<-jjlO

.<AN!,TONF<; M>!l!UM COARSE GRAlN. MICACLGUS; ""CI>OMIN.INTlY QUARTZ

'"'''"YI.VM>IAN SYSTEM, LOWER -'NO MIDDLE PENNSYlVANIAN SERJES, TRADEWATER AND CA."YVJLLE rtll<MAIIONS; 17G> r-EET THICK

'ANllSlUNE; ME�>lliM GRAINED, MICACEOU.<, SHALE I'ARHNGS, SLIGHTLY FRJABLE; PREIX>MINM<TLY QliARTl

l'ENNSYLVANlAN SYSTEM, lOWER AND M!DOLE PENN,YLVALIAN SERIES; 4<1 TRADEWOTER ANI> CASEWillE FORMATIONS, '"" FEET TH<CK INTOR86DDW SllTSTGNE AND SHALE (l'HIN "'IJ$) PENNSYLVANIAN 'YSlCM: i.OWI'I< ANil MIDDlE rENNSYLVAN[AN SERIO.<; TRADEWATER AND CASEYV[LlE F<lRMATION': TIOI CJWJ HliCK

>ANI,TIJNl<, Mf:DIUM FiNE GRA[NED. SLJGHTLY MICACCOU<, CltnSS"f<'lllEEl, PR.EOOMINA,�'lY QUARC/.

eENN,YLVANIAN SY"EM, UJ'JER AND .llODlE PENNSYLVANIAN ·<'-RihS, CARIIONDALE. TRADEWA1ER AND CA.>EYVII.I£ f<JRMATIONS, 1085-ij10

HH TtllC'K UMESTGNE PARTLY 'IOCLA.mC, """"' GRAlN"": PREDOMINANTLY ''-"'' 1'>-�NSYIYANIAN SYSTOM: LOWER AND MEDDLE PENNSYLVANLAN S>'RII<S, CARBONDALE, TRADLWATHR AND ��''-Yvli 1-'- I'""MATIONS: 1000-,;10

OfHTIIWK lJME<TONE' MEDIUM CRY>1'AUIN£, HlS-'IIJHl�l!U-', i'REOOMINANTLY "'""'

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM' LOWER ANO MIDDLE P>N�_,YLVANIAN SERIOS, <17 l'"AI>CWATI-R ANi! {'ASEVVIU.O I•OIIMAT[ONS, 71D fEET TlliCR SANDSTON£' M.OJUM !'IN'- CRAIN£D, .<IJC.H'fLY fi<JA" f, I'RI:OO.\UNANTI. Y QUARTZ

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM, LOWER AND Mfi>DLC I'ENN,YI.VANIAN SERiES; TRAOEWATER AND CASEYVILLE fORMATIONS, 710 FEET THICK SANO;TONE, M>.OILJ!j <;RAINHLJ, 'IJ<:UTI-Y FRIAI!tF: PREOOMLNANTLY QUARTl

PENNSYLVANIAN ,Y.<TCM, UlWEk ANI> Mltllli.E e;NNSYLVANIAN SERJES, TRADEWATER AND CASEYVillE FORMATIONS. 6<0 FEET THICK SANIJ>,,llNE; '"'I!I\1M HNE GRAiNHil, CR"'SDWDOD; PREOO>,NANTLY QUARTZ

'ENNWLVANJAN -'"''rHI, I.OW'-" AND MIIJIII.H I'I,NNSYLVANIAN SERIES: CARBONDALL. TRADEWATER AND CASEYVILLL FOR.MATIDN,, IO"·iJiO '''-1'1' 1HICK SANDSTONE' MEDIUM OJNE GRAiNED. MJCACEOU'; 'RCIXJMiNANTlY QIIAR1t.

I'PNN,Yi.VANihN SYSTiiM; LOWFR I!Nil MlllDW 'ENNSYLVANIAN SERJES, 4<0 CARBONDALE TRADEWATER AND CASEYVILLE F<lRMATJONS. 10.,-DIO ,,.,- 11!1C� SANDSTONE, VERY FiNE GRAINED, MICACCOUS. PREDOMINANtLY QUARrz

"fNNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM' LOWER AND MiDDLE PENNSYLVANJIIN .-.Rif.S, ��:i"��:;�J:, TRAD"WATOR ANP CASEYVillE FORMATIONS: """·LlLO

SANIJSTONE; COARSE GRAINED. SUGIITLY MICACEOUS. PREOOMINANTLY OUAkT'-

PENNSYLVANIAN Sy,;'[BI, LOWER AND MIDDLE fENNSVI-VANIAN SBRIES; CAROONDALE. TRADEWATER AND CASEYVILLE fORMATLONS 100<-mo

>"->1' T�I<"K SHALE' CARBONACEOUS, COAL lAMINAE

"NNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM' LOWER AND MIDDLE PENNSYLVANLAN S".RIIO;, TRADEWATER AND CASEYVILU' i'ORMATI<lNS: "" !·ao TliiCK SANDSTONE' COARSE GRAINED COAL LAMINAE CLASTIC IN<li!<ION'= i'R"'>O'IINANTLY QUARTl

I'PNNOYLVMIAN 'YSTCM, l.r>W •. k AND MIDDLO P>NN.,YlVANiAN SERIES, TRADOWATER AND CASEYVILLE fORMATIONS, 650 fEOT TIIICK UML>OON': "IOCLA;rtC, COARSE GRAINED; >REDQM[NiiNTLY C,COJ rENN<YLVANLAN SV.<'IEM; LOWER AND MIDDLE PENNSYLVANI�N S'Rif� TRADEWATER AND CASEYVILLE fORMATLONS, .,0 FI,OT TII[CK SH�!�: SILTY

PENNSYLVANiAN SYSTEM; WWL'� ANO M!DOlE >ENNSYLVANIAN SfRIIts; TRAOEWATER AND CASEYVILLE fORMATIONS; 650 FEET TIHCK SANDSTONE, FINE GRAINED: >REOOMLNANTI-Y QUART;'

PE'NNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM: LOWER AND MJODLE 'ENNSYLVANIAN SERIES, CARBONDALE, TRAOEWATER ANI! �-"I'YVlllE PORMATlONS; IOli,•IJIO

f0>1 11l1CK Sll<LE, SELTY

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM' LOWER AND MiDDLE PENNSYLVANiAN SERJES, CAROONDALE, TRADmi'ATOR ANI> CASEYVII.I.O FORM�"fiON�' iOII.HliO "''-''THICK

SANDSTONE; MEDi"" GRAINED, MICACH>US, pl[fiXJMiNANTI.Y Q\JARTl

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM: LOWOR AND MIDDle PENNSYLVANIAN SERJES TRAUOWATOR AND CASEWilLE fORMATLONS; '!10 FEET tlliCK SANDSTONE: MEDIUM GRAINED: PREDOMINANTLY QUARTZ

�:;;�-;:;;,':i��y;���;..,\f,_"i';,.,�Ai:::':S�

I;:;,"�it

.�I��

N SOI'!b

S;

SANDSTONE: FINE GRAINED, CRO,.Bflli>W' I·�OOO>!JNA,.,.lY QUARr<

"'

PENNSYLVANIAN SYlH'""; LOWOR ANI! Mll>l>lE eENNSYLVANIAN .CRII": Si1 THAI>I'WATOR AND CA\.YVIllE FORMATIONS: 710 FEET THLLK SILTSTONB' ARGillACEOUS

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEJ,t; LOWER .ND MLDDLE rENNSYLV.NIAN SERiES; CARBONDALE, TRAPOWATEI< ANI> I'A'EYVtllE FORMATIONS, Hlll<·i310 F0£1' THICK Slli!LB,SILTY

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM: WW"R AND MII>DI.f P�NNSYLVANIAN SERifS; TRADm¥Allill ANP CASHYVIllO FORMATIONS, "" PEEr THJCK SANDSTONE' COARSE GRAINED, MLCACEOUS, fiUADLE; >REOOMLNANTLY QUARTZ

MISSISSiF'!'iAN SYSTE!d; Cl!i:SThR sEruF.s: ('(llC<lNDil FORMATION: HANiiY UMf.sTONii MEMBI'R; J<�O FEET TlliCK liMESTONE, FINELY CRYSTALUNE, CALCIT> V>INS; rRU>OMINWTLY t>co1

PENNSYLVANIAN SYSTEM, LOWER ANO MIDDLE PONNSUVANIAN SERJES,

��O��,t

"· TRA!li;wATOR AND CA.<EYVIU£ FORMATIONS; IOOS.[)lO

SANDSTONE; Ml'flll!M GRAINED, MICACEOUS, fRIABLE: PRfi)()MiNANILY QUARTZ

.•

'"

C<JRI< DR!Ll "·"

CORE llHILL

'·"'

CORE DRIU,

CORE I>RII.L J6,<-17

CORE lliiiU. '·"" '·"'

CORE 01111 1 '·'"

'-"' '·'"

CORF. I>RiLL

CORE l>llltl

'·"'

CORO DRill. ].ll:<l '·'""

'·'"" '·'"

"·'"

LO�E Ol[!ll '·"''

,�, '·"'

...

'·"'

'·"'

C�lR� DRil-l. '·'"

'"'"

'·'"

flfi.D SAMnf .• I,Ol• '·"

1),314 "·"''

'·"' '·"'

SClERE.<;COP'­!IARDNESS

"

"

PERMEAIIIUTY CONHANT

(MD)

'"

" '

IMPERMEABLE

IMPERMEABLE

3 5

�" WEJCHT

(PCP)

,,_,

"'-·

il5.B

"'-'

APPENDIX B

PEDOLOGICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF SOIL ASSOCIATIONS OF THE WESTERN COAL FIELD

37

I . Elk-Sciotoville-Ginat Association: Nearly level to sloping, deep to moderately deep to a fragipan, well-drained to poorly drained, medium textured soils on stream terraces formed in alluvium from the Ohio River.

2. Uniontown-Patton-Henshaw Association: Nearly

level to sloping, well-drained to poorly drained, medium textured soils formed in neutral alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

3 . Falaya-Karnak-Waverly Association: Nearly level, poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained soils formed in clayey and silty alluvium on flood plains.

4. Loring-Memphis-Fa/aya Association: Gently sloping to steep, well-drained and moderately well-drained soils on loess uplands and nearly level, somewhat poorly drained, silty soils formed in alluvium on flood plains.

5. Loring-Wellston Association: Gently sloping to moderately steep, moderately well-drained to well-drained, moderately deep and deep, loamy soils from loess and loess over sandstone, siltstone and shale on uplands.

6. Wellston-Gilpin-Zanesville Association: Gently sloping to steep, well-drained to moderately well-drained, moderately deep to deep, loamy soils from loess over sandstone, siltstone and shale on uplands.

7. Karnak-Waverly-Falaya Association: Nearly level, poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained soils formed in clayey and silty alluvium on flood plains.

8. Huntington-Egam-Newark Association: Deep, nearly level, well to somewhat poorly drained silt loam alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

9. Melvin-Ginat Association: Deep, nearly level, poorly drained, silt loam alluvial soils, formed in

alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains. 10. Wake/and-Patton-Wilbur Association: Deep, nearly

level, moderately well to poorly drained silt loam alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

I I . McGary-Stendal Association: Deep, nearly level to gently sloping, somewhat poorly drained silt loam and clayey alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

12. Memphis-Wake/and-Wilbur Association: Deep, gently sloping to steep, well-drained silt loam soils on uplands and deep, nearly level moderately well to somewhat poorly drained, silt loam alluvial soils, formed in loess on uplands and floodplains.

13. Memphis-We/lston-Deka/b Association: Deep and moderately deep, gently sloping to steep, well-drained loamy soils, formed in loess or sandstone and shale on uplands.

14. We/lston-Gilpin-Falaya Association: Gently sloping to strongly sloping, well-drained soils developed in thln loess and residuum from sandstone and siltstone on uplands and nearly level, somewhat poorly drained, silty soils on flood plains.

15. Newark-Callaway-Waverly Association: Nearly level, somewhat poorly drained and poorly drained soils on flood plains and nearly level, somewhat poorly drained soils on stream terraces.

16. Waver/y-Fa/aya-Swamp Association: Nearly level, poorly drained, somewhat poorly drained and very poorly drained, soils formed in silty alluvium on flood plains.

17. Sadler-Zanesville-Wellston Association: Gently sloping to moderately steep, moderately well drained and well-drained, loamy soils developed in thln loess and material weathered from sandstone and siltstone on uplands.

18. Zanesville-Gilpin-Weikert Association: Gently

sloping to steep, moderately well-drained to excessively drained soils developed in thin loess and material weathered from sandstone and siltstone on uplands.

19. Falaya-Waverly Association: Deep, nearly level, somewhat and poorly drained silt loam alluvial soils formed in alluvium on terraces and flood plains.

20. Alligator-McGary Falaya Association: Deep, nearly level, somewhat poorly and poorly drained clay and silt loam alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on terraces and flood plains.

21. Bonnie-Steff-Stendal Association: Deep, nearly level, moderately well to poorly drained, silt loam alluvial soils formed in alluvium on terraces and flood plains.

22. Bonnie-Alligator Association: Deep, nearly level, poorly drained, silt loam and clay alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on terraces and flood plains.

23. Loring-Genada-Calloway Association: Deep, nearly level to gently sloping, well to somewhat poorly drained, silt loam upland soils, formed in loess on uplands.

24. Gilpin-Loring Association: Moderately deep and deep, gently sloping to moderately steep, well to moderately well-drained silt loam soils of the uplands, formed in thln loess over sandstone and shale.

25. Stttp Mine Spoil-Gilpin-Waverly Association: Deep and moderately deep, nearly level to steep, well to poorly drained, loamy soils on uplands and bottom lands, formed in thin loess over sandstone and shale.

26. Zanesville-Sadler-Callaway Association: Deep, nearly level to strongly sloping, well to somewhat poorly drained, silt loam upland soils formed in

39

loess over sandstone and shales. 27. Gilpin-Zanesvi/le-Falaya Association: Deep and

moderately deep, nearly level to steep, well to somewhat poorly drained, silt loam soils over sandstones and shales on the uplands and silt loam alluvial soils on the bottom lands.

28. Wakeland-Uniontown-Henshaw Association: Deep,

nearly level and gently sloping, well to somewhat poorly drained, silt loam soils, formed in alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

29. Sharkey-McGary-Falaya Association: Deep, nearly level, somewhat poorly and poorly drained mostly clayey alluvial soils, formed in alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

30. Uniontown-Dekoven-Henshaw Association: Nearly level, well-drained to poorly drained soils, from

alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains. 31 . Elk-Ginat-Captina Association: Nearly level,

well-drained to poorly drained soils, from alluvium

40

on stream terraces and flood plains.

32. Memphis-Loring-Wake/and Association: Level to steep somewhat poorly drained to well-drained soils from loess on uplands and local alluvium.

33. Loring-Grenada Association: Level to steep somewhat poorly drained to well-drained soils from loess on uplands and local alluvium.

34. Karnak-McGary-Melvin Association: Nearly level, well-drained to poorly drained soils, from alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains.

35. Zanesville· Wellston-Weikert Association: Moderately well-drained to excessively drained, gently sloping to steep soils, from sandstone and shale with thin loess.

36. Fredonia-Cumberland-Pembroke Association: Soils formed from limestone on Upland areas.

37. Weikert-Zanesville-Caneyville Association: Soils formed from sandstone and shale uplands.

APPENDIX C

ENGINEERING SOILS DATA RETRIEVED FROM RECORD PLANS OF THE BUREAU OF ffiGHWAYS, KENTUCKY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

4 1

SAMPLE S O I L DEPTH COMPAG..I..l.Q./',L__Bf\. ______ _ __ _______lill__f\Q,Io] LQ!i _Y_L_E.f1_f:_ 5l __ S_R, _ .S££J:.]£_LG_. _ _ ______G__Ul,_S.SJ.E LC1Ll LO_N G R A V I T Y T E X T U R A L J\ A S H O U N I F I E D NUMBER DEPTH T O DATA PER CENT

___ _<l U I ����- - ���T

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o- 4 04+ o . o o . o ___ Jl____&______Q_,_5 __Q_.2______5 1 . 9 _ _]__L_2__ t "> . 'ol ___ !l_._9_ \ 6 . 3 _ _ J:)_._Q _ o_.o _ _Q_,_O Q_._g________z__,r4: _ _ _ ____5_L___ 0- 4 04 1 08 , 8 1 6 . 7 5 . 7 0 , 5 0 . 5 6 , 1 7 1 . 0 ? 1 . 9 6 . 9 2 5 , 0 3 . 1 2 1 . 7 2 7 . 0 1 , 54 2 . 62 S ! CL

4_::i!c_UJ_ A-4 1 8 1

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3 0- 5 ____ I_O_B ._t]____l_fz__._l_5 ,_l______Q__.___ 0 ,_5 __ >_- 1 71 ._Q_ 2 1 , 9 _6J_9_ ? ,5.0 _?>.L 2 1 . 1 2_7_._0 [ . 5_L_2�_62__ _S_l_LL __ ---� 9 9 . 1 2 2 . 5 1 . 5 o . o 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 1 5 . 6 6 3 , 8 4 fl , [l 6 5 . � 4 5 . 5 ? 0 . 6 1 7 . 6 1 . 83 2 . 12 c _ A-4 lfU A-7-6 1 2 0 1 A--:_7-f> I 1 5 I

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___ _<eC-c!l l __ l l __ lQ!:I__.l!_____l!l__._-'!- __ 4 .____i_______!_,O _l_._L__! , l __ _5_L_ l 4 ? , 7 3_1_, 1 4 <J , 6 2 2 . 8 1 7__._) 20._1 L�l_P ___ 2_,_73 __ _£ __ . . ML:::.CL 4 0- 5 05 1 0 8 , 11 l fl , 7 5 , 7 0 . 5 0 , 5 6 . 1 7 1 , 0 2 1 . 9 6 , 9 2 5 , 0 3 . 7 2 1 . 7 ?. 7 . 0 1 . 54 2 . 6 2 S I C L A-4 1 8 1 ML ---':---':"_"·� g�

+ 1�::� ��:� �:� g:�---:-:-:-��:�----;;:�--��:� --��� ��-:-�- -4-;-�� ��-�-N-:� ;-.����-�� - �LCL �=i�:: z o l 2!1-----

_:l< _ _<o"-c '----tQll____.___fi_____7 _ 5 .l_______Q___._5 fl,_'L 6 . 1 _7l,_Q 2 1 , 9 __ _ 6 , 9 2 5 . 0_ ]_,]_ (L, 7__2_7 ,0 1 • .5�___2 .__62. S_LCL A-4 1 8 1 ML 3- 5 05 99 , 1 2 2 , 5 1 . 5 0 . 0 0 , 1, 1 0 . 2 1 ':> . 6 6 3 , 11 4 8 . 0 6 5 . 5 4 5 , 5 2 0 , 6 1 7 . 6 1 . 113 2 . 1 2 C A-7-11 1 2 0 1 CH

__ e_ ... �4-l:_________lQ!_J_Q__J______? . 7 __ Q____,__2 _ _ 0 , � ____2___,__l __ _j' 1 , 0 _2_1_._9_ 6 , 9 2 5 . 0 "· 7 _2_l - 7 2 1 . 0 l_,_�S_4 2 . 6 2 _ S I C L A-411 1 1 ML 9 0- 4 04+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 5 0 , 5 5 1 . 9 3 1 . 2 1 5 . 9 11,9 1 6 . 3 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 2 . 14 SL A-'• 1 3 1 5�1

10 0- 4 04 108 , 8 1 6 . 7 5 , 7 0 . 5 0 . 5 __ >_._1_7 1 . 0 <:_l__,_'t___ _ 12_._9__2_� __ ,_0 �_. __ 'j'_ _v_, _ _7 2 1 ._Q_ __ l__,5!± ;2_._QZ_ _ _ _ S. I C L _ /1._--,_4 1 8 1 _ _ ML _ _ 1 1 0- 3 l O A . R 1 6 . 7 5 . 7 0 . 5 0 . 5 6 . 1 7 1 , 0 2 1 . 9 6 , 9 2 5 . 0 3 . 7 2 1 . 7 2 7 . 0 1 . 54 � . 62 S I CL A-4 1 R I ML

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� : � ��:� ��:� � :-�-�- - � :-I-� � I CL -�=���; 2_o_l �� 13 0- 2 1 0 8 , 8 1 h . 7 5 . ?_ O ,_";_Q__,_�_ l>_._l__l_l_ . o 2_L_'l_ 6 , 9 2?_._0_ 3 , 7 2 1 . 7 2 7 , 0 !_,_?_4 _ _ 2 . 6 2 S I C L A-'t l fl l ML

---·-�- --�-2� 1 . 5 0.0 0 . '< 1 0 . 2 1 5 . 6 6 3 , 11 4n.o 65,5 4 5 , 5 20.6 t 7 . 11 1 . 8 3 2 . 7 2 C A-7-6 1 2 0 1 CH

14 1 10 10+ 1 0 8 , fl 1 R . 4 4 , 4 1 . 0 1 . 1 l . l ';;_h_l_______±?__,__7 _j�9 . {> ll_,____!l_l_'1,_5_ 2_[l_J_]_,_?{1 _ _2__,_1_3 ___ C ___ A:-7-61_l.2l l'll-_:-!:::_l .. o- 2 o-:-�o. o o . 4 ·-3 . o 3 . 5 3 11 , 9 � 4 . 2 4 2 . 7 5 4 . 5 3 0 . 2 0 . 0 o . o 0 . 0 z . 75 c A-7-1'> 1 1 9 1 CH 2- 4 04+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 _Q_,_Q__l . O _ _ _§_,_1 __ 5 11 , 9 _3_2_,_0_ 1 A ,_ O _ _ 'l__\ , 6 1 2 ,__7_ _ _ 0 . 0 O,_Q _Q_�p_ 2 . 69 S I C 11-6 1 8 1 CL

15 _-------o:-5 _______

897r22':'5 2 . '• 0 . 1 2 . 1 o . 9 2 3 . 2 73 . 1 5 7 , 3 9 0 . 2 6 3 , 9 3 3 . 4 1 7 . 4 1 . 83 2 . 69 c �-7-1'> 1 2 0 1 CH _ ________2=f_o _�Q!:_ __ u o ,�_ 2 . 9 ___Q_,_Q_ 6 . 1,_ __ 7 _ _,_9_ 39 _.__2_ 4 6 , 0 2J, o _ 4 3 , s 2:4:_,__3_ 2 3 . 3 t s ._z L . 92 - �_._:co _ sH fl. _ _c_L

16 0- 3 9 <l , <J 2 2 . 0 - 1 .-0 0 . 0 0 . 2 0 , 0 ltlt , fl 5 5 , 0 '< 0 . 0 5 1'> . 3 3 3 . 4 2 3 , 5 3 1 . 3 1 . 46 2 , 69 C 11-7-6 1 1<J I CH --�3�- 1 _ __Q___,__Q_____. __ o _9�_(}_ o . o n . o o . o o . o________Q_,_fl _ _ o __ ,_c_Q__,_Q_ Q_,_p __ ____Q_,_Q _o_.Q_o ,___Q___ _ _ _ LS _____ fl_ _ _____ sJLO.fl _s_e_ 7 42 42+ 1 1 0 . 0 1 5 , 9 2 , <J 0 . 0 6 , 1'> 7 , 9 -�-4 6 , 0 2 3 . 0 't3 , 5 2 4 , 3 2 3 , 3 ! 5 , 2 1 . 92 2 . 7 3 SH II CL

__ 1_7 � o- 4 s 9 . 7 �? - 4 __ _Q__,__l_______, 1 ____ Q___,___2__n . z _ _ u__.__l___ 5 7 ,L.2l.!.,_z_ 6 3 . 'L.2J---'_4_ I 7 . !:t___l._!D _ _ z ._6'i ___ ____c. __ ll-_7_--,6l2.ol ca �--20+ 1 1 0 , 0 1 � . 9 2 , 9 0 , 0 6 . 6 7 , 9 3 9 . 5 1< 1> , 0 2 3 . 0 ' • 3 , 5 l 4 , 3 2 3 . 3 ! 5 , 2_ 1 . 92 2 . 73 SH II C L __ te ___ O- L____QL_ -�_l_? . 5 2 �_. 7 _ 2__.__}_ 0 . 9 2 3 . 2 7 3 . 1 _ _5_7_�]_ 9 0 ._ 2 _ (,_�_._9 3 3 , 4 _ L_7 ,_4 _l_,_83 ___ 2_,_6_2_ __ C ___ A--,7_-_Q I Z O J _ CJI _

19 0- 3 03+ 11 9 . 7 2 2 , 5 2 , 4 0 . 7 2 . 1 0 . 9 2 3 . 2 7 3 . 1 5 7 . 3 9 0 , 2 6 3 . 9 3 3 , 4 1 7 . 4 l . R3 2 , 69 C A-7-6 1 2 0 1 CH 2 0 0- 6 06-t 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , � 3 . 0 :}_,_5 3 R , 'J _ ';'.>!f-_._L_________i£,_2 5_4_.2_____J_Q_,_?_ Q_,_Q_ __ Q_.__Q _ _ O�Q __ ______l__.__25 ____ c_ _ ____ A-"I_-_6.Ll'll_______C._I:_ 2 1 0 3 1 0 3 , 3 2 0 . 1 7 . 3 0 . 0 0 . 1 0 , 7 5 1 . 7 4 7 . 5 3 6 , 0 5 6 . 8 3 6 . 0 2 0 , 7 2 5 . 6 1 . 60 2 . 7 1 C A-7-6 1 1 9 1 CH

1::____Q________QQ -�H,,_f!__ L__._':!__Q,Q ___ Q.__Q__ __ [ , Q __ __l_2_._'L 1) 5 ._2__{!_! , 1) li6,3_ 5.5�_2 38, 1._ 25..2 l_, 61__ __ 2__._]__l___ __ _1 A-7-5 1 2 0-1 £H __ 22 0- 4 04 103 , 3 2 0 . 1 7 . 3 0 . 0 O . J 0 . 7 5 1 . 7 4 7 . 5 3 6 , 0 5 6 , R 3 6 . 0 2 0 . 7 2 5 , 6 1 . 60 2 . 7 1 C A-7-611<J I CH _____ll_ _ ______Q=._______QJ;>_:!: _ _____Q_._Q ___Q__,_Q____Q__,__O Q_._Q__________Q_ ]_,_� _ ___Q_'L,} . - �_L_2__ __ l 5 , 0_ 3_p_.__o _ _ �4.4 O_, Q 0 , 0 Q,_Q_ _ _____z__._]__o SllL A-61.101 ______LL

"

0- 2 02 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 4 3 . 0 3 . 5 3 8 . 9 S 4 . 2 4 2 , 2 5 4 , 5 3 0 , 2 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 2 7 . 50 C A-7-6 { 1 9 1 CH 0- 6 06+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 ;.0 0 . 0 0,,4 2 . 4 69 7 27 5 _ t5_.1!_______3__b_ __ l 4 . '; _ _ _ 0_,_o ___ Q_._Q____Q__._Q_______,_7_0 __ __s_LC_L__ A-_hllfLJ ____ _cL __ _ 0- 2 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 4 2 .4 6 9 . 7 2 7 . 5 1 5 . 0 3 6 , 0 1 4 , 4 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 2 . 70 S J C L A-6 1 10 1 C L �f=____l_______Q-<:_ ___ �0�0�_ Q _& _ _ _Q_._Q___O , 0--�-- l 0_,_2_5 3 , I> _32_,_� __ _2_2_ ,_5 ___ 3 2 ,_1 _ _ l � , 5_ 0 , 0 _ Q_,_Q _Q , 0 __ _____2__Jj___ ___ C _ _ _ &:-_6_{_ LO I --LL _____ _ 'J- 2 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 1 . 3 0 . 0 6 7 , 2 3 1 . 5 1 7 . 5 3 1 . 4 1 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 2 . 79 S I C i\-4 1 7 1 ML-CL ________l_=.____ Q_l±___________Q_._O _ ____Q__,_Q_____. O _ Q___,_Q_________, 7 _lQ__,___£______5_) , 6 _;l2__,__5 ____ 2_2 , 5_ _U_.]__J 5 . 5 _ 0,_0_ p.o 0_& __ __2_._11_ C__ /!,_--:6 l lO.I ___ L_L 0- 2 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 1 . 3 0 . 0 6 7 . 2 3 1 , 5 1 7 , 5 3 ! , 4 1 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 2 . 79 S I C A-6 1 7 1 ML-CL 2- 5 . 0 , 0 0 , 0 Q . O 0 , 0 0 . 6 ? 1 _'±_Q_,__J______2_l___._Q ___ "t_3_._Q__Q_;>_�_J 3_6__._2: ___ Q ,_I) _ _ Q�O 0 Q 2�.7_7 ___ c_ ____ A-_·l_�_CI:J 5- 7 07+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 3 . 7 1 0 . 2 5 3 , 6 3 2 , 5 2 2 . 5 3 2 , 7 1 5 , 5 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 2 . 7 1 C A-6 1 1 0 1 CL

-�� ____ 6 ____ P_.__D______Q_,_Q Q.__Q________Q__._g_ a_.__, _ _z_._l _'t_J}_.__l__s_:r_,_o _ li._Q __ r,_z , 1 3 6 . 2: __ o . o o ._o _ _ o�_o_ z . rr_ __ c. A-7--,6.J20.L CH 6-12 12+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 3 . 7 1 0 . 2 5 3 . h 3 2 . 5 2 2 , 5 3 2 , 7 1 5 , 5 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 2 . 1 1 C A-11 1 1 0 1 CL

__ ,_0 __ � __ 4-; ___ ____lQ_Q__.____2 2�_ Q ,_Q� O_,Q_ _ ___l_2_._2_ __ 6_Q_._Q____i_2_,_Q_ 50,_5_ __ 2_9 , 3 2 7 ,_2 2:[L,t,_ 1_. 7_6 __ _2_.JA ____ C _ _ _ A.,-.Lo6 1 1 1 1 CH ___ _

·13UI_--':"-"i1-,-,-.--i�t; i�:�- ?:� �:�-- 1�tJ- - ��-� j6:�----e��-�-- '{-�-:� ��-:-� i�:� H-:�- i�:� { :i�- �-:��--- �H �--7_-obJ HJ

��-CL ___Q=.___]_ _ ________l_QQ_,_<J �4 . 2 _Q_,_p_ _ 4 . ll _Q_._o _ ? 9 . 2 6 6 , Q _ '-< 2 . 0 s o . s 2 6 , 3 21_.2 2 0 . � 1 . 16 2 , ?4 _ c ll-7-6 1 11 l CH 7 - 1 R 1R 1 1 1 . 3 1 6 . 2 1 . 1 8 . 3 1 5 , 7 4 , 5 3 0 . 2 4 ) , 3 1 6 . 2 4 3 , 0 1 1 . 7 2 9 , '> 1 7 . 9 1 . 84 2 . 75 SH II �K-CL

33 0- 4 ______Q:>:___1_0[)__, 9 2 2 . ?_ t�; <_O__,_Q 4 . 8_ 0_, 0 2 9 . ? _ _ 61>_._0 4 2 , Q �_9._') 2 6 . 3 2 7 . 2 2 0 . 4 t . 76 2 . 74 C A-1-6 1 1 7 1 CH 'Ji;-----------o:::- 7 07 1 1 4 . 6 U , f> 7 , 7 0 . 0 3 . 8 0 , 7 6 6 . 5 2 '1 . 0 \ 4 , 0 2 6 , 3 5 , 6 ? 1 . 4 2 5 , 6 1 . 57 2 . 6 3 S I C L A-4 1 8 1 ML-CL 35 0- P. 08+ 0 . 0 0.0 0 , 0 0 . 0 _ _1____.___2___ 1 5 , 0 50_,5 _ _ 27,0 1 2 ,_0_ 37.0 1 2 , 7 0 . 0 O . _Q [1__, 0 2 . 67 __ S I C L ll-6 1 9 ) _ ML-CL_

·--J6-():::_-----i'i4.6J4.i- -"9:'9Q.o 1 . 6 ---0-:o 6 4 , 9 3 3 . 5 2 0 , 5 zs:o i 2 . l 1 7 , 8 2 1 . 7 1 . 70 2 . 67 S I C A-6 1 9 1 CL ____ _f_- I___Q_]_ __ 9_ 7 , 3 2'> . 1 3___,_l_Q_,____O 3_. 7 __ 0_, 0 ;:>_1_,_3_ 1?_9 , 0 't3,_0 _{:>_0_.5 3 0 , 9 _2_2__._8 2 3 , 4 ___ L_9_! __ 2 , 79 C A-7-6[_20) MH-Cf:L

3 7 0- 9 09 9 7 . 3 2 4 . 1 3 . 7 0 . 0 3 , 7 0 . 0 2 7 . 3 6 9 , 0 '•3.0 6 0 , 5 3 0 , 9 3 2 . 8 2 3 , 4 1 . 67 2 . 79 C /l.-7-6 { 2 0 1 MH-CH _____l_§__ �-- 9 7 , 3 ?!<____;_l________,__? O._Q _ ____l_,_l_ 0 , 0 _2___1_, 3 69 ._0_ 43_ , 0 6 0 . 5 ;10_, 9 _ 3 2 , fl 22_.�L _ _l,_6Y _z ,_7_9__ C A:-_7_.,-6_ 1 2 0 1 MH.,-_C!--1

6-13 13 ---1 U.<? 1 5 , 4 1 . 7 0 . 0 6 . 9 1 . 3 4 1 . 3 5 0 , 5 2 7 . 5 1 7 . 0 1 6 . 5 2 4 . 2 1 6 , 5 1 . 88 2 . 72 SH A C L

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1 1Z:� --1Z:� g:� -· g:6 i :�-· 1�:g !���--- -U:{ ��:� -�}:g- t�:-} - 1 �-:-i- 2�:� �-:�·o---���--- --�-i�L -- }����-i --�-· -----'�--1-:--�o-.--di:� ��:� �:� �:-� �:�--7:-i- �-i-�i --�-�:� ��-:�{�-:

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�--- 0- 8 -� t��- O.,_Q _ _____l__,_!)_ O_,_Q _ __ 12_'!_. 9_ 3_,3 ,5- _ _2_0_, __ 5_ 2fl ,_Q ___ l b _,__!_ J 1 . � __ z t_._?,_ __ � . _ _70 2, 6_7__ $ J C _/I-6_1 9J CL _ _ _ �2:5+ 1 1 1 . 9 1 5 . 4 1 . 7 0 . 0 6 , 9 1 . 3 4 1 . 3 5 0 , 5 2 7 , 5 3 7 , 0 1 6 . 5 2 4 , 2 1 6 . 5 1 . 8 8 2 . 72 SH A CL 42 0- 7 9...7. 3 2 4 , l _.3. 1 0 . 0 l,_l______Q_&__ 27� ______Q_]___,_Q __ .'+J-�Q______§_D__._5 __ 3__Q._9 JL1l _ _2_3 ._'t _ _l__.__fU_____2__ 1_9_ _[______ _A-7.::6.l20J_I1!:i_:�LH.-----7-27 27+ 1 1 1 . 9 1 5 , 4 1 , 7 0 . 0 6 . 9 1 , 3 4 1 . 3 5 0 . 5 2 7 , 5 3 7 , 0 1 6 . 5 2 4 , 2 1 6 , 5 1 . 8 8 2 . 7 2 SH II C L 43 0- 1 ____ 1_14-_.6 �. 9 _Q__,_Q___l_, 6 _ __Q_.__O __ _f:>_'! • 9 33,.5 ?0 , 5 _2_ll_,_Q _ _j_2 . l 1__1:_,§_?_1 _.__2 _ _ L�.7_Q _ _ _ _2_._(>]_ S I C A,-:_6 !_9_1 __ _f;_L_ --�- ?2+ 1 1 1 . 9 1 5 , t,. 1 . 7 0 . 0 6 , 9 1 . 3 1, 1 , 3 5 0 , 5 2 7 . 5 3 7 , 0 1 6 , 5 2 4 , 2 1 6 . 5 1 . 8 8 2 . 1 2 SH A C L 44 0-12 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 2 . 't __ _!+_,_/:_ 5 7 . 11 _3,?_,_2 _ 1 9 , Q_ _3_8 , __ 1)_ 2 0 . 9 O . n 0 . 0 0 . 0 _ __ 2 ,_6<l S l (; _ A:-6 1 1 2_ 1 __ _ C.L

1?.-22 22+ 0-.00.0- 0 . 0 0 . 0 O , t, 1 2 . 11 5 4 , 3 3 5 . 5 2 1 . 0 3 5 , 8 1 7 . 3 o . o o . o 0 . 0 2 . 63 C J\- 6 1 1 1 1 CL 45 0- 5 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 o . o _?�� _5_l__,__£l______l_2_d - � _ _._sl __ _2_�_,_fl_ 2 0 , 9 _ __Q__,_Q__ 9:.•-Q_______Q_,_Q_ _ __;; ._r,g S_I G_ _I\_--:_6 (J2L __ (_L

�-3A 38+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 1 0 . 0 5 3 , 3 4 6 . 0 24 ,0 4 2 , 5 2 3 . 9 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 2 . 12 C /l.-7-6 1 1 5 1 CL 4'!'!---�0c__!>� 104 , 9 l fl . O 4 ._3_ 0 . 0 0 . 8 '"4 5 5 . 3 3__9_0 __ 27_, 0 3 6 . 8_______12_, '/ 22_,__2__2_1!,_fL_l ._5_Q __ £ , 6) _ S I C _,ll,_-_p_j_!_()l .. -LL _ _

6 - 1 0 I Oit,·z 2 0 , 5 2 , 2 - �2 -2----:6--27:7 1'>3 , 5 4 5 , 0 5 1 . 3 2 7 , 7 2 f l , 4 2 0 , 4 1 . 75 2 . 7 2 C A-7-6 1 1 7 1 CH

" 48

1 0- 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 , 6 1 2 . 5 7 . 3 0 . 0 1 . 4 5 7 . A 23 ._3 __ \_:7_. :; ]_, [)_ _ _ _ 0 . 0 0 , 0 _ _ 0_,_0_ ? 1 . 3 _ \_�_9_'j _ _ _z_, 66 S L _ _ A_-4 1 flL_ _ __ _ -'.i_M __ _ o--=-� To4 , 9 u�-: o -,�--o-.-o o-:s--,;-,,. 5 5 . 3 3 9 . � 2 1 . o 3 6 , n 1 5 , 7 2 2 . 5 2 a . n t . 5o z . 6 3 s i c A-6 1 1 0 1 c L 0 - 2 1 0 4 , 9 l R . O 4 . 3 o ,_Q 0 . 8 4 , 4 S 0. , 3 3 9 . ? __ ll__,_Q __ :3 h . 8_li__,__l_�j' __ , "! _2___B___.___Q____l__,_ 5_9 2.._9_3 ___ s__u;__ __ _ _ l) �l:d�lll___CJ .. . __ _ 2- 6 o6+ 104 , 2 Z o . s 2 . ?. o . o 6 , 2 2 � 6--U-7-6 3 . 5 4 5 . o � 1 . 3 2 7 . 7 21\,4 z o , 4 1 . '15 2 . 1 2 A-7-6 1 1 7 1 CH

49 0- 2 0 2 _� 1_R . O 4 . 3 O ._Q ___ O__,__fl __ 4 . 9: ____ 2_2--' 3- 3 9 . � _(_?_ ,_0 3_h , H _L5_. 7 __ ? 2 . 5 _?�8,_6_J__,50 2 ,_6� __ ___ ,'i_j_£__ A,-_6_l lO_l _ __ _ CL 50 -� 10'• . 9 1 R . O 4 . 3 0 . 0 O . fl 4,4 � 5 . 3 39,5 27.0 3 6 . 8 ! 5 . 7 z;> , r, ?. f \ . 1'> [ , 50 2 . 63 S I C A-6 { 1 0 1 CL �b ---�-o--H�: t � � :; � :! ---%�--------� :�- _ _5_�-��---:-i : � - -i-���--- 1;, :-� -;�--:� ---�:� 1 � :� -i-� :-� � :�;-- -�--:-�:-- ;� c -!-��-; �� -��------5 1 0 4 1 0 4 , 9 l A . O 4 , 3 0 , 0 _ O . fl 4, �

-- ;i� . 5 ;:'_]_.__Q_2_t,_._!l _ _l ? , __ 1 _ _2__:;'_._5 _ _ 2_$, , {> _ _L___2__Q__2_._(-,_L ___ _s_r�_6_ll.Q L____LL_ __

4- 7 07 1 1 9 , 6 1 2 . 5' 7 . 3 0 , 0 1 . 4 5 7 . R n . 3 n . S 7 , 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 7. 1 . 3 1 . 69 2 . 6 6 S L A-4 { 0 1 SM 52 0- 5 05 104 . 9

-�' 3 Q_._Q_ _ __Q_,_B _ _ '!_,_'!__ __ �'2.._�?_-

3 9 ,_5 ___ 27_.0 36 ,fl 1,_5_._ [ 2 2 , � _ 2_1hf.> __ l_,_5D - -2� 6_3 __ S_!C A,6_ll_OJ ---- CL 5 3 -�- iJR-c--0 . 0 0 , 0 o . o 0 . 0 1 . 0 0 . 0 8 1 . 0 1 11 , 0 1 0 . 0 2 1 . 6 s . s 0 , 0 o . o 0 . 0 2 . 67 S I L 11-4 1 8 1 ML-CL 54 0- (> __ O_o_1 1 0 , 11 1 5 , 1> 1 3_._?__Q_, §!____ l ._� _Q __ ,'!_ _ 6 6 , � __ 3_Q_. f> 1 7 . R _3_ 1 , 1 _1 1 . 1 1 (_,_9 __ ;!_? . 7 t_._5_]_ -2__,_Q5_ S I C A-6 { R ) CL ______ _ --,-,--0- 03+ 0----;�Q- 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 6 l fl , 2 6 R , 7 1 2 . 5 A , O 2 5 , 0 4 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 2 . 7 1 S J L A-4 1 8 1 ML-CL 56 0- 0 5 1 1 0 . 8 1 5 . 6 l 3 . 7 0 , I> 1 . 5 0 .�_(?___,_'L___]_O , (?__ ___ 11 .ll lJ.d n_._l_____l]_,_9 ... _22.__l_�'U- _ _z ,.65 ___ _ S_l_G_ 1\--,6__{ 8 1 ___ _cL, _ __ _

--,-- 0- 1 07.. 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0-.-o--�-.-,-- 0 , 0 ll l . O 1 fl.O 1 0 , 0 2 1 . 6 S , 5 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 2 . 67 S J L A-4 1 8 1 ML-CL

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49

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50

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SAI!lf:LE S!HI t!Ef:T!:l [;;OMPAr;;TJON i�BR GBAQlliiQ� I I �� FME Sl SR SEECIEIC Cl �SSIEICUIO� NUMBEII; DEPTH TO DATA PER CENT GRAVITY TEXTURAL AASHD U N I F I E D

1 F T ) BEO-. ORV OPT +2. 0 2.0- .42- .074- - . oo.s -.001

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2- 8 o . o o . o O,Q o . o o,o 2 8 . 1 47,9 24.0 14.5 25 . 2 5,5 l 9,9 22,5 l ,QI 2.21 Cl ,!1,-4!11 Ml -CI 8-12 12+ o.o o.o o.o o.o 10.0 5 2 . � 20 . 5 1 1 . 2 10 . 8 1 8 . 7 ' - ' 1 6 o 1 1 8 . 3 1 o 79 2 , 6 6 S L A-2-4 1 0 ) SM-SC

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6 0 2 1 0 9 . 8 1 6 . 5 4 . 8 3 . 8 4 . 9 2 1 .0 4 1 . 4 26,9 12 .J 30,4 8 . 1 2 1 . ? 26.2 " 2 70 C( A-4 1 8 \ Ml -CI 2- 4 1 1 2 . 1 1 6 . 1 5 . 8 6 . 0 8 . 4 19, 4 3 5 , 3 30,9 16,5 2 7 ,4 6 . 9 2 3 . 9 24 . 1 1 . 63 2.69 c A - 4 ( 7 ) Ml-Cl 4 8 08+ o . o o . o o . o 47.7 1 . 3 1 1 . 5 1 7 . 3 22.2 14 ' �2 4 l R 6 25 l 23 ' l 22 2oi4 CG 1!,-6 [ 12) GC

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5 1

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-14_2 __ '6':::'12 12+ 0 .0 0 . 0 0 .0 0 .0 5.3 20.1 48,4 26.2 17.4 30,'• 7.9 25.2 24,7 1 . 63 2 . 7 3 C L A-4 ( fl ) ML-CL 143 0- 1 1 l l + 1 20 . 3 l l . l 7 . 9 o , o 0 .6 9 ,4 59 , 0 3 1 . 0 16 .8 30.3 9 . 8 ��-9- +__?,, __ ?�_Q_______]._._Ei ____ s__I_G____k_"L(BJ ___ __ CL _____ _ 144 0- A 08+ 0 .0 0 , 0 50 .0 0 ,0 --5:·1 9 , 5 24 ,2 6 1 , 2 43 ,6 59 .0 47 .6 6 1 . 7 5 1 . "1 2 , 1 9 2 . 28 C A-7-6 ! 2 0 1 .CH -�---· 0-16 1 1 3 . 9 1 5 . f! 1 1 , 4 0 , 0 4 . 1l _ _ __l_7 , 0 5;! .2 _ _2__2__._Q_____ll__.jl____]_ll____,__i______!l_,_9 _ __(_6 ,0 _2_4:_• __ '\_ _ _1 ,65 _ 2 .74 SICL �-4 { 1l ) Ml-CL

n;-.::.29 29+ 1 1 '• . 1 1 5 . 0 4.0 0 . 0 0.0 3 1 . 4 37.4 3 1 . 2 2 1 . 8 28.8 1 1 . 6 2 2 . 6 1 8 , 5 1 .82 2 . 74 C A-6 ( fl l CL _!:"z�;--'g�:c:ei". __!:�i':-,,,,��,:�:-',:�:":'-i�g 6:6 t!-- 1�-�-� ;�:� �!:� �::� ��:� �t� �� : f �� :� i:�� � : �� �1CL �=:�� �

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1 5 2 O-I l ll+ 1 14 , 9 15-: o--1 i �-7 0 . 0 1 2 . 7 1 3 . 1 '•7 . 2 27 .0 17 .8 2 8 , 4 7 . 8 24.3 n , 3 1 , 5 7 2 . 7 5 C L _I\-4 ( R l ML-CL 153 0- 6 06+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 .0 6 . 2 2 1 . 8 35 .4 36,1:> 27 .5 36.6 !],_4 _ _ ?,,;i_,_L__l A . 'l l . A 3 2 . 75 C _ 1\_-,.;,_ ( lOJ __ C.L 154 0- 5 05+ 0 . 0 0 .0 0 , 0 0 ,0 3 , 1 42,3 32 ,4 2 2 . 2 16 ,fl ?.3,6 6 ,R 1 9 , R 2 5 , 2 1 , 63 2 . 7 5 C L A-4 ! 4 1 ML-CL 1 5 5 0- 4 04+ ___ Q_._Q. __ Q , O _ Q_._Q ___ O . O 4 . 1 2 0 . 1 44 ,0 3 l . ll 22 __ ,_2_2__9_d __ 1 1 , Q 22 ,4 22_._8__L�.69 __ _ _2 ,_74 ___ _ __ c_ ___ A-6 ! 8 1 Cl. 156 0- 5 05+ 0 .0 0 .0 0 , 0 0 .0 1 ,7 30,9 39,fl 27 ,6 1 7 , 0 24,8 9 ,0 1 9 , R 20.5 1 , 74 2 . 69 C L A-4 ( 6 1 C L

_!:�:':--':":c1c�� _ .. L��--- -Ht� �t:: ::� g:6 �:� �;:� ��:� ��:6 --�6:� ; � : i �:� -i�-:�- {-i:��:�.�}---}:��L- - -{-2t-- �=� � � ; ��=��-2 1 '• t 4t+ l t 2 . 5 1 6 . 7 2 ,4 0 .0 6 . 5 2 1 . 5 35 ,4 3Q__,f> 1 9 . 2 33 .7 l 3 , 'l 2 5 . 6 1 9 . 4 1 . 79 2 . 74 A 6_(9_ 1 _ C L

1 5 9 0 1 2 12+ 1 2 1 . 7 t 1 . H 8 . 1 0 . 0 1 . 7 6 3 . 7 1 3 . 6 2 1 . 0 2 0 . 8 7 1 . 3 5 . H 1 1l . 9 1 A . 7 1 . 1l ] 2 . 74 S C L A-4 ( 2 1 SM-SC _!leOQO _ _!Oc-cJoL"'''''

-��o._c. o o/o o . o o . o 6.0 34 , 8 29 ,0 30 .2 20,0 24 . 1l ]_,__?_ 2_J_, fl _ 2 2 , 5 � . P_Il_ 2 . 10 C A-4 ( 5 1 C L

1 6 1 0-10 1 1 5 . 0 T3';'ii ::J ; B - -o-;0 2 . 5 58 , 9 1 9 , 6 1 9 , 0 A ,4 2 5 , 4 "• · 9 24 . 1 26.7 1 . 59 2 . 75 SL A-4 ! 1 1 S�l-SC

10-1!1 1 1 1l . 3 1 1 , 7 2 9 , 5 0 .0 1 . 1 8 2 . 7 6 , A 9 ,4 3 ,6 0 . 0 Q._Q __ 0 .0 _2_l,_Q 1_, 7_2 __ 2 ,_6_$_ _S A:-2-'d O J SM 18-37 3'7'" -u-5-.-5- 1 0 , 2 20.4 0 , 0 9 , 4 67,4 ll , O 1 5 , 2 --]", 6 0 ,0 0 , 0 0 .0 2 1 . 5 l . 7 ' >J SL A-2-4( 1 1 1 S�\

162 0 10 10+ 0.0 0 .0 0 .0 0 . 0 3.2 5,4 }_±....± .. 57 ,0 24,6 31l .3 13,3 3 1 . 9_____ll__,__Q_J _ _ ._l:l_!L_ _ _2_.jl_O ___ C ___ o_---:f'.l9_l ___ _ M_L:-_CL__ 16:3"·-- 0-10 1 1 7 . 7 14.-5 9 ,4 0 , 0 2 . 2 65 ,fl 1 2 . 8 1 9 . 2 l l . 4 0 .0 0 .0 u , O ?;> , 9 1 .611 2 . 7 2 SL A-2-4 ( 0 1 S�l

- ��-:1� "3',-,-1:1��Q_.J:� �6:! �:� g:� 1�:i i�:� i-�-�� ��:� - -���-!--i{-:i-t�-:� �=�}-i-�:� i : �-: - ; : ��--z----!=�.:��io� �t-c�. _lleO,, _ _'O!=.J''-"O"oc> __ QO,.OQ_J01-.. 0 0 .0 __ Q�.O __ <,._. 5 1'• . 1 35 .6 45 .fl 2l> , 0 39 .3 1 5 .S: _U,_Il __ 1H ,_7 1 . 8 2 2 . 7 6 C !\-6 ( 10 1 ML-CL

lOS 0-14 109 . 2 1 5 . 9 4,7 0.0 0_, 0 1 0 . 8 _69_,_t> _ _ 1 9 , 6 p . 6 30.9 8.5 ?_6, 7 2__R__,_7: 1 _ _ . } :i _ _ {_,])_ _S l.l_ A-4 ( f! l M L - C L

14-24 1 1 S . 4 1 5 . 9 7.4 0.0 3 , 1 48.5 20,4 28 ,0 \ 7 , 2 2R , 2 1 1 . 2 24,8 23 .0 1 . 1 1 2 . 1l 1 SCL A-6 ( 3 ) S C

_ 24_---:.H\ _ _ _3_�_+ __ _l_l_?,_0�_2____,___6_ __ O_,_D __ ;?_,_� __ _l_f!____,____'l__ _ _]2 , z _ _ ,!.�,!!_ 23 ._0 14. 1 1 2 . 7_ 2f>,'• 1 9 . 3 1 . 7 1 2 , 1l 1 C A-h ( ' l l C L

166 0-10 10+ 0 ,0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .0 4.6 ] <1 . 2 45 ,0 3 1. . 2 1R ,4 �9 ,4 ' l,'l 25,2 2 l .ll 1 . -14 2 .74 A-4 ( A } r. L

_L�?_ __ _Q=.______B____!!__:I:__l0 5 , R___l_fr_,_:'t:_ _ _?_,J_ O , O ___ !_, '!_ _ ___ 12__,_1 -�1.0_ 44,0 3'-\ , 2 :-��> , '• 14 ,9 2R o l 2'> . 3 l .OO 0 .0 A-6 ( 1 0 1 CL

16A 0- 5 05+ 0 , 0 0 ,0 0 ,0 0 ,0 4 ,4 2 l , H 5 1 , 0 2 2 , A l Z , R 27 , 6 h .4 24 , ') 21 .0 1 , 6 S 2 .65 S I C L A-4 ( A I ML-Cl 169 0 14 14+ 1 1 S , h 1 5 , 4 2 , 3 0 .0 2 , 7 _� __ ?__5)_,� _ 2�_._2 __ 1,7_._4 21l . 1 R , C! 23 ,8 2 l . 3 L , "/4 _2 , 71> _ CL A-" ( � 1 CL 170 0-15 1 1 5 . 6 15,4 2.3 0 . 0 2 . 1 39.7 29.4 21l,2 17 ,4 � R . l 8,9 23,8 ? 1 , 3 1 , 74 2 . 76 CL A-4 ! 5 ) Cl

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15-20 1 20 . 5 1 2 . 9 3.6 o.o 7.0 35.8 3_L__Q_________Q_,_Q________Ll_._q__2_it_._9:_ __ 7_ � _ _ 6 23,_0_ 2L,3 1 .73 2 •. "13_ CL A-4 ( 4 1 C L 20-30 30+ l l ll . 5 12.8 2 . 1 0 . 0 0.5 34.5 27,8 37,2 23 ,0 28 ,5 1 2 . 2 21,9 1 5 , 2 1 .95 2 . 77 C A-6 ( f! ) C L

0- 8 013+ 0.0 0 . 0 0.�0 __ O_,_Q _ __ 2_,._5 ____ JI_.__l _ __ 28 . 8 60 6 28 ll 4_L.__B __ l!\_,Q_ 3_l_._'1__2_L,_3 _ _ l_._l_Q__2_�_73 _ _ C A-7_-6 ( 1 ) _ .CL _ _ 0- 10 0 .0 d .O 0 , 0 0 ,0 1 . 1 16 ,9 59 ,2 2 2 . A 13 ,1l 26 ,4 8 , 6 2 1 . 2 23 ,4 1 .65 2 .68 S IC L A-4- I H ) C L

10-15 15+ o.o o.o Q.._Q_Jl..,..Q____ 4.3 36 9 29 6 29 2 19 4 31 7___ll_,___Q____ 5 19 4 1 79 2 :u_____c_L ___ A_--:_6_l5_L __ ______G_L __ _ 0- 8 08+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 .0 1 , 1 1 6 , 9 59 ,2 2 2 . 8 13 ,1l 26,4 8 . 6 2 1 . 2 23 .4 1 .65 2 .68 S lCL A-4- { fl ) C L

0-10 1 10 , 4 1 5 . 7 6.1 o.o o.� 1 7 0 53 4 29 6_____lil_._Q __ 2Jl , 7 _ a,_9 __ _2'J_,_/l ___ ltt�-�L_Laa _ _ 2 ,_7_3 _ _ SICL A:-:4.!8_1 _CJ__ 10-14 9 7 . 3 23,9 l .4 o .o 2 . 5 1 5 . 7 15.8 66,0 34.4 4R.2 25.7 33,5 20,1 1 .18 2.80 c �-7-6 ! 16 1 CL 14-17 17+ 10R . 5 1R.3 1 . 2 o.o 2 . 2 _?.2 ._R- ZJ_,_fl �_:,_.z _ _ z_g_.g_ :n,_3 l5_._7 _ _29__La__lL.L_LLB_9_ _ _ z . 7 9 c. A-& U o l cL 0-10 1 1 0 . 4 1 5 , 7 6 , 1 0.0 0 . 0 1 7 . 0 53 .4 2 9 , 6 1 A , 6 2f! , 7 ll , 9 24,8 1 9 , 7 1 , 7fl 2 . 73 SICL A-4 ( 1l ) CL

i�-g t��:€ i�:; i:� g:g ;:� 1�:� ��:� �t� ;�.: ��.3 1;.� ��-� l�}---H}-�--- �----A=6�70',hl-,c,'---19-211 1 2 1 . 3 1 1 . 3 7 . 2 Q�Q ____ 1 . 5 _t;-_( , 5 _ 16 . 0 j_'/__,_Q_ __ _'!__._� _ _ _ Q_,_Q _ _ _Q_,_Q ____ n__._o __ 2.L_2__L._I3 _ _ 2_ ,_72 .SL A-2.,-_4JO I . SM 26-33 33+ 108 .5 1 1l . 3 1 . 2 0 , 0 -2 ·;2 2 2 , A 2 l . fl 5 3 . 2 2 6 , 6 3"1.3 1 5 . 7 29 .0 1 1 . 2 1 .89 2 . 79 C A-6 ( 10 1 C L 0 7 07+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 _ Q_�.Q _(l__._q" _ J _,_J ___ ,1_8_, __ 9_ -�_ll __ Z2__._L__�2_,_�;?:_,_L ___ 9 _ _, ?_2_2_,_L____l__Q_,_�

---l__._f>L __ 2 ._78 S l C L 11,-_4_( 8_L _____ ML-,C L __

0- 7 0.0 0.0 0 . 0 0 . 0 1 . 1 18 .9 54.8 25,2 15,0 32,1 9,5 25 ,7 26 .3 1 . 6 1 2 . 7R S IC I. A-4 { A ) ML-CL 7-14 14+ o.o o . o o.o 0.0 z . o 2 3 , 2 33.6 4 1 . 2 23 .0 34, 1 1 2 .4 27 . 7 2 ? . 3 1 .62 2 . 73 ____ .fc __ ---�_l_<U_________{;_L_ __ 0 2 102 .H 20,4 2 . 1 0 . 0 1 . 8 1 3 . 6 60.0 24,6 2 1 . 0 35 ,4 1 3 , 3 28,6 27 , 7 1 . 56 2 . 75 S ICL A-6 ( 9 ) CL 2- 5 1 1 11 . 6 1 6 .o 2 . 6 o . o 4 . 5 48 ,9 zo .6 zc,__,__Q __ t�_,_:.. ?_/?_,_:.: ___ El_, __ � v.�H X2..·--� _ _ 1 __ ._69 2 . 18 sc� . ..!1.:-:::!H _ _l_ __ __s.c . . _ 5- 1 2 12+ 1 14 , 9 14 ,3 1 , 5 0 . 0 6 . 2 14.4 36.0 43.4 20 . 2 35 ,2 1 1 , 6 27 ,5 1 9 , 4 l . A l 2 . 79 C A-6 ( 9 ) ML-CL

ll!i7�0L_QOc-�'-� 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 ,0 _Q_.__Q __ ,__?_�7 1 0 . 7_ '•L, , f! 4 1 . 13 26.4 37 ,0 1 5 , 0 29,7 20,5 _l_,__T_5 2 . 7 2 C ____ _A-::__lilD�-- _CL B- 13 13:;.·-------·o:o .. -----o:o- -Q� 0 ,0 1 . 7 41l , 9 2 2 , R 26,6 1 3 , ,, 23 .9 6 . 1 2 1 . 3 20 ,9 1 . 74 2 . 73 C L A-4 1 3 1 SM-SC

1 80 0- R Oil+ 1011.9 1 7 , 6 5 , 6 0 ,0 0 , 0 10 ,4 f>"l . ll 2 l . ll 13 .4 29 . 9 8 . 6 26,2 29 ,4 1_,2_2_ _ _2_ __ ,:/_f> _ __ ____:l_l_Cl A-4 ( fl l M[-C(

1 8 1 0- 6 06+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 .0 0 , 0 1 0 , 2 62,6 2 7 , 2 1 1 ,6 2 A , 9 5 . 9 26.2 29 .0 1 . 54 2 . 77 S !CL A-4 ( 1l l ML-CL

Jl"'"''-�,":=:":l:- i��:� :�:� �:� 6:� 1�:i ��:: �::: ��:� ��.� 3�.� 1�.� 2�.5 �}:� -}-:-;,� i : �� - _ _ S.lCl

_ -t-���-��c:.CL_ 16 23 23+ 1 1 7 . 0 1 5 . 4 1 . 4 o . o 4 . 5 30 .5 1 9 . 1l 45 .2 28 , 0 32 , 3 1 3 . 2 24.3 17_.1 _ _ 1 . /;l_]_ _ 2_ ,74 _ _L -- ----�--L_______c_L_ __

T1J"3'·--0- 5 05+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 .0 0 .0 0 .9 1 1 . 7 63,2 24 ,2 16 ,6 29 ,6 6 . 7 25 ,9 2 5 . 2 1 .60 2 .67 S I C L A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 184 o 1 5 106 . 9 1 7 . 6 5 . 6 o . o o . o 1 0 . 4 67,1l 2 1 . fl 1 3 ,4 29 , 9 8 . 6 26. 2__2_2_d-.. l . __ 5_:;l __ 2 •. 7.6 .S.J.CL __ .A_::liaL________ML-::.CL_ __

15-29 29+ 104 , 1 20.3 1 . 0 0 , 0 6 ,0 1 '3 , 4 29 ,0 5 1 . 1> 3'• · 2 <>3 , 2 1 1l . 3 32 ,4 1' l ,4 1 . 77 2 , 70 C A-7-6 ( 1 2 ! ML-CL 185 o-20 2 o+ JQf>",_'L..J..I__._§_.--2 _ _,___£_ _Q_._Q_ ___ Q_,___Q__tQ_._!:t ___ 6 1 . R 2 1 8 1 3 4 29 9 8 LQ__z_Q_.__z__2.2_._,, _ _l_,_'!l_ 2 , 1 L __ _ s.LcL_l!,tiBJ _ _______ML=LL--186 0- 4 04+ 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 .0 0 . 0 1 .9 IJ , 5 63 ,2 26.4 1 5 . 2 30.6 6 ,6 2 7 , 3 21\ , 1 ] ,54 2 .69 S JCL A-4 ( A ) ML-CL ]� 0-18 109 , 2 17 .4 6,3 o.o o . o 1 9 . 0 56 , R 24 ,2 1 7 . 0 27 , 9 5 .9 _ ___2_�,_1---.Z_Q,_]_ _l _ _.__5_fl__ 2 , 73 _ _ _ S_iCL ___ Il,_,_'±Ull ____ lli_--=.CL

.... i8-26 106.3 1 'J . O 2 . 2 0 . 0 1 . 7 1 9 . 9 34 . 2 44 , 2 ?7,6 34 ,2 14,4 27,4 2 1 . 5 1 .69 2 .64 CL A-6 ( 1 0 1 CL 26-33 33+ 1 09. 2 1 fl , 7 1 . 1 0 .o 2 . 1 9. 3 2 5 . 0 63.6 30. 4...±2.....L . .l__L,_2___2.L ... ;LlAL.LL_Il_7_ ___ Z-dL _ _c ___ , _____ J!.-,-].-,.6.JlU. ... t!IL::.C.L. ........

188 0- ll OR+ 0 , 0 0 ,0 0 ,0 0 . 0 2 . 0 l fl , h 5 2 , R 21>.6 1 3 ,4 27 . 3 6 ,4 23 , 3 24,7 l .M 2 , 74 S I C L A-4 ( f! l M L - C L

lfl9 0-25 25+ 109 , 2 17,4 6,3 0 .0 0 .0 l9_• __ Q _ _ __ 5{>_._f! __ 2.'• . 2 I]_,_Q_2_J_,_9 _ _ 5 .. ,_9 _ _2.�,_2 __ _26_,_7__ } , � 13 _ _ 2_,_"13 ______ 5_1CL __ _ A-4!8.1 ML-C.L

190 0- 6 06+ 0 . 0 0 .0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 14 , 1> 114,0 2 1 , 4 9 , fl 2 9 . 9 6 . � 2 6 . 5 29 , '1 1 . 52 2 , 74 S l C L A-4(f l l ML-CL llcOCl�_QOc-_o,_Q_9 .. :!: •• _ .L0_� . 2 1 7 ,4 6 , 3 o,o 0 . 0 1 9 , 0 __ 56 .'l 24 .2 1 7 . 0 27.9 5 . 9 2�_,_2 _2_Q._] _ _\_,_2_8 __ _2_,_73 ____ .5lLL _ _ _ I\.,-_4_L8J ML-CL

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0- f> 06 108 . 7 1 6 . 7 1 3. 5 0 .0 0 .9 1 !. . 0 s5 .• o 3 3 . 1 1 9 . 5 2 6 , 2 6 , 7 2 2 . 5 2 2 . 4 1 . 63 2 . 5 7 S I C A-4 ( fl ) ML-CL 0- 1 1 5 . 0 1 3 . 5 10 . 7 0 . 0 0 . 4 63 . 5 l O .L. 26 .0 1 5 ,9 23 , 7 7_,Jl .i:'.2 ..... '!_LL...'L.L_/i.2____2_._9.B._d .. Sc! A 4 1 0 1 .S.C .... _ 1- 03 1 1 6 , 5 1 3 , 8 1 2 . 2 0 ,0 0 . 5 45 , 6 2 8 . 1 2 5 , 8 14,8 20.8 5 . 2 1 8 . 3 2 0 . 8 1 ,64 2 . 69 C L A-4 ! 4 1 ML-CL

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_ _22 ___ Q_:-: __ s_ _Q_. Q _o_,_o o,o _Q_, o o.o 2Ft , <• ? 3 . 2 lJl_,_!<: __ _ l!l._,, _z.;-, , 5 4.'l _2_1_.7 _ __2__6____,_2__� 4 __ J\:::4(1\ M+ c1 'i - 1 8 111 1 1 6 . 7 1 3 . 0 1'>.0 0 .0 0 . 5 � 2 . 2 2 5 . 2 2 ? , 3 10 ,4 2 0 . h 4 , 9 1 9 . 1 ?1 . 9 1 . 6? 2,64 JS C L A-4 1 3 1 SM SC 0- A (lA+ 0_, 0 0 . 0 O . Q ll . O (l ,_O ?R , 4_ 'i 3 , � 1 11 , 4 ) 0 , '! 2_9 ,_5 4,9 23.._7 __ 2_6__._2__L_2b__ 2:._64 Sll ML=CL 0- 7 1 1 2 . 2 1 4 , 5 5 , 1 0 . 0 0 ,0 ZR ,4 5 0 , 6 2 1 . 0 9 , A 2 8 , 0 6 , A 2 3 . 5 �4.3 1 , 5 9 2 .62 S T C L A-4 1 7 ) ML-CL 7 - 1 0 1 1 1'> . 7 1 '1 . 0 14 .0 0.0 0 . 5 ?2.2 25.?. 2 2 . 3 10,4 20.6 t, ,9 19 , 1__23_,_2____l__.___6_2 _ ___2__, 6_4_ _ SCL _l\..:::.!t1__3j___SI:l::_SL___

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2.1 . ...2 __ U . 5 Hl_._2 6_. 5 o .•. o _ _19. 1 l .7Q _ z . 6_'L_____s.c_L -�------ _s&.SL.. 43 0- 4 04 1 1 9 . 5 1 3 . 1 9 . 4 0 , 0 3 , 0 43, 1 24.A 2 9 . 1 16 ,5 27 . 7 3 , 5 0 . 0 19 ,4 1 .60 2 . 7 1 CL A-4 ( 4 ) ML 44 0 5 05 1 1 5 , 7 1 2 . 3 _1 2 , 5 0 , 3 1 . 2 60.0 1 2 , 4 2 6 . 1 1 7 , 0 2 0 , 9 3� _ ___o__._9.___1_f!_ •• 9___1__,__2_Q___?_,,]Q SCI __ A 4 ! J t ....5Ji__ --4·5 0-13 1 3 1 1 1 , 0 16 , 3 0 .0 1 . 8 2 . 1 1 7 . 7 36.9 4 1 . 5 28 . 8 36 . 1 1 1 . 0 0 .0 1 8 , 6 1 .80 2.74 C A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 46 o- 3 -� )._h'L_p �-() 1_. _I __ 2 •-� _ _l��-- _u....2_3 2 . 9 ____2_�_, __ Q __ l.9 _ _._L_j , 1;-Q ___ _ z_._7.2 __ , _c_ ____ A_::-_'t.l lll ____ _!1l...=.Gl. - --"":3=12l2 1 1 3 , 0 14 , 2 0 . 0 2 . 1 1 . 6 24 .0 35,0 37.3 26.3 26 . 5 7 , 2 0 .0 17 ,4 1 . 70 2 . 7 1 C A-4 ! 7 1 CL

_____.!! 1 o- 4 ____ 1 l .. �_;_l____!p_._L __ 7_._5 _ _Q.._l__ o . 2 1_g_.._2 ____QQ_.__!L _ _]:_��. _<;LJL__2......l __ ___Q_._Q__J.!i....5 .. A ... W. _2 �:-o ____ ___ G.___ A:.--!±.!_!U_ __ riL.::..C.L ----4-14 14 1 13 , 6 ! 5 . ! 6 , 1 0 , 9 """"""Cl:"614,3 44,5 39.7 28 .9 3 1 , 6 9.6 0 .0 20 . 2 1 . 30 2 . 1 1 C A-4 ( 8 1 ML-CL

:� g_�� 14+ , og:z 1�:� �:2 �:g 6:� �t� z�.� j�:� i�:g j::g �=� g:g igJ �:�g ·-z.n --fL---!"'"-'_l_--J<Lc--

------.2.Q::5 _1 __ 5_I __ .. _.Q..JL____Q_Jl __ �..JhQ______Q ._o. _ ____Q_.._Q__ ____ o .• o o • o ,__J)_._Q___O_..o_____Q__._ll____, o_____Q_._Q_____ .n.......o.....J __ o ._Q _____ _5l_ll 50 0- 4 04 1 13 . 7 14,9 6 . 3 0 ,0 1 . 3 10 , 8 58 .3 29,6 1 5 . 3 26 ,6 0 .9 0 ,0 1 8 . 8 1 ,60 2 ,69 S I C L A-4 ( 8 ) ML

_ __2_1 ___ 0- '• __Q.i__ _!1Jl....2._lQ .. , 3 2 1 . 3 8_,_f\ ___ 2.!t._._l_ . ..2.'i.._l____l_!j__._';i ___ ...l..lh2_____l(l_._'L...2h]__(. • .B_____Q_._Q__l6:...l...2..._2.D ___ 2.£.1_Q__________SL_ •• _._�_ __s_c__ 52 0-10 10 0 . 0 0.0 0,0 0,0 2.2 1 1 , 9 54,8 3 1 . 1 18.7 26.5 1.8 0,0 2 0 . 1 1,30 2 . 7 1 SIC A-4 ( 8 1 ML

__ 5_3 __ 0- 3 03 120.0 11 .9 14 .7 2.3 2_._f1_ 44.6 ?4 4 26 3 14 8 2 1 9 1 3 o o 19 1 1 40 2 70 C! A-4f3! Mf 54 0- 3 105.8 2 0 . 1 5 . 7 2 , 7 8 . 9 14 ,6 36 .0 37.8 20.4 29,4 3 . 3 0 .0 20,6 1 .20 2 . 7 2 C A-4 ( 8 1 ML

3- "J 01 1?0 0 1 1 , 9 14 7 2 ,� ___ 2 ._!1_ 4_4__,)'l __ 2,'t..._L__Z[l_.._j_________fL__2,L_2 _ _L_L__Q_,_Q___l__9_.1 1 40 2 ,7. . A-4!31 _ML__ ,--().:_--� 05 1 1 3 . 7 1 2 . 7 9 ,9 4 , 0 1 . 2 42.4 3 1 . 3 2 1 . 1 1 0 , 3 35 .6 1 2 . 5 0 ,0 19 ,9 1 , 30 2 . 73 CL A-6 1 3 1 ML-CL 5 h 0- 6 06 _ _____ll_Q_._J J_f_._� _ ____!l__._L _ _2....2__ _ _l , 2 ';!0 ._1 24 ._4 __ 2_1_. A .. 1.L .. Q.._2_�_._8 " _L_L_il__& ___ l.L.3___l..__9_o __ __ .2.......1..5_____5f:l A-4 !2...)_ , .. __ __s_c__ 57-- -0-�--- - 10r,,3- 1 !1 . 5 5 . 5 0 , 1 l , h 1 2 , 5 50,6 35 ,2 16 ,6 30,0 9.0 0 . 0 20 ,2 1 . 2 0 2 , 69 C A-4 ( 8 1 ML-CL

4- A Qf\ 120,0 1 1 . 9 1 7 , 5 1 . 0 ;:'__._l (>!2_,_;\_ }..2__._9 _ _.2_Q,_�n_. 4 7 �A70 2 69 SCI A-4 ! 0 1 SM SC 511

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__ 04 nt:7 1 3 , 5 6 . 1 0 , 0 0 . 8 23 . 1 39.7 36.4 24 . \ 25 ,9 3 . 7 0 . 0 2 1 . 1 2.00 2 .70 C A-4 ! 8 1 ML

_ _____?9 _ ____Q::___l ____ l_l_1_,.__�_ ... L__Q_._Q_ o .a 23 . 1 � 9 . • 7 ;) 6 ,_4 _ Z!r ... L-25 ._9 _ __ ) , 7. 0 , 0 _ _.2_1_,_1_ 2 ,_Q_Q______2_._1.Q__ __ f._______l!._�BJ __ _____M_L__

3- f> 06 1 J A , 7 1 2 , 7 0.0 1 , 0 2 . 0 5 8 . 2 14 , 1 24 . 7 14 . 2 1 7 . 7 0 .0 0 , 0 0,0 0 . 0 2 , 68 SCL A-4 ( 1 1 SM ___ .. t.O __ _Q::_ 3_0_3 __ 11B..J......U.�_L _ ___Q_,__Q__l_,_9 _ _l�_Q__ 58 . 2 1_:t , L_ 24.7 l_�. 2 . L7_.._J p .o o .o o .o o,p _ __ z_,_!>_6________.S_C_L_______A;:,_il.l..l..______,S_M

6 1 0- 4 106 , 1 1 9 . 2 6,6 0 ,0 0 . 3 14 ,7 46 ,5 3B.5 26.4 3 5 . 2 5 , 5 0 .0 111 ;7 1 .80 2 . 69 C A-4 ( 8 1 ML

02 4- 7 07 -��_Q_.�-- J.'J:� 0 31 • 4, ,_23 __ ._7_)_5_,L_ll_,_.!L_2__. .. 2__Q_.Q_ __ �_4_ ,B.__ l_,_gJ) __ 2 •. 6.•0>-----!'L---!�'C"'!----.J<L-o- 3 109 . 4 J 5 , 7 6 ,4 0 ,0 0 . 4 1 1 ,4 53.9 34,3 20.6 33 ,6 2 . 8 0 .0 20,3 1 . 70 2 . 64 A 4 ( 4 ) ML

____ _?.= 5 _ _Q_? _ __!{)�_._I......l.2....._. 7_,__! _ ___Q_,_Q _0 ,3 _ _ _16 ,4 54,7 28 .6 1 11 . 1 33,8 7 ._2 Q ,O 23 , 1 1 . 70 2 . 58 SJCI 4-414L_____!iL_ __ 63- 0- 2 107.3 19.0 0 . 0 0,0 0 . 2 1 2 . 4 4f\,7 3A . 7 26,4 37,3 10.7 0,0 2 2 .9 1 . 50 2 ,65 C A-6 ( 3 ) ML-CL

2- 7 _Q_7 _ _!Q_5_�'? __ 20_._j_ _ __Q_._Q_ Q�Q ___ Q.2 14 ,9 5<, , 5 30,4 2 1 . 5 35.4_ 8,8 O . Q _ ;':2 , 9 1 . 70 2 , 64 _f._ 1\-:-'t_l!Ll __ _!iL_ .. 64 -- -- o::.- Y 103.6 1 7 , 7 0 .0 0 , 0 0 . 8 1 2 . 2 63 ,0 2'• · 0 9,0 29 .0 7 .4 24,9 32 .0 1 .44 0 , 0 SICL A-4 1 A 1 ML-CL

67 _

62

__ 3� _ _Q_Q_____ll_.L, 6 1 5 . A 0 , 0 0 . 0 6 , 2 14 ,4 --�, 1 }�_,._3 .. ......l..h2....it;;J_,_!!-• ..2.l__._'t____2_'hL.2.5__._'L_l_.ll L _ _Q_._Q____ .. C._------.A.::..L:6J .. l.'.t..l.......C 0- 3 03 109.9 14 ,5 0 ,0 0 , 0 8 , 7 1 5 . 1 53,4 22 .A 8 .9 2 5 .9 6 . 2 2 1 . 5 27 . ? 1 . 5 5 0 .0 S TCL 11-4 ( 1\ 1 ML-CL <2= ___ 3 ______ _1_0'1 �

-__ Q__.._fl __ Q_,_Q .(\__._] _ _ 15.J1 53,4 2 2 . 8 f\_.9 2 5 , 9. 6 . 2 2 1 . 5 2"1..2 1 .55 0 . 0 S I C L A::-:4 ( 8 1 _ _ __ __ML=.C.L

3- 5 05 1 1 1 , 6 1 5 . A 0 , 0 0 .0 6 . 2 14,4 45 , 1 34 , 3 23 .5 43,4 2 1 . 9 25 .3 2 5 , 5 1 , 6 1 0 .0 C A-7-6 1 14 ) CL Q.=__2___Q5 __ ____lQ9_,_9, ��_Q _ _ _ Q,_Q _ __ A , J l�_,l 53,4 2 2 , R 8 , 9 25 ._9 6 . 2 _2L • . 5 27.2 1.55 0 , 0 S 1CL Aoo4lB.L MLc.C..L

CUUNTY MIJHLENBERG

� e�A·��-6��:W�c,c-\:�:£'l'""-''''"';�:�;c:UiiC"''--'c !3 F<___ � � � 0-�� � �-'----- __ li__________P_l__F M F -_ ___s__l_ _ ___5_F>,_ �-��{Tv_c__T_fX T �-� i�"'\�1{-B-�J C1 �� F_I_

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_________ l�T l BED- DRY OPT + 2 . 0 ;>__,_P_=---_._�_2_- , Q74- _-:. O_Q_'/____::_. 0_0__1 ROCK U N I T M C -{MM i . 4 2 ,074---.005 I MI" d I M M J I i=_!l_ WT ____ j_� M ) -�-��_l_ __ _ __ _ IPCFl __ _

68 0- 2 1 0 7 . 3 i5--;�o._o _ ___Q__,__Q____3__,_J _ ),_9 . 1 5 5 . 4 2_\ , fl ____ ]____.__<i_____u__._"t_ _!o_,;i_2l__,_:i___]_(l_,9 l ._�_l _ ____j)_._O__ SCL _ ___ ______&::�t1_8J M � i:.. -4-04--J:Tl.6 1 � . fl o . o o . o 6 . 2 1 4 . 4 45 , 1 3 4 . 3 2 3 . 5 4 3 , 4 2 1 . 9 2 5 . 3 2 5 . 5 1 . 6 1 o . o c A-7-6 1 14 1 C L 69 0- 2 _______lQl___, � _l_i__,__J___Q . O Q._Q_ _ ______d___,_l__J_9 o l

-�_._4 __ 2__!__,_1)__ ,7 , 9__2] _ _._'±__fi-_, 5 2l0 _ _____2_fl_�_SL 1 . 5. 1 _ _ Q_.Jl S C L A-_418_)__ ML.-,CL---

2- 5- 05 1 1 1 . 6 1 5 , 8 0 . 0 0 , 0 A . 2 1 4 . 4 45 . 1 34 . 3 2 3 , 5 4 3 , 4 2 1 , 9 2 5 . 3 2 5 , 5 1 . 6 1 0 , 0 C A-7-6 1 1 4 ) CL 70 0- _;l 1 0 5 _.�0.0 __ Q____,_Q_ __ Q_,_7 1 4 . 2 __ 2__2..._± __ 2 9 , 7 _ L;I_,__'L___R, __ I, 10_,1 2.__L__l_;l__2 , 4 L.� ___ Q_,_Q S_ICL ___ k_6_IB_l_ ML=Ll______

3.:_ 6 06 1 2 4 . 9 l l . O 0 . 0 0 . 0 6 . 9 5 3 . 5 1 5 , 11 2 3 . 8 1 4 , 9 2 2 . 6 9 . 1 1 5 . 8 2 1 . 6 1 . 7 1 0 . 0 S C L A-4 1 1 ) SC 71 0 4 04 tf_4 ,9 1 1 . 0 0,0 0.0 6_._9 __ 5;1__, 5 1 5 . 8 2 __ 3_..f!_�i'__2_,_!!_ _3_, L___l_2�_.-�L I 71 o 0 . S.CL_ $(.___________ 72 0- 2 105 , 6 1 7 . 3 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 7 1 4 . 2 5 5 . 4 2 9 , 7 1 3 . 9 3 2 , 4 1 0 , 7 2 3 . 1 3 2 . 4 1 , 40 0 . 0 S I C L A-6 1 8 1 M L-C L

2_::- 'Ot ___ D4 __ 1 2_4 ._9_____il___&__Q , o _Q_.___Q______Q_._'J 53 ,5___1_2_._B___23_, 11 L'+_._51 _22_._6_ ___ 9 , 1 l5_._6_____2_1_._6_ l . • _ll______o__.l)_ __SCL __ -�LL) __ sc_ ____ _ 73 0- 2 1"0 5 . 6 1 7 . 3 O , Q 0 . 0 0 . 7 1 4 , 2 5 5 , 4 2 9 . 7 1 3 , 9 3 2 . '• 1 0 . 7 2 3 . 1 3 2 . 4 1 . 40 0 . 0 S I C L A-6 1 8 1 M L-CL

2 5 05_+ __ _l_i'_!!_ _ _._2__U_,Q ___ O ,_o_Q_,O ___ 6_,_2 __ __2_.��--

l_5 . 8 _ _ 23__.__8___________ 2 2 . _6 _ _9__.__l _ _L? ,_8 2L._6__ L._U_ O_,O _ ___ SCL ____ A-4.Lll _____ _s(.________ 74 0- 3 03 1 2 4 . 9 1 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 6 . 9 5 3 . 5 1 5 , 8 2 3 . R 1 4 , 9 2 2 . 6 9 . ] 1 5 . 8 2 1 . 6 1 . 7 1 0 , 0 SCL A-4 1 1 1 SC 75 o- 1 1 o s . 6 n a _ ____g_.Q_______Q_dl ___ " o . 7 1 4 . z 5'? .•. �_2.2_,_l ___ _u_._g v 4 1 o 1 ?.�.d ... 3� _ _ o_._o_ _ -HS.L_______M_i--=-f

1 - 4 o<,+ 1 2 4 . 9 1 1 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 6 . 9 5 3 , 5 1 5 . 8 2 3 , 8 1 4 , 9 2 2 . 6 9 . 1 1 5 , 8 2 1 . 6 1 . 7 1 0 . 0 SCL A-4 ( 1 ) SC 16 o 2 __ ___QL_____l]-_h· q __ _u_.l___S) . o _ _p_,Q __ _____1__._!!_ _,_9 .t _ _ lL.____!l___2 9 . 7 2 ;1 �1!_::!.£_,__, _1_ 6 . o_ l9____.__n__n_RL l •. 5.5 ___ n_._u_ __ _s_c L 1L-___6_j_4_l___ sc. 77 0-- 1 0 6 . 5 1 7 , 6 o . o 0 . 0 0 , 3 1 0 . 6 5 2 . 5 3 6 , /, 2 2 , 8 3 9 . 9 1 1 . 1 2 4 o l 2 9 , 8 1 , 50 o . o C A-6 1 1 1 1 CL

_3-=� 1 16 . 6 1 3 . 7 O o!)_____Q_,__Q ___ ): . 4 ___ 4_�_.__l ___ Q _ _,_£l 2_9 ,_7 _ _____22_�LJ.2 , 4 1_p_._o __ l_2_._Q _ _2} . 2 _ _ L, 22____ __ o ,_o _ s c L A"'..6 t!!:l_ s_c ____ _ 78 o- 2 1:06� o . o o . o o . 3 1 0 . 6 5 2 . 5 3 6 , 6 2 2 , 8 3 9 . 9 1 7 . 1 2 4 . 1 2 9 . 8 1 . 50 o . o c A-6 1 1 1 1 CL

79 �= � Q_ft_ ib�:� i9·+-�:g g:-t ci:� �b:� g��--��:� ���-�--+�-:� i�:�--H-:-i- �-H1 g:o c --�=-� ·iitc, -�,�,--1 3 03 1 16 . 6 U . 7 0 �_Q______Q_.__Q__ 3 ,_:! __ i9_,____\_ __ _l_l_,_H_ 2_9 _ _._7____l_} _ _._ll__ 3_2 � 4_ LQ.,_Q______J__9_,_6 21_,_2__L_2_5 ___ o_. 0_ _SCL ____ __k:-__6_1 !_t__L_ s_c_____

80 0- 2 02 1 1 6 . 6 1 3 . 7 0 . 0 0 . 0 3 . 4 49. 1 1 7 . 11 2 9 , 7 2 3 . 8 3 2 , 4 1 6 , 0 1 9 . 6 2 7 . 2 1 . 5 5 0 . 0 S C L A-6 1 4 ) SC B l_ 0- 1 1 0 6 . 5 1 7 . 6 0 . 0 o . o 9�_l __ lQ_�- _5_2 . 5 _ _]__2_,._6_�?__,_fJ 3�_._'? __ _!]_._! _? 4 o l _2_1_, __ f!__!._,_5_Q_ O . Q c ___ ___ !'\:::6 1. U l _ G__L________ �- -04 1 1 & . 6 \3·;7· --Q:-o-Q.o 3 , 4 4 9 . 1 1 7 . 8 2 9 . 7 2 3 , 1l 3 2 , 4 1 6 . 0 1 9 . 6 2 7 . 2 1 . 55 0 . 0 S C L A-6 1 4 ) SC 8 2 0 - 2 0 2 1 1 6 . 6 . .thL-�· 9. 3 , t, '•9 . 1 _ )}�____l_3.,JL_li____._!!_______._Q __ _)9__._Q_____ll___.___2_,_?2 _ _ Q_,_O �-:P.J.�.l __ __s__c________ 83 0- 2 1 0 6 . 5 1 7 . 6 0 . 0 0 . 0 ·-------o-:-31� 5 2 . 5 3 6 , 6 2 2 , 8 3 9 , 9 1 7 . 1 2 4 . 1 2 9 , 8 1 . 50 0 . 0 A-6 1 1 1 ) C L

2 3 03 1 1 6 . 6 1 3 . 7 O.Q _ ____Q_.__0 __ 3 . 4 49,_l_ll__,___lL_ __ 2_9_. _ _I_Z]____._]_______1_2_,'( Ul_._Q_____l_SI_,_Q____Z},_2_�_.2_2______Q_._Q_ _ SCL _ _l\__::__6___L! $L, __ 84 0- 3 03+ - 1 1 6 . 6 1 3 . 7 0 . 0 0 , 0 3 . 4 4 9 . 1 l 7 . fJ 2 9 , 7 2 3 , 8 3 2 , 4 1 6 , 0 1 9 . 6 2 1 . 2 1 . 55 0 . 0 SCL A-6 1 4 ) SC 85 0 3 ___ 1 � 17_0_ 0 ��0 _Q,l____ _ __lil__,__� _ 5 2 ._ 'L _ ___}__§_,_9 __ 2 2 , 8 _l2__._2 _l_l__._L ( 4 . t 29_,1l__j_ ._2_Q_ o . o _ __ ____G_ ____p._---,_6 1 1 1 L _ (._L_____

3- 6 06 1 1 6 . 6 1 3 . 7 o . o o . o 3 . 4 4 9 . 1 1 7 . 8 2 9 , 7 2 3 . 8 3 2 , 4 1 6 , 0 1 9 , 6 2 7 . 2 1 . 5 5 0 . 0 SCL A-6 1 4 1 SC

�� g= "� 03 i��:� i�:� g:g - g:g �:j i�:� -if.� ;;:�---·i}:-� ��-.1 1;:� - ��-�--�-j---}:-��- --�� S J C L t�t(:f----'c"c---___ _______2_.=_ 6 OL_____l_l_§_, 7 U_._Q_ 0__& _ _ 0 ._Q __ Q__._9 __ il_, 6 2Q ,_!_L ____2_6_, 1__ 1 3 ,9 _2/i_,B _j_QA_z __ HI o l __ _2_1l_.'O!_L._5() 0 . 0 _ _ __ S_f.L __ ____t.__---:_6 1 . 2 1 ___ __ SJ:_______

88 0- 3 1 0 7 . 9 1 6 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 3 1 1 . 7 6 1 , 0 2 7 . 0 1 2 , 0 2 8 . 6 8 . 3 2 1 . 6 2 11 . 3 1 , 5 2 0 , 0 S ! C L A-4 1 8 ) C L 3- �_ll 6 ,_]_____ll___._Q__Q__._O __ p_._Q___ -�-- 5 l , f> ___ j'_Q__.___!l__ _ __2_Q___, :_7_ _1 __ 3_,_9 ___ 2 6 . § _lO , 2 lfl_._L_ 2._6_._9 __ _1 , 5.6 _ _Q_,_Q__ __ $CL A::6__l2_l_ s__c___

89 0- 7 07+ 1 0 3 . 6 1 9 , 7 0 . 0 0 . 0 4 , 5 9 , 3 1 8 , 6 6 7 . 6 2 5 , 5 5 7 , 7 2 8 , 8 3 2 . 8 ?. 5 . 7 1 . 6 1 0 . 0 C S H A-7-6 ( 2 0 ) M H-CH

--"-- �= o3 i��:� itg g:g g:g g:�-.. -}}:� �A:� �i-:f----}tg i�:-� i·�-:-}�tM���� 1 . 5 6 o . o st·',L-��!l-_cs�c---___ 9 1 o 1 0 1 . 9_ Jll____._Q_ Q___.__Q_ __ o . o ___ Q__._}____ll_,�- 6 l , Q__n _ _._Q _ __l_2_, o 2 !!_._6___f!__,.J_D . 6 __ 2lL,_LL._22 o . o ___ -"lLL _ ___,_,.

3- 4 04 1 1 6 , 7 1 3 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 9 5 1 . 6 2 0 . 8 2 6 . 7 1 3 , 9 2 6 . 8 1 0 . 2 1 8 . 1 2 6 . 9 1 . 56 0 . 0 SCL SC _,_, ____ 0- I 1 0 7 . 9 1 & . 0 0 . 0 Q_;_Q___Q_..l_ _ 1 1 , 7 __ f>_hQ_____]_] , O b_�._Q_2_(!_._(> _ _ 8,3 2__L,__9 __ 21!_,_� _ 1 , 5 2 Jl,_Q• __ _5_WL

l - ---,-,--ti h-��- 0':-o 0 , 0 0 . 9 5 1 . 6 z o . A 2 6 . 7 1 3 , 9 2 6 . 8 1 0 . 2 1 11 . 1 2 6 . 9 1 . 5 6 o . o SCL 93 0 03 1 0 7 . 9 1 1:> . 0 o . o o . o _Q_,J 1 1 . 7 6 1 . 0 2.7 0 12 () 2 8 , _ _6 _ _ ll 1 ? ! 6 2JJ..,_3 _ _L.3__2._____j}__ _ ___5,l!'J_-��!l---oo--� 0- -�� 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 3 1 1 . 7 6 1 . 0 n . O 1 2 , 0 2 8 . 6 8 . 3 2 1 . 6 2 8 . 3 1 . 5 2 0 . 0 S J C L

2 - 03 l l 6 . 7 _ __ll_,_Q_ O ,_Q______Q__._!_ __ 0 . 9 5 l____.__Q_ _ _2 0 , R 2QA_!______l2__.__9 _;;>_6 ._8 lD_,_2 _ _1_8_._] 2 6 . 9 _L._2_6___Q__._Q _ _ SCL_--'cohl-'i 95 0- 4 1 0 5 , q 1 7 . 4 0 , 0 o . o o . � 1 0 . 5 5 6 , 4 3 2 , 7 1 4 , 9 3 6 , 4 1 3 . 0 2 4 . 7 3 3 . 6 1 . 4 1 o . o S I C ___ i4c-_55 O?_______ll2_,._q J3_._Q_____Q_._Q___ o . o ____ Q__._] __ ]_]__.9 3'�_._7_26 . 1 __ n .9 ;;>_�_. L_2__._o ___ ts ,_::)_ L4_.LL • .03 o . o ___ ___,:c_ __ -"c

6 3

COUNTY- OHIO

SAMPLE NUMBER

S O I L DEPTH COMPACTION CBR GRADATION DEPTH TO DATA PER CENT

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0 05+ 1 1 3 . 3 1 5 . ) 3 , 8 0 , ) 1 . 1 3 0 , 5 2 9 , 6 38 7 28 0 34 6 15 4 2Q ) 14 9 1 93 2 69 C A - 6 ! ) 0 ) C! 0 1 1 3 , 3 1 5 . 1 3,8 0.1 1 . 1 30.5 29,6 3 8 , 7 28,0 34,6 1 5 , 4 2 0 . 1 14,9 1.93 2 . 69 C A-6 ( 1 0 ) CL 3- 8 J J B . O I ! 8 1 3 1 0 0 4 2 68 9 1 5 9 1 ) 0 4 2 )9 0 ) 3 ) 8 2 20 4 1 7 3 .2.;;o..4J.O.L. .. SI1 8 - 1 7 1 7 + 1 1 3 . 3 1 4 , 4 l o B 1 . 4 1 3 . 6 9 , 9 1 3 , 8 5 1 . 3 2 6 , 2 3 5 , 2 1 7 , 6 1 8 , 9 1 4 , 4 1 . 93 2 . 6 7 C A-6 ( 1 1 ) CL 0- 6 1 1 3 . 3 1 5 . 1 3 . 8 0 . 1 1 . 1 3 0 . 5 2 9 , 6 38 7 28 0 34 6 15 4 20 1 14 9 ) 93 li__O_l ___ _____Cl__ 6 1 1 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 4 1 5 , 9 3 9 , 3 44,4 2 1 , 8 2 7 , 9 4 . 9 2 3 , 8 2 7 . 8 1 , 5 4 2 . 69 C A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL

ll-20 20+ 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.0 0 . 3 3 5 . 8 4 1 . 8 2 2 1 1 4 9 24 4 5 5 0 Q 2 2 ) I 68 2 67 C! A 4161 M! -CJ 0-10 1 0 + 0 , 0 O , O 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 4 1 5 , 9 3 9 , 3 44,4 2 1 , 8 2 7 , 9 4 , 9 2 3 , 8 2 7 , 8 1 . 54 2 . 69 A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 0- 6 06 1 ] ] . 9 )) 5 0 8 0 0 2 0 )9 fl 39 6 38 6 20 0 33 2 )5 ) 21 0 16 4 1 87 2 10 ________ll_-=hJ_lQj ___ _ CJ_ 0- 4 04 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 4 1 5 , 9 3 9 , 3 44,4 2 1 . 8 2 7 , 9 4 , 9 2 3 . 8 2 7 . 8 1 . 54 2 , 69 C A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 0 3 03 1 1 7 9 1 1 5 0 a o o 2 o )9 A 39 6 3_ft_,__6_____2.Q.,D •. _33_.__2_______1__5__2_l_�Q_____J_6�__l_._B_l_2_._]_Q ____ c__ A-:6. Ll 01 ___ (._L __ 0- 8 1 1 7 , 9 1 1 . 5 0 , 8 0 , 0 2 . 0 1 9 , 8 3 9 . 6 3 8 . 6 2 0 . 0 3 3 . 2 1 5 . 1 2 1 . 0 1 6 . 4 1 . 87 2 , 70 C A-6 ( 1 0 ) CL 8 - 1 8 1 1 3 3 1 5 . 1 3 8 0 1 1 I 3 0 5 2 9 6 3 B 7 2 8 Q 34 6 15 4 2 0 l )L3__L._9l___2__._6.9__ _ __ c_ ___ ___ A:=h.

18-25 2 5 108 , 3 1 5 , 5 2 . 3 2 . 0 1 8 . 6 1 8 . 1 1 9 . 5 4 1 , 7 2 4 , 5 4 3 , 7 2 2 . 5 2 3 . 1 1 6 . 3 1 . 8 6 2 . 67 C A-7-6 ( 1 2 ) CL

-,,,;-__!g�="'�:i---20+ g�_; �t� �-:: g:� �:� �6:� �::� ��=* ;�,g ��.6 1;.1 20.7 �:_� i.:; �---z-- ------ -�=1-�t�-l l l 2

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3- 7 07 1 1 2 , 2 1 5 , 8 1 0 . 1 0 . 8 7 .8 J..9 ... J-..�;!.!i ... §.,_ }_5_,_l_ _J_�--·-� �'!_�__Q______b]_____ll!__.__�_l_l_.__z _ _l._u __ 2__,_)_�-- - C ------�--4_UU __ ___ ML::.CL 0 5 05 1 13 , 3 1 5 , 1 3 . 8 0 . 1 1 . 1 3 0 , 5 2 9 , 6 3 8 , 7 2 8 , 0 3 4 , 6 1 5 , 4 2 0 . 1 1 4 , 9 1 . 9 3 2 . 69 C A-6 ( 1 0 ) CL 0- 4 04 1 1 2 . 2 1 5 , 8 1 0 . 1 0.8 7.8 1 9 . 1 36.6 3 5 . 7 19 5 24 6 6 3 )B 9 2.1___,___2__L__l3________2 .A:-lt..l8L� _ML::ll 0 5 1 1 2 . 2 1 5 , 8 1 0 . 1 0 , 8 7 , 8 1 9 , 1 3 6 , 6 3 5 . 7 1 9 . 5 2 4 , 6 6 , 3 1 8 , 9 2 1 , 2 1 . 73 2 . 73 C A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 5 - 1 7 l7 1 2 0 , 8 1 1 . 3 1 . 8 1 . 8 1 7 . 7 2 9 . 3 2 8 . 7 22 5 1 0 4 __2ll___._2__ JJ • . 9 2.Lo3 ___ L8 .• 0 _1_,79 2,,_6-'\ _CL _l\::4_l �_L CL ___ 0- 4 04+ 1 1 2 , 2 1 5 , 8 1 0 . 1 0 , 8 7 , 8 1 9 . 1 3 6 , 6 3 5 , 7 1 9 , 5 2 4 , 6 6 . 3 1 8 , 9 2 1 . 2 1 , 7 3 2 . 73 C A-4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 0- 7 07 1 1 2 . 2 1 5 . 8 1 0 . 1 0 . 8 7 , 8 19 . 1 3 6 , 6 3 5 . 7 1 9 . 5 2 4 . 6 6 3 Le_._9____2_L_._2_ _L,_]_3__2_._D ____ c____ A:-4.L8J ML-CL 0- 8 0,0 0.0 0,0 0,0 0 , 8 2 6 , 6 5 3 . 1 1 9 , 5 9,5 2 1 , 9 2 , 2 2 1 . 4 2 5 , 2 1 . 60 2 . 68 Sll A-4 ( 7 ) ML 8-16 16+ 1 1 2 , 2 1 5 , 8 1 0 . 1 0 , 8 7 , 8 19 , 1 3 6 , 6 3 5 , 7 19 5 2 4 . 6 6 3 18 9 21 2 I 7� 2 B b 4l__ft_L__J1L::.CL 0- 6 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 8 3 1 . 1 4 2 . 0 , 2 6 , 1 1 5 . 0 2 3 , 3 4 . 0 2 1 . 1 2 0 , 9 1 . 70 2 , 64 CL A 4 ( 8 ) ML-CL 6 1 1 o . o o . o o . o o o o 2 22 1 49 a n 9 LL-.5.2�--�L J.h_3_ 2_l_, Q ___ l.9 . • 1 __ L._[5 __ 2_..6_1_ ___ _G_L _ _______Il.-=-._4_Ltl _ ______M_L=-f:L

1 1 - 2 1 2 1 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 , 8 2 9 , 1 4 4 , 0 2 6 , 1 1 5 . 6 2 5 , 3 5 , 5 2 1 . 2 2 3 , 1 1 , 64 2 . 6 4 CL A-4 ( 7 ) ML-CL 0- 6 0.0 0.0 p . o o . o 0 , 8 2 6 , 6 5 3 . 1 1 9 . 5 9 . 5 2l _._2_______2__._2_2_l_.__i____Z_2.2__ _ _l__.__t&_____2_._6_8______SlL __ ______A_--:.4_L7_ )... M L 6 - 1 2 1 2 + 1 1 2 . 2 1 5 , 8 10 , 1 0 , 8 7 . 8 1 9 , 1 3 6 , 6 3 5 , 7 1 9 , 5 2 4 , 6 6 , 3 1 8 . 9 2 1 , 2 1 , 73 2 . 7 3 C A-4( 8 ) ML-CL

1 9 0- 7 07+ 1 1 5 . 9 1 3 , 9 8 , 2 0 , 0 1 , 2 3 6 . 9 2 3 . 4 38 5 25 8 24 R 7 4 )9 R )A 7 l 79 2 69 h-4 2 0 o 6 o6 1 1 5 . 9 1 3 . 9 8 . 2 o.o 1 . 2 3 6 , 9 2 3 , 4 3 8 . 5 2 5 . 8 2 4 . 8 7 . 4 J 9 , B 1 8 , 7 1 . 7 9 2 . 6 9 A 4 ( 5 ! c�

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23 0 6 1 1 5 . 9 13 9 L£__Q___,__Q_ _____ l....2__311_�.9 .. __ 2,3,. __ 4 ______ 3,8..5 ... 2 5 ._8 2_"t .Jj__l.J. _ _l9____._a__l_8.__,_l___l._I9________2___.9____ _ _[.___�l5-l _ ______(J_ __ 6-15 1 5 + 1 18 , 0 1 3 , 1 1 0 , 1 0 , 0 2 , 4 7 3 , 3 6 , 9 1 7 , 4 5 . 5 1 8 , 8 1 . 2 1 8 . 3 2 0 , 6 1 . 74 2 . 7 1 SL A-1-6 ( 0 ) SM

�� g_ � g� 1 1�:g ��:g �-� g_g L� n.2 2Lt 38J 2L� ?.2.� ���--lg .. ��-It�-t-�9-··---f:*-·--t··-- ----!�t�-i""--c,�,--__ ,_, __ __Q_:;_!t__Qi:t. __ �u.....'t. . .l-.2....9: _ .\l .... 2. __ Q __ , P_. ___ ].__.) __ .. 91>__._9__ -�-1_,_4 __ ;l:f!_._;; _ ____z_2___._fLli�_l9__.__13______l_B__I__L_l9_____2__._QC ..A�4_t5_L __ _ _ .C.L

27 0- 6 1 1 5 . 9 1 3 , 9 8 , 2 0 . 0 1 . 2 3 6 , 9 2 3 , 4 3 8 , 5 2 5 . 8 2 4 . 11 7 . 4 1 9 , 8 1 8 . 7 1 , 79 2 . 6 9 C A-4( 5 ) CL

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6-10 10+ 1 2 1 . 2 1 1 , 5 9 , 2 0 . 0 1 . 2 7 0 , 0 9 . 3 19_,6 __ 9_,_5_ 2J,_6 5 . 2 _ _ L7,4 1 8 , ) l ,fl_Q_ _ _2._._9_8 __ ___ SL _____ A:c2-_4 J O.l .St-\:-_S.C 0- 2 0 2 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 1 . 4 8 1 , 4 1 2 , R 4 , 4 4 , 2 1 3 , 4 0 , 9 1 3 , 0 1 5 , 9 1 . 117 2 . 66 A-2-4 ( 0 ) SM o- 7 07+ 1 1 2 . 2 1 6 . o 6 , 3 o . o 0 , 9 4 5 . 6 1 1 . 1 3 5 . 8 2 6 . 0 2 9 1 1 2 3 2n , 2 0 5 1 15 2 n -:td.S .. L. ___ LL ___ _ 0- 4 04 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 3 , 1 6 3 , 0 1 R . 5 1 5 , 4 6 , 3 1 6 , 0 0 , 5 1 6 , 1 1 7 . 9 1 . 82 2 , 70 SL A-2-4 ( 0 ) SM 0-11 11 1 0 8 . 6 1 7 . 3 1 , 5 0 , 1 1 1 7 23 l 26 6 3A 5 25 b 34 9 15 7 2l___._l_22...__2_______lD____2_._li!_ _ _c_ _ ______ �---A--c6.t9.l .(.L_ __ 0 5 05+ 1 0 8 . 6 1 7 , 3 1 , 5 0 . 1 1 1 , 7 23 , 1 2 6 , 6 3 8 , 5 2 5 , 6 3 4 , 9 1 5 , 7 2 1 , 3 2 2 , 9 1 . 70 2 . 7 8 C A-6 ( 9 ) CL 0- A 1 0 8 . 6 1 7 . 3 1 . 5 0 . 1 1 1 . 7 2]_._l ___ 2_6�_fl .3.8 .• _5 22�!>_34,'l_ _ l _2_,]_ _2j _ _.__]_ _ __2_2_._'Ll_._7_0 __ _ _2_._"/_IL _ __ c_ _ ____ lL::b.i9_J _ CL 8 15 15+ 1 1 2 , 1 1 5 , 6 1 , 7 0 , 5 1 3 , 1 1 9 . 7 2 3 , 4 43 , 3 2 1 . 9 3 4 , 6 1 4 , 0 2 2 , 9 2 1 , 0 1 , 73 2 . 7 2 C A-6 ( 8 ) C L 0 8 1 1 5 , � _ _l_Lt_,_? ___ 1__,_?_ 0 . 0 1_2__,_<;l __ 2_l_,_� _:)�_._!'_ __ 22_, 9 _ 1 3 . A ::!3_, 1 1 1 . 2 2 4 , 0 2 3 , 0_ 1 . 7 1 2 . 8 2 C A-6 ( 7 ) ML-CL 8-29 29+ 1 1 2 , 1 1 5 , 6 1 , 7 0 , 5 1 3 . 1 1 9 , 7 2 3 , 4 4 3 , 3 2 1 , 9 34,6 1 4 , 0 2 2 . 9 2 \ , 0 1 . 73 2 . 7 2 C A-6 ( 11 ) CL

_ _ 2._ _ _ 0- 6 06+ 0,0 0.0 Q_� Q _Q_.O 4_, 2 5 2 . 8 2 8 . 7 14.3 1 0 , 2 2_ij , 3 fl , l :.;;' 1 . 5 2 2 . 8 1 ._9_6 2 . 6 7 S L A :-4 1 2 ) SC 36 "()':)---o3---o:Q--Q--:-6-- 0 , 0 0 , 0 4 , 2 5 2 , 8 2 8 , "/ 1 4 , 3 1 0 . 2 2 8 , 3 8 , 1 2 1 , 5 2 2 . 8 1 . 66 2 . 67 SL A-4 ( 2 ) SC 37 o- 5 o5+ o . o o.o o.o o.o 4 . 2 5 2 , 8 __ 1.ll __ • _ _7__ t"t_.;? _ 1_9 . ? ?ll_._;o _ _ ll.� _2_1_,_?__ 2 2 . R J , i2Q __ 2 . 6 7 _sL__ /1_:-! d Z J _ __ sc 38 0- 7 07+ 102 , 7 2 0 , 4 9 , 1 0 , 0 0 . 6 1 0 , 3 5 4 , R 3 4 , 3 2 3 , 7 34 , 5 1 1 . 1 2 5 . 7 2 3 , 5 1 . 66 2 , 7 2 C A-6 ( 9 ) ML-CL " " "

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0- 6 06+ 0 , 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0_._1) _ _ __2_,_/;l ___ _z_Q ,_l _ 3 6 ,(>_ 1,0 , 7 2 7 . 0 3 9 . 6 1 9 . 0 2 2 ,_3 2 3 , 3 1 , 68 2 , 76 C A-6 ( 1 2 ) CL 0- 5 05+ 1 0 2 , 7 20,4 9 . 1 0,0 0,6 1 0 , 3 54,8 3 4 , 3 2 3 , 7 34,5 1 1 . 1 25,7 2 3 , 5 1 , 66 2.72 C A-6 ( 9 ) ML-CL 0- 5 1 0 2 , 7 2 0 . 4 9 , 1 0 . 0 0 , 6 1 0 . 3 5 4 . 8 34 . 3 2_3_.,_L_]'±_,. 2__lL, l__25_,7_ 2__1, ,_5 _ _ _ 1 ,_h6 2 . 7 2 C _tl_-,_hi9J .!1L::.CL 5 - l l 1 1 2 , 9 1 6 . 1 6 , 9 0 . 3 5 . 8 3 5 . 5 3 1 . 7 2 6 . 7 1 5 , 4 2 9 , 7 1 0 . 1 2 1 . 5 2 1 . 7 1 . 69 2 . 67 Cl. A-f d 5 l Cl.

ll-16 16+ 1 1 6 . 5 14.6 1 . 2 0.1 1 4 , 5 2 5 , 6 26.6 33.2 14.11 3 4 , 2 _j_? 9 21 9 _lil_.!L_L,_8_b___2_,_8;l_ ___ .C. __ A_:cQ._L/U ___ c_L __ _ 0-10 10 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 1 . 9 7 , 7 2 0 , 4 3 4 , 5 3 5 , 5 1 6 , 9 3 4 , 3 1 2 , 3 2 2 , 7 1 6 , 6 1 , 85 2 . 67 C A-6 ( 8 ) ML-CL 0 5 05+ 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 l . 9 7 7 __2_Q_._"t ___ _3_5_,._� ____ ]_2__.__5 _ _ 1 6 , 9 _ 3_ '< , 3 1 2 , 3_ 22_._l__ 16_.6_ l_,_B_5� 2._._6_] ___ _ C ___ _A::-.fd 8J _ __ ML:::CL 0- 3 102 . 7 2 0 . 4 9 , 1 0 , 0 0 , 6 1 0 , 3 5 4 , 8 3 4 , 3 2 3 , 7 3 4 , 5 1 1 . 1 2 5 , 7 2 3 , 5 1 . 66 2 . 72 C A-6 ( 9 1 ML-CL 3-10 1 0 + o,o o.o o.o 1 , 9 7,7 20.4 34,5 3 5 . 5 _li .____<L_�'l� __ ll__._:a_ _z_z__._I_ 1f,_,p 1 ,_8_5_ 2 • . 6.7 _C A-:.Q.L(l _ _) _ ___ ML-_C_L 0- 7 1 0 2 , 7 2 0 , 4 9 , 1 0 . 0 0 , 6 1 0 , 3 5 4 , 8 3 4 , 3 2 3 , 7 3 4 . 5 1 1 . 1 2 5 , 7 2 3 , 5 1 . 66 2 . 72 C A-6 ( 9 1 ML-CL 7 - 1 8 18+ 1 2 0 , 8 1 1 , 5 1 9 . 3 1 . 9 ��._1 . ._l____._l..l.__,_7 _ ____2__,__Q_____J__(2_._e_l.____,___l____ 5 20 8 I 72 2 6 8 _5__L_ ___ _A-,-_L::!t_j_Q_) __ _sl:j __ 0- 6 1 0 2 . 7 2 0 . 4 9 . 1 0 , 0 0 , 6 1 0 . 3 5 4 . 8 3 4 , 3 2 3 , 7 3 4 , 5 1 1 . 1 2 5 . 7 2 3 , 5 1 , 66 2 . 7 2 C A-6 ( 9 ) ML-CL 6 - 1 6 1 1 6 . 2 1 3 , 3 1 1 ,9 0 . 3 6 , 1 64 , 3 1::!__,__Q_ __ 12__.__1 _____ L_0 __ 2_ft.,_4 ___ 2_. 9____n____._± _ _2.5_._.'1_l_.___!ill_ 2�10. ___ S_L__ A-2-4(0J _.SN_

1 6 22 22+ 1 1 4 , 5 1 3 , 3 9 . R 0 , 4 4 , 6 6 7 , 6 1 5 , 5 1 1 , 9 3 , 1 2 3 , 1 0 , 7 2 2 , 9 2 6 , 4 1 , 58 2 . 7 1 SL A-2-4 ( 0 1 SM 0- 9 09+ 1 0 2 , 7 2Q.� __ .1..!_1 _ __Q_,___Q ___ _Q_,__E__ .),Q�-�----�-�-· 11 ___ 3-! , 3 _ _f}_. __ 7 __ }'j,._? _u_ __ ,J _ _2_2__._} _ _ 2.}_.� _l._f,__p __ 2 , 1__2_ __(; _ A-fd 9 J ML:-CL 0 1 4 108,9 1 8 . 2 2 , 6 1 . 1 6 , 6 1 6 , 5 3 1 . 0 44 . 8 3 1 , 3 44,4 2 4 , 0 2 3 , 3 1 11 . 2 1 . 86 2 , 8 1 C A-7-!-. ( 14 ) CL

14 24 24+ 1 2 o . 6 u.5 t . 3 6 . 1 2 2 , 6 1 6 . 3 23,6 3 1 . 4 tn.?_-lz .• .z ... -�2 __ ,_1_ __ t9._,J_j_5_.Ll_.__2__L__2____._IQ __ c_. __ __ 4_::_b_LLQJ _____ CL_ 0- 1 1 1 0 8 . 9 1 8 . 2 2 , 6 1 , 1 6 , 6 1 6 , 5 3 1 , 0 44 , 8 3 1 , 3 44,4 2 4 , 0 2 3 . 3 1 11 , 2 1 . 86 2 o ll l C A-7-6 ! 14 ) CL

1 1 - 1 A 18+ 1 1 6 , 4 1 2 . 4 9.9 4 . 7 1 2 . 5 6 7 . 1 7 , 1 8,6 2 . 1 2 1 , 4 2 . 9 19.0 _2_"t_._l_____l_._Q2_____2..__._lQ_ _ _ _s___ A.-:2:-lt_LQJ. SM 0 5 05 1 0 A . 9 1 8 . 2 2 , 6 1 , 1 6 , 6 1 6 , 5 3 1 , 0 44,R 3 1 , 3 44,4 2 4 , 0 2 3 , 3 1 8 , 2 1 . 86 2 . 8 1 C A-7-6 ( 14 ) CL o 6 1 1 3 . 2 1 5 , 3 3 . 1 1 . 2 9,9 4 6 . 2 5 . 6 3 7 , 1 2_2_�_2___3 6 , 6 1_4_, 6 _2}_._'?_ __ 1_8_�_9_!_,._!H __ _z_,_15 _ __ _ L __ _t1:-_Q_ DJ _ __ _ _sc 6 - 1 8 1R+ 1 2 3 , 7 1 0 , 3 0 , 8 0 , 8 2 , 2 4 4 , 3 1 6 , 6 3 6 , 1 2 0 , 5 2 8 , 4 1 2 , 6 1 7 , 6 1 2 . 9 1 , 9 7 2 , 64 C A-6 ( 5 ) CL 0 7 0 , 0 0,0 0 , 0 0,0 5 , 6 29,3 42 . 1 23,0 1 1 , 2 2 2 . 2 3,6 1 9 , 5 2 1___,__l_LM__Z,_,_M ____ CL A-4 ! 6 1 1<\L__ 7-20 20+ 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 1 . 4 5 3 , 6 2 7 . 9 1 7 , 1 5 , 2 1 7 , 9 2 , 9 1 5 , 7 1 8 , 5 1 . 76 2 . 6 1 S I L A-4 ( 2 ) SM 0- 2 02+ O,O Q,O 0.0 0,0 0.4 4 2 , 6 10.0 47 0 41 2 34 l 9 8 25 7_2l__._2____l_._2!t_ __ _z_,._6__�- ___ c_ ____ � _ __ _M_l_-:-_CL 0- 5 05+ 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6 , 4 0 . 0 0 , 4 3 4 . 2 2 9 . 6 3 5 , 11 2 6 , 9 3 1 , 9 1 4 , 3 1 9 , 7 1 9 , 9 1 . 7 6 2 . 7 1 C A-6 ( fl ) CL 0- 5 05+ 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6.4 0 , 0 0 . 4 3 4 , 2 2 9 , 6 3 5 , 11 2 6 , 9 3 1 , 9 1 4 3 19 7 19 9 I 76 2 7L___c___ _____ A::::.6 . .18J. _LL_ 0 9 09 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6 , 4 0 . 0 0 , 4 3 4 . 2 2 9 , 6 3 5 . 8 2 6 , 9 3 1 , 9 1 4 . 3 1 9 , 7 1 9 . 9 1 . 7 6 2 . 7 1 C A-6 ( 8 ) CL 0- 9 09+ 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6 , 4 . 0 , 0 0 . 4 �j'__'Z_,.R___d.?.._,.!L .. 2 6 , 9 3 1 . 9 1 4 3 19 7 19 9 I 7(, 2 7J C __________/L---:ll1___8___L ___ £L .. 0- 7 07 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6 , 4 0 , 0 0 , 4 34 , 2 2 9 , 6 3 5 , 8 2 6 , 9 3 ] . , 9 1 4 , 3 1 9 , 7 1 9 , 9 1 , 76 2 . 7 1 C A-6 ( 11 ) CL 0- 3 03 1 1 4 , 3 1 5 , 2 6,9 0,0 I ,O 33 1 35 3 30 6 17 9 2 6 I> �l�lLL,._b_ _21l�Q..la.l'i_ _ _2_._69__ C ___ l!_-:-_6_L7 __ L ___ J:L_ 0- 4 1 1 4 , 3 1 5 , 2 6_ , 9 0 , 0 1 .0 3 3 , 1 3 5 , 3 3 0 . 6 1 7 , 9 2 6 , 6 1 1 . 3 1 7 , 6 2 0 . 0 1 , 75 2 . 69 C A-6 ( 7 ) CL 4- 6 06+ ·-··-�Q __ _Q_� __ Q_,,._g ___ Q__._Q� ... __ Q_,J ____ LQ _,_L .. J.!>.,) .'L'J . � .. 2 9: , 4. _3_3 , 5 1_�_,'; _ _12_,_9 ___ l fl , _Q _.l-.__,_fi_4_ __ _z__.__g_l_ __ _ _ C A-6. ( 1 0 l CL 0- 4 1 1 3 , 1 1 5 , 7 6 , 4 0,0 0,4 3 4 . 2 29,6 35,8 26,9 3 1 , 9 14,3 19,7 19,9 1 . 7 6 2 . 7 1 C A-6 ( 8 ) CL 4 24 24+ 1 1 8 . 7 1 2 . 2 5 , 5 0,0 2 , 0 7 6 . 1 9,9 1 2 . 0 1 2 J R . 1 2 l _l_b___.__lL2_l_.___2_ _ _l__._]_l_______z__._,6_8 .. .... . Sl .__._ A::-_2_::_'t_L(ll_____511_ _ _ _ 0- 5 05 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 , 0 0 , 0 4 , 0 40 , 4 3 7 , 0 1 8 , 0 9 . 1 1 9 , 0 2 , 0 1 7 . 3 1 � . 8 1 . 76 2 . 70 L A-4 ( 4 ) ML 0- 4 04 1 1 4 , 6 14,3 1 1 , 5 0 . 0 · 6,0 34.2 33,8 26 O_____l_2__,_l_2_:;1_.__';i __ _5_. 6_ __ _2_0 . 0 !A__._6_ _ 1 . _7_'l _ 2._6B CL A - 4 ( 5_1 ML:-CL 0- 3 1 1 4 , 6 1 4 . 3 1 1 , 5 0 , 0 6,0 34,2 33,R 26,0 1 5 , 1 2 3 . 5 5,6 20,0 1 8 , 6 1 . 79 2 . 68 CL A-4 ( 5 ) ML-CL

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231

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36 0- 05+ 105.3 1 7 . 7 6 . 5 0 .0 0 .0 1 1 . 0 59.0 30.0 19.8 3 2 . 7 1 2 . 5 24.7 2 2 . 7 1 .61 2 . 65 S1C A-6 ( 9 ) CL �! ---"g= _ _][,�:c:•·'-�:":"i":"2'-':':�:•:-""�g":":'--"g":":'---"g�:•:--':'.":'-"i"i":':-';';�. '•,�;�:.: �t-i--{-;-:-: �: :-� z;-:-: i :;� 2 :� � � !=�: ib i ��=�t -c:c;c__-�gc_--!c;-o�,;f::-�:�:!;:�:e2'-+'i::� 1��� ---g:g -----.. g�-�- - �-: .. 6 ---�-�-:-6 N-�!---2�.� i4.� i!.� 2�.� 2�.; 1 :;�-t��--- �1c �=� � ig i �t-eL

41 0- 9 102.0 20.0 8 . 5 o.o 0.0 19.0 50.4 30.6 2 1 . 8 44.5 2 l 5 29.0 2'!.3 1 62 2.67 c A---:1_-::Q_l_lH _ ____c_L_ 9-17 1 7 + 1 1 0 . 2 1 6 . 0 5 , 5 0 , 0 0 . 6 9 . 0 57.0 33.4 2 7 . 5 34.0 1 4 . 7 2 9 . 2 20 . 7 1 .73 2 . 69 S iC A-6 ( 101 C L _ _o4�2L__-�Oc-Algo_clOQ•'--"'�0�2C,·�o�2go,.�o_s"-';· ,,__�oc.,oc___go,.�o_clB�."o'--o'�oc.,4�>30. 6 Zl_._s :±4.• 5 .2J_, � 29 ._o _23_._� __ 1_._6.2 __ 2 . 6 7 c A-7-6 ( DJ CL 43 0 7 102.0 20.0 8 . 5 0 . 0 0 . 0 19 .0 50.4 30.6 2 1 . 8 44.� 2 1 . 5 29.0 23.3 1 .62 2 .67 C A-7-6 1 13 ) CL ____ _l7=-"'"l_clcH'-�lclcOc.c<2C_!l.6,.Q0_5,_,.5 ___ _Q,_O__ 0 .6 9.•9 ... _ _ 5_7,,9. 3:t._•J:. __ ?3�5 ,:;l_4__._Q __ l_'t_._L_f:_cz___.__z___l_Q_, 7 __ l_,_J'3: __ 2_._6_9 S lC A-6 ( lOl CL

-�4�5:--�0°--;5�05.-Cl�l�2�.�l�l!5-. �2 ..,-1 1:-.�3:--;0�.00:---::,-. �l-�lOC.C5L.�o�5c.-:2-�2C4�. �2 -�-:c-'3�2C.�3�l�O�. o"--2�3�.c6:-2�5".C4'-:l-.?50 :-2�."8�7:--� j C L ._.A.-,-_6.JJ.Dl -- ML--CL A-4 1 8 1 ML-CL ��---_5_-:: Hl l.l9_._3_____J_4_._Q__ 3.�6 ___ o_._o .10 ... 2 2 3 . 2 24 .. �13 - 4i._s _3_3�l_l5_.7 __ l9.B 1.s .s. !.9o 2 .69

c 18-25 25 1 19 . 6 1 3 . 3 2 . 7 0 .0 1 3 . 4 19 .4 24.4 42 . 8 25.4 35 .3 15 .4 20.0 1 5 . 6 1 .9 1 2 . 7 2 S H A-6 ( 7 ) Cl A-6 1 6 1 C L

--"'�-�4=-",�4---�,"'"8C..C:3'-:,c4�.oo-""'-3:.�,:--;o�.oo�",�o�.�2-,�3':.-',:-.:2:"4".2,-�4',�.',-c,L3c..�-����i!:: -�� :� �:�6 2 ::� s1cL A-4 ! 8 1 ML-CL A-6 { 7 1 CL ---�---ccc�-c�--�������-"�;--c�'-�-c���-"��-c;-���cCC:�;-�����"-��---c�"--- A�-�&� - ML -48 0-10 10+ 106.4 1 7 . 9 5 . 8 0.0 0 . 1 9 . 3 57 .8 32 . 8 24,4 34,4 1 1 . 4 2 . 65 S C A-6 { 10 ) ML-CL

--"'"---c,","-"2�4�c2c4-,-"ll"2'.-2'""'l"s".�,L_",-. •3�o'"". ,'---'oL.",'--3,",-. ', �,c" ,L:-!--t�-: !---��-: � -�� : � 1 �-: � 2 : �! � : =: : � ; g t 50 0-10 10 107 o 17 4 10 o o o n 2.66 SICL l\-,-_4 ( fl ) ML-CL 51 0 08+ 0.0 0 .0 0.0 0 . 0 1 8 . 0 9 . 0 3 1 . 2 5 8 . 0 37.6 42.9 19.0 19 . 0 l .fl1 2 .76 C A-7-6 ! 1 2 ) Cl

--'z....--c,c,�2;;2:-�2�2c,-�o:C.�oc-oo�.�o��o-. �o -co'C.�o:-·'Oo�.�,�-"'C,-. :', �,�,�.co��'�4-.�,-�3�4·. ,:--'3�,�."3C-!,c'2c.c'3�27,-. :<, -!-,e':.c,Lt-�� -�---� ���i!� - - � t _ c L ___ _535, ... -- ,_0

0�1

52 .. --l512"!'---'WLiLlL-"1.1L"ii.0 .. n0 ----��. ',--- - 6

5 .. -� 1 5 . 8 77 .2 _46.2 __ 46.�l-2n�-'L.2L9 1 6 . 6 1 . 87 2 . 7 l C A-7-6 ( 1 3 1 ML -CL

T o .o o.o o .o v 7 1 1 . 0 8 3 . 0 52 .6 44.4 19.4 30 .3 16.9 1 . 84 2 .67 c A-7-6 1 13 1 ML-CL --""'---c,C:2�-"'�8-"'08c,-,c,�,'."8�,.:,"."',-�2�. �2�o0.-coc---:,".�8L_�,-. 8��2',�.",L_",�,-.","-2�003�. !'-':'"'t-:-�-��!--� �: � �� :6 t : �* � : ��

� 1 c L �=� �� i i 8 1 � � -""" ... -c,c'2c_c,�,-",o,c, -,c,�,�-�8�'�'�-�,-�2�. �2 �o�.�o:---:,".�8L_c-:,�. ,��,;:8�-�,L_�,��-.�,-�4�3 •. 4;-4�'�·"'L.J'"'�-�,�,""-2 . · �f �: � - i :� * - � : * i � I c L � =� � � i i 8 1 � �

15-25 2.9.�0 20 .. 4 34.0 13 .4 2 2 . 0 22 .4 1 . 66 2 . 64 S I CL A-6 { 1 1 1 CL 105.9 19.8 2 . 2 0.0 1 .9 6.9 29.6 6 1 . 6 43.4 41.6 20.8 �2.7 16.0 1 .89 2 . 7 1 C A-7-6 ( 1 8 1 CL

---''''---c1g�:oz':'i'--c2o,c,-�i�1���.�:-'c1;".�oc__�;�_.;:��g�.o�o-�:c.�;Lc2o;�.�:-�;�:�.�����:i�-;:� -�:� ;� :� g:; � :�i 2:*� �I cL !=� : � � 1

�� -�:�o-�:�-o_;�g:-�1�g�:-"'"' �g�. 0�'-l�;�.�Q:-�;�.�Qc_�g�. o�,-�:�.�::-c40:�.�:-�;r;;�. :��zc:�."::-�;�:".':i�l�o�. 0�5 _IL:�."i�ici".�:-�! -� :��--�:�: - ---�� �L -!=:g � 1 �� ---'"---c',0�2�0c-c2coc,--�o�.o!!--�o':.�o!-",".�o�u,�."o-cBc.",���� _ _

z�-:-� 2�:� 1�:-� 3g:�-- 6-:; 1�:� g:� i:�� � :�� �

CL �=��! : o 1 - �� _ __o6L2 _ _!0C-clU0L.-'l"Oli>�-Q0�0<L-'0"-"0L."Ow;O_Q0�PIL�4'-'8'--'4"6W>8_L2c>3�6"--�2"4L-"5LOl.06__._fi__3_0_._5_ 4_. 3 1 6 . !1 2 1 . 6 1 , 66 2 ,59 SCL A-4 ( 3 1 SM

7 1

APPENDIX D

GENERAL ENGINEERING CHARACTERISTICS AND RELATIVE DESIRABIU1Y RATINGS FOR DISTURBED AND UNDISTURBED

SOILS AT RESIDENTIAL BillLDING SITES

73

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF DISTURBED SOILS AT RESIDENTIAL BUILDING SITES

(FROM REFERENCE 12)

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

SHEARING COMPRESSIBILITY EXPANSION PERMEABiliTY

WORKABILITY DRY UNIT WEIGHT STRENGTH WHEN WHEN COMPACTED l'OTENTIAL AND PERCOLATION POTENTIAL

MAJOR GROUP 'ITPICAL NAMES OF AS A (LB PER CU FT) COMPACTED AND AND WHEN CHARACTERISTICS FROST CORROSION CONSTRUCTION COMPACTION SATURATED SATURATED COMPACTED WHEN COMPACTED ACTION POTENTIAL

DIVISIONS SYMBOLS SOIL GROUPS MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS STD. AASHO MOD. AASHO (CM PER SEC)

Wdl-gradtd gravds, gravel- > 10"2

GW lll!ld mixtures, little or no I I 125-135 125-14(1 I I I Pervious

• r� � > w·Z � Poorly graded gravels or

GP gravel-Mild mixtures, 2 2 li0-125 ll(I.J4{) 2 I I Very pervious ! little or no fines 0 ' Silty gn.vch, gravckand- w-3 to 10-6

l GM lilt mixtures 2 4 115-135 115-145 5 2 I Semi-pervious 2·'

to impervious • � Clayey gravel&, Sf'IV"l-Wld- 10-6 to w·8 • GC clo.y mixtures 2 ' 115-130 12().145 6 ' 2 ImpeiVious 2·' � Wen-graded sand., gravelly > 10"3 l sw sand;, little or no fmes I I 105-120 110.l30 ' I I Pervious

� Poorly graded sands or > w-3

i SP gravelly sands, little or ' 2 100-120 105-135 4 I I PefVious

DO fine1

' Silty sand, And-silt w·3 to 10-6

� ... -· ' 4 100-125 100-135 7 ' I Semi-pervious 4 to impervious

Clayey mnds, sand-clay 10.(; to w·8 sc """""" 2 3 105-125 JI0-135 8 ' 2 Impervious 4

lnol"glUUc !lilts and very flm 10"3 to w·6

§ ML sands, rock flour, llil.ty or >4 .. 85-115 90-125 9 4 2 Semi-pervious >5 clayey fme sands or clayey to impemous

v silts wi!h light plasticity

:J Inorganic claya of low to 10.(; to w·8 .-8 CL medium pluticity, gravelly ' 4 90-120 90-BO 9 5 ' Impervious 34 clays, sandy clays, silty

� ] clays, lean clays

� Organic silts and organic 104 to 10.(; • OL llil.ty clays of low plasticity 4 7 SQ.IOO 90-105 9 6 ' Semi-pervious ';.4 �; to Impervious

� w-4 to 10.(; � �· Inorganic silts, micaceoUJ or

"" dialomlceous fme sandy or silty 4 .., 70-95 80-105 10 6 2 Semi-pervious >5 A soils., elastic llil.t:s to Impervious

:J 10.(; to 10·8 � Inorganic clays of high

Cll pluticity. fat clay, 5 �7 75-105 85-115 10 7 3 Impervious

; Organic clay, of medium to 10--6 to w·8

� OH high p!Mtidty, organic 5 ' 6>100 75-110 10 7 3 Impervious __, "" "'

_, """" PI Peat and other highly NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS

ic Solla mpnic IIOils

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF UNDISTURBED SOILS AT RESIDENTIAL BUILDING SITES

(FROM REFERENCE 12) RELATIVE DESIRABILITY FOR VARIOUS USES'

ROADWAYS FOUNDATIONS WATER AND SEWERAGE PURPOSf;S

SUBBASE BASE SU�BASh S\IRFACfi "' WHEN NOT WilEN NOT WHEN SlJDJECT WEARING STABIUZATJON BUILDINGS

�"' GROUP SUBJECT TO SUBJECT TO w SURfACE WITH ON COMPACTED

FROST ACT!ON FROST ACTION FROST ArTJON (UNTREATED) ADU!TJVES FILL

DMSIONS SYI.IBOLS

ow

! � "'

� l � '" H

! 0

J � ""

� • •

i � '"

l j � 3-S

oc

� "' '" w "

v "

! " "

• l • i l " '" " '"

� � � '" '" " " ' "

.l rn " " '"

1 � " " '" " '" '"

fllsbly llrpn-' " " '" " " " '" • &•

1Numbeu in each column indicate relative desirability. The numeral "!" is used for the group or groups usually considered most duinlble; higher numbers indicate desirability decreasing witll the magnitude of the numbers. The symbol "NS" indicates a soil group Ia not generally suitable for the use shown or, in the rating of characteristics, its quality I!; so poor that no relative rating is assigned. In the columns stating the rel.o.tive ratings of soil groups with reference to unfavorable characteristics, such as compressibility and potential frost action, it Jhould be kept in mind that groups which show little evidonce of these unfavorable characteristics are given the lower numerical ratings; on the other hand, where groups •re compared with reference to favorable characteristics, such as workability and shearing strength, groups which show peater evidence of these features are given the lower numerical ratings. Nwnerlcal oomparisoiL!l apply only within a � vertical column. It should be clearly recognized that the numerical ratings given are approximate and are intended only as a guide to aid in comparin& soils for various purposes.

bFills are not generally suitable for use as domestic sewage disposal areas except for coarse-pained soils on coarse-grained subpades with favorable topopaphy, and the fills that are used should be large, well designed and properly compacted.

76

LOW BERM (< 6 fl) COMPACTED BARTl! UNING

FOR SEWAGE FOR WATER STORAGE

LAGOONS RESERVOIRS AND

SEWAGE LAGOONS

'" "

'" '·'

'" '"

" '"

'" '"

'" "

DOMESTIC

SEWAGE I> DISPOSAL AREA

'"

"

''

'"

"

'"

"

'"

RELATIVE DESIRABILITY FOR VARIOUS USES* TYPICAL NAMES

GROUP ROADWAY SUBGRADE FOUNDATIONS OF FOR LOW BUILDINGS

SYMBOLS NOT SUBJECT TO SUBJECT TO SOIL GROUPS FROST ACTION FROST ACTION DENSE OR HARD LOOSE OR SOFT

GW

GP

GM

GC

sw

SP

SM

sc

ML

CL

OL

MH

CH

OH

Pt

y.'ell..graded gravels, gravel-sand mixtures, little or no fines

Poorly graded gravels or gravel-sand mixtures, little 3 3 or no fmes

Silty gravels, gravel-sand- 4 9 silt mixtures

Clayey gravels, gravel-sand- 6 5 clay mixtures

Well-graded sands, gravelly 2 2 sands, little or no fmes

Poorly graded sands or gravelly 4 sands, little or no fines

Silty sand, sand-silt mixtures 6 l O

Clayey sands, sand-clay mixtures 7 6 Inorganic silts and very fine sands, rock flour, silty or 8 II clayey fine sands o r clayey silts with slight plasticity

Inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity, gravelly 8 7 clays, sandy clays, silty clays, lean clays

Organk silts and organic silty days of low plasticity 9 12

Inorganic silts, micaceous or diatomaceous fine sandy or lO 13 silty soils, elastic silts

Inorganic clays of high plas- 11 8 ticity, fat clays

Organic days of medium to high plasticity, organic silts 12 14

Peat and other highly organic NS NS soils

*Numbers in each column indicate relative desirability. The numeral " l " is used for the group or groups usually considered most desirable; higher numbers indicate desirability decreasing with the magnitude of the numbers. Numerical comparisons apply onJy within a single vertical colunm. The symbol "NS" indicates a soil group is not generally suitable for the use shown. It should be clearly recognized that the numerical ratings given are approximate and are intended only as a guide to aid in comparing soils for various purposes; conditions and environment will often make different numerical sequences not only desirable but necessary.

2

2 2

3

2

2 2

2

3 3

3 Expansion 3-5

very dangerous if dry

4 Expansion 4 dangerous

4

5 4 Expansion Expansion

very dangerous might be if dry dangerous

6 Expansion 5 dangerous

7 NS

DOMESTIC SEWAGE

DISPOSAL AREA

2

2

2 2

2

2

2

2

NS

NS

NS

77